Version 8.0 Part No. 308679-A Rev.
Copyright © 1999 Nortel Networks All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. December 1999. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document.
EC Declaration of Conformity This product conforms (or these products conform) to the provisions of Council Directive 89/336/EEC and 73/23/EEC. The Declaration of Conformity is available on the Nortel Networks World Wide Web site at http://libra2.corpwest.baynetworks.com/cgi-bin/ndCGI.exe/DocView/. Japan/Nippon Requirements Only Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement Taiwan Requirements ABureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) Statement 308679-A Rev.
Canada Requirements Only Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations This digital apparatus () does not exceed the Class A limits for radio-noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Avertissement: L'utilisateur ne doit pas tenter de faire ces raccordements lui-même; il doit avoir recours à un service d'inspection des installations électriques, ou à un électricien, selon le cas. Avis: Veuillez prendre note que pour tout appareillage supportant des lignes de type “loopstart,” l'indice d'équivalence de la sonnerie (IES) assigné à chaque dispositif terminal indique le nombre maximal de terminaux qui peuvent être raccordés à une interface.
4. If you experience trouble with the unit, please contact the Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Center in your area for service or repairs. Repairs should be performed only by service personnel authorized by Nortel Networks. United States Valbonne, France Sydney, Australia Tokyo, Japan 5. 1-800-2LANWAN 33-4-92-96-69-68 61-2-9927-8800 81-3-5402-0180 You are required to notify the telephone company when you disconnect the unit from the network. Nortel Networks NA Inc.
will meet the Licensee’s requirements, b) that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select, c) that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free, or d) that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected. Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release.
Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement, contact Nortel Networks, 4401 Great America Parkway, P.O. Box 58185, Santa Clara, California 95054-8185. LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Model 5399 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Module Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 System 5000 Common Management Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents lat_key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ports . . .
Figures Figure 1-1. Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Figure 1-2. The Model 5399 as a Remote Access Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Figure 1-3. Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8 Figure 2-1. Model 5399 Jumper and Connector Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1-1. Annunciator Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2. Module Status LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3. Network Status and Alarm LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preface This guide describes how to install a Nortel Networks 5399 Access Switch in a Nortel Networks System 5000 chassis. Note: The Access Switch product name appears only on the title page. Whenever the term Remote Access Concentrator (RAC) appears in this document, it refers to the Nortel Networks 5399 or 8000 Access Switch.
Nortel Networks 5399 Access Switch Hardware Installation Guide Appendix B Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions Describes how to install and remove modem cards on the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator. Text Conventions This manual uses the following conventions: Convention: Represents: special type In examples, special type indicates system output. special type Bold special type indicates user input.
Preface Convention: Represents: Warnings inform you about conditions that can have adverse effects on processing. Cautions notify you about dangerous conditions. Hard-Copy Technical Manuals You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product.
Nortel Networks 5399 Access Switch Hardware Installation Guide How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.
Chapter 1 Introduction The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module is a dial-in remote access server that supports mixed traffic, such as analog modems, V.120 ISDN Terminal Adapters, and devices supporting synchronous PPP. The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator module is designed to operate within the Bay Networks Lattice System 5000 Series Hub. Figure 1-1 illustrates a Model 5399. WAN 2 WAN 1 Figure 1-1.
Chapter 1 Introduction Remote Network Access The Model 5399 provides remote network access to the following networks (see Figure 1-2): • Novell Netware • TCP/IP • AppleTalk DEC IBM UNIX Corporate LAN Ethernet Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Novell Server Apple Macintosh Channelized T1, Channelized E1 or PRI ISDN Lines Central Office Up to 60 Analog, V.120, or Synchronous PPP Lines Figure 1-2.
Chapter 1 • VMS hosts (using LAT) • IBM hosts (using TN3270) Introduction The Remote Access Concentrator supports Windows NT® host tools. Remote Annex Server Tools for Windows NT® allows you to boot and configure the Remote Access Concentrator on a Windows NT® network. For more information, refer to the Remote Annex Server Tools for Windows NT® User Guide.
Chapter 1 Modems Introduction The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module can be configured with up to 62 internal DSP-based digital modems. The modems are dynamically downloaded with images to configure them to the appropriate protocol. The modems are located on plug-in modem cards installed on the module.
Chapter 1 Introduction Within a segment bank, the specific segment to which a Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator module is connected is determined by setting the segment selection DIP switch on the module. For more information, see “Setting the Backplane Ethernet Segment” on page 2-3.
Chapter 1 Introduction • Modify and display a set of configuration parameters stored in EEPROM. • Execute interactive diagnostic tests. • Receive information and statistics for the hardware configuration and the network. • Boot the Remote Access Concentrator manually. Once the Remote Access Concentrator has obtained a boot image and is booted, the service port terminal leaves the ROM monitor and displays the Console monitor (for more details, see Chapter 2).
Chapter 1 Introduction Front Panel The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator’s front panel consists of: • Annunciator LED • Segment Connection LEDs • Module Status LEDs • WAN 1 Network Status, Alarm, and Port Usage LEDs • WAN 2 Network Status, Alarm, and Port Usage LEDs • WAN 1 Port Connector • WAN 2 Port Connector Figure 1-3 illustrates the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator’s front panel. The front panel components are described in the following paragraphs.
Chapter 1 Introduction Annunciator Segment Connection LEDs Module Status LEDs Network Status, Alarm, and Port Usage LEDs WAN 2 WAN 2 Port WAN 2 WAN 1 WAN 1 WAN 1 Port Figure 1-3. Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Front Panel Front Panel Components Annunciator 1-8 The Annunciator backlights the model number of the module and indicates, by its color, the operational condition of the module. Table 1-1 describes the Annunciator conditions.
Chapter 1 Introduction Table 1-1. Annunciator Conditions Color Operational Condition Green The module is performing normally. Amber Some portion of the module has failed, or the module is being initialized. Off The module is not receiving +5 volt power, or the power level is below the reset limit (4.65 volts). Segment Connection LEDs The Segment Connection LEDs indicate which backplane Ethernet LAN segments are being used.
Chapter 1 Introduction Network Status and Alarm LEDs LED Description Load Turns green when the Remote Access Concentrator is loading the operational image or dumping a RAM image if there is a failure. The LED turns amber if a load error is detected. The Network Status and Alarm LEDs display network activity during system operation. Table 1-3 describes the alarms. There are two sets of Network Status and Alarm LEDs, one set for each WAN port.
Chapter 1 Introduction Port Usage LEDs The Port Usage LEDs, labelled 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, indicate the approximate percentage of B channels that are being utilized. There are two sets of Port Usage LEDs, one set for each WAN Port. These LEDs are normally green. If all available B channels are in use, they turn amber until at least one call disconnects. WAN Interface Ports The two WAN interface ports provide access to Channelized T1, Channelized E1, or ISDN PRI lines.
Chapter 1 Introduction Physical Characteristics The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator module has the following characteristics: • Dimensions: Height: 19 in. (47.5 cm) Width: 1.2 in. (3 cm) Depth: 11 in. (27.5 cm) • Weight: 10 lbs (4.5 kg). • • 1-12 Electrical Specifications: • Power Consumption: 90 W at 48 VDC • Thermal Rating: 307 BTU/hr maximum Environment: • Operating temperature: 5° to 40°C. • Non-operating temperature: -25° to 65°C.
Chapter 1 • • • Introduction Transportation vibration and shock: NSTA project 1A standard in shipping container. Approvals: • Meets safety requirements of Underwriters Laboratories for UL 1950 and CSA C22.2 No. 950. • Meets EMI requirements of FCC Class A and EN55022 Class A with shielded and unshielded cables. • Meets US and Canadian Telcom requirements per FCC Part 68 and IC CS-03. MTBF: 50,000 hrs. (estimated), calculated @ 25°C (Mil Std 217).
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module T his chapter describes how to install your Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module hardware and software, and connect it to a System 5000 Hub.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module • An appropriate subnet mask • A host with Model 5399 software installed (if not booting from FLASH memory) The Model 5399 can receive its operational image from any one of these sources: • A UNIX host running erpcd • FLASH memory (self boot) • Another Model 5399 configured as a boot host • Any host supporting TFTP • A Windows NT host running erpcd The Remote Access Concentrator supports Windows NT® host tools.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator This section describes how to install the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module in a System 5000 Hub. Installing the Model 5399 involves seating the backplane connectors to the Model 5000 Hub backplane and verifying the installation. Preparing for Hardware Installation This section explains how to prepare the Model 5399 for installation in the chassis.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Jumper Card DIP Switch S1 ON 1 2 3 4 5 6 Figure 2-1. Model 5399 Jumper and Connector Locations Ethernet Segment Bank Selector The Ethernet segment bank selector (see Figure 2-1), consisting of three rows of 20 pins (labeled J5, J21 and J22) and a jumper card, determines whether the module connects to Ethernet segments 1 through 6 or segments 7 through 12 at power up.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module When the jumper card is installed between J5 and J21, the printed circuit card handle is nearest the front of the module. To install the jumper card between J5 and J22, remove the jumper card, rotate it 180 degrees (so that the printed circuit card handle is nearest the back of the module) and push it onto the pins (see Figure 2-1).
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Table 2-2.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Figure 2-2. Inserter/Extractor Lever 4. Align the top and bottom edges of the module in the card guides of the target slot, and push the module into the chassis until the inserter/extractor levers just engage the front edges of the chassis (see Figure 2-3).
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Figure 2-3. Inserting the Module 5. Seat the module backplane connectors by simultaneously pushing the inserter/extractor levers toward the center of the module front panel (see Figure 2-4). When the front panel of the module is flush with the front of the chassis, the module backplane connectors are properly seated.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Figure 2-4. Seating Module Connectors 6. Tighten the captive retaining screws at both ends of the module front panel.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Testing the Installation After installing and connecting the Remote Access Concentrator, verify that you have performed the installation correctly by observing the LED indicators and system operation displays on the front panel of the Remote Access Concentrator (see Figure 2-5).
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module The Model Remote Access Concentrator performs a series of self-test diagnostics each time it is reset or powered up. These tests take about a minute to complete and cannot be deactivated. While these tests are running, the annunciator remains amber. The annunciator changes to green upon successful test completion. For information about possible error conditions, see Chapter 4.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module • • • Attn: The Attn LED should be off. The Attn LED turns green if the Remote Access Concentrator is in Monitor Mode. If the Attn LED is amber or flashing, one of the following failures has occurred: • Hardware failure. Contact technical support. • Network or network interface failure. Error message displays on the terminal. If a network or network interface failure occurs, typing q accesses the ROM Monitor prompt.
Chapter 2 1. Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Plug the cable into the WAN Interface port located on the front panel of the Remote Access Concentrator (Figure 2-6). When the connector clicks into place, the connection is secure. Port Pins and Signals on page A-1 describes the WAN Interface port’s signal/pin allocation. For T1 applications, the Remote Access Concentrator utilizes an internal Channel Service Unit (CSU). An internal CSU is not used in E1 applications. Figure 2-6.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Connecting a Service Port Terminal If your network does not include a BOOTP or RARP server, you must connect a terminal to the service port on the System 5000 chassis front panel and manually configure the Remote Access Concentrator before booting.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Table 2-3. Service Port Pin Assignments Terminal DB-9 DB-25 Function To Service Port Function DB-9 Pins 2 3 Receive data 2 Transmit data 3 2 Transmit data 3 Receive data 5 7 Signal ground 5 Signal ground RS-232 signals on other pins, such as DTR, CTS, and CD, are ignored. Connecting the Terminal To connect the terminal to the service port, follow these steps: 1.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Model 5399 Slot Selection Menu 01/15/97, 10:19:32 AM Slot 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Status: On-line Configuring Other (removed) Off-line Booting On-line Module Description: 5310 Ethernet NMM 5308 Ethernet Host 5308 Ethernet Host 5308 Ethernet Host 5308 Ethernet Host 5308 Ethernet Host 5308 Ethernet Host Off-line 5399 Remote Access Concentrator c - Connect to slot (Press CTRL-T to break connection) s - Select Supervisory Mo
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Initial Setup and Using the ROM Monitor After installing the Remote Access Concentrator software on the file server host, collect the following information, which is required to determine the unit’s boot parameters: • The location (directory path) of the download files on the host (tftp only). • Whether the Remote Access Concentrator and host are on the same subnet or separated by one or more routers.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Remote Access Concentrator Parameters The Remote Access Concentrator requires that you set certain parameters from the ROM monitor before booting the unit from a host. Once the Remote Access Concentrator is booted, you can change these parameters using the na utility. Any changes to these parameters will require the unit to be rebooted to take effect. Table 2-4 provides a brief description of these parameters. Table 2-4.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Initializing the Remote Access Concentrator This section describes how to set up the Remote Access Concentrator, make the connection to the System 5000 Hub for the first time, and enter Monitor Mode to configure the module. To initialize the Remote Access Concentrator and enter Monitor Mode: 1. Use a terminal connected to the chassis service port to verify that the Remote Access Concentrator is operating properly.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module 6. Press the space bar within 10 seconds. After a few seconds, the following message is displayed: Monitor Mode selected, please wait for Confidence tests to complete. After about a minute, the following message is displayed, followed by the monitor prompt: System Reset - Entering Monitor Mode monitor:: 7. If you want to clear out the stored parameters from a previously used slot (reset the hub slot), continue on with Step 8.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module 13. Press y. The Module Information menu is displayed. 14. Press Escape twice. The Slot Selection menu is displayed. 15. Press c and the slot number. 16. Verify the Remote Access Concentrator hardware configuration by typing config and pressing Return at the monitor prompt.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module 17. To verify and record the unit’s Ethernet address, type addr -d and press Return at the monitor prompt: The screen display looks similar to this: monitor:: addr -d Ethernet address (hex): 00-80-2d-XX-XX-XX Internet address: Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0 Broadcast address: 0.0.0.0 Preferred Load Host address: Preferred Dump Host address: 0.0.0.0 Load/Dump Gateway address: 0.0.0.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Booting the Remote Access Concentrator You can boot the operational software by downloading the image from a host system or another Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator, or by using the image contained in Flash memory (self-boot). However, before actually booting the unit, you must first initialize the IP address parameters either manually or by using the auto-initialize feature.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module If all requests fail, the Remote Access Concentrator will return to the ROM monitor (if in Test mode) or continue the auto-initializing procedure indefinitely (if in normal mode).
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module When the Remote Access Concentrator receives a BOOTP response with the sm, gw, and ip set, it sets the respective parameters: subnet_mask, load_dump_gateway, and inet_addr. The Vendor Magic Cookie must be set to auto.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module The host serving the Remote Access Concentrator its boot information must be running on the same subnet as the Remote Access Concentrator because the Remote Access Concentrator broadcasts BOOTP and RARP queries using the “this network” IP address, 255.255.255.255. If BOOTP and RARP fail, the Remote Access Concentrator transmits an IPX Advertisement Request for Service.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Booting Using BFS Perform the following steps to boot the Remote Access Concentrator using BFS: 1. Initialize the IP address parameters using either the auto-initialize or manual initialize method. The auto-initialization method is described in “Auto-initializing the IP Address Parameters” on page 2-23. The manual initialization method is described in “Manually Initializing the IP Address Parameters” on page 2-26. 2.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module The download takes between 30 and 60 seconds for a Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator booting over the local network. After the download is complete, the Power, Unit, and Net LEDs remain on. If these LEDs do not remain on (indicating a problem), see Chapter 4. Once the Remote Access Concentrator is booted, Monitor Mode is no longer operational.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Booting Using TFTP The procedures detailed in this section assume that your TFTP daemon (tftpd) is started in /etc/inetd.conf (or other appropriate directory on your system) with a configuration line similar to this: tftp dgram udp wait root /usr/etc/in.tftpd in.tftpd -s/tftpboot If you leave off the -s /tftpboot, a chroot will not be done, and your system will be insecure.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Image name: Default: “oper.64.enet” Enter Image name::oper.64.enet Image name: “oper.64.enet” TFTP load directory: Enter TFTP load directory::/annex TFTP Dump path/filename: Default : “dump.134.117.6.34” Enter TFTP Dump path/filename::/annex/mydumpfile Using current TFTP Dump path/filename. monitor:: 3. Issue the following commands to prepare the tftp dump file.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Self-booting the Remote Access Concentrator The Remote Access Concentrator comes equipped with Flash memory that contains an operational image you can use to self-boot the module. To self-boot your Remote Access Concentrator, perform the following steps: 1. Initialize the IP address parameters using the manual initialize method.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Booting from a Windows NT® Host To boot the Remote Access Concentrator from a Windows NT ® host, you must have Remote Annex Server Tools for Windows NT ® installed. Remote Annex Server Tools for Windows NT ® uses the expedited remote procedure call daemon (erpcd) running on a Windows NT® server. Erpcd responds to all Remote Access Concentrator boot and dump requests.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Installing to and Loading from a UNIX Host This section contains a description of what you need to do to install the Remote Access Concentrator module’s operational software and image to a UNIX host. See the Remote Annex Administrator’s Guide for UNIX for more details. 1. Install the image on a UNIX host. The software installation notes describe how to do this.
Chapter 2 Installing the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module Invoking the Console Monitor After the image boots, you can invoke the Console Monitor by pressing Return on the service port terminal. The following prompt appears: Console monitor: At the Console Monitor prompt, entering help or ? displays the available options: 2-34 • afd (displays the status of the Automatic Firmware Download process - used only for the WAN interfaces).
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands T his chapter describes the ROM Monitor commands that are available in Monitor Mode. Access these commands through a terminal connected to the service port (located on the front of the hub chassis). The ROM Monitor commands allow you to set a subset of the configuration (EEPROM) parameters.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands Default or current values for parameters are displayed in brackets. For example: Enter broadcast address [132.245.6.255]: At the prompt, enter a different value, or press value unchanged. Return to leave the displayed You can use unique abbreviations for all ROM Monitor commands except erase. For example, enter boot as bo, and enter net as n.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands Table 3-1. ROM Monitor Commands (continued) Command Description Use config Displays the current hardware configuration and revision levels. Identifying your hardware, memory, and ROM versions. erase Erases non-volatile memory. Clearing out old parameters. help Displays the list of ROM Monitor commands. Referencing the ROM monitor commands. image [-d | ] Displays and/or sets the load image and tftp load dump names.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands addr The addr command displays and sets several Remote Access Concentrator operating parameters (EEPROM values) relevant to IP network addressing: • Internet address. • Subnet mask. • Broadcast address. • Preferred Load Host address. • Preferred Dump Host address. • Load/Dump Gateway address. • Type of IP Packet encapsulation. • Load Broadcast The addr -d command displays the unit’s ROM-resident Ethernet address in hexadecimal notation.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The addr command display looks similar to this: monitor:: addr Enter Internet address []:: 192.9.200.214 Internet address: 192.9.200.214 Enter Subnet mask [255.255.255.0]:: Enter Broadcast address [0.0.0.0]:: 192.9.200.0 Broadcast address: 192.9.200.0 Enter Preferred Load Host address []:: 192.9.201.88 Preferred Load Host address: 192.9.200.88 Enter Preferred Dump Host address [0.0.0.0]:: 192.9.201.88 Preferred Dump Host address: 192.9.200.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The Remote Access Concentrator must have an Internet (IP) address in its memory before it can load its operational image across the Ethernet via the IP protocol. Therefore, you must enter the IP address before booting the Remote Access Concentrator from a UNIX load host. If you do not define a subnet mask, the Remote Access Concentrator uses the generic mask for the specified IP address.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands You can specify the IP encapsulation type as either ethernet for DIX Ethernet-II, or ieee802 for IEEE 802.2/802.3. The default IP encapsulation is ethernet. All systems that have Ethernet interfaces are IEEE 802.3 compliant, but very few actually do 802.3 packet encapsulation. Do not change this parameter unless you know absolutely that your Ethernet hosts are using 802.2/802.3 packet encapsulation.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands boot The boot command requests the loading of appropriate Remote Access Concentrator operating software from a cooperating host on the network or from Flash memory. The command syntax is: boot [–lv | filename] Typing the letter q or Control -C interrupts the boot. A successful boot disables the ROM Monitor. The boot command accepts a file name for the Remote Access Concentrator’s image.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The Remote Access Concentrator boots from the defined preferred load host. If the preferred load host is not defined or does not respond, the Remote Access Concentrator optionally broadcasts on the Ethernet and loads from the first host that responds, if the Load Broadcast flag is set. To initiate loading, the Remote Access Concentrator sends a load request message to the selected host.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The status word “! ~XXXX~”, where XXXX are four hexadecimal digits, decodes as follows: 8000 = Command complete 4000 = Chip is busy 2000 = Command completed without error 1000 = Command aborted issuance of an ABORT command 800 = Late collision detected 400 = Carrier lost 200 = CTS lost 100 = DMA underrun 80 = Transmission deferred because link was busy 40 = Collision detected during interframe spacing (SQE/Heartbeat detected) 20 = Excessive collisions 10 = Reserved The lowe
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The next example shows a boot using tftp. The Remote Access Concentrator always tries to open a file using bfs first. If unsuccessful, the Remote Access Concentrator uses tftp to open the file. monitor:: boot Enter boot file name [(ip) “oper.64.enet”, \ (mop) “OPER_64_ENET.SYS”]:: Waiting for CMB Config Block Info... Requesting default boot file “OPER_64_ENET.SYS” for MOP/VMS\ loads and “oper.64.enet” for all other protocols.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The boot –l command downloads and saves the operational image to RAM, erases the existing Flash memory, copies the new image from RAM to Flash memory in compressed form, and then executes the image. After executing a boot –l, the ls command may not show the newly-loaded image. If this happens, the image is not stored in Flash memory. This indicates that you could have a problem with your Flash memory.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands Use boot –l only when reloading your Flash memory. Typically, you reload your Flash memory when you are upgrading to a new version of software. The boot –v command displays the boot in verbose mode. This output includes the turnaround time in milliseconds for each request. This value equals the time lapse between sending the request and receiving the proper reply from the host.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands config The config command displays the current configuration information and revision levels for the Remote Access Concentrator. The config command displays revision information, the amount of memory installed, T1 or E1 configuration information, and a description of the number and type of modems installed.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands erase The erase command erases the contents of non-volatile memory (EEPROM memory). Erasing EEPROM restores all parameters to factory default values. The syntax is: erase The erase command prompts for confirmation before erasing the non-volatile (EEPROM) memory. The erase command does not erase the Ethernet address.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands help Entering help, or ?, displays brief descriptions of the Remote Access Concentrator ROM Monitor commands.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands image The image command sets and displays the name of the image file containing the Remote Access Concentrator’s software. The syntax is: image [–d | filename] The filename argument permits up to 100 characters. To return the image name to its default, enter a pair of double-quote characters (""). The default image name is oper.64.enet. The image command display looks like this: monitor:: image Enter Image name: [(ip)"oper.64.enet", \ (mop) "OPER_64_ENET.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands lat_key The lat_key command allows you to set the LAT key from the ROM monitor. The lat_key is optional and may be purchased separately.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands net The net command executes an Ethernet transceiver loopback test on the local area network. The command syntax is: net When you enter the net command, you are prompted for the segment as shown in the following example: monitor:: net Enter Segment to be used (1-6) [1]: 1 This transceiver loopback test sends out a short test packet from the Remote Access Concentrator through the transceiver to test the integrity of the network.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands ping The ping command sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) mandatory ECHO_REQUEST datagram to elicit an ICMP ECHO_RESPONSE from a host or gateway. ECHO_REQUEST datagrams (pings) have an IP and ICMP header, followed by a structured time value and an arbitrary number of pad bytes that fill out the packet.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands ports The ports command tests the WAN interface port. The syntax is: ports To test the WAN port, the interface must be connected to a loopback plug. No external clocking is required. When invoked, the command displays a menu of options. The following is a sample screen display for a T1 (24 modems) or E1 (32 modems) version of the Remote Access Concentrator. monitor:: ports Some Important Notes: - These tests require the WAN port to have a loopback plug installed.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands sequence The sequence command edits the load/dump interface list. This list determines the order of the network interfaces the Remote Access Concentrator will use for loading and dumping. The default, net, uses the LAN interface. If the Remote Access Concentrator fails to boot using the first interface, it will try the next interface. The command syntax is: sequence [–d] | [interface[,interface]. . .] Specify the LAN interface by selecting net.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands The sequence –d command displays the current load/dump interface list. You cannot specify both the –d argument and the interface list with the same command.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands stats The stats command displays current network statistics gathered by the ROM. Use stats along with the boot command to help isolate problems. Table 3-2 describes the network statistics displayed by the stats command.
Chapter 3 ROM Monitor Commands Table 3-2. Network Statistics (continued) Statistic Description Bus Wait Drops The number of packets dropped due to waiting too long for a bus to become available. Bad Types/Lengths The number of unknown packet types if Ethernet DIX encapsulation is being used. The number of packets with illegal lengths if IEEE 802.2/802.3 encapsulation is being used. Frames Sent The number of frames sent.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures T his chapter describes front panel alarms and LED indicators, power-up and booting, troubleshooting during booting, and the file created from a Remote Access Concentrator dump. Front Panel Alarms and LED Indicators The Model 5399’s front panel contains a number of LEDs that provide information about normal operations and about problems that occur. Use these LEDs and the ROM Monitor commands to diagnose problems.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Refer to Table 4-1 for a description of the LEDs located on the front of the Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator Module. Table 4-1. Model 5399 Front Panel LEDs LED(s) Description Annunciator The Annunciator backlights the model number of the module and indicates, by its color, the operational condition of the module. The conditions are: Green - The module is performing normally. Amber - Some portion of the module has failed, or the module is being initialized.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-1. Model 5399 Front Panel LEDs (continued) LED(s) Description Module Status LEDs (continued) Load - Turns green when the Remote Access Concentrator is loading the operational image or dumping a RAM image if there is a failure. The LED turns amber if a load error is detected. Network Status LEDs TEST - The network TEST indicator is ON (amber) when the WAN Interface is looped back.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-1. Model 5399 Front Panel LEDs (continued) Port Usage LEDs The Port Usage LEDs, labeled 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, indicate the approximate percentage of B channels that are being utilized. There are two sets of Port Usage LEDs, one set for each WAN Port. These LEDs are normally green. If all available B channels are in use, they turn amber until at least one call disconnects.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-2. Troubleshooting Guide Condition Possible Cause Corrective Action Annunciator is amber. You reset the module or cycled power by removing the module and reinserting it. None required. The annunciator should turn green when the module successfully completes the power-up diagnostics. Annunciator is amber. Detectable module component failure.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-2. Troubleshooting Guide (continued) Condition Possible Cause Corrective Action Annunciator is off; other module annunciators are on; chassis LEDs are on. No power to module (blown fuse); failed DC-to-DC converter). Replace the module. The Attn and Unit Module Status LEDs are amber. The Remote Access Concentrator did not pass its diagnostics or is not working normally. Reset the Remote Access Concentrator.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Boot Failures The procedures for troubleshooting a power-up failure established that: • The hardware is functional. • The Ethernet interface is functional. • The Remote Access Concentrator can communicate with the Ethernet. If the Remote Access Concentrator still is not booted, you must pinpoint the problem. The boot error report can help in this process.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Boot Error Report If an error occurs, a Remote Access Concentrator boot error report is generated only if the Remote Access Concentrator has opened the boot file. The report is displayed using the following format: BOOT ERROR REPORT (for BFS files only) Boot attempt from host nn.nn.nn.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-3. Errors from Last ERPC Layer Invocation Error Description H/W errors The Remote Access Concentrator sensed a hardware error during message transmission or reception. This error indicates a fault with the Remote Access Concentrator LAN interface. Use the net command to isolate the problem (see “net” on page 3-19). Msgs from wrong host The Remote Access Concentrator received a message from an incorrect host.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Table 4-5. Errors from Last Open Request Error Description ARP errors Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) errors indicate that the Remote Access Concentrator is configured to boot from a specified host, but the host would not transmit its Ethernet address to the Remote Access Concentrator. Possibly, the Remote Access Concentrator configuration includes the wrong IP encapsulation, or the subnet mask is misconfigured on the host or the Remote Access Concentrator.
Chapter 4 • Troubleshooting Procedures The IP encapsulation type. All systems that have Ethernet interfaces are IEEE 802.3 compliant, but very few actually do 802.3 (LLC/SNAP) packet encapsulation. Use the default, Ethernet, unless you know absolutely that your LAN does 802.2/802.3 (LLC/SNAP) packet encapsulation. You can use the defaults for the name of the image file containing the Remote Access Concentrator’s software and the address of the preferred load server host.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures UNIX Host on the LAN When troubleshooting a UNIX host on the LAN, make sure that: • The host is booted and functioning properly. • The host can communicate with other network nodes using standard UNIX networking features and utilities. • All Remote Access Concentrator software is installed properly on the host. See the Software Installation Notes that come with the Remote Access Concentrator software release.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures When the Remote Access Concentrator boots in Monitor Mode, the service port terminal displays the load server host’s Internet address, and indicates whether it receives a response to its Open File Request and to any of its Read File Requests. The host’s progress report indicates receipt of any File Server Requests and its responses to such requests. The host displays erpc_return 0 if it successfully receives a request and is sending out an affirmative response.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures 1. Stop the erpcds service from the Control Panel. Then open a DOS command shell and manually start erpcd with the -D option. 2. Place the Remote Access Concentrator into Monitor Mode. (This resets the Remote Access Concentrator, so warn users before you do it.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Remote Access Concentrator Dumps The Remote Access Concentrator dumps its memory image to a host running load server software when certain software or hardware events occur. Dump files are generated for use by technical support personnel only. Events that trigger Remote Access Concentrator dumps are: • Non-recoverable hardware or software errors. • Software fails to reset the Remote Access Concentrator’s watchdog timer.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures For hosts that may limit file names to 14 characters (e.g., System V hosts), a dump creates two additional directories under /usr/spool/erpcd/bfs. The name of the first directory is dump; the second directory uses the Remote Access Concentrator’s IP network address as its name. The dump file uses the Remote Access Concentrator’s IP host address as its name. For example: /usr/spool/erpcd/bfs/dump/192.9.200/5. The tftp dump names are user-defined.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Conditions for Replacing a Module Replace a Remote Access Concentrator with another module of the same type under any of the following conditions: • If the annunciator on the module front panel remains off, indicating that the module is not receiving +5 volt power or that the power level is below the reset limit (4.65 volts) when other modules in the hub are receiving normal operating power. For more information, see Table 4-2.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures The supervisory module, located in slot 0 of the 5000 hub, performs several functions for the hub and the modules installed in the hub. The supervisory module stores the primary configurations of all modules installed in the hub. Each user-installed module also stores a working copy of its configuration information. When a change is made to this working copy, the module stores the new user configuration in its onboard nonvolatile memory.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures To preserve the configuration parameters of the Remote Access Concentrator module you are replacing, follow the procedures in “Preparing for a Hot Swap” on page 4-19 (below) and “Completing the Hot Swap” on page 4-22. Verify that the backplane segment bank selector is set for the correct segment bank before installing a replacement module. For more information on jumper and switch settings, see Chapter 2.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures There are two methods of writing the EEPROM information to the host file: • Whenever a change is made to EEPROM, a 5 minute timer is started. When the timer expires, the contents of the EEPROM memory are copied to an internal buffer in the Remote Access Concentrator RAM and encrypted. The file is then transferred to the host specified in the configuration parameter pref_dump_addr. The filename used to store the EEPROM information on the host is params.n.n.n.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Removing a Module To remove a Remote Access Concentrator, follow these steps: 1. Using the flat-tip screwdriver, loosen the two captive retaining screws on the module until they pop free of the chassis. 2. Push the top and bottom inserter/extractor levers away from the center of the Remote Access Concentrator front panel to release the module from the backplane connector. 3. Slide the module out of the chassis.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Procedures Completing the Hot Swap To complete the hot swap of the Remote Access Concentrator: 1. Verify that the jumper settings on the replacement module are the same as the settings on the original module. 2. Use the procedures outlined in Chapter 2 to insert the replacement module into the System 5000 chassis. 3. Boot the replacement Remote Access Concentrator.
Appendix A Port Pins and Signals T his appendix identifies the signals and the associated pins used by the Remote Access Concentrator’s WAN Interface ports. WAN Interface Ports The Model 5399 Remote Access Concentrator is equipped with two WAN Interface ports. Figure A-1 illustrates a WAN Interface port connector. Table A-1 lists the port’s pin/signal allocations. 1 8 Figure A-1. WAN Interface Port Connector Table A-1.
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions T he Model 5399 supports up to 62 internal digital modems. The modems are located on plug-in cards that reside on the module. This chapter describes how to install digital modem cards to upgrade the number of modems on the module. This chapter also describes how to remove modem cards from the module.
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions Module Removal Instructions Observe handling precautions: digital telecommunications cable(s). The following instructions describe how to remove the Remote Access Concentrator module from the hub. Figure B-1 illustrates the instructions. 1. Disconnect the WAN cables. 2. Loosen the two captive screws. 3. Disengage the module from the backplane by simultaneously pushing the inserter/extractor levers towards the outside of the module front panel (see Figure B-1).
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions Modem Card Installation Instructions Observe handling precautions: electrostatic-sensitive devices. The following instructions describe how to install the modem cards onto the Remote Access Concentrator module (see Figure B-2). 1. Find the locations on the module in which the modem cards are installed. 2. On the modem cards, find the blank connector position labeled JP1. 3.
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions JP1 JP1 Figure B-2.
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions Removing Modem Cards Occasionally it may be necessary to remove modem cards from the Remote Access Concentrator module (for example, if a modem card fails and needs to be replaced). On the Remote Access Concentrator module, there are two locations that can accommodate modem cards (up to 62 modems total). The following instructions detail how to remove a modem card from the Remote Access Concentrator. Figure B-3 illustrates the instructions. 1.
Appendix B Modem Upgrade Instructions Modem Card Removal Figure B-3.
Index A connecting a WAN interface 2-12 to the System 5000 hub 2-19 addr command 3-4 auto-initializing the IP address parameters 2-23 B console monitor invoking 2-34 customer support xvii backplane Ethernet segment setting the 2-3 D backplane Ethernet segment banks 1-4 default configuration for a module 4-17 boot command 3-2, 3-8 examples 3-13 dump files 4-15 boot error report 4-8 dumps events that trigger 4-15 boot failures causes for 4-7 E boot -l command 3-12 boot -v command 3-13 EMI requ
Index help command 3-3, 3-16 manually initializing the IP address parameters 2-26 hot swap preparing for 4-19 procedure for completing a 4-22 menu Slot Selection 2-15 hub backplane management section 1-4 hub management 1-4 I image command 3-3, 3-17 image -d command 3-17 image name default 3-17 initial boot parameters setting addresses 3-4 modem cards installing B-3 removing B-5 module conditions for replacing 4-17 configuration behavior 4-17 installation into a hub 2-6 removing 4-21 verifying hardwar
Index for a module 4-17 self-booting the RAC 2-31 printer port test 3-21 sequence command 3-3, 3-22 examples 3-22 product support xvii serial line ports test 3-21 publications hard copy xvii server parameters for Remote Access Concentrator 2-18 R service port connecting a terminal to 2-14 module management through 1-5 pin assignments 2-14 terminal attributes 2-14 terminal settings 2-14 RARP protocol 2-23 Remote Access Concentrator description of 1-3 dimensions of 1-12 electrical specifications of
Index T technical publications xvii technical support xvii testing the installation 2-10 the printer port 3-21 the serial line ports 3-21 the transceiver 3-19 TFTP 3-11 troubleshooting a UNIX host on the LAN 4-12 a Windows NT host on the LAN 4-13 another Model 5399 configured as a load server 4-14 U UNIX boot 2-33 upgrading the Remote Access Concentrator modem upgrade instructions B-1 modem upgrade kit B-1 module removal instructions B-2 using the ROM monitor 2-17 V verifying Ethernet address 2-22 module
