Datasheet

GLOSSARY / Facility catalogue 2013/14
140
bachmann.com
\
FACILITY SYSTEMS
4-key keypad
Programmable illuminated buttons for controlling equipment
and media.
10-inch (10") panel
A mounting frame with a standardised width of
10" = 254mm, with holes for bolting to 10" racks.
Used for events equipment, media and laboratory
systems and in data centres. As a rule the panels
have a height of 1 height unit (1 U) with a specified
height of 1.75" = 44.5mm.
19-inch (19") panel
A mounting frame with a standardised width of
19" = 482.6mm, with holes for bolting to 19" racks.
Frequently used for events equipment, media and
laboratory systems and in data centres. As a rule
the panels have a height of 1 height unit (1 U) with
a specified height of 1.75" = 44.5mm.
Audio jack or tip-ring-sleeve (TRS) connector
Internationally accepted electrical connector for AC or DC
in the low-voltage (SELV – safety extra-low voltage) range.
Jack plugs, sockets and couplings are used most typically
for audio signals or for connecting a small electronic
device to a power supply unit. Jack plugs are often used
for connecting headphones to audio equipment. Versions
available: 3.5 mm (mini audio jack) for portable devices
(MP3 players, Discmans etc.), sound cards and small
headphones. 6.35mm (jack) for stereo systems and
electronic music equipment (mixing desks, effects units,
synthesisers, keyboards, electric pianos, electric guitars and
guitar amplifiers).
BNC connectors – Bayonet Neill Concelman
These are coaxial connectors with a bayonet lock for
high frequencies up to approx. 1GHz, in some cases up
to 4GHz, with a defined wave impedance of 50 or 75
(interchangeable). They are used chiefly in radio and video
systems. The BNC design has however also been used for
the transmission of weak DC and low-frequency AC signals
and impulses in laboratory applications because of the
shielding of the outer conductor from electrical interference.
The coaxial construction thus provides protection against
external electric fields. For this reason, connections to
measuring devices such as oscilloscopes, frequency
counters and function generators generally use BNC-type
cables.
Bandwidth
The difference between two frequencies that form the limits
of a specific, unbroken frequency range between them.
Blank
Function in video output devices of switching to a black
still frame.
CAT
In data connection technology
the following main categories and classes for equipment
performance are generally accepted:
Category Class MHz GB
CAT5e D 100 1
CAT6 E 250 1
CAT6a E 500 10
CAT7 F 600 10
CAT7a F 1.000
The difference between category and class is that the
individual components such as cable, socket, connector
etc. are graded into categories. The overall performance
of the sum of these components, i.e. of the complete
data network, is referred to as the class. The class of the
network as a whole is thus determined by the weakest
component. Example: CAT6 cable and plug are connected
to a CAT5e socket, the overall network attains only class
D. Additionally, a distinction is made in data connection
equipment between shielded and unshielded components.
Worldwide, unshielded versions are most commonly used;
however,inGermanyalmost100%ofcablingisshielded.
The currently applicable standard for this area of data
connection technology is summarised in EN 50173.
Cinch (RCA)
For non-standardised connectors for electrical signals,
primarily on coaxial cables. Use: Audio white = left analogue
channel (sometimes also black); Audio red = right analogue
channel; Orange = digital audio; Video yellow = composite
video, analogue unmodulated TV picture signal in baseband
(VBS or CVBS); Video green = Y (brightness); Video blue =
Pb (colour difference); Video red = Pr (colour difference)
Coaxial ('coax') cable
Coaxial cable is a special type of cable with concentrically
arranged conductors for carrying high-frequency signals,
such as in TV systems for analogue CVBS or for digital
studio signals (DSC).
Composite Video
See Cinch (RCA)
Control unit
See Media control systems
Crossover
In computer networking, a cross or crossover cable is an
eight-wire twisted-pair cable with an RJ45 plug at each
end, but where some of the wires have been swapped
over in one of the plugs. It is required e.g. where two
computers are connected together directly. It is also
possible, instead of a crossover cable, to use an uncrossed
cable in conjunction with a crossover adaptor to obtain
the required crossing of wire pairs. The simplest use of
a crossover cable is to link two computers with network
cards without necessarily requiring a hub or switch. The two
computers thus connected form a complete network on
the smallest possible scale. Crossover cables can normally
be dispensed with in gigabit Ethernet, since Auto-MDI-X
is defined in the standard for this and is supported by
most devices. In a crossover cable, the sent data wire is
crossed with the received data wire at one end, so that data
exchange is possible over a direct connection. If the send
and receive wires had not been swapped at one end, no
link between the machines would be obtained.
CVBS
See Cinch (RCA)
DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting
By 2010 all radio and TV channels in Germany are expected
to be transmitted via digital video broadcasting (DVB).
The transmission paths available are terrestrial frequencies
(DVB-T), cable (DVB-C) and satellite (DVB-S). A mobile radio
standard (DVB-H) is still at the testing stage. In all cases a
special receiver is required to receive the signal.
DVB-T allows up to 24 TV channels to be received via
a conventional domestic TV antenna. The channels are
broadcast without encryption and are free of charge.
So far, commercial broadcasters have only engaged in
DVB-T in urban areas.
DVB-C offers more channels – theoretically up to 500.
However, a prerequisite for receiving the signal is a paid-
for cable connection. Commercial broadcasters using the
digital cable network usually encrypt the signal, which then
requires a smart card from the network operator to decode.
Display port
A port for conveying image and sound signals (e.g. monitor,
DVD player, plasma TV etc.).
DVI – Digital Video Interface
A digital interface for video signals. In this system the
sound has a separate input. The high-definition (HD)
formats however use the new HDMI input. There are
three different types of digital video interface:
DVI-A carries analogue signals only,
DVI-I is capable of transmitting both analogue
and digital signals, and DVI-D carries digital signals only.
If the new TFT monitor has a DVI-D interface, the old
graphics card with analogue VGA output cannot be
connected to it.
EIB
The European Installation Bus (EIB) is a standard to
EN50090 that describes how sensors and actuators
should be connected together in a domestic installation.
It also defines the communications protocol. The EIB thus
controls, for example, lighting and shutters or other shade-
providing devices, heating, locking and alarm systems.
EIB has subsequently been further developed and been
known since 2002 as the KNX standard.
Ethernet
A protocol that controls data transfer in local area networks
(LANs). This standard was developed by the Californian
Xerox corporation in 1976.
F connectors
(IEC60169-24) are coaxial plugs with screw locking
designed for high frequencies up to about 5GHz with a
defined wave impedance of 75. The most commonly
used connector in satellite television systems worldwide.
FireWire
The FireWire interface is used for rapid data exchange
between a computer and multimedia or other peripheral
devices. Thanks to its high transfer rate, FireWire can also
be used as an alternative to Ethernet (IP over FireWire).
Full HD TV
Full HD models offer TV and video images with 1920 x
1080 pixels – currently the highest pixel number in HDTV
broadcasts or high-definition feeds. This picture quality
represents five times the resolution of conventional TV
pictures. Even when observed close up, the viewer cannot
see any kind of pixel structure. Video projections profit in
particular from full HD resolution. The term is mostly used
to describe the ability of an HDTV-capable device to output
the highest possible HD resolution.
Hardware detect
Automatic detection of incoming signals, e.g. if a laptop
is connected to an output device while switched on,
the output device automatically recognises this newly-
connected device.
HDMI – High Definition Multimedia Interface
Interface for picture and sound information in HDTV and
HD television systems. It enables fully digital transmission
of video and digital sound with up to eight channels. The
HDCP digital copy-protection system is built in.
HDTV – High Definition Television
HDTV has significantly higher resolution, shows the picture
more sharply and with more detail, and is broadcast with
an aspect ratio of 16:9 rather than the traditional 4:3.
Resolution is up to 1920 x 1080 pixels. To receive HD
pictures, a TV set is required that carries the "HD ready"
seal.
Hi-Fi – High Fidelity
Hi-Fi (high fidelity) is a quality standard for audio playback
equipment.
Hosiden
See S-Video.
Impedance
Impedance, sometimes also known as AC resistance,
states the ratio of electrical voltage across a consumer
(component, cable etc.) to the current drawn. Impedance
is important when matching high-frequency cables and
also in the transmission of electromagnetic waves in free
space. If for example the input impedance of a device
does not match that of the incoming cable, reflections
occur that reduce the energy transmitted and that can
cause resonance effects and thus a non-linear frequency
response.
ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network
International standard for a digital telephone network.
Allows multiple channels to transmit simultaneously.
A basic ISDN connection offers the user two independently
available channels for telephone or internet. Bandwidth is
64 kb/s.
Keystone
Universal dimensions (19.3 x 14.7mm) for cutouts for
mounting components.
KNX
KNX technology resulted from the confluence of three
European bus standards, the European Installation Bus
(EIB), the European Home Systems Protocol (EHS) and
Batibus (used in heating/ventilation/climate control) to
create a unified technological platform for all areas of
home and building systems in the form of an international
industry standard. KNX allows central control of practically
all components of home and building systems technology,
from lighting through heating to alarm systems, and
offers advantages of convenience, security and economy
for functional buildings as well as in residential settings.
The KNX specification was presented by the then newly
founded KNX Association in spring 2002. Based on the EIB
standard, with which the new technology platform remains
fully compatible, KNX emerged from expansions using new
configuration mechanisms and transfer media that had
originally been developed for Batibus and EHS.
By 2003 KNX was ratified by CENELEC, the Brussels-
based European committee for electrical standards, as
European Standard EN 50090. Shortly afterwards it was
ratified by the CEN standards institute under EN 13221-1 as
the European standard for the automation of buildings.