Series 4410 Directional RF Thruline® Wattmeter ©Copyright 2011 by Bird Electronic Corporation Instruction Book Part Number 920-4410S Rev.
Safety Precautions The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure, and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publication. These precautions must be thoroughly understood and apply to all phases of operation and maintenance. WARNING Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating Personnel must at all times observe general safety precautions.
Safety Symbols WARNING Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly performed, could result in personal injury. CAUTION Caution notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly performed, could result in damage to the instrument. The caution symbol appears on the equipment indicating there is important information in the instruction manual regarding that particular area Note: Calls attention to supplemental information.
Safety Statements USAGE ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION. USO EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO. BENUTZUNG WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
SERVICE SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO. SERVICIO LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA HACERIO. WARTUNG ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT SOCKET - KEEP ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING OPERATION. DE LA TENSION H.F. PEAT ÊTRE PRÉSENTE DANS LA PRISE DE L'ÉLÉMENT H.F. - CONSERVER L'ÉLÉMENT DANS LA PRISE LORS DE L'EMPLOI. HF-SPANNUNG KANN IN DER HF-ELEMENT-BUCHSE ANSTEHEN ELEMENT WÄHREND DES BETRIEBS EINGESTÖPSELT LASSEN. PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL ELEMENTO RF MANTENGA EL ELEMENTO EN EL ENCHUFE DURANTE LA OPERACION.
About This Manual This manual covers the operating and maintenance instructions for the following models: 4410-026 4410-201 4410A500 4410A501 4410A510 4410S511 4410A520 4410A521 4412A101 Changes to this Manual We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for improving this manual, please send your comments to our Solon, Ohio factory. This manual may be periodically updated.
Table of Contents Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Warning Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Caution Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Safety Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 4 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Care and Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 RF Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Line Section & Plug-In Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1 Introduction The Series 4410 Thruline Wattmeter is an insertion type RF wattmeter designed to mea- sure power flow and load match in 50 ohm RF coaxial transmission lines. Its use is intended for CW unmodulated, or FM signals only. When used in a 50 ohm application with N type connectors, the Series 4410 has an insertion VSWR of less than 1.05 for frequencies up to 1000 Mhz. The meter has two scales, a 0 to 1 scale and a 0 to 3 scale.
Component Description Meter Meter Housing QC Connector Range Switch RF Line Section Element Port Rubber Feet Calibration Access Hole Instrumentation Module Battery 4410 & 4410A 4412A Mirrored, 2 scale Cast aluminum Interchangeable input and output OFF, Battery Check, Various Ranges Accepts 4410 series elements Permit vertical or horizontal position and operation Adjustment potentiometer Active sensing circuitry 9V alkaline 9V NiMH rechargeable Features To make measurements, the cylindrical shaped plug-in
Theory Of Operation On any uniform RF line section there are voltages, currents and standing waves present when RF power is applied. These are the results of two travelling waves, forward and reflected. The characteristic impedance of these lines is a pure resistance, usually 50 ohms for useful lines. The main RF circuit of the wattmeter is a short, precision type line section whose characteristic impedance is 50 ohms.
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Chapter 2 Installation Portability When transporting the wattmeter, be sure the range switch is in the “off” position. In any other switch position, there is a slight drain on the 9 V battery. If the unit is to be inactive for more than 2 weeks, remove the battery to avoid damage from possible battery leakage. Handle the plug-in elements with care at all times. Calibration could be disturbed if they are dropped or subjected to hard blows.
Inserting in Transmission Line WARNING Exposure to RF power radiation and the possibility of RF shock or burns exist under some operating conditions. Always turn off transmitter when connecting or disconnecting wattmeter. Be sure transmission line is terminated into a load or antenna. When plug-in element is removed from the RF line socket, the line section center conductor is exposed. Do not put fingers or other objects into the plug-in element socket while RF power is applied.
Chapter 3 Operation Connectors The Series 4410 Wattmeter is normally supplied with two Female N type connectors which are of the Bird Quick-Change “QC” design. Other “QC” connectors are available as listed in the Replacement Parts List. Inserting Elements The plug-in element is inserted into the line section socket and rotated to either stop. A small catch in the lower left hand corner of the casting face presses on the shoulder of the plug-in element and keeps it in proper alignment,refer to figure 3.
RF Power Measurements WARNING Exposure to RF power radiation and the possibility of RF shock or burns exist under some operating conditions. Always turn off transmitter when connecting or disconnecting wattmeter. Be sure transmission line is terminated into a load or antenna. When a Plug-In Element is removed from the RF line socket, the line section center conductor is exposed. Do not put fingers or other objects into the plug-in element socket while RF power is applied.
Zero Meter Before any power measurements are made, be sure the pointer rests on the zero mark. If not, set range switch to OFF position and adjust the zero adjustment screw clockwise or counterclockwise until the pointer rests at the zero mark. This adjusting screw is located at the bottom center of the meter bezel face, refer to figure 6. Figure 6 Zero Adjustment Zero Adjust Screw OFF Battery Test The accuracy of the unit may be affected by a weak battery.
Power Range Coverage Each element is marked with its maximum power range capability, 10 W, 100 W, 1000 W, or 10000 W. Also stamped on the element nameplate is a factor number. The power range switch on the Series 4410 Wattmeter determines the full scale power range to be used. The available switch settings are 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, BATT, and OFF. This switch, when set on a numbered position and multiplied by the element factor number, gives the full scale power value.
10 1.0 .9 .8 .7 VSWR Conversion Nomograph VS WR Figure 7 .6 3. 0 4. 0 .5 2. 5 2. 0 1. 8 .3 1. 5 1. 6 .2 1. 20 1. 25 1. 3 1. 4 .1 .09 .08 .07 1. 1. 10 0 1. 9 08 1. 07 1. 12 1. 16 1. 14 .06 1. 06 .05 1. 05 .04 1. 04 .03 1. 03 REFLECTED POWER - WATTS .4 .02 .01 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.
Figure 8 VSWR Conversion Nomograph 20 18 16 14 VSWR= 12 Reflected Power 1+ Forward Power 1 10 Reflected Power Forward Power 6 VS WR 4 2. 5 3. 0 4. 0 10 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1. 5 1. 6 1. 8 2. 0 1.2 1. 4 1. 3 1.0 1. 25 1. 20 .8 1. 1 1. 6 14 1. 12 REFLECTED POWER - WATTS 8 1. 1 1. 0 0 1. 9 08 1. 07 .6 1. 05 1. 06 .4 .2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.
Performance Notes The Series 4410 wattmeter is sensitive to the presence of amplitude modulated signals and this can affect the accuracy. However, small amounts of AM (up to 10%) are tolerable, but for every 1% of AM, the inaccuracy of the reading may increase by up to 1% beyond the rated accuracy. Use above 10% AM is not recommended. The stated accuracy does not include the effect of the less-thaninfinite directivity of the element used.
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Chapter 4 Maintenance The Series 4410 Thruline Wattmeter is of very rugged construction and requires little care and maintenance. Maintenance of the wattmeter is normally limited to cleaning. The amount of cleaning necessary can be minimized by keeping the plug-in element or the shipping slug in the socket of the line section. This serves as an effective seal against the entry of dust and dirt. Cover the socket opening when the element is removed.
Meter & Meter Housing Clean the meter and meter housing using a cloth dampened with a mild detergent solution. Do this only when necessary and take care not to allow water to enter any of the circuitry as damage may result. Battery Care The Model 4410 & 4410A will operate for a minimum of 24 hours from one 9 volt alkaline battery. The battery test is used to determine when to replace the battery. Follow the instructions in the Battery Replacement section to install a new battery.
Troubleshooting The Series 4410 Thruline Wattmeter is designed for independent, long term, trouble free operation. In case of malfunction or for replacement of a major component —particularly if it is still under warranty—return the unit to the factory. Do not tamper with the calibration setting or do other unauthorized maintenance work during the first year, or you may void the warranty. Test and calibration in the field may be performed as described in the Calibration paragraph.
Meter Replacement 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Remove back cover. Loosen the two #8-32 nuts on the back of the meter that secure the meter leads. Remove the leads. Remove the two #10-32 oval head phillips screws that secure the meter shock ring. Note: These screws are located on each side of the meter housing just opposite the meter. Pull the meter out of the back of the housing. Remove the meter retaining ring and shock mount. Replace the meter by reversing the procedure above.
Customer Service Any maintenance or service procedure beyond the scope of those in this chapter should be referred to a qualified service center. If the unit needs to be returned for any reason, request an RMA through the Bird Technologies website. All instruments returned must be shipped prepaid and to the attention of the RMA number. Bird Service Center 30303 Aurora Road Cleveland (Solon), Ohio 44139-2794 Fax: (440) 248-5426 E-mail: bsc@bird-technologies.
Shipment Should you need to return the power meter, use the original shipping package if possible. If the original package is not available, use a heavy duty corrugated box with shock-absorbing material around all sides of the unit to provide firm cushion and to prevent movement in the container. The container should be properly sealed. Calibration This procedure provides a means for complete calibration of the Series 4410 Thruline Wattmeter Assembly.
Sine Wave Generator Coaxial Cable BNC "T" Adapter Wattmeter Under Test Coaxial Cable Plug-in Calibration Device A.C.
Calibration Environment In order to assure the best results obtainable, the following environmental conditions must be provided to the utmost degree practical. 1. The work space must be free from electrical noise and radiated signals. The area in which the calibration is to be performed may be checked for spurious radiation with a Bird Model 43 Thruline Wattmeter equipped with a Model 4030 relative field strength element. Be sure the gain on the Model 4030 is set at maximum.
1. 2. 3. Connect the sine wave generator, the calibration element (P/N 4410-070), as shown in figure 9, Calibration Set-Up. Turn on the ac voltmeter and sine wave generator. Adjust the output to 1.591 ±0.0005 volts RMS at 1000 Hz ± 100 Hz. make sure that the generator’s “symmetry”, “offset”, and “waveform” controls are set to provide a symmetrical sine wave with zero DC offset.
Figure 10 Calibration Potentiometer X Calibration Potentiometer Access Hole 24
Replacement Parts List Item Qty Description Part Number 1 1 Meter, DC 2080-066 2 1 Instrumentation Module Assembly (Includes line section and instrumentation) 4410A205 3 1 Strap (Included in housing assembly) 8580A003 4 1 Selector Switch Knob 4401A014 5 1 Meter Housing Assembly 4410-003 6 1 Meter Housing Cover Assembly 4410-039 7 1 Battery Model 4410 & 4410A (Alkaline) Model 4412A (NiMH) 5-1357 5A1587 Fuse, 100A 250V Model 4412 A5-1976-6 Power Cord / Converter, 4412A 120V 2
Specifications Insertion VSWR 1.05 maximum, 0-1GHz equipped with Female N connectors (32.3 dB return loss) Over Ranging 120% of element power rating regardless of selector switch setting (Certain connector types limited to rating of connector) Power Range† 2mW to 10W, 20mW to 100W, 200mW to 1000W or 2W to 10kW full scale in one Plug-in element. Any Bird 4410-series element may be used. Frequency Range† 200kHz to 2.3GHz CW or FM. Select from 4410series elements only.
Limited Warranty All products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year, unless otherwise specified, from date of shipment and to conform to applicable specifications, drawings, blueprints and/or samples.
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