AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 User’s Guide April 2009
© 2009 Autodesk, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose. Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder. Trademarks The following are registered trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., in the USA and other countries: 3DEC (design/logo), 3December, 3December.
Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . 1 What is New in AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 . Accessing the Raster Design Home Page . . . . About AutoCAD Raster Design dialog box . . . Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . Supported Image Formats . . . . . . . . . . . Image Portability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AutoCAD Raster Design History . . . . . . . . Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifying Correlation Settings . . . . . . . . Adjusting the Image Frame Before Insertion . Correlating an Image After Insertion . . . . . Matching Image Points . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scaling an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rubbersheeting an Image . . . . . . . . . . . Chapter 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing the Display Order of Images . Erasing an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . Detaching an Image . . . . . . . . . . . Unloading/Reloading an Image . . . . . Changing the Active Path . . . . . . . . Changing the Saved Path . . . . . . . . Chapter 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 . 74 . 74 . 75 . 75 . 76 Modifying Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing Duplicate Entries from the Image Palette . Resetting the Image Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing and Exporting Image Palettes . . . . . . . . . . Importing an Image Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exporting an Image Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Displaying Image Palette Information . . . . . . . . Converting Grayscale Images to Paletted Images . . . Controlling Palette Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controlling the Display of Unused Colors . . . . . .
Merging Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merging Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merging Vectors into a Raster Image . . Selecting Pen Widths for Vector Merge . Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 . 160 . 161 . 162 Raster Entity Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Characteristics of REM Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How REM Objects Are Associated with an Image . . .
ProdNameShort Options . . . . . . . . . . . . Dynamic Input Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . Using SmartCorrect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vectorizing Raster Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vectorizing Raster Lines and Polylines . . . . Vectorizing Raster Rectangles . . . . . . . . . Vectorizing Raster Circles . . . . . . . . . . . Vectorizing Raster Arcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . Following Polylines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Polyline Follower . . . . . . . . . .
QSave Preference . . . . . . . . . Raster Design Startup Options . . Raster Entity Detection Settings . REM Settings . . . . . . . . . . . Rub and Crop Line Width . . . . Remove Under Method . . . . . Vector Merge Settings . . . . . . VTools Follower Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grid Parameters Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Histogram Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Brightness/Contrast Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) . . . . . . . . . 316 Equalize Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 Threshold Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Color to Grayscale Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) . . . . . . . . . . 321 Tonal Adjustment Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) . . . . . . . . . .
Raster Pen Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recognition Character Sets Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . Rubbersheet - Set Control Points Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . Save As Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Select a Lock File Directory Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . Select Coordinate System (Export) Dialog Box . . . . . . . . Select Coordinate System (Insert) Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . Select Global Coordinate System Dialog Box . . . . . . . . .
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Introduction to AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 1 The AutoCAD Raster Design User's Guide includes conceptual, procedural, and reference details about the tools and features found in AutoCAD Raster Design 2010. This chapter provides information to help you get acquainted with Raster Design requirements, capabilities, and history. What is New in AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 builds on the features introduced in Raster Design 2009.
New in Raster Design 2010 Function Description Updated ribbon The ribbon interface has been updated to be even easier to use. New in Raster Design 2009 Function Description 64-bit support AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 supports both the 32-bit and 64-bit environments of its hosting Autodesk products. This will allow you to easily and confidently install AutoCAD Raster Design 2010 on any supporting application, using any of its supported operating systems.
New in Raster Design 2008 Function Description ■ NITF (National Image Transmission Format) Vectorization improvements Prompts during vectorization operations can display conveniently near the cursor, using AutoCAD Dynamic Input. Grips appear on previously vectorized segments to facilitate editing. Editing multi-resolution images Edit MrSID, ECW, and JPEG2000 images, then save changes in JPEG2000 format.
New in Raster Design 2007 Function Description Coordinate system transformation Automatic assignment of the Autodesk Map coordinate system code when inserting a GeoTIFF or DEM file. Also, automatic assignment of the correct EPSG code when exporting to GeoTIFF format. New in Raster Design 2006 Function Description Touchup tools for bitonal images Edit images at the pixel level. REM Operations tools Extend and trim raster lines to intersections, add corner fillets, and offset lines.
To access the Raster Design home page ■ On the Image menu, select Raster Design Home Page. or click in the Raster Design toolbar. About AutoCAD Raster Design dialog box This dialog box provides you with the following information about Raster Design: ■ Name of the licensed owner ■ Serial number ■ Source of the licence Installation Requirements For hardware and software system requirements, refer to System Requirements for a Single User or System Requirements for Network Installations.
Image Formats Supported by Raster Design GIF (page 390) JFIF - JPEG (page 391) FLIC (page 389) Generic multispectral JPEG 2000 (page 391) PCX (page 394) GeoSPOT (page 390) GIF (page 390) PNG (page 394) TARGA (page 399) IG4 (page 391) IKONOS (8- or 16bit) Landsat FAST L7A (page 392) NITF (page 393) PICT (page 394) QuickBird TIFF (page 394) RLC (page 395) RLC2 (page 395) SID (MrSID) (page 396) TIFF (page 399) Image Portability Whether you can open a Raster Design drawing in another Autodesk
■ 16- or 32-bit single-band integer ■ 8- or 16-bit multiband multispectral The Raster Design Object Enabler can be installed from the main Install page of the application CD for AutoCAD Raster Design, or from the Autodesk Object Enabler website (http://www.autodesk.com/aecobjenabler).
CAD Overlay S7.5 shipped in 1996, the first ObjectARX application that supported AutoCAD Release 13c4. This release combined the functionality of ESP, LFX, and GSX. CAD Overlay S8 and Autodesk CAD Overlay Release 14 were introduced worldwide in 1997. CAD Overlay 14.01, introduced in 1998, was the first AEC Product to become Object ARX compliant, and also introduced the first ActiveX interface in CAD Overlay, which adds the ability to customize CAD Overlay through the AutoCAD Visual Basic Editor.
Inserting and Correlating Images 2 Use the ProdNameShort insertion tools to insert images into AutoCAD drawings and assign color maps; use correlation tools to precisely position, scale, and rotate images. Inserting Images You can use ProdNameShort to insert images for many different supported image types (page 399) and formats into an AutoCAD drawing. You can insert images from local folders, network locations, or from the Internet.
When you use ProdNameShort to open image files from the Internet, the image file you specify is downloaded to your computer and inserted into your drawing using the correlation method you select. Images downloaded from an HTTP site are opened as read-only files. You can edit the image and save it locally. Images opened from FTP sites can be saved back to their original locations. NOTE When you insert a bitonal image, ProdNameShort looks for the foreground color in the correlation source selected.
2 In the Insert Image (page 338) dialog box, navigate to the folder where the image is located using one of the following methods: ■ Choose the drive and folder using standard Windows navigation procedures. ■ Click an icon on the Places List on the left side of the dialog box to navigate directly to a location such as My Documents, the Desktop, or the Favorites folder. 3 In the Files of Type box, choose the file format of the images you want to insert.
tabs of the dialog box in any order, then apply them to the image. This method is recommended for advanced users. 8 If you want to display only the frame (page 389) of the image you insert, select the Show Frames Only check box. 9 If you are inserting multiple images that you want to view as a multispectral set, select Treat as Multispectral. 10 To zoom to the extents of the image(s) you insert after correlation, select Zoom to Image(s).
Many Internet connections require you to enter a valid user name and password before accessing the Internet. ProdNameShort prompts you to enter this information. Some of the ProdNameShort custom image formats may not be insertable from an internet connection. NOTE Images inserted from an HTTP site are opened as read-only images.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Insert Raster Design Toolbar Command Line iinsert Dialog Box Insert Image Dialog Box (page 338) Inserting an Image from an FTP Site Using the Insert Image Dialog Box Use the Insert Image dialog box to insert an image file from an FTP site on the Internet. Unlike images from HTTP sites, images inserted from FTP sites can be saved back to their original location.
5 In the Log On As section, choose either Anonymous or User. If you select the User option, enter a username in the combo box. 6 Enter a password in the Password text box. 7 Click Add. 8 Click OK to return to the Insert Image dialog box. 9 Navigate to the FTP site using standard Windows navigation methods. 10 On the list of images, choose the image(s) that you want to insert. You can use standard Windows selection methods to select more than one image at a time.
14 To view information about an image before you insert it, choose Views Information to view information such as file type and creation date. 15 To display a preview of the image, click Views ➤ Preview. Click Open. NOTE When you insert more than one image at a time, the default correlation information is used for the images. The images are inserted automatically into the drawing and the Insertion Wizard is not displayed.
■ World file ■ Tab file ■ Image file For more information about the AutoCAD FILEDIA variable, see the AutoCAD online Help or printed User’s Guide. See also: ■ Assigning a Color Map to an Image (page 18) ■ Correlating an Image During Insertion (page 21) ■ Image Insertion Dialog Box (page 325) To insert an image when FILEDIA is <0> 1 Click Image menu ➤ Insert. 2 Do one of the following: ■ Type the name of the image you want to insert and its file extension. Example: contour.
Adding Image Sources to Favorites You can create shortcuts to provide quick access to the files or folders that contain your images. When you select a folder, drawing, or other file and choose Add to Favorites, a shortcut to that item is added to the Favorites folder in the Windows system. The original file or folder doesn't move. The shortcuts you create using AutoCAD DesignCenter can also be stored in Favorites.
insertion. When a DEM or multispectral image is inserted, ProdNameShort displays the appropriate dialog for configuring a color map. DEM files use a palette color map, which has multiple settings that are configured in the Palette Color Map Definition Dialog Box (page 345). Palette color maps can be saved for reuse with other files. NOTE To remove all unused color maps from a drawing, type ipurgecm at the command line.
Dialog Box Assign Color Map Tab (Image Insertion Dialog Box) (page 325) Creating New Images You can create a new blank image for use with the image merge and vector merge tools. When you create a new image, you begin by defining an image frame in the New Image (page 342) dialog box. After you have created a new image, you must save it to create a link between the drawing and the image file. To create a new image 1 Click Image menu ➤ New. The New Image (page 342) dialog box is displayed.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ New Raster Design Toolbar Command Line inew Dialog Box New Image Dialog Box (page 342) Correlating Images Use correlation procedures to precisely position, scale, and rotate an image within an AutoCAD drawing. You can correlate an image during or after insertion. For instance, when using the Insertion Wizard, correlation data can be read from the image or from a file associated with the image.
■ Insertion Wizard divides the insertion process into a series of steps that can vary depending on image type: assigning a color map, specifying a correlation source, setting various positioning values, and transforming coordinate systems. This method is recommended for new or intermediate users. ■ Insertion Wizard divides the insertion process into a series of steps that can vary depending on image type: specifying a correlation source, setting various positioning values.
To insert an image using Quick Insert ■ In the Insert Options section of the Insert Image (page 338) dialog box, choose Quick Insert. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Insert Raster Design Toolbar Command Line iinsert Dialog Box Insert Image Dialog Box (page 338) Specifying Correlation Settings You can use either the Insertion Wizard or the Image Insertion (page 325) dialog box to provide correlation settings at the time of image insertion.
■ The Transform (page 329) tab is presented only if ProdNameShort is running on a geographic application such as AutoCAD Map 3D. This tab is used to transform the coordinate system of an image. ■ The Insertion (page 328) tab displays the revised correlation values, reflecting any changes you made on the Modify and Transform tabs. Use this tab to review the settings before insertion and to select a color for the image frame or the foreground of a bitonal image.
If the Transform panel is displayed, complete step 9 to 14; otherwise go to step 15. Transform coordinate system 9 Compare the coordinate systems of the image and of the current drawing, as displayed on the Transform (page 329) panel. If the two coordinate systems do not match, you should perform a coordinate transformation on the image to position it properly in the drawing. 10 To convert the image coordinate system, select the Transform to Drawing’s Coordinate System check box; otherwise, go to step 14.
you make to the image frame are reflected immediately in the Insertion Values dialog box. 16 Optionally, to change the color of the image frame, under Color, click Select. NOTE Inserting a bitonal image (page 382) changes the foreground color. When you insert a bitonal image, ProdNameShort first looks for the foreground color in the correlation source specified. If it cannot find the color information, the foreground color defaults to current color. 17 Click Finish. The image is inserted into the drawing.
Adjusting the Image Frame Before Insertion You can manually or numerically adjust the frame size, scale, and rotation before inserting an image into a drawing. This procedure is useful if you do not know the exact coordinates for the image, but you have a general idea of the image location, size, and rotation angle. As you draw the frame on screen, its size changes proportionally to retain the aspect ratio of the image.
Correlating an Image After Insertion You can adjust the size and location of an image at any time after inserting it into a drawing. For instance, you may need to correct distortions caused by scanning errors. There are several ways to ensure precise correlation of an inserted image: ■ Match points on an image to points in your drawing in order to scale or rotate a raster image. ■ Displace an image, to move it in reference to existing raster or vector entities without scaling or rotating it.
NOTE If you are using AutoCAD Land Desktop, you can substitute COGO points by typing .p, .g, or .n when ProdNameShort prompts you to enter destination points. For more information, see Snapping to COGO Points (page 82). Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Correlate ➤ Match Raster Design Toolbar Command Line imatch Moving an Image You can move an image without rotating or scaling it so that a base point on the image matches with a destination point on an existing vector entity or raster image.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Correlate ➤ Displace Raster Design Toolbar Command Line idisplace Scaling an Image You can match the scale of an image to the scale of a vector drawing or another image. To scale an image 1 Click Image menu ➤ Correlate ➤ Scale. 2 Select an image to scale by clicking its image frame. 3 Select a base point for the scale. This point acts as an anchor point for the image as its dimensions are scaled.
NOTE If you want to match the image rotation, use the Deskew option. If you want to move or scale the image as well as rotate the image, use the Match option. For more information, see Snapping to COGO Points (page 82) and Correlating an Image After Insertion (page 28). Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Correlate ➤ Scale Raster Design Toolbar Command Line iscale Rubbersheeting an Image You can transform an image to correct distortions in distance and shape.
There are two transformation methods you can use to correct your image: ■ The Triangular method draws a series of triangles between the control points, then applies the transformation to those areas. This process uses the Delaunay triangulation method in which no point lies inside the circle that includes the vertices of any triangle. Each triangular area is transformed separately, so this method is much more accurate than the polynomial method, but can result in the loss of some image data.
By adjusting the polynomial degree, you can increase the accuracy of the matching points. However, reducing the error can create a higher degree of warping in the image as it is transformed to match the control points. Therefore, you should use the lowest possible polynomial degree that will still give you an acceptable result. Higher polynomial degrees result in smaller errors at the control points, but more warping at locations away from the control points.
NOTE Rubbersheeting is best suited for making minor transformations to an image. For best results, start with a comprehensive and accurate network of survey control points, then use match and scale before rubbersheeting to get the image as close to the desired results as possible. It is also helpful to get a good spread of the control points over the entire image. Where you don't have control points, you can specify anchor points.
The Rubbersheet dialog box disappears and ProdNameShort prompts you to select the first source point. You must select at least three pairs of source points and destination points. 6 Select the first source point for the first control point on the image. NOTE You can select points on specific raster entities by using raster snaps. 7 Do one of the following: ■ Specify the destination point to which the source point should be moved. ■ Type a to anchor the selected point where it is.
14 Click the Add Points button to match source points to the grid of destination points. The Grid Parameters dialog box disappears and ProdNameShort automatically pans to the first destination point. NOTE You can select points on specific raster entities by using raster snaps. 15 Do one of the following: ■ Click to enter a corresponding source point for the current destination point. ■ Type a to anchor the selected point where it is. ■ Type s to skip to the next destination point.
19 If you want to remove a specific control point from the list, select that point from the list of control points, and then click the Delete button. 20 Click the Preview button to see the extents of the transformed image before you actually apply the changes. The convex hull of destination points is displayed in red, while the convex hull of source points is shown in blue. Press Enter to return to the Rubbersheet dialog box. 21 Click the Export button to save your control point set to a .
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Saving Images 3 Images are saved and managed separate from the drawings that contain them. There are several ways to save images in Raster Design: ■ Click File ➤ Save/Save As. You are prompted to save each image that has changes, and then you are prompted to save the drawing. You can click Save As to save the image with a new name, location, or file format. ■ Click Image menu ➤ Save. This command saves an image without saving the drawing. You can save more than one image at a time using this command.
To save an image without saving your drawing 1 Click Image menu ➤ Save. 2 Select the image(s) you want to save. NOTE You can also select the image first, and then right-click to display the shortcut menu where you can select Image ➤ Write ➤ Save. 3 Press Enter to complete the selection set. The image(s) you selected are saved. If any of the images you select are unnamed, then the Save As dialog box is displayed so you can give the image a name, location, and file type.
Command Line isave Saving Images with AutoCAD Save You can use the AutoCAD Save option to save the changes to your images. The AutoCAD Save option is standard for most Autodesk products that use Raster Design. When you save in this way, the correlation data for the images is stored in the drawing. The next time you open the drawing, the images are displayed. NOTE You can use the AutoCAD UNDO command to undo each edit that you make, back to the last time you saved your drawing.
For certain file formats, such as TIFF, you are prompted for the encoding and data organization methods you want to use. For more information, see Encoding and Data Organization Methods (page 54). Quick Reference Menu File ➤ Save AutoCAD Toolbar Dialog Box Save As Dialog Box (page 366) Embedding Images in a Drawing You can save bitonal images within a drawing to simplify file management.
To un-embed an image 1 In Image Manager, select the image you want to un-embed. 2 Right-click and click Un-embed. 3 In the Save As dialog box, specify the name, location, and format for the image. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Embed Command Line iembed, iunembed Image Manager Right-click image ➤ Embed or Un-embed Dialog Box Save As Saving an Image to Another File Name, Type, or Location You can save an image to another file name, file type, or location, without saving the drawing file.
To save an image to a different file name, file type, or location 1 Click Image menu ➤ Save As. 2 Select the image to save. You can save only one image at a time using this command. The Save As (page 366) dialog box is displayed. NOTE You can also select the image first, and then right-click to display the shortcut menu where you can select Image ➤ Write ➤ Save As. 3 You can enter a different file name in the File Name box.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Save As Toolspace Shortcut Menu Image ➤ Write ➤ Save As Object Shortcut Menu Image ➤ Write ➤ Save As REM Toolbar Command Line isaveas Dialog Box Save As Dialog Box (page 366) Saving an Image to an FTP Site If you have access to an FTP site, you can save your images to the Internet. To save an image to an FTP site 1 Click Image menu ➤ Save As. 2 Select the image to save. You can only save one image at a time using this command. The Save As (page 366) dialog box is displayed.
7 Enter a password in the Password text box. 8 Click Add. 9 Click OK to return to the Save As dialog box. 10 Navigate the FTP site using standard Windows navigation methods. 11 You can enter a different file name in the File Name box. 12 You can save the image to a different file type by selecting a file type from the Save File as Type list. 13 Click OK when you are ready to save the image.
Capturing an Image You can capture an image if it cannot be saved in the usual way, or if you want to preserve a specific display for later use. An image capture is like a photograph of the displayed image on your screen. It is particularly useful when you want to prepare images for a presentation or a report. For example, you can capture several displays of satellite data with different color maps.
Command Line icapture Toolspace Shortcut Menu Image Insertions view, Insertion object ➤ Capture Object Shortcut Menu Image ➤ Capture Raster Design Toolbar Command Line icapture Exporting Images Use Export commands to save an image to a different file format or to save correlation files for the image. Exporting is the only way to save images displayed from digital elevation models (DEM) and multispectral data. These images are saved in GeoTIFF format.
Correlation files store insertion point, scale (page 396), rotation angle (page 395), and density (page 387) information for the image. Depending on the file format you select, you can save the correlation information to a resource file (page 395), a world file (page 400), or to the image file. Normally, these files are saved to the same location as the image file. However, you can control this path on the Paths tab (page 355) of the Raster Design options dialog box.
■ Select a location from the Places List on the left side of the dialog box to navigate directly to the My Documents folder (or the Personal folder, depending on which operating system you are using), the Desktop, or the Favorites folder. 5 In either the File Name or Base Name box, enter a name for the image file or select a file name from the list. NOTE You cannot export an image to a file name that is locked. For example, if one person loads image1.
Toolspace Shortcut Menu Image Insertions view, Insertion object ➤ Write ➤ Export Raster Design Toolbar Command Line iexport Dialog Box Export Dialog Box (page 311) Exporting an Image to an FTP Site If you have access to an FTP site, you can export your images to the Internet. To export an image to an FTP site 1 Click Image ➤ Export ➤ Image. 2 Select the image to export. You can export only one image at a time using this command.
10 Navigate the FTP site using standard Windows navigation methods. 11 You can enter a different file name in the File Name box. 12 You can export the image to a different file type by selecting a file type from the Save File as Type list. 13 Click OK when you are ready to export the image. For certain file formats, such as TIFF, you are prompted for the encoding and data organization methods you want to use. For more information, see Encoding and Data Organization Methods (page 54).
The resulting world file shares the same file name as the associated image, but the extension ends in a “w” (for example, the world file for lakshor.tif is lakshor.tfw). NOTE Raster Design exports world files based on World coordinates and imports them based on the current UCS. To export a World File 1 Click Image menu ➤ Export ➤ World File. 2 Type a path to which to save the file, or press Enter to accept the default path.
Correlation Output Types Depending on what type of image you are exporting, you can choose from among some of the following correlation output file types: ■ Bitonal Images. Use to creates resource files compatible with Raster Design ESP version 7 (or higher). ■ Color or Grayscale Images. Use to creates resource files compatible with Raster Design 7.5 (or higher). You can save the correlation data externally, rather than in the drawing, so that you can use the same correlation data in another drawing.
To choose a method of data encoding (compression) and data organization 1 In the Encoding Method dialog box, choose an encoding method to reduce the image file size. If file size is not an issue, then select the Uncompressed option. NOTE If you are unsure which method to choose, then accept the default, which reflects how the image was saved previously. 2 Click Next to display the Data Organization dialog box.
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Changing Image Properties 4 You can use the AutoCAD Properties window to specify image properties. AutoCAD Properties In the AutoCAD Properties window, you can specify image properties.
■ Pixel width and height ■ Edit status If the image contains raster entity manipulation (REM) objects, you can use the Properties window to see detailed specifications of these objects. Image Display Properties You can choose to hide or display images in your drawing to improve the system redraw time. You can also hide/show and unload/reload images from the Image Manager Toolspace (page 330).
2 Click the Quality Setting property, then select a new setting from the list: ■ High dithers the pixels. Color and shade differences between pixels are blended for a more realistic appearance. ■ Draft does not dither the pixels. This setting is recommended for bitonal images, or whenever you want to see the pixel size. NOTE The display quality setting affects only how the image is displayed on screen. It does not alter in any way the contents of the image file. 3 Close the Properties dialog box.
3 Close the Properties dialog box. Image Layer When you insert an image, it is inserted onto the current AutoCAD layer. However, you can move the image to another layer. The following layer properties allow you to control image display, image editing, and image saving. Layer Properties Function On/Off Turns images on and off. Images that are off are still regenerated. When a layer is off, you can save an image to the layer, but you cannot edit an image on that layer. Thaw/Freeze Saves the image.
For more information on the Properties window, see the AutoCAD Command Reference in the AutoCAD Help or Users Guide. Linetype of an Image Frame You can select a different AutoCAD linetype for an image frame. To change the linetype of an image frame 1 Click the frame of the image(s) whose linetype you want to change, then right-click ➤ Properties. 2 Click the Linetype property, then select a new linetype from the list. 3 Close the Properties dialog box.
Quick Reference Toolspace Shortcut Menu From color map object ➤ Edit Color Map Object Shortcut Menu Properties, Color Command Line properties Transparency Color of an Image You can make one color in each image transparent. Making a color transparent is helpful if you want to see information that is displayed behind the image. In a bitonal image, the transparency color is always the background color of the image. For grayscale and color images, you can choose the transparency color.
To change the transparency color 1 Zoom in on the image so you can accurately select the color. 2 Select the image, then right-click ➤ Properties. NOTE If you are zoomed so you cannot see the image frames, press Shift + left-click to select the image. 3 Click the Transparency Color property, then click the button in the property field. The Transparency Color dialog box is displayed. NOTE Selecting a color is necessary only for color and grayscale images. To make a bitonal image transparent, skip to step 7.
To designate an unused color as the transparency color 1 On the command line, enter rbackground. 2 Select the image or images that you want to change, and then press Enter. NOTE You can also select your image or images before you use the rbackground command.
Managing Images and Insertions 5 Each instance of an image that you insert into a drawing is called an insertion. Each insertion is based on an image data definition. Changing the attributes of an insertion does not affect the image data definition. The Raster Design Image Manager (page 330) provides two views of the image data in a drawing: ■ The Image Insertions (page 331) view focuses mainly on the screen display; the object tree shows only image insertions and color maps.
common in the Image Data view than in the Image Insertions view. Some object types, such as the color map show a two-column item view (Properties and Value) that is not editable. To modify the layout of the Item View table 1 To display the Image Manager (page 330) toolspace, click Image ➤ Manage.. 2 Choose either the Image Insertions or Image Data view, then click the drawing name at the top of the tree.
2 Choose the row(s) you want to copy from the toolspace item view. 3 Right-click and click Copy to Clipboard. 4 Click Close. Managing Image Display and Data You can arrange the images within a drawing, removing or restoring them, and changing their saved location. Multiple insertions of an image can show different views of the data. This is especially useful with multispectral and digital elevation model (DEM) data.
3 Click the name of the insertion or insertions you want to see, then right-click and click Zoom To. Quick Reference Toolspace Shortcut Menu Image Insertions view: right-click image name ➤ Zoom To Object Shortcut Menu Right-click image frame ➤ Image ➤ Zoom To Changing the Color Map of an Image You can change the color map to modify the appearance and the type of data displayed in the image. The complexity of this procedure varies with color map type, as detailed in the following table.
■ Adjusting Images with the Histogram (page 92) To change the color map of an image 1 To display the Image Manager (page 330) toolspace, click Image ➤ Manage.. 2 Click the Image Insertions (page 331) view. 3 Click the image insertion for which you want to change the color map, right-click and click Edit Color Map. Depending on image type, the applicable dialog box opens. NOTE If you edit an existing palette color map that is used by several images in the drawing, the changes will affect all of the images.
To add a visual elevation key 1 Click Image menu ➤ Insert. Navigate to Raster Design\Samples, and insert the image elev_small.dem into your current drawing. 2 In the Image Manager toolspace, expand the object tree under the image elev_small, right-click the color map, and click Edit Color Map. 3 In the Palette Assignment Color Map dialog, select the color map that is used in your primary image. 4 Adjust the size and location of the elevation key in relation to the primary DEM image.
If the image is of single-band integer or multiband multispectral format, you see a submenu with two or three color band types to choose from. As shown in the following table, some of these choices invoke another dialog box where you configure the color map to your needs.
Quick Reference Image Menu Image ➤ Raster Data Query Raster Design Toolbar Dialog Box Raster Data Query Dialog Box (page 350) Showing and Hiding Images You can use the Image Insertions view of the Image Manager toolspace to show or hide an image. The Hide operation causes the least change to an displayed image, as compared to unload (page 400), erase (page 389), or detach (page 387). A hidden image is removed from the display, but the frame remains visible and the image data remains in the toolspace tree.
Object Shortcut Menu Click image frame, right-click Image ➤ Hide/Show Command Line ihideimage, ishowimage Dialog Box Image Insertions View (Image Manager Toolspace) (page 331) Changing the Display Order of Images You can change the order in which images are stacked for display in the drawing. The Image Insertions (page 331) view of the Image Manager toolspace shows the display order of inserted images. Insertions at the top of the tree are at the top of the display order.
Erasing an Image You can erase an image from the AutoCAD drawing when you no longer need it. When you erase (page 389) an image, you can also detach (page 387) it, subject to the Image Detach Options set on the User Preferences Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 358). If you want to simply remove the image from the display, without having to reconstruct it later, consider using the hide (page 390) or unload (page 400) operations.
Unloading/Reloading an Image Unloading an image removes the image data from working memory without erasing the image objects from the drawing. To improve application performance, you can unload images you no longer need. An unloaded image cannot be displayed or plotted. The unload (page 400) operation is just one of several image removal methods. For temporary removal, consider the hide (page 390) operation. For more complete removal, consider the erase (page 389) and detach (page 387) operations.
2 Click the Image Data (page 332) view. 3 Select the image data definition whose active path you want to change, then right-click and click Browse Path. 4 In the Insert Image dialog box, navigate to the correct image data location, then choose the image file and click Open. The active path is updated to reflect the new location of the image. Changing the Saved Path The saved path is where Raster Design looks first for the image. Usually, the active path (page 381) and saved path (page 396) are identical.
3 Choose the image data definition whose saved path you want to change, then right-click and click Save Path. To clear the saved path 1 To display the Image Manager (page 330) toolspace, click Image ➤ Manage.. 2 Select the Image Data (page 332) view. 3 Choose the image data definition whose saved path you want to delete, then right-click and click Clear Path.
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Modifying Images 6 Raster Design provides several tools for modifying images. ■ Cleanup. Correct scanning errors or minor imperfections in bitonal images. You can deskew, despeckle, touchup, adjust the bias, invert, or mirror an image. ■ Image Processing. Adjust the appearance of an image. For example, you can use the convolve filter to reduce harshness or noise in an image. ■ Raster Entity Manipulation (REM). Edit raster entities in bitonal, color, and grayscale images.
If your drawing contains only one image, Raster Design automatically selects it when you run a command that requires a selection set. Otherwise, you can use one of two methods to select a specific image. ■ Click on the frame (if it is visible), or draw a crossing window around a frame edge. When you do this, grip(s) (page 390) are displayed, and the image is marked with a hatch pattern to indicate that it has been selected.
■ Select None to clear the selection set. Controlling Image Frames An image frame encloses each image you insert. If you select an image frame, grip(s) (page 390) appear and hatch marks are drawn over the image to indicate that it is selected. You can select the frame using standard AutoCAD methods. For more informational, see Selecting an Image (page 79). After you select an image frame, you have several choices: ■ Use an editing command from the Image menu.
The limit of ten edits applies to operations that change the image data, such as Rubbersheet, Remove, Crop, Histogram, using a vectorization tool with the REM setting, and so on. NOTE If you try to undo more than ten edits, then the eleventh undo undoes every edit you made to the image since you last saved it. Snapping to COGO Points Coordinate geography points, or COGO points, can store information such as a point node, point number, northing and easting values, and elevation.
■ Invert. Reverse the light and dark shades of an image. You can invert bitonal, color, and grayscale images. Inversion reverses the dark and light areas of an image. ■ Mirror. Flip an image along either the horizontal or vertical axis to correct problems that occur when scanning software reverses drawings, or when the back of the drawing is scanned by mistake. ■ Touchup. Edit lines at the pixel level, using a square, circular, or diagonal shaped brush tool that you can resize.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Cleanup ➤ Deskew Raster Design Toolbar Object Shortcut Menu Right-click ➤ Image ➤ Rotate Command Line ideskew Removing Speckles from an Image You can remove speckles or stray pixels from your bitonal image. Speckles can appear in an image when you scan drawings or blueprints that are dirty or wrinkled, or when the scanner itself is dirty. The process consists of three main actions: 1 Specify the area to be cleaned.
2 Select the image or images you want to remove speckles from, and then press Enter. The following prompt appears: Specify first corner point of window or [entire Image/Clip region/Polygon/Existing] : 3 To define the region to despeckle, do one of the following: ■ Press Enter to despeckle the entire image(s). ■ In the drawing, define a rectangular sub-region. ■ Enter c to use an existing image clip. ■ Enter p, then enter several points to define a polygonal sub-region.
■ Enter w and then draw a window around any group or groups of speckles that you want to keep. ■ Enter p and then draw a polygon around a group of speckles that you want to keep. ■ Enter r and then repeat step 4 to respecify the speckle size and see a different set of speckles highlighted for deletion.
Raster Design maintains the current base point location for the image unless you specify a new base point. You can enter a new base point with numeric values or by clicking the point in the image. NOTE The ibias command can only operate on a single image at a time. To adjust image bias 1 Click Image menu ➤ Cleanup ➤ Bias. 2 If you have not already selected an image, select the image you want to correct, and then press Enter. NOTE You can select your image or images before you select the Bias command.
Reversing the Light and Dark Shades in an Image You can use the Invert filter to reverse the light and dark shades of any image. You can invert bitonal, color, and grayscale images. Raster Design uses Single Image Optimization (page 396) to speed up the editing commands. To reverse the light or dark shades in an image 1 Click Image menu ➤ Cleanup ➤ Invert. 2 Select the image or images you want to invert, and then press Enter. NOTE You can select your image or images before you select the Invert command.
Scanning software might mirror drawings, or you might occasionally scan the back of the drawing by mistake. You can correct these problems by mirroring the image. IMPORTANT The axes for mirror operations are always relative to the image. If the image has been rotated or repositioned in the drawing, the mirror axes are also moved, so they may not appear horizontal or vertical in the display. Raster Design uses Single Image Optimization (page 396) to speed up the editing commands.
Touchup tools are provided on the Touchup toolbar. The touchup brush can be square, round, or diagonal rectangular in shape. You can resize it to match the line weight in your drawing. The brush size remains constant in relation to the pixels, so it varies with your zoom level. Using a toggle control, you can switch from foreground to background color, in effect switching from drawing pixels to erasing them. The Shift key provides two automated line-drawing controls.
To draw a fixed angle line 1 Click and drag the cursor slowly in the desired direction. 2 Hold down the Shift key. The line continues horizontal, vertical, or at a 45-degree angle, whichever is closest to the direction of cursor movement. If the direction is not what you intended, click (Undo) and start again. To draw a line or polyline 1 Draw a short first segment freehand, then release the mouse button. This establishes a known endpoint from which to start the series.
■ Convolve. Use smoothing filters (page 398) and sharpening filters (page 396) to improve the appearance of your image. Smoothing filters reduce harshness and noise in your image. Sharpening filters make differences in shading more distinct. ■ Bitonal Filters. Smooth the appearance of raster lines or separate partially merged raster lines. ■ Change Density. Increase or decrease the resolution of an image. ■ Change Color Depth. Increase or decrease the color depth of an image.
Increasing the brightness (page 383) lightens the image and can bring out image detail in the shadow areas, although increasing brightness too much can wash out the light areas. Decreasing the brightness darkens the image and can bring out details in the light areas. Likewise, decreasing brightness too much can cause the dark areas can become almost black. Increasing the contrast makes the differences between dark and light areas more distinct.
A preview of the image is displayed. If you selected more than one image, the histogram displays a composite of the images' values. You can view each image by clicking its name in the list. NOTE The preview reflects the image as it was read from the disk. If you have made any display-only adjustments to the image using the Image Adjust color map or the AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command, then those adjustments are not displayed in the image preview.
9 If you selected sub-region in step 6, and if the sub-region is associated with an 8-bit color image, select a palette option from the drop-down list: ■ Retain Current Palette applies your changes to the sub-region by mapping to the closest colors from the current palette. This option maintains the current palette and will not affect pixels outside the selected region. ■ Rebuild Palette With All Colors creates a new palette to best accommodate all colors in the entire image.
Maximizing Details in an Image If an image has many pixels that are approximately the same color or shade, you can equalize the image to bring out more detail. Equalization makes the darkest pixels darker and the lightest pixels lighter, then reassigns the remaining pixels to the colors in between. This is also known as a non-linear contrast stretch. You can limit the effect of brightness or contrast changes to a portion of the image called a sub-region.
NOTE The preview reflects the image as it was read from the disk. If you have made any display-only adjustments to the image using the AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command, then those adjustments are not displayed in the image preview. If you make adjustments to the image using the Histogram, the adjustments made with IMAGEADJUST are no longer applied to the image; instead the new settings are applied. 4 If you selected a color image, then select a color channel to equalize.
If you are not satisfied with the results, then you can use the AutoCAD UNDO command to restore the image to the original settings. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Histogram Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ihistogram Dialog Box Histogram Dialog Box (page 316) Converting a Color Image to Grayscale You can convert a color image to a grayscale image using the Histogram (page 316) dialog box. Converting a color image to an 8-bit grayscale image can reduce the image file size.
NOTE The preview reflects the image as it was read from the disk. If you have made any display-only adjustments to the image using the AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command, then those adjustments are not displayed in the image preview. If you make adjustments to the image using the Histogram, the adjustments made with IMAGEADJUST are no longer applied to the image; instead the new settings are applied. 3 Select a channel from which to apply the conversion values.
Converting a Grayscale or Color Image to Bitonal You can convert a grayscale image (page 390) or color image to a bitonal image (page 382). Converting an image to bitonal can help isolate features in an image, such as the contour lines in a USGS map. After the image is converted to a bitonal image, you can use the vectorization tools to convert the raster objects to vectors. You use a threshold value to determine which pixels become black and which pixels become white.
6 Click Close to exit the Histogram dialog box. If you are not satisfied with the results, you can use the AutoCAD UNDO command to restore the image to the original settings. NOTE When you use the Threshold command on a color image, Raster Design first converts the image to grayscale, and then uses the grayscale value to create the bitonal image. This grayscale value is obtained by adding the values of the red, green, and blue channels in an image and dividing the value by three.
Three types of contrast curve are available: ■ A Gamma correction curve is exponential. You can either specify the single exponent (gamma) value or use an interactive slider to determine the gamma value. ■ A Fitted curve is drawn smoothly through points you specify. You can add or remove points from the curve, and drag them to modify the shape of the curve. ■ A Piecewise Linear curve is constructed of straight-line segments between points you specify.
Press Enter for entire image or specify sub-region option [Existing/Clip region/Window/Polygon]: 2 Do one of the following: ■ Press Enter to use the histogram on the entire image. ■ Enter e, then click a closed vector entity to use an existing entity to define the region. ■ Enter c to use an existing image clip. ■ Enter w, then enter two points to define a rectangular sub-region. ■ Enter p, then enter several points to define a polygonal sub-region.
6 To delete a point on a Piecewise Linear or Fitted curve, select the point, and press Delete, or right-click and click Delete Point. 7 To import a curve, click the Import button, or right-click in the contrast curve window and click Import. In the Import (page 336) dialog box, simply navigate to the Gamma Point List (*.gpl) file and click Open. 8 To export a curve, click the Export button, or right-click in the contrast curve window and click Export.
14 Click Close to exit the Histogram dialog box. If you are not satisfied with the results, then you can use the AutoCAD UNDO command to restore the image to the original settings. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Histogram Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ihistogram Dialog Box Histogram Dialog Box (page 316) Convolving an Image Convolve uses smoothing filters (page 398) and sharpening filters (page 396) to improve the appearance of grayscale images.
To reduce harshness and visual noise in a selected image 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Convolve. 2 Select the image or images you want to filter,then press Enter. 3 Click Expand All to expand the filter list. 4 Choose the smoothing filter you want to use. A description of the selected filter is displayed in the Image Filters (page 324) dialog box.
4 Click Median Filter. 5 Click Run Filter to filter the image(s). 6 Enter a filter (or matrix) size. This filter uses a matrix for smoothing the pixels. For example, a filter size of 3 would filter each pixel by averaging the values of the 8 surrounding pixels. NOTE The filter size must be an odd number. 7 Click OK to apply the filter.
To make differences in shading more distinct for a selected image 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Convolve. 2 Select the image or images you want to filter,then press Enter. 3 Click Expand All to expand the filter list. 4 Select the sharpening filter you want to use. A description of the selected filter is displayed in the Image Filters (page 324) dialog box. 5 Click Run Filter to filter the image(s).
Raster Design uses the following lowpass filters: ■ Lowpass Filter #1 averages differences between the target pixel value and its side to side and top and bottom neighbors. Diagonally adjacent pixels are ignored. ■ Lowpass Filter #2 evenly weighs all pixels in the kernel including the target. ■ Lowpass Filter #3 evenly weighs all pixels surrounding the target while providing extra weight to the target pixel. This tends to reduce the blurring effect to the image.
■ Highpass Filter #3 weighs side to side and top and bottom neighbors more heavily than diagonal neighbors. Edge Enhancements Filters You can use these filters to enhance edges so you can easily identify boundaries and property lines. You can also use them for object extraction or object recognition by higher-level algorithms.
Raster Design uses the following Laplace edge enhancements filters: ■ #1 uses the target pixel and its horizontal and vertical neighbors. Diagonally adjacent pixels are ignored. ■ #2 uses a uniform kernel with a high weighting on the target pixel. ■ #3 uses a uniform kernel with the highest weighting on the target pixel. ■ #4 weighs adjacent horizontal and vertical pixels more heavily than diagonally adjacent pixels.
Vertical searches for vertical lines in a noisy image. Using Bitonal Filters You can use these filters to clean up bitonal images. Bitonal filters can be used in conjunction with other clean up commands, such as despeckle and deskew. For more information, see Removing Speckles from an Image (page 84) and Deskewing an Image (page 83). You can use bitonal filters on an entire image, or on a portion of an image called a sub-region.
The thin filter trims raster objects by one pixel (per pass) in all directions. Thinning reduces the number of pixels while maintaining the basic shape of the feature. Click here to see sample raster objects before and after using a thin filter. The thickening filter thickens the edges of raster objects by one pixel (per pass) in the directions you specify. Click here to see sample raster objects before and after using a thickening filter.
Press Enter for entire image or specify sub-region option [Existing/Clip region/Window/Polygon]: 2 Do one of the following: ■ Press Enter to use the filter on the entire image. ■ Enter e, then click a closed vector entity to use an existing entity to define the region. ■ Enter c to use an existing image clip. ■ Enter w, then enter two points to define a rectangular sub-region. ■ Enter p, then enter several points to define a polygonal sub-region.
Changing Image Density For editable image types, you can change the pixel density value, density units, or both. Common reasons for changing density are as follows: ■ Decrease the image density to reduce the file size of the image or of the drawing. ■ Increase the image density to make more pixels available in your image. For instance, circles and other curves look smoother at higher densities.
4 Select an image resampling method. 5 Click OK to change image density. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Change Density Raster Design Toolbar Command Line idensity Dialog Box Change Density Dialog Box (page 303) Setting the Color Depth for an Image You can alter the color depth of an image. Each pixel in a raster image stores color information. The amount of information within each pixel is called depth and is measured in bits.
Changing the pixel depth is useful because it allows you to manipulate file size or add colors to the palette. Decreasing pixel depth decreases the number of colors that can be displayed, and decreases the file size of the image. Likewise, increasing pixel depth increases the number of colors that can be displayed and increases the file size.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Change Color Depth Raster Design Toolbar Command Line idepth Dialog Box Bitonal Filters Dialog Box (page 302) Using the Palette Manager Raster Design allows you to manipulate individual colors and entire palettes for 8-bit images.
Clicking the Change button gives you the option to change the selected color. In the Target Color (page 370) dialog box, you can select a color from the current palette, or from a standard palette, such as the AutoCAD palette or a spectrum palette. You can also select a custom color. As with most changes in the Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box, the changes you make to the palette are not permanent until you click the Apply button.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Combining Selected Colors in the Image Palette When you select two or more color values from the color table, you can use the Combine button to consolidate the selected values into a single value you choose from the Target Color (page 370) dialog box. Combining values is a good way to control the number of colors used in the palette.
3 Click the Combine button, or right-click and click Combine on the shortcut menu. The Target Color (page 370) dialog box appears. 4 Select a new color from the color table in the Target Color dialog box. NOTE The last selected color is selected by default in the Target Color dialog box. 5 Click OK to close the Target Color dialog box. 6 In the Palette Manager dialog box, click Apply. 7 Click OK to close the Palette Manager dialog box.
To specify a transparent color from the color table 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager. The Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box is displayed. 2 Select a color from the color table or use the Select Color button to pick a color directly from the image. For more information, see Selecting a Color Directly from the Image (page 122). 3 Click the Transparent button, or right-click and select Set Transparent on the shortcut menu.
To select palette colors directly from the image 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager. The Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Select Color button. The following prompt is displayed: Select point or [Window/Polygon]: 3 Do one of the following: ■ Select a single color by picking a point in the image. ■ Enter w, then click two points to define a rectangular selection window in the image. The colors within the window are selected.
table is resorted according to the current sorting scheme. Transparent colors are not compressed. The Compress button is not available for grayscale images. As with most changes in the Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box, the changes you make to the palette are not permanent until you click the Apply button. To remove duplicate entries from the Image Palette 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager. The Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Compress button.
The palette is restored to its original state, or to its state just after the last Apply. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Importing and Exporting Image Palettes You can apply the same palette changes to multiple images by using the import and export tools. The Palette Manager also allows you to view information about the palette file and convert grayscale images to paletted images.
is especially useful for synthetic images with areas of nearly-uniform color. A scanned USGS map, for instance, can be matched to an imported web-safe palette. ■ Dither is similar to Match because the current indexed colors are usually re-mapped to the closest colors in the imported palette. Unlike matching, however, dithering attempts to reduce color banding by using groups of pixels displaying the target colors. The combination of these colors is perceived as a single color.
4 From the list of palettes, select the palette you want to import. The selected palette is listed in the File Name box. Alternatively, click the Favorites button to choose a shortcut to palette in a local or network location, or on the Internet. 5 To change the way Raster Design applies the new palette to the image, select one of the following options in the Palette Application section: ■ Substitute to replace the current palette with the imported palette.
Exporting an Image Palette You can save the changes you make in the Palette Manager and export those changes for use with other images. The Export Palette (page 314) dialog box allows you to create a palette file (*.pf) with a title and to save that palette file to a local, network, or Internet location. To export a saved palette 1 Click Image menu ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager. The Palette Manager (page 348) dialog box is displayed.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Export Palette Dialog Box (page 314) Displaying Image Palette Information The Information option allows you to view basic information about the palette as a whole.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Converting Grayscale Images to Paletted Images The Palette Manager can convert a grayscale image to a paletted image by creating an indexed palette of gray values. One reason for doing this would be to apply spot color to a grayscale image that uses a small range of gray values.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Controlling Palette Views The Palette Manager features a number of ways to control the appearance and contents of the color table. Commands on the View menu allow you to display indicators for unused and transparent colors in the color table.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Controlling the Display of Transparent Colors The Palette Manager can help you identify the transparent color in the color table by displaying the transparent color with a “+” indicator. If there are multiple entries in the palette with the same color as the transparent color, then they are all shown with a + indicator.
Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Controlling the Display of Color Values The Palette Manager features a status bar that displays information about selected colors in the color table. In addition to the index and frequency (which are always presence) the Palette Manager can display the selected color's Red, Green, Blue values (RGB) or Hue, Saturation, Luminance values (HSL) on the status bar.
Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Sorting the Color Table The Palette Manager gives you several criteria by which to sort the color table and list window.
Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Adding and Removing Columns from the List Window The Palette Manager features a list window as an alternative view of the color table. By default, the list window displays the following columns: ■ Index ■ Frequency ■ Transparency ■ Color ■ Red ■ Green ■ Blue ■ Hue ■ Saturation ■ Luminance You can show or hide a column simply by right-clicking on any of the columns, then selecting the column name.
2 In the list window, right-click on one of the column headings to display the shortcut menu. 3 Click one of the column names to toggle the display status. A check mark next to the column name indicates that is displayed. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Palette Manager Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ipal Dialog Box Palette Manager Dialog Box (page 348) Masking Images To display and plot a subset of the images in your drawing, you can create a mask.
Creating a New Mask To display and plot a subset of the images in your drawing, you can create a mask (page 392). NOTE When drawing a mask, set the color of the current layer to a color you can easily distinguish from the AutoCAD background and your images. To create a new mask 1 Click Image menu ➤ Mask ➤ Create. The New Image Mask (page 343) dialog box is displayed. 2 Define the mask properties. For more information, see Changing the Image Mask Properties (page 139).
Dialog Box New Image Mask Dialog Box (page 343) Creating a New Mask Using the Command Line You can bypass the New Image Mask (page 343) dialog box by typing -imask on the command line. To create a new mask using the command line 1 Enter -imask to display the following prompt: New or [Select Image Mask]: 2 Enter n to create a new mask. The following prompt is displayed: Enter an option [Polygon/Rectangular/prOperties/eXit]: 3 Enter p to define a polygonal mask or enter r to define a rectangular mask.
You can add vertices to the boundary of an existing mask by selecting and moving a midpoint of a mask boundary segment. NOTE If you cannot see the image mask boundary, then enter REGEN to refresh the AutoCAD display order. You can use AutoCAD editing commands to move, rotate, stretch, erase, or scale a mask. If you want to change how the mask affects the images that are outside the mask boundary, then you can change the mask properties, disable the mask, or convert a mask to image clips.
4 Select the Show Image Frame(s) check box if you want to show the frames of the images that are outside the mask object. This option is available only if the Hide Image(s) or Unload Image(s) option is selected. NOTE If you used the AutoCAD IMAGEFRAME command to turn off image frames in your drawing, then the Show Image Frame(s) check box is unavailable and you cannot show the image frames. 5 Click Close to save your changes.
■ Enter c to convert the mask to image clips. ■ Enter o to redefine mask properties. For more information, see Changing the Image Mask Properties (page 139). ■ Enter x to exit the command. Quick Reference Command Line -imask Enabling or Disabling a Mask You can have two enabled masks per drawing: one in model space and one in paper space. If you create more than one mask in model space or paper space, the most recently created mask is enabled; all other masks in that space are disabled automatically.
To enable or disable a mask 1 Select the mask boundary, then right-click to open the Properties dialog box. 2 In the Properties dialog box, click Enabled in the Misc category. 3 Click Yes from the list to enable the mask, or No to disable the mask. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Mask ➤ Create Command Line imask Clipping an Image You can use the AutoCAD IMAGECLIP command to display a subregion of one image. A clip is a display-only feature that you can use for viewing and plotting purposes.
To clip an image 1 Enter IMAGECLIP. 2 Select the image you want to clip. You can only clip one image at a time. The following prompt is displayed: Enter image clipping option [ON/OFF/Delete/New boundary] : 3 Press Enter to create a new clip boundary. 4 Enter r to create a rectangular boundary, or enter p to create a polygonal boundary. You must select at least three points to define a polygonal mask. Once you have selected all the points, right-click and click Enter on the menu.
any images that were hidden or unloaded by the mask. To show images that are hidden, you can select the image frame, then right-click and click Show Image on the shortcut menu. You can then use the AutoCAD IMAGECLIP command to turn off the clips and change the clip boundary if desired. Any image that you insert into the drawing after converting a mask is visible.
Line Cropping Remove all raster data except for a specific line segment by selecting a point on each end of the raster line. You must set an appropriate line width for the crop. For more information, see Rub and Crop Line Width (page 266). To crop a raster line 1 Set an appropriate line width for the crop. 2 Click Image menu ➤ Crop ➤ Line. 3 Select the first point on the line. 4 Select the second point on the line to remove all the raster data except for the selected line.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Crop ➤ Circular Region Raster Design Toolbar Command Line icropcirc Dialog Box Bitonal Filters Dialog Box (page 302) Rectangular Cropping Remove all the raster data outside a defined rectangular region, which can be rotated at any angle. To remove raster data outside a rectangle 1 Click Image menu ➤ Crop ➤ Rectangular Region. 2 Select a point that represents one corner of the rectangular crop region. A rubber-band line is displayed to help you establish the angle.
Command Line icroprect Diagonal Cropping Remove all the raster data outside a parallelogram. To remove raster data outside a diagonal region 1 Click Image menu ➤ Crop ➤ Diagonal Region. 2 Select a starting point for the diagonal crop region. This point can be any corner of the area that you want to preserve. 3 Select a second point to define one of the edges of the area you want to preserve. A bounding parallelogram is displayed to help you select the next point.
2 Pick a minimum of three points around the raster data you want to preserve. 3 Right-click and click Enter to close the polygon. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Crop ➤ Polygonal Region Raster Design Toolbar Command Line icroppoly Aligned Rectangular Cropping Remove all the raster data outside a rectangular region that is aligned at any angle, while preserving the rotation angle of the original image. To crop raster data outside an aligned rectangle 1 Click Image menu ➤ Crop ➤ Aligned Rectangular Region.
Command Line icropalign Removing (Rubbing) Images You can rub raster data within an image or across multiple images. Only the images that are within or partly within the selected entity or area affected. Rubs use the current transparency color. For example, if the color for transparency is blue, then the rub is drawn in blue. If you later change the transparency color, the color of the rubbed area remains blue, but subsequent rubs are drawn in the new color.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Remove ➤ Line Raster Design Toolbar Command Line irubline Rubbing a Raster Arc You can remove a raster arc by picking the start, center, and end points of the raster arc. You must set an appropriate line width. For more information, see Rub and Crop Line Width (page 266). NOTE Unlike previous versions of Raster Design, rubs permanently change the raster data after you have saved the image. They do not temporarily remove raster data from the display.
Command Line irubarc Rubbing a Raster Circle You can remove a raster circle that has a width (sometimes called a donut) by picking three points on the circle. You must set an appropriate line width. For more information, see Rub and Crop Line Width (page 266). NOTE Unlike previous versions of Raster Design, rubs permanently change the raster data after you have saved the image. They do not temporarily remove raster data from the display. To reverse a rub, use the AutoCAD UNDO command.
NOTE Unlike previous versions of Raster Design, rubs permanently change the raster data after you have saved the image. They do not temporarily remove raster data from the display. To reverse a rub, use the AutoCAD UNDO command. To rub multiple line segments 1 Set an appropriate line width for the rub. 2 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Polyline. 3 Select the first point of the line segment you want to rub. 4 Select the second point of the line segment you want to rub.
To remove the raster data within a circular region 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Circular Region. 2 Select the center point of the raster circle you want to remove. 3 Select the second point to define the radius of the raster circle. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Remove ➤ Circular Region Raster Design Toolbar Command Line irubcirc Rubbing Raster Data Within a Diagonal Region You can rub raster data within a diagonal parallelogram.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Remove ➤ Diagonal Region Raster Design Toolbar Command Line irubdiag Rubbing Raster Data Within a Polygonal Region You can remove raster data by defining a polygon around the data you want to remove. NOTE Unlike previous versions of Raster Design, rubs permanently change the raster data after you have saved the image. They do not temporarily remove raster data from the display. To reverse a rub, use the AutoCAD UNDO command.
Rubbing Raster Data Within a Rectangular Region You can rub raster data within a rectangular region. NOTE Unlike previous versions of Raster Design, rubs permanently change the raster data after you have saved the image. They do not temporarily remove raster data from the display. To reverse a rub, use the AutoCAD UNDO command. To rub the raster data within a rectangular region 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Rectangular Region. 2 Select a starting point for the rectangle.
NOTE The Remove Raster Under Vector tool does not remove raster data within the selected vector, only around the selected vector. For instance, using a vector polygon will only remove the raster around the polygon segments, ignoring the raster data within the interior of the polygon. To remove raster data using existing vector geometry 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Raster Under Vector. 2 Select the vector geometry to remove that portion of the underlying raster image.
Removing a Line, Arc, or Circle Using Smart Pick You can delete a raster line, arc, or circle that you define as a primitive object. Raster Design automatically detects the geometry of the selected raster entity (line, arc, or circle) and immediately deletes the entity. When you remove the entity, Raster Design automatically cleans up intersections with other raster entities. You can use raster snaps to assist in selecting the raster entity. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237).
Removing a REM Line Primitive You can delete a raster line that you define as a primitive object. When you remove the line, Raster Design automatically cleans up the intersections of the line with other raster entities. You can use raster snaps to assist in selecting the raster line. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237). NOTE This command is available only for bitonal images. To remove a REM line primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Line Entity.
NOTE This command is available only for bitonal images. To remove a REM arc primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Arc Entity. 2 Select the raster arc using one of the following methods ■ Select a single point on the arc. ■ Enter c and then select the center point, the start point, and the end point. Instead of selecting the end point, you can also enter a and specify the angle, or you can enter l (lowercase L) and specify the chord length.
To remove a REM circle primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Remove ➤ Circle Entity. 2 Select the raster circle using one of the following methods ■ Select a single point on the circle. ■ Enter 2p and select two points to define the diameter of the circle. ■ Enter 3p and select three points on the circumference.
For example, if your source image has a value of 200 dpi, and your destination image has the value of 400 dpi, the destination image will retain the value of 400 dpi after you have performed a merge. The destination image is expanded to encompass your source image(s). The background will be filled with the transparency color. You can change the transparency color in your image. For more information, see Transparency Color of an Image (page 62). To merge images together 1 Click Image menu ➤ Merge ➤ Images.
To merge vectors into a raster image 1 To display the Select objects prompt at the command line, click Image menu ➤ Merge ➤ Vector into Raster. 2 Select the vectors and image you want to merge. You are prompted to delete vectors if the Prompt to Delete Vectors check box is selected on the Vector Merge tab in the Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box. For more information, see Vector Merge Settings (page 268).
NOTE Enter -rpens to access the command line interface. 2 On the Color Index list, select the color(s) for which you want to modify the line width. 3 Enter the width you want in the Pen Width edit box, or select the Use Fixed Width check box, then enter the width you want to apply to all of the raster pens in the Pen Width edit box 4 Click OK to close the dialog and apply the raster pen settings.
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Raster Entity Manipulation 7 You can use Raster Entity Manipulation (REM) to edit raster entities in bitonal, color, and grayscale images. For example, you can adjust the radius of a raster circle, remove some dimension lines on a mechanical drawing, or copy electrical symbols from one image to another. You use REM commands to define raster entities as REM objects.
Characteristics of REM Objects In most respects, REM objects are similar to other AutoCAD objects. However, some behavior and characteristics of REM objects are specific to their function in Raster Design. How REM Objects Are Associated with an Image When you create a REM object, it is associated with an image. Any AutoCAD command that changes the geometry or location of a REM object causes the REM object to dissociate from the image. Such commands include MOVE, SCALE, ROTATE, and ERASE.
■ Adjacent images: One image is tiled next to another, and the geometry for the REM object is within or touching both images. Raster Design prompts you to select one or more images to operate on. If you are defining a region object, you can select multiple images and a REM object is created for each image. If you are defining an enhanced bitonal region object or a primitive object, you can select only one image when prompted.
See also: ■ Clearing REM Objects (page 197) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) Defining REM Region Objects Define a REM region object when you want to work with the pixels inside the specified area, such as the pixels within a polygon. You can define the region using the Raster Entity Manipulation submenu on the Image menu, the REM Regions toolbar, or the command line. You can define the following region objects: polygon, rectangle, diagonal, and circular.
Grip Behavior Each vertex of a polygonal, rectangular, or diagonal region object has a grip you can use to select the object. Moving a grip moves the object. A circular region object has five grips: one at the center of the circle and four grips on the circumference. If you stretch either the start or end grip point of a line, Raster Design redraws the line with the new start or end point, respecting the original line width. When the line is redrawn, Raster Design uses the current AutoCAD linetype.
To define a rectangular region object 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Region ➤ Rectangular. 2 Select two points to define the rectangle. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Region ➤ Rectangular REM Toolbar Command Line isrectreg Defining a REM Polygonal Region A polygonal region object includes all the pixels within the polygon you define. Click here to see an illustration of raster data selected within a polygon.
■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) To define a polygonal region object 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Region ➤ Polygonal. 2 Select points to define the polygon and then press Enter to close it.
All of the raster data within the defined diagonal region is selected. See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) To define a diagonal region object 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Region ➤ Diagonal. 2 Select points for the first corner point, the adjacent corner point, and the last corner point.
Click here to see an illustration of raster data selected within a circular region. All of the raster data within the defined circular region is selected. See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) To define a circular region object 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Region ➤ Circular.
Object Shortcut Menu Right-click image ➤ REM ➤ Create ➤ Circular Region Command Line iscircreg Defining a Region From an Existing Vector Object You can define a region object using the geometry of an existing vector object, such as a polyline, rectangle, circle, or ellipse. For example, you may have a vector circle corresponding to a 5-mile radius where an all-vegetation area will be affected by a contamination spill.
Object Shortcut Menu Right-click image ➤ REM ➤ Create ➤ From Existing Vector Command Line iregfromvec Removing Part of a Region Object You can remove part of a selected region object using a variety of methods that specify subregions, individual entities, or a series of connected entities. For example, you may have selected a shaft as a circular region object and would like to remove a drill hole from that shaft before moving the shaft.
■ Create an enhanced bitonal region object to select one or more raster entities. For more information, see Defining REM Enhanced Bitonal Regions (page 176). To remove part of a region object 1 Select the region object you want to modify. 2 Right-click, click Remove, and select a removal method. For more information on the methods, see Defining REM Enhanced Bitonal Regions (page 176). 3 Define the area that you want to remove from the first REM object.
See also: ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) NOTE You can define enhanced bitonal region objects only in bitonal images. An enhanced bitonal region is defined by the selection method you choose, based either on smart objects or connected objects. Smart Objects Use this type of object to select complete raster entities such as lines, arcs, circles, polygons, or text characters in a region.
To define a REM enhanced bitonal region 1 From the Menu Browser, click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Enhanced Bitonal Region. Then click the selection method. For more information on the methods, see Smart Objects (page 177) and Connected Objects (page 177). 2 Select one or more points to define the set of entities in the region. Quick Reference Menu From the Menu Browser, clickImage ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Enhanced Bitonal Region.
See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) NOTE Using an AutoCAD command such as MOVE causes the primitive object to be different from the original image. Raster Design erases the original raster data from the source image. For more information, see How REM Objects Are Associated with an Image (page 166).
line. If you stretch an end grip point, Raster Design redraws the line with the new endpoint, respecting the original width. If the line is redrawn, Raster Design uses the current linetype. If you move the center grip, the entire object moves. ■ A circle has five grips: one at the center of the circle and four on the circumference. Grip editing a REM circle is the same as editing an AutoCAD circle. If you move the center grip, the entire circle moves.
Click here to see an illustration of selecting a raster line (shown in red). To define a REM line primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Primitive ➤ Line. 2 Select the raster line using one of the following methods: ■ Select a single point on the line. ■ Type 2p, and select the start and end points of the raster line.
You can use raster snaps to select the raster circle. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237). See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) Click here to see an illustration of selecting a raster circle (shown in red). To define a REM circle primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Primitive ➤ Circle.
REM Toolbar Object Shortcut Menu Right-click image ➤ REM ➤ Create ➤ Circle Command Line iscircle Defining a REM Arc Primitive You can define an arc primitive when you need to edit or move a raster arc entity. You can use raster snaps to select the raster arc. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237).
To define a REM arc primitive 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Primitive ➤ Arc. 2 Select the raster arc using one of the following methods: ■ Select a single point on the arc. ■ Type c and then select the center point, the start point, and the end point. Instead of selecting the end point, you can also type a and specify the angle, or you can type l (lowercase L) and specify the chord length. ■ Type 3p and select the start point, a second point, and the end point of the arc.
You can use raster snaps to select the raster line, circle, or arc. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237). See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) To define a primitive object using Smart Pick 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Primitive ➤ Smart Pick. 2 Select the raster entity to be converted.
See also: ■ Resizing a REM Object (page 189) ■ Editing REM Objects (page 187) ■ Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) ■ Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) To define a REM primitive object from existing vectors 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Create Primitive ➤ From Existing Vector. 2 Select the vector object.
For example, you want to extend a gas line, shown as a dashed line. You define the line as a REM primitive object and use grips to stretch the line to a new position. Raster Design redraws this line as a continuous line. You use AutoCAD Properties dialog box to reapply the original linetype to the line before merging it into the image. To change the linetype of a primitive object 1 Select the primitive object. 2 Apply the linetype to the object. The raster line is redrawn using the new linetype.
The Edit Mode menu appears when you select one or more REM objects and right-click. This menu provides a mixture of AutoCAD commands and REM commands. AutoCAD Commands The following AutoCAD commands can operate on one or more REM objects: ■ COPY ■ COPYCLIP (copy to clipboard) ■ ERASE ■ MIRROR ■ MODIFY ■ MOVE ■ ROTATE ■ SCALE ■ STRETCH ■ UNDO NOTE AutoCAD commands that cannot be used on REM objects are BLOCK, WBLOCK, TRIM, EXTEND, and EXPLODE.
If you have multiple REM objects selected, only those options that are valid for all of the objects are enabled. For example, if you select three REM objects and only two of them are in refine mode, the Refine Mode option is unavailable on the menu.
Region Objects ■ REM polygonal, rectangular, and diagonal region objects have grips on each vertex and midpoint. You can reposition each vertex independently of the others. If you reposition a midpoint grip, the affected segment is broken into two segments. This operates like the Raster Design Image Mask object. All other grip operations, such as scale and stretch, use AutoCAD polyline grip behavior.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Refine Mode REM Toolbar Object Shortcut Menu Right-click REM object ➤ Refine Mode Command Line irefinemode Using REM Operations Use REM operations to trim or extend raster lines, to add offset lines, to add corner fillets, or to smooth raster linework. The REM operation commands are designed to function like the related AutoCAD commands for vector lines. Where possible, the REM commands use the same options as the AutoCAD commands.
3 Click the boundary edge, then right-click. 4 Click anywhere on the part of the line that you want to remove. The line is trimmed to the boundary edge. To extend a REM line 1 Ensure that the boundary edge of the REM line is marked with an intersecting REM or vector line. 2 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ REM Operations ➤ Extend. 3 Click the boundary edge, then right-click. 4 Click anywhere on the line that you want to extend. The line is extended to the boundary edge.
You can specify a radius for the corner arc by drawing a line or entering a numeric value. This radius is used as the default value for the next use of the fillet command in this editing session. If you specify no radius value, the two lines are extended to intersect. If you want to leave a small gap between the fillet and one of the lines, set the Trim option to No Trim. To add a fillet between two REM lines 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ REM Operations ➤ Fillet.
You can specify the offset distance by clicking a through point, drawing a line segment, or entering a numeric offset value. This offset distance is used as the default value for the next use of the offset command in this editing session. To create an offset from a REM object 1 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ REM Operations ➤ Offset. 2 Specify the offset distance by entering a number, drawing a line, or entering t then picking a through point. 3 Click the REM object to offset.
If you made the object's linetype dashed, Raster Design redraws a dashed line after you execute the Smooth command. If an object's linetype has not been set, the object is redrawn as continuous. If you are working with a REM primitive, Raster Design completely redraws the raster primitive. The linetype setting is maintained. To smooth the linework of REM objects 1 Click Image ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ REM Operations ➤ Smooth. 2 Select the REM objects and press Enter.
First, transform the raster data to REM objects, using one of three methods: ■ Convert individual line, arc, and circle entities to REM primitives. For more information, see Defining REM Primitive Objects (page 178). ■ If the raster data can be defined with a rectangle, circle, or polygon, create a REM region. For more information, see Defining REM Region Objects (page 168).
Clearing REM Objects Clearing a REM object has one of two effects, depending on whether the object is associated with an image: ■ If the REM object is associated with an image, clearing the object merges the raster data defined by the object into the image. ■ If the REM object is not associated with an image, clearing the object deletes the object. For example, you can define a region object and copy it to another area of the image.
iclearall (all objects) Merging REM Objects into an Image You can use the Merge to Raster Image command to merge REM objects into the source image or into another image. This command merges all selected REM objects into the image under them. If your REM objects are not over an image, a merge operation is not possible. If your REM objects are partly touching the image, the image expands to accommodate them. If your REM objects are below the image, the objects merge into the image above.
Object Shortcut Menu Select REM objects, then right-click ➤ Merge to Raster Image Command Line imergetoimg Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image You can convert one or more REM objects to a new raster image. If you select more than one REM object, Raster Design merges all REM objects into one new image. If the raster image was created from a REM polygonal or diagonal region, the image is clipped to match the geometry of the REM object.
REM Toolbar Command Line iconvtoimg Using REM Transparency REM objects respect the transparency settings of the source image, including state and color. You can change the transparency of a region object or an enhanced bitonal region object. REM primitive objects are always transparent. To turn the transparency of a REM object off or on 1 Select the REM objects whose transparency you want to change. 2 Click Image menu ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Transparency.
■ Display Capture copies the data of the REM object at screen resolution. You can specify the option for data capture on the REM tab (page 357) of the Raster Design Options dialog box. If you select REM objects from images with different properties (for example, images with different color depths and densities) and convert the objects to a new image, the properties of the new image are determined by the first REM object you select. NOTE You can also use Ctrl+C to run COPYCLIP.
To separate raster linework using Knife 1 Click Image ➤ Raster Entity Manipulation ➤ Knife. 2 Select the start and end points for the knife cut. 3 Continue selecting start and end points through each raster line you want to cut. 4 Press Enter to end the command.
Converting Raster Entities to Vector 8 Vectorization tools (VTools) can convert geometry and text in a bitonal raster image. With vectorization tools, you can: ■ Use a one-pick method to accurately trace raster entities you select. ■ Use a follower method to trace complex geometry, such as contours. ■ Verify and adjust a vector entity's dimensions as it is drawn to make it more precise. ■ Remove a raster entity automatically as you trace it.
can provide more information, change course, go back up to a previous vertex, or stop the follower. Vector separation options can help you to manage new vectors by automatically assigning line weights (widths) or drawing layers based on vector attributes. For more information, see the Vector Separation Options (page 373) dialog box. NOTE To make the most efficient use of vectorization tools, adjust the vectorization tools settings in the Raster Design Options dialog box.
you can use to edit the line work. This feature is particularly useful for providing numeric values for coordinates, line length, and angle. When Dynamic Input is disabled, the prompts appear only on the command line. To configure the pointer input and the dimension input, use the AutoCAD command DSETTINGS to open the Drafting Settings dialog box.
■ If OSNAP is inactive, or at least one point was not osnapped, ProdNameShort determines if POLAR or ORTHO snap is active. If so, ProdNameShort aligns the line by moving the endpoint. If one point was snapped earlier, then the free end is automatically considered the endpoint. ProdNameShort adjusts the angle about the start point without changing the length. The angle snap occurs only if the new endpoint falls within the tolerance distance.
settings are active, SmartCorrect automatically corrects the resulting line to conform to current drafting settings. For more information, see Using SmartCorrect (page 205). Multi-pick This method vectorizes a raster line that you define by clicking two or more points. The multi-pick method provides you with more control over the vectorizing process. It is useful for creating vector polylines, rectangles, circles, and arcs.
prompted to enter subsequent endpoints to create a single polyline with multiple segments. After you select a raster line to vectorize, the AutoCAD command line displays a number of choices. You can select another entity to vectorize using the one-pick method, or you can use any of the following options on the vector line segment you just created: ■ 2P, to select another entity using the multi-pick method. ■ Angle, to adjust the angle.
To convert a raster line to a vector line or polyline 1 For straight lines, click Image menu ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Line. Or for polylines, Click Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Polyline.. The following prompt appears: Specify one-pick point or [2P]: NOTE When you use the one-pick method to select the raster entity, ProdNameShort corrects the point you picked according to the current drafting settings or rounding values. For more information, see Using SmartCorrect (page 205).
■ Enter e (End) to verify the endpoint of the vector line segment you just created. A rubber-band line appears from the current start point. Click to select a new endpoint. ■ Enter sw (Switch) to make the current endpoint the start point, and the current start point the endpoint. ■ Enter t (Trim) to trim (shorten) the vector line segment you just created by clicking an intersecting vector entity. See Options for Trimming or Extending a Line (page 211).
■ To match the length of an existing vector line, enter m, then select the vector line. ■ To use a length from the Most Recently Used or Most Frequently Used list (depending on your settings in the Raster Design Options dialog box), right-click, then click a value on the shortcut menu.
Dialog Box VTools General Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 362) Vectorizing Raster Rectangles You can convert a raster rectangle to a vector rectangle by using the Rectangle tool. NOTE To make the most efficient use of the Rectangle tool, you should first adjust the settings on the VTools General tab on the Raster Design Options dialog box. For more information, see VTools General tab (page 362).
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Rectangle Raster Design Toolbar Command Line vrect Vectorizing Raster Circles The Circle tool converts raster circles to vector circles. Select a raster circle and ProdNameShort creates vector that matches its geometry. Depending on the settings you have specified on VTools General tab on the Raster Design Options dialog box, the Circle tool can even remove the underlying raster circle when you exit the command.
particularly useful when you are vectorizing several circles of identical diameter, or a set of concentric circles. To convert a raster circle to vector 1 Click Image menu ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Circle. The following prompt is displayed: Specify one-pick point or [Center/2P/3P]: 2 Do one of the following: ■ Select a raster circle using the one-pick selection method. ■ Enter c (Center), then select the center point and a point along the circumference of the circle.
■ Enter u (Undo) to undo the last circle selected. ■ Press Enter to exit the command. TIP Use raster snapping to make it easier to pick points on the raster entity you are converting. For more information, see Specifying Raster Snap Settings (page 237). Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Circle Raster Design Toolbar Command Line vcircle Vectorizing Raster Arcs The Arc tool converts raster arcs to vector arcs.
Once ProdNameShort has vectorized an arc, you can: ■ Vectorize another arc using any of the three selection methods discussed above. ■ Verify the center or radius of the arc. You can specify new values by numeric entry or by clicking another arc in the drawing that has an attribute you want to match. This matching operation is particularly useful when you are vectorizing several arcs of identical diameter, or a set of concentric arcs.
■ Press Enter to exit the command. TIP Use raster snapping to make it easier to pick points on the raster entity you are converting. For more information, see Specifying Raster Snap Settings (page 237). Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Arc Raster Design Toolbar Command Line varc Following Polylines The polyline follower tools can trace bitonal raster polylines and convert them to AutoCAD polyline entities or contours.
■ Backup to the last vertex. ■ Rollback to a previous vertex that you select with the pointer. ■ Specify a direction for the follower to take. This option is useful when the follower pauses at a “T” intersection. NOTE When you use the Direction option, it becomes the default option until another option is used or until the polyline is completed. ■ Continue in the direction that seems most apparent to the follower. This option is useful when the follower has simply paused at a raster intersection.
Using the Polyline Follower This tool traces raster polylines and converts them to AutoCAD polyline entities. See also: ■ Following Polylines (page 217) To convert a raster polyline to a vector 1 Click Image menu ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Polyline Follower. The following prompt appears: Specify point to follow or [manually Add/Partial]: 2 Do one of the following: ■ Enter a (Add) to manually add a point. ■ Enter p (Partial) to add a partial polyline.
■ Enter d (Direction), then click the direction you want the follower togo. You do not have to click on the entity, only near it, to specify the direction. ■ Enter o (Continue) to make the follower continue in the current direction. ■ Enter v (Vector), then select the vector to follow. You must specify the first and last vertices of the vector. ProdNameShort follows the vector entity between these vertices.
For general information on the use of polyline followers and operational settings, see Following Polylines (page 217). After completing a contour, ProdNameShort prompts you to enter an elevation, depending on the settings you have specified on the VTools Follower tab of the Raster Design Options dialog box. These settings also allow you to automatically increment the elevation value. For more information, see VTools Follower Settings (page 270).
■ Enter s (Switch) to switch between decision points. ■ Enter b (Backup) to back up to the previous vertex. ■ Enter r (Rollback), then click the vertex to which you want to roll back. ■ Enter d (Direction), then click the direction you want the follower to proceed in. You do not have to click on the entity, only near it, to specify the direction. ■ Enter o (Continue) to make the follower continue in the current direction. ■ Enter v (Vector), then select the vector to follow.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Contour Follower Raster Design Toolbar Command Line vfcontour Using the 3D Polyline Follower This tool interacts with raster entities and existing vectors to create AutoCAD 3D polylines. When using the 3D Polyline Follower, you can either draw a polyline fence that intersects raster contours, or you can select an existing polyline. ProdNameShort then follows the polyline, pausing at each intersection to prompt for elevation.
NOTE To make the most efficient use of the 3D Polyline Follower, you should first adjust the settings on the VTools Follower (page 360) tab on the Raster Design Options dialog box. To create a 3D Polyline 1 Click Image menu ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ 3D Polyline Follower. The following prompt appears: Specify first fence point or [follow Vector]: 2 Do one of the following: ■ Click several points to define a polyline fence that intersects several contours.
4 Repeat step 3, or press Enter to exit the command. NOTE When following an existing polyline, the 3D Polyline follower considers the end nearest the point you picked as the start point, regardless of the original start or endpoint for the polyline. TIP Use raster snapping to make it easier to pick points on the raster entity you are converting. For more information, see Raster Snapping (page 237).
Text Recognition ProdNameShort’s text recognition tools can recognize raster text in an image and convert it to AutoCAD vector text. These tools can recognize both machine-printed and hand-printed text displayed as plain text or text within a table. NOTE The Recognize Text tool is optimized for images with a resolution of 300 dpi. If the image resolution is less than 150, or greater than 400, you may get undesirable results.
■ Enter b (Baseline) to set the text baseline by clicking two points in the drawing to indicate the start point and the direction of the baseline. ■ Enter j (Justify) to specify the justification method for the text. ■ The following prompt is displayed: Specify justification [Left/Center/Right/Align/Mid/Fit] : For more information, see Justification Options (page 227). 3 In the drawing window, select an insertion point for the text, subject to the justification method.
■ Center, to place the insertion point at the center of the text baseline. ■ Right, to place the insertion point at the lower-right corner of the text baseline. ■ Align, to select two points to define the text baseline. This option does not stretch or compress the text like the Fit option; it maintains the aspect ratio of the text style and overrides any height setting you have specified. With this option, you do not need to specify an insertion point.
To create a block of multiline vector text 1 Click Image menu ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Multiline Text. 2 Enter a point to specify the first corner of the text box. 3 Enter a second point to define the angle of the baseline. 4 Enter a third point to define the extents of the Mtext box. The Text Formatting dialog box is displayed. This is formally known as the AutoCAD In-Place Text Editor. 5 Enter the replacement vector text in the In-Place Text Editor, and review text properties to ensure they are correct.
Using Text Recognition Text Recognition tools can convert the raster text in your image to AutoCAD text or AutoCAD Mtext. The recognition engine recognizes both machine-printed and hand-printed text displayed as text or as text in a table within the image. The text recognition commands can work on only one image at a time. NOTE The Recognize Text tool is optimized for images with a resolution of 300 dpi. If the image resolution is less than 150 or greater than 400, you may get undesirable results.
■ Dictionaries for spell checking ■ Language Character Set ■ Character types for recognition NOTE If you select multiple character sets, it increases the number of possible characters the system tries to recognize. As a result, the recognition process can be slower and produce more errors. TIP Review the area of text you select for recognition and ensure that you check all boxes for each class in the text.
Dialog Box Text Recognition Setup Dialog Box (page 371) Recognizing and Converting Text Use the text recognition tools to select raster text in your drawing and convert it to AutoCAD text or multiline text (Mtext). Separate tools exist for recognizing plain text and text within a table. They are very similar in operation, so both are described together in this topic.
NOTE The program maintains the angle you establish as a default, until you enter a new angle. 4 Click OK. The Verify Text window is displayed. A progress bar displays at the bottom of the window as the recognition is taking place. 5 Review the recognized raster text in the View window using options on the View window toolbar. For more information, see View Window Options (page 235). 6 Review the recognition results in the Edit pane using the options on the Edit pane toolbar.
13 Optionally, click Export to save the file as a text file. TIP Printed copy of the recognized raster text can be useful for reviews and hard copy edits. 14 Click OK to insert the AutoCAD text or Mtext into the drawing.
case, you can select a replacement word or character from the Change To list or enter the correct word and click Replace. Any changes to a word or character removes the highlighting for that word. Rejected characters (displayed as red tildes) remain in place and highlighted until they are replaced. For some characters, you may want to copy special characters from the Windows Character Map into the Edit pane.
Zoom Height: the recognized raster text fills the height of the view window and there is no vertical scroll bar. Zoom Extents: the recognized raster text is completely contained in the view window at the greatest zoom possible. Zoom In: expands the recognized raster text in the view window by a factor of 25% of its' normal size. The text may be zoomed in to a maximum factor of 300%. Zoom Out: shrinks the recognized raster text by a factor of 25% of its' normal size.
Raster Snapping 9 Raster Snap makes it easy to select points on raster entities when you are using vectorization tools (VTools) or REM commands. NOTE Raster Snapping works only with bitonal images. You can use raster snapping to move your AutoCAD cursor precisely to the center, end, corner, intersection or edge of a bitonal raster entity. When raster snapping is on (active), Raster Design displays a snap window (page 398) around the AutoCAD cursor.
Raster Snap is active only when you are in a command and are being prompted for a point. To set the snap settings 1 Click Click Image ➤ Raster Snap.. 2 On the Raster Snap (page 309) tab, under the Snap Modes section, select the snap mode or modes you want to use. If you choose more than one snap mode, then the cursor snaps to the closest of the possible snap points. For more information, see Snap Modes (page 238).
■ End snaps to the end of a raster line. NOTE When a line ends because it intersects another line, this is considered an intersection, not an end point. ■ Corner snaps to the intersection of 2 raster lines. ■ Intersection snaps to the intersection of 3 or more raster lines. The entire intersection must be in the snap window. ■ Edge snaps to the edge of a raster line. Any part of the raster line can be in the snap window.
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Configuring Raster Design 10 You can configure the appearance and behavior of ProdNameShort using the Options dialog box and other tools. Use toggle controls on the Image menu to control image frames and the Raster Design Quick Bar. The ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box (page 351) allows you to change many default settings. Changing the Quick Bar Visibility You can use the Toggle Quick Bar command to turn the Raster Design Quick Bar on and off.
Command Line iqbar Changing the Image Frame Visibility An image frame (page 391) encloses an image. You can make an image frame invisible while you continue to display the image. To make frames invisible or visible ■ Click Image ➤ Toggle Frames.. NOTE When frames are invisible, or when an image is on a locked or frozen layer or on a layer that is turned off, you cannot select the image by clicking the frame.
The default Internet location is loaded each time you click to go to the Internet from either the Insert Image dialog box or the Save As dialog box. From this location, you can use standard Internet navigation methods to search or browse to another location as required. To set the default Internet location for browsing files 1 Ensure that the Tools menu is visible in the application window.
Setting the Options The ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box (page 351) provides many settings for the control of Raster Design tools and operations. Any settings you specify here persist as default settings for the next session. Contour Vector Separation Options These settings are used in vectorization to specify vector line widths for contours based on their elevation interval. For instance, you might set the elevation interval for major contours to 50, and the elevation interval for minor contours to 10.
NOTE ProdNameShort first checks to see if the elevation is a multiple of the Major Interval. 8 In the Major section, set the elevation interval for major contours, then select a default Layer and specify a Polyline Width for these contours. 9 If you want to import vector separation settings, click Import. Vector separation files have a .vs extension. 10 If you want to export the current vector separation settings, click Export.
NOTE Setting the correlation defaults can save you time if you have multiple images that require the same insertion point, scale, rotation, and density (page 387). To set the correlation defaults 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Image Defaults tab. 3 Under Insertion Point, type default insertion point coordinates in the X and Y boxes. The precision of this point depends on the precision value in the AutoCAD Units Control dialog box.
Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Image Defaults Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 351) Correlation Search Paths These paths specify the default location of image correlation data. Correlation files store data about an image insertion point, scale, rotation, and density (page 387). Correlation paths can specify a folder on a local or network drive or a location on the Internet. The read path specifies where ProdNameShort searches when loading correlation information.
■ Web, to navigate to an http or ftp location. TIP A quick method to copy a URL to the Read Path text box: Navigate to a page containing a link to the page you want, then right-click and choose Copy Shortcut on the shortcut menu to copy the URL to the Windows Clipboard. Paste the URL in the Read Path text box by pressing Ctrl+V. 4 Enter a path in the Write Path text box, or click Browse, then choose one of the following: ■ Local, to navigate to a folder on a local or network drive.
General Vector Separation Options These settings are used in vectorization to specify vector line widths, layer assignments, and the handling of non-continuous lines. You can use the Width Table to automatically assign layer and polyline width values to the vectors based on the width of the original raster. In this table, you specify how to handle lines of particular width ranges. Lines of a different width are assigned the default values for layer and polyline width.
8 In the Default section, select a default Layer and Polyline Width. 9 If you want to import vector separation settings, click Import. Vector separation files have a .vs extension. 10 If you want to export the current vector separation settings, click Export. 11 If you want to make the current vector separation settings the default values, click Save As Default. 12 Click OK to exit the dialog box.
■ Rub automatically rubs the underlying raster. This setting uses the Rub/ Crop Line Width setting to determine the width of the raster it rubs. For more information, see Rub and Crop Line Width (page 266). ■ REM deletes the underlying raster. However, unlike the Rub setting, this option recognizes raster line width and leaves raster intersections intact. NOTE The 3D Polyline Follower always uses the None option.
length and angle values for lines and polylines, and to the radius value for arcs and circles. 11 If Round Values is selected, select one of the following rounding options: ■ AutoCAD Precision (LUPREC/AUPREC) uses the precision value set in the Drawing Units dialog box. ■ Specified Precision uses the precision values you set in the associated Length and Angle text boxes. Specified Precision rounds to a multiple of the value you entered. For instance, if you specified a length precision of .
3 Under Image Detach Options, select one of the following methods: ■ Ask Before Detach prompts you to before detaching an image. ■ Always Detach automatically detaches an image. ■ Never Detach does not detach an image. 4 Click OK to exit the dialog box. NOTE If you select the Never Detach option, you can manually detach an image using the AutoCAD IMAGE command.
4 Click OK to exit the dialog box. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Options Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Image Defaults Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 351) Image Mask Options These settings specify whether masks are enabled, and the behavior of images outside a mask boundary. To change settings for mask options 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Image Mask tab.
NOTE If you select Do Not Affect, any images that were previously unloaded by the mask must be manually reloaded if you want to view them. Any images that were previously hidden by the mask must be manually shown. To show a hidden image, select the image frame, then right-click and click Show Image. 5 If you select Hide Image(s) or Unload Image(s), you can select Show Image Frame(s) to show the frames of hidden or unloaded images.
3 In the Thumbnail Option section, select Save Thumbnail with Image. 4 Click OK to exit the dialog box. NOTE This option is used only with file formats that support embedded previews. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Options Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Feature Settings Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 352) Inserting Images From GSX or ESP These settings specify how to handle images imported from drawings created by CAD Overlay GSX or CAD Overlay ESP.
ProdNameShort searches along the AutoCAD project files search path for an image filename that matches the name of your drawing (the main image), but you can select which image types (file extensions) you want it to search for. For more information about setting the project files search path, see the AutoCAD online Help. To insert GSX or ESP images into your drawing 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Paths tab.
Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Paths Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 355) Locking Method for Image Files This setting is for users on a network to specify whether and how to lock files that are in use. Locking provides write access for the first person that opens the file. Anyone else who opens the file can read it but is denied write access until the first person closes the file. An image file is locked when ProdNameShort creates a lock file using the image base name with a .
■ Lock File, if you are on a network that does not support DOS File Sharing and if you are using more than one platform on the network. ■ OS/Network Locking, if you are on a network that supports DOS File Sharing and you are using more than one platform. NOTE You cannot lock files on the Internet. 4 If you choose a locking option, you can specify the Lock File Directory where lock files will be saved. If you do not specify a directory, lock files are stored in the same directory as the image file.
3 In the Message Display section, click one of these options: ■ No Messages, to prevent ProdNameShort from displaying warnings while you are editing an image. ■ Command Line, to display warnings on the command line only. ■ Message Box, to display all warnings while you are editing an image. 4 Click OK to exit the dialog box.
4 Click OK to exit the dialog box. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Options Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box User Preferences Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 358) New Image Defaults These setting specify default properties for a new ProdNameShort image. Setting these defaults can save you time if you have multiple images that require the same properties.
NOTE You should set this value to the density at which your images are scanned. 6 In the Default Color Type section, click a color type for the new image: ■ Bitonal (1-bit), with two colors. ■ Grayscale (8-bit), with 256 shades of gray. ■ Indexed Color (8-bit), with 256 paletted colors. ■ True Color (32-bit), with up to 16.7 million colors. NOTE Selecting True Color uses more system resources. 7 If you want the New Image dialog box to appear when you create a new image, select Show New Image Dialog.
To set the QSave Preference 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the User Preferences tab. 3 If you want to be prompted to save your images when you use the AutoCAD QSave command, select Prompt during QSave. 4 Click OK to exit the dialog box.
5 Click OK to exit the dialog box. Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Options Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box User Preferences Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 358) Raster Entity Detection Settings These settings specify the way REM tools and vectorization tools detect and follow raster entities. The settings are divided among three categories: ■ Single pick options specify the maximum distance within which a raster entity can be initially selected.
4 Select Stop At Intersections to determine whether ProdNameShort detects segments or entire primitives. 5 Select Use Raster Pick Gravity check box to define the size of the area around the point you pick in which ProdNameShort can search for raster. 6 If you selected Use Raster Pick Gravity, enter a numerical pixel width value in the Pick Aperture (Pixels) text box to define a new aperture size. 7 Under Multi Pick Options, enter a value in the Float Tolerance (Pixels) box.
To change default settings for REM objects 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the REM tab. 3 For Color of REM Objects, click Select to display the color palette. 4 Select a color and click OK. 5 Choose an option in the Clipboard Settings section. These options apply when you use the REM Copy to Clipboard command (icopyss): ■ Display Capture maintains the display scale and rotation of the objects in the REM selection set.
This value is also used if you have Rub selected as your VTools Removal Method. As you trace your raster objects, the vectorization tools use the rub/crop line width to determine the width of the raster that is rubbed. For more information, see General VTool Settings (page 250). Changes that you make to Autorub at the command line update the settings in the Raster Design Options dialog box: ■ If you turn AutoRub off, None is selected as the VTools Removal Method in the Raster Design Options dialog box.
Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Feature Settings Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 352) Remove Under Method This setting specifies how the Remove Raster Under Vector tool removes raster data during vectorization. To change the removal method for Raster Under Vector 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Feature Settings tab. 3 In the Removal Method section, select the Rub or REM option. 4 Click OK to exit the dialog box.
To change the vector merge defaults 1 Click Image menu ➤ Options. The Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box is displayed. 2 Click the Vector Merge tab. 3 Under Prompting Options, select one of the following: ■ Select Prompt to Delete Vector if you want to be prompted to delete all selected vectors after the Vector Merge command is completed. NOTE Selecting this check box disables the Always Delete Vector and the Never Delete Vector options.
Quick Reference Menu Image ➤ Options Raster Design Toolbar Command Line ioptions Dialog Box Vector Merge Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 359) VTools Follower Settings These settings specify the behavior of follower tools during vectorization. Some settings apply only to the contour follower and the 3D polyline follower.
6 If you selected End Current Polyline If Closed Loop Detected, specify the tolerance distance in one of two ways: enter a numeric value, or click Pick and click two points in the drawing. Polylines whose endpoints fall within this distance will be automatically closed. 7 If you want to control how ProdNameShort draws the polylines and contours produced by the follower, select Post Process Points.
12 If you want the follower to pause only at raster intersections, ignoring other vertices, select Use Raster Impact Points Only. 13 If you want to prevent the follower from pausing at raster speckles, select Ignore Raster Speckles. 14 If you selected Ignore Raster Speckles, enter a pixel value in the Speckle Size (Pixels) text box, or click the Pick button to specify a speckle size by clicking a speckle in the image, or by clicking two points to define a rectangular window.
Troubleshooting and Reference Guide A This chapter includes troubleshooting information, and a reference guide to Raster Design menus, commands, and toolbars. Troubleshooting If the information you need cannot be readily found in the AutoCAD Raster Design User's Guide, the following troubleshooting topics may help you find the solution you're looking for.
Image Editing When you use an editing command on an image, that image may rise to the top of the display order. Use the AutoCAD REGEN command to restore the proper display order. For more information, see Changing the Display Order of Images (page 73). Raster Snap Troubleshooting If you set a raster snap setting and you cannot see the snap window, then make sure your drawing VPOINT is set to 0,0,1. If you still cannot see the snap window, then adjust the snap window size or try zooming into the image.
If you want to edit the image, and the image is Then NOTE If the image file is still locked even after the other person closed the drawing, then close the drawing you are working on and reopen it. Or, you could erase the image from your drawing and then reinsert it. on an AutoCAD layer that is locked, frozen, or invisible Unlock, thaw, or turn on the layer that the image is on. in a format that Raster Design can only read Save the image to a file format that Raster Design can read and write.
Sharing Projects with Images from Different Locations Often, two or more people work on a project together. If the images they're using are stored in different locations, problems can occur. For instance, two people are sharing a project in which the image is stored on CD while the AutoCAD drawings are stored on their respective hard drives. One person's CD drive is labeled E, and the other's is labeled H. Each time they send files back and forth they have to browse to each image's path.
iabout Displays the Raster Design version number, serial number, and name of the registered owner. ibfilter Uses filters to smooth, thin, thicken, separate, or skeletonize bitonal images. Related topic: Using Bitonal Filters (page 112) ibias Changes an image's dimensions in the X or Y direction. Related topic: Adjusting the Image Bias (page 86) icapture Captures the current image. Related topic: Capturing an Image (page 47) iclear Clears the selected raster entity manipulation (REM) objects.
Related topic: Line Cropping (page 145) icroppoly Crops raster data outside a polygonal region. Related topic: Polygonal Cropping (page 147) icroprect Crops raster data outside a rectangular region. Image frame matches angle of crop. Related topic: Rectangular Cropping (page 146) idelarc Deletes a REM arc primitive. Related topic: Removing Raster Entities Using REM Commands (page 156) idelcircle Deletes a REM circle primitive.
ieraseinsertion Erases the selected image. Related topic: Erasing an Image (page 74) iexport Saves an image by exporting it. Related topic: Exporting Images (page 48) iframe Changes the image frame visibility. Related topic: Changing the Image Frame Visibility (page 242) ihelp Opens Raster Design Help. ihideimage Hides the selected image(s) from view. To reverse this command, use ishowimage. Related topic: Showing and Hiding Images (page 72) ihideinsertion Hides the selected image.
imaskedit Changes the image mask properties for the new mask. Related topic: Changing an Existing Mask (page 138) imaskconvert Converts a mask to an image clip. Related topic: Converting a Mask to Image Clips (page 143) imatch Aligns points on an image with those on another image or drawing. Related topic: Matching Image Points (page 28) imergetoimg Converts selected REM objects into pixels in a specified image.
Related topic: Entering Settings for Text Recognition (page 230) irectable Converts raster text in a table to AutoCAD text. Related topic: Recognizing and Converting Text (page 232) irectext Converts raster text to AutoCAD text. Related topic: Recognizing and Converting Text (page 232) irefinemode Uses raster entity manipulation (REM) refine mode to change the size and shape of a REM region or primitive object.
Related topic: Rubbing a Raster Line (page 149) irubpline Rubs multiple line segments. Related topic: Rubbing Multiple Line Segments (page 151) irubpoly Removes raster data within a polygonal region. Related topic: Rubbing Raster Data Within a Polygonal Region (page 154) irubrect Removes raster data within a rectangular region. Related topic: Rubbing Raster Data Within a Rectangular Region (page 155) isarc Converts a raster arc entity to an arc primitive.
Related topic: Defining REM Enhanced Bitonal Regions (page 176) iselectall Selects all raster entity manipulation (REM) objects in an image. Related topic: Editing REM Objects (page 187) iselectallinsertions Selects all the insertions. Related topic: Selecting an Image (page 79) ishowimage Displays an image that was hidden. Related topic: Showing and Hiding Images (page 72) ishowinsertion Shows the selected image.
Related topic: Embedding Images in a Drawing (page 42) ivmerge Merges vectors into raster image. Related topic: Merging Vectors into a Raster Image (page 161) ivseparation Edits vector separation options. Related topic: General Vector Separation Options (page 249) iworldout Exports the correlation data for an image to a world file. Related topic: Exporting a World File (page 52) izoomtoinsertion Zooms to the selected image.
Related topic: Creating Multiline Vector Text (page 228) vpline Converts raster lines to vector lines or polylines. Related topic: Vectorizing Raster Lines and Polylines (page 207) vrect Draws a vector rectangle to match or replace a raster rectangle. Related topic: Vectorizing Raster Rectangles (page 212) vtext Creates a line of vector text. Related topic: Creating Single-Line Vector Text (page 226) AutoCAD Commands for Images You can use standard AutoCAD commands to manage image frames.
■ IMAGEQUALITY. Specify whether to display the image in draft or high quality. ■ IMAGEFRAME. Turn image frames off and on. ■ TRANSPARENCY. Turn transparency off and on for an image. For more information about AutoCAD commands, see the AutoCAD Help. Image Menu The following table lists the commands on the Raster Design Image menu, with descriptions and links to related dialog boxes or Help topics. This menu is only available when using the Map Classic Workspace.
Cleanup Displays a submenu of commands used to clean up images and repair the effects of scanning mistakes and other imperfections. See Cleaning Up Images (page 82) Image Processing Displays a submenu of commands used to enhance the appearance of your image or convert an image to a different image type. See Image Processing (page 91) Raster Entity Manipulation Displays a submenu of commands used to define and manipulate raster objects.
Toggle Quick Bar Changes the visibility of the Quick Bar. See Changing the Quick Bar Visibility (page 241) Options Displays the Raster Design Options (page 351) dialog box used to Configure Raster Design. Raster Design Home Page Opens the Raster Design home page on the Internet if you have an Internet connection and browser. Help Displays the Raster Design Help. About Raster Design Displays Raster Design product and licensing information. Toolbars Raster Design includes a number of toolbars.
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Save/Export Related Procedure Saving an Image (page 39) isave Saving an Image (page 39) isaveas Saving an Image (page 39) iexport Exporting Images (page 48) iworldout Exporting a World File (page 52) icapture Capturing an Image (page 47) Correlate Tools Correlating Images (page 21) imatch Matching Image Points (page 28) idisplace Correlating an Image After Insertion (page 28) iscale Scaling an Image (page 30) irsheet Rubbersheeting an Image (page 31)
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure idespeckle Removing Speckles from an Image (page 84) ibias Adjusting the Image Bias (page 86) iinvert Reversing the Light and Dark Shades in an Image (page 88) imirror Mirroring an Image (page 88) itouchup Touching Up an Image (page 89) Image Processing Tools Image Processing (page 91) ihistogram Adjusting Images with the Histogram (page 92) iconvolve Convolving an Image (page 105) ibfilter Using Bitonal Filters (page 112) idensity Ch
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure imaskconvert Converting a Mask to Image Clips (page 143) imaskedit Changing an Existing Mask (page 138) Crop Tools Cropping Images (page 144) icropline Line Cropping (page 145) icropcirc Circular Cropping (page 145) icroprect Rectangular Cropping (page 146) icropdiag Polygonal Cropping (page 147) icroppoly Polygonal Cropping (page 147) Remove Tools Removing (Rubbing) Images (page 149) irubline Rubbing a Raster Line (page 149) irubcircl
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure irubrect Rubbing Raster Data Within a Rectangular Region (page 155) irubdiag Rubbing Raster Data Within a Diagonal Region (page 153) irubpoly Rubbing Raster Data Within a Polygonal Region (page 154) irmvexisting Remove Raster Using Existing Vector Geometry (page 155) idelsmart Removing Raster Entities Using REM Commands (page 156) idelline Removing a REM Line Primitive (page 158) idelcircle Removing a REM Circle Primitive (page 159) idelar
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure vpline Vectorizing Raster Lines and Polylines (page 207) vrect Vectorizing Raster Rectangles (page 212) vcircle Vectorizing Raster Circles (page 213) varc Vectorizing Raster Arcs (page 215) vtext Creating Single-Line Vector Text (page 226) vmtext Creating Multiline Vector Text (page 228) vfpline Following Polylines (page 217) vfcontour Using the Contour Follower (page 220) vf3dpoly Using the 3D Polyline Follower (page 223) Recognize Te
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure isnap Raster Snapping (page 237) iframe Changing the Image Frame Visibility (page 242) iqbar Changing the Quick Bar Visibility (page 241) ioptions Setting the Options (page 244) Accessing the ProductNameShort Home Page (page 4) ihelp No related procedure; opens main page of Raster Design Help Raster Entity Manipulation Toolbars These toolbars are only available when using the Map Classic Workspace.
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure iclear Clearing REM Objects (page 197) iclearall Clearing REM Objects (page 197) iselectall Editing REM Objects (page 187) irefinemode Resizing a REM Object (page 189) iremove Using REM to Delete Raster Data (page 195) imergetoimg Merging REM Objects into an Image (page 198) iconvtoimg Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image (page 199) itransparent Using REM Transparency (page 200) ismooth Smoothing REM Linework (page 194) icopyss
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure ispolyreg Defining a REM Polygonal Region (page 170) isrectreg Defining a REM Rectangular Region (page 169) isdiagreg Defining a REM Diagonal Region (page 171) iscircreg Defining a REM Circular Region (page 172) iregfromvec Defining a Region From an Existing Vector Object (page 174) REM Enhanced Bitonal Regions Toolbar Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Tools Related Procedure Defining REM Enhanced Bitonal Regions
Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure isebrcon, w connected window (page 386) isebrcon, wp connected window polygon isebrcon, cp connected crossing polygon isebrcon, f connected fence (page 385) REM Primitives Toolbar Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command REM Primitive Tools Related Procedure Defining REM Primitive Objects (page 178) issmart Defining REM Primitive Objects (page 178) isline Defining a REM Line Primitive (page 180) iscircle Defining a REM Circle Primitive (page 1
REM Operations Toolbar Toolbar Icon Command-Line Command Related Procedure ismooth Smoothing REM Linework (page 194) itrim Trimming and Extending REM Lines (page 191) iextend Trimming and Extending REM Lines (page 191) ifillet Filleting REM Lines (page 192) ioffset Offsetting REM Objects (page 193) The Quick Bar The Raster Design Quick Bar provides quick access to the settings you use most often while performing REM or VTools operations.
Toolbar Icon Name Description Raster Snap Corner Snaps to the intersection of two raster lines. Raster Snap Intersection Snaps to the intersection of 3 or more raster lines. The entire intersection must be in the snap window. Raster Snap Edge Snaps to the edge of a raster line. Any part of the raster line can be in the snap window.
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Raster Design Dialog Boxes B Use the following links to access information about the AutoCAD Raster Design dialog boxes. About AutoCAD Raster Design Box This dialog box displays information about AutoCAD Raster Design. Copyright information and product information is displayed. Product information includes the version number and service pack, serial number, license type and expiration date, and the text of the license agreement. You can save the product information as a text file.
Related procedures: ■ Assigning a Color Map to an Image (page 18) Bitonal Filters Dialog Box Use this dialog box to access the different filter types. You can use these filters in conjunction with other cleanup options, such as Despeckle and Deskew. Filter Type Smooth Removes unnecessary pixels from the edges of raster objects, fills holes in raster lines, and removes speckles from the raster image. Thin Trims raster objects by one pixel (per pass) in the directions you specify.
Related procedures: ■ Using Bitonal Filters (page 112) Change Density Dialog Box Use this dialog box to change the pixel density of an image or change the resampling method. Current Settings Displays existing pixel density, pixel size, and image dimensions New Settings Density Specifies the pixel density (pixels/inch) and pixel size (inches/pixel). You can change either one of these values, and it automatically changes the other value as well as the image dimensions.
Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how files are displayed. Tools Provides options for finding files, adding or modifying an FTP site, or saving a shortcut to the current folder.
Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how files are displayed. Tools Provides options for finding files, adding or modifying an FTP site, or saving a shortcut to the current folder. Places List Displays shortcut icons to locations such as the desktop, FTP, and Buzzsaw.com.
File Horizontal Coordinate System Code The GeoTIFF code that identifies a coordinate system for the image. Select Opens the Select Coordinate System (page 368) dialog box where you can select a code by name, based on the region where it is used. Properties Opens the GeoTIFF Coordinate System Properties (page 315) dialog box to display the detailed properties of the coordinate system specified by the GeoTIFF code. Name Specifies the name of the coordinate system referenced by the GeoTIFF code.
Description Specifies basic information about the coordinate system. Data Organization Dialog Box Use this dialog box to specify how to organize the data in an exported image. Click Monolithic for small images, and either Tiled or Stripped for large images. Despeckle Dialog Box Use this dialog box to clean up a bitonal image by removing stray pixels, often called “speckles.” In this dialog box, use AutoCAD units to specify the size of the speckles you want to remove.
Area for Capture Defined By Specifies how the capture extents are defined: ■ Display – the extents of the current display ■ Layer Extents – the full extents of the layer in Display Manager including all available images ■ Window – the extents will be defined by a window that you draw on the screen Capture Resolution Display Specifies that the capture will have the same resolution as the current display. Source Specifies that the capture will use the resolution, units, and scale of the source image.
The Raster Snap (page 309) tab is specific to Raster Design. Three other tabs (Object Snap, Polar Tracking, Snap and Grid) are AutoCAD standards and link to the AutoCAD Help system. The Options button opens the AutoCAD Options dialog box where the Drafting tab lets you set the AutoSnap Marker Size and Aperture Size. All controls in this dialog box are explained in the AutoCAD Help system. Raster Snap Tab (Drafting Settings Dialog Box) Use this tab to turn Raster Snap on or off and to control its behavior.
Preferences Show Aperture Displays the aperture (page 381) while using raster snap. Aperture Size Specifies a size for the aperture in pixels. The maximum size is 300 pixels. Where raster entities are close together, a large aperture can make it difficult to select specific entities when several entities are inside the aperture. NOTE Aperture is defined in image pixels, not screen pixels, so the size of the aperture changes with the zoom level.
If you select an image that is not editable or that you cannot save to disk, then the Edit Status dialog box is displayed. Edit Status Options Image Name Lists the name(s) of the image(s) you selected. Indicates that you can edit the image and the edits can be saved to the image file. Indicates that you can edit the image, but the edits cannot be saved to the original image file. You need to save the image to another filename in order to save your edits.
Exporting is the only way to save some file types, such as multispectral image data and digital elevation models (DEM). If you are exporting multispectral data, the dialog box is titled Multispectral Export, and the export process saves each band file as a separate GeoTIFF image. Save In Specifies the folder where the exported file is saved. Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree.
Export Options Dialog Box Use this dialog box to control the format and metadata of an exported image. When you export an image, you can create a resource file or a world file for the image. These correlation files store insertion point, scale, rotation, and density (page 387) information for the image. You can use the resource file option to share images with other people using Raster Design, or to use the image in another drawing.
Export Palette Dialog Box Use this dialog box to save your changes to the current palette for use with another image. Export Options Save In Specifies the folder where the exported palette is saved. Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, where you can specify an Internet location to save the palette file. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder.
Related procedures: ■ Exporting an Image Palette (page 128) GeoTIFF Coordinate System Properties Dialog Box Use this dialog box to see detailed properties of the GeoTIFF coordinate system specified in the Coordinate System Assignment dialog box. The Projection properties are in one of two formats, depending on whether the coordinate system type is geographic or projected.
Pick Specifies the grid origin directly in the drawing. Cell X Size Specifies the distance between columns. Y Size Specifies the distance between rows. Pick Specifies the cell size by clicking two points directly in the drawing. Preview Displays a preview of the grid in the drawing. Add Points Creates a grid of destinations according to the values you specify by matching source points to destination points.
Contrast You can move the slider to the right to decrease the tonal gradation or to the left to increase the tonal gradation between the highlights, midtones, and shadows in an image. When contrast is increased to an extreme in a grayscale image, the shades of gray can be polarized to just black and white. In a color image, an extreme increase in contrast causes the selected color channel to become more prominent.
■ Rebuild Palette With All Colors. Creates a new palette to best accommodate all colors in the entire image. Because this image changes the palette, pixels inside and outside the sub-region may be affected by this option. ■ Rebuild Palette With New Colors. Also creates a new palette, but this option guarantees that colors in the sub-region are included in the palette by giving preference to those pixels over pixels outside the sub-region.
remaining pixels to use all of the colors in between. This is also known as a non-linear contrast stretch. You can equalize a grayscale image or a color image. When you equalize a color image, you have the option of selecting which color channel you want to equalize. For example, if you have an image that is composed of mostly red shades, then you can select the red channel and equalize only that channel, spreading out the red values so there is greater contrast.
Apply Equalizes the image and creates a new histogram that reflects the changes. RGB Specifies the color image. You can select the Red, Green, or Blue channel, or the combined RGB channel. For a grayscale image, you can only select the RGB channel. Preview Displays a preview of the image showing the modifications. Click an image name to view the preview for that image. Histogram changes apply to all images you have selected, not just to the image that is currently previewed.
Click an image name to view the preview for that image. Histogram changes apply to all images you have selected, not just to the image that is currently previewed. This preview does not show any display-only adjustments you may have made to the image using the AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command. If you apply changes to the image using the Histogram, then all display-only adjustments are reset to the defaults.
Related procedures: ■ Converting a Color Image to Grayscale (page 98) Tonal Adjustment Tab (Histogram Dialog Box) Use this tab to increase the detail in one part of the contrast curve without changing the detail in other parts. RGB Specifies the Red, Green, or Blue channel, or the combined RGB channel. For a grayscale image, you can only select the RGB channel. Vertical Scale slider Zooms in on the histogram.
Gamma Specifies the gamma value for the curve. The maximum value of 10 is the equivalent of moving the Gamma slider to the far left. The minimum value of 0.1 is the equivalent of moving the Gamma slider to the far right. White Specify a value in the text box, or move the white clipping slider, to adjust the point above which color values are displayed as white. Import Imports a curve as a Gamma Point List (*.gpl) file. Export Exports a curve as a Gamma Point List (*.gpl) file.
the palette, pixels inside and outside the sub-region may be affected by this option. ■ Rebuild Palette With New Colors. Also creates a new palette, but this option guarantees that colors in the sub-region are included in the palette by giving preference to those pixels over pixels outside the sub-region. Because this image changes the palette, pixels outside the sub-region may be affected by this option.
Description Describes the selected filter. Expand All Expands the list of filters. Run Filter Performs the filter operation on your image using the selected filter. Select a Filter Selects the filter when you select the box. Related procedures: ■ Convolving an Image (page 105) Image Insertion Dialog Box Use this dialog box to properly correlate (align) an image by specifying the insertion point, scale, and rotation.
Click to copy the selected color map; this is a good way to create a new color map based on an existing one. Click to edit the selected color map. Insert Into Display Clear this check box if you do not want to display the image. Band Assignment Color Map Use the lists for Red, Green, and Blue to specify a data band to display with each color channel. If you want to turn off a color channel, clear the check box for that color.
■ Resource File. A file created by the Raster Design Export operation or previous versions of Raster Design. Resource files have a .RES file extension. ■ World File. A file created by the Raster Design Export operation for all image formats, or by other applications. World files have different file extensions, depending on file type.
Units Displays the units of measure for the image. Image units are for horizontal measure; vertical units are for elevations, either US Survey Feet or Meters. If vertical units are not supplied by the image, this value defaults to the unit specified on Image Defaults Tab (ProductNameShort Options Dialog Box) (page 351). To avoid image distortion, this unit should match the unit used to capture the image.
Transform Tab (Image Insertion Dialog Box) This tab is displayed only if Raster Design is installed on an Autodesk geographic application such as AutoCAD Map or AutoCAD Land Desktop. Use this tab to transform the coordinate system of an image to match the coordinate system used in an AutoCAD Map drawing. In most cases, the system will select the correct code and related values for you. Enter Code Enter the coordinate system code, if available.
Image Manager Toolspace Use this toolspace to manage multiple image insertions, color maps, and related data. When you select an image or other object, its properties appear in the item view at the bottom of the toolspace. Opening the toolspace Raster Design Toolbar: Main menu: Click Image ➤ Manage.
Click to collapse the tree view, showing only the drawing. Click to expand the tree view, showing all objects in the hierarchy Click to toggle between image preview and a tabular item view in the secondary pane of the Image Insertions view See also: ■ Controlling the Image Manager Toolspace (page 65) Image Insertions View (Image Manager Toolspace) Use this view to manage inserted images and their color maps.
Oyher options include: Palette Assignment Color Map (page 345) dialog box for a DEM image or Band Assignment Color Map Dialog Box (page 301) dialog box for a multispectral image. ■ Zoom To. Zooms your display to show the image at full extents. ■ Hide/Show. A toggle control that hides or shows the image. ■ Erase. Erases the insertion and its color map. For more information, see erase (page 389). ■ Write. For eligible image types, displays a sub-menu where you can save or export the image.
Data band Color map Image insertion As shown in the figure, each data definition includes one or more band groups (examples: Truecolor and Bitonal) with subordinate bands. At the same level as the band groups are color maps (examples: RGB and BIN). Image insertions are placed subordinate to the color maps that define them. The location of the image insertion on the tree is a major difference between the Image Insertions view and the Image Data view.
For single-band integer (16- or 32-bit) data definitions, a submenu allows you to choose either a grayscale or palette color insertion. Choosing palette color opens the Palette Assignment Color Map dialog box. For multispectral data definitions, a submenu allows you to choose a grayscale, palette color, or false color insertion. Choosing grayscale opens the Assign Multispectral Band (page 301) dialog box. Choosing palette color opens the New Palette Color Insertion (page 344) dialog box.
Color Map Right-click a color map to see a menu with the following options: ■ Edit Color Map. Opens the dialog box for editing the color map for this insertion, such as: Select Color for a bitonal image, Image Adjust for a grayscale or color image. Other options include:Palette Assignment Color Map (page 345) dialog box for a DEM image, or Band Assignment Color Map (page 301) dialog box for a multispectral image. ■ New Insertion. Inserts a new instance of the image, using the current color map.
Select None Removes all selected images from the selection set. Import Data Dialog Box Use this dialog box to import files such control points and gamma point lists. Import Options Look In Specifies the folder where the file is saved. Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location and select drawing content for display in the AutoCAD Design Center palette.
Import Palette Dialog Box Use this dialog box to apply a saved palette (*.pf) to the current image. Look In Specifies the folder or directory that contains the palette. Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, where you can specify an Internet location for the palette file. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how palette files are displayed.
Palette Application Substitute Replaces the current palette with the imported palette. Indexed colors are not changed, they are simply mapped to the new colors in the imported palette. Match Replaces the current palette with the imported palette by re-mapping the indexed colors to the closest colors in the imported palette. Dither Replaces the current palette with the imported palette by re-mapping the indexed colors to the closest colors in the imported palette.
Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location and select drawing content for display in the AutoCAD Design Center palette. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how files are displayed. Tools Provides options for finding files, adding or modifying an FTP site, or saving a shortcut to the current folder. Places List Displays shortcut icons to locations such as the desktop, FTP, Buzzsaw.
Show Frames Only Displays only the frame (page 389) of the image you insert. Zoom To Image(s) Zooms to the extents of the image(s) you insert after correlation. Treat As Multispectral If two or more images are selected for insertion, this option verifies that they share the same image format, coordinate system, extents, and units. If they meet this criteria, the images can be handled as a multispectral dataset.
Related procedures: ■ Median Filter (page 106) Mirror Dialog Box Use this dialog box to choose the vertical or horizontal axis about which to mirror or flip an image. IMPORTANT The axes for mirror operations are always relative to the image. If the image has been rotated or repositioned in the drawing, the mirror axes are also moved, so they may not appear horizontal or vertical in the display. Top To Bottom Mirrors the object about the horizontal axis of the image.
Hide Information Closes the Information pane. Hide Preview Closes the Preview pane. Preview Displays thumbnail images of each frame in the set. You can review the images here and select the ones to be inserted. To review images, use the scroll bar or the keyboard arrow keys. To select images, use the mouse. Use the Shift key with the mouse to select a range of images; use the Ctrl key with the mouse to select several non-adjacent images.
Indexed Color (8-bit) Limits your image to 256 different colors. True Color (32-bit) Limits your image to 16.7 million colors. NOTE True Color uses more system resources. Image Properties Width Displays the physical width of the image in pixels and the current units. You can use the list to choose other units of measurement. Height Displays the physical height of the image in pixels and the current units You can use the list to choose other units of measurement.
Image(s) Outside The Image Mask Do Not Affect Specifies that the images outside the mask boundary are not modified. Hide Image(s) Hides the images that are outside the mask boundary. Unload Images Unloads from memory the images that are outside the mask boundary. Show Image Frame(s) Specifies the visibility of image frames. If you choose Hide Image(s) or Unload Image(s), then you can select this check box to show the hidden or unloaded frames. Define Image Mask Rectangle Draws a rectangular mask.
Click to create a new color map. Click to copy the selected color map; this is a good way to create a new color map based on an existing one. Click to edit the selected color map. Palette Assignment Color Map Dialog Box Use this dialog box to edit the color map of a digital elevation model (DEM) or other single-band image. Color Map Name On the list, click the color map you want to use for the image.
Data Interpretation Select the type of data to display about the surface: ■ Height (Feet). Land elevation in feet ■ Height (Meters). Land elevation in meters ■ Value. Land elevation in other units, or other data in the file ■ Slope (Percent). Ground slope expressed as a percentage ■ Slope (Angle). Ground slope expressed as an angle ■ Aspect.
If you want to manually set the range spreads, click Custom. You can also start by clicking Parametric to generate an initial set of ranges, then edit individual range values in the Range Table. When you start editing, the Value Distribution is reset to Custom. Palette The name of the current palette is displayed. An asterisk (*) before the name indicates that you have edited the palette in the Range Table. Click Import to import an existing palette.
in this column to edit values in the same way as in the range upper value column. Color Use this column to change the color assigned to each range. Double-click a single color to change it on the AutoCAD Select Color dialog. You can select one or more colors in this column, the right-click to cut, copy, paste, or assign a single color to the group. Palette Information Dialog Box This dialog box displays general information about the current image and its palette of colors or shades of gray.
HSL Displays the Hue, Saturation, and Luminosity (HSL) values on the status bar for the selected color. Sort By Specifies a sorting method for the color table and list view. Select Color Specifies a color (or colors) directly from the image. Color Table Specifies colors in the selection set. The color table is represented as a 32X8 grid of colors. You can select colors by clicking directly, or clicking and dragging.
Apply Saves your changes to the image palette without exiting the Palette Manager dialog box. Related procedures: ■ Manipulating the Color Table (page 118) ■ Importing and Exporting Image Palettes (page 125) ■ Controlling Palette Views (page 131) Raster Data Query Dialog Box Use this dialog box to display pixel data values at the cursor location over an image. This dialog box can be floated or docked in the left pane of the main window, similar to the Image Manager.
Select Image Queries a different image. Right-click for additional options. Pixel Display Color Specifies the displayed color values of the pixel under the cursor. Pixel Data Value Specifies other data values of the pixel under the cursor. Values depend on image type. For example, 0-255 for an indexed color or grayscale image. If the image is in 32-bit floating point format with a palette color map, the data here can be elevation, slope, or aspect, depending on the color map.
Rotation Specifies a default angular rotation for images. Density Specifies the default image density value (or resolution (page 395)), typically in dots per inch or per centimeter. For more information, see Changing Image Density (page 115). You should set the value to the most common density value at which your images are scanned. If you insert images that include density value and density unit information, then these defaults are not used.
OS/Network Locking Choose this option if you are on a network that supports DOS File Sharing. This option creates a lock file that is marked as locked by your operating system or network software. This file denies write access to the image file until the file is closed. With this method, if a lock file is present and your system fails, then the lock file is released by the network when you restart your computer. Lock File Directory Specifies a directory to store lock files in.
NOTE Setting the Image Mask defaults can save you time if you have multiple masks that require the same properties. Enable Mask Enables an existing mask for display. You can view the image clip as defined by the image mask. Image(s) outside the Image Mask Do Not Affect Ignores the images that are outside the mask boundary. Hide Image(s) Hides the images that are outside the mask boundary. Unload Image(s) Unloads from memory the images that are outside the mask boundary.
NOTE You should set this value to the density at which your images are scanned. Default Color Type Bitonal (1-bit) Sets a default for an image that consists of only two colors. Grayscale (8-bit) Sets a default for an image that contains 256 shades of gray. Indexed Color (8-bit) Sets a default color from the AutoCAD palette for an image that contains 256 different colors. True Color (32-bit) Sets a default for an image that contains up to 16.7 million colors.
Use Correlation Search Path Before Using Image Directory Instructs Raster Design to search for resource files using the read path for correlation before searching the image path stored in the drawing. Search For Correlation Files On The Internet Instructs Raster Design to search the Internet for associated correlation files. AutoPaste (ESP and GSX Compatibility) Use these options only if you are upgrading to Raster Design from CAD Overlay ESP or GSX.
REM Tab (Raster Design Options Dialog Box) Use this tab to choose settings for REM commands. For more information, see REM Settings (page 265). Color Of REM Objects Specifies the REM object default color, the color of all REM objects. If you change this setting and REM objects are already defined, REM objects change accordingly. Clipboard Settings Display Capture Instructs the Copy to Clipboard command (icopyss) to maintain the display scale and rotation of the objects in the REM selection set.
Pick Aperture (Pixels) Specifies the size of the aperture for pick gravity. Enter a numerical pixel width to define a new aperture size. Multi-Pick Options Float Tolerance (Pixels) Specifies the maximum pixel distance between raster and vector for the raster to be selected. The distance between the vector being followed and the underlying raster is constantly tested to ensure the raster falls within the float tolerance.
Message Display No Messages Prevents Raster Design from displaying warnings while editing an image. Command Line Displays warnings on the command line only. Message Box Displays all warnings while you are editing an image. Mouse Settings Shift + Left-Click Image Select Enables you to select images by placing your cursor over them and holding the Shift key down while clicking your left mouse button. This feature is useful when you are zoomed in to the image and cannot see the image frame.
Always Delete Vector Deletes all selected vectors after vector merge has completed. Never Delete Vector Preserves all selected vectors after vector merge has completed. Expand Image If Necessary Expands your image to the extents of the vector. Respect Display Order Incorporates your current display order. NOTE If a vector lies behind the image and the Expand Image If Necessary box is not checked then the vector is not merged into the image unless the image is transparent.
High deviation creates a polyline with fewer points that is less faithful to the original raster. Polylines with fewer points require less memory. Low deviation creates a polyline with more points that more closely matches the raster path. Polylines with more points require more memory. Contour Settings Contour Creates Specifies the type of entity the Contour Follower creates. NOTE The follower can only create contour objects if Raster Design is running on AutoCAD Land Desktop.
Speckle Size (Pixels) Specifies the maximum speckle size to ignore. Click the Pick button to select a speckle or speckle size directly from the image. VTools General Tab (Raster Design Options Dialog Box) Use this tab to control the general behavior of vectorization tools. Removal Method None Leaves the raster as you trace it. Rub Rubs the underlying raster automatically. This setting uses the Rub/Crop Line Width setting to determine the width of the raster it rubs.
Most Frequently Used Populates the verification list with frequently used values. Length Specifies the number of values to include in the verification list. SmartCorrect Settings Respect Drafting Settings Instructs SmartCorrect to adhere to current AutoCAD drafting settings such as OSNAP, ORTHO, POLAR, and so on, for the Line and Polyline tools.
Thicknesses are assigned according to the specified entity color. Color Index Column Lists color index and width of the raster pens. Width Column Displays the selected pen width. Pick < Defines the pen width by selecting a distance from the AutoCAD screen. Units Pixels Defines pen width in pixels. AutoCAD Defines pen width in AutoCAD units. Use Fixed Width Assigns the specified pen width to all raster pens.
Method Use this area to select the rubbersheeting method that best suits your image. After setting the control points, you can switch from one method to the other and preview the results before making a final decision. Triangular Specifies the use of the triangular method. Polynomial Specifies the use of the polynomial method. Degree Used only with the polynomial method, to specify the polynomial degree, which affects the accuracy of the rubbersheet operation.
Delete When a row is selected in the Control Point Table, click to delete the row. Repick < When a row is selected in the Control Point Table, click to repick a pair of points. Zoom To < When a row is selected in the Control Point Table, click to zoom in to the vicinity of the pair of control points. Preview Click to preview the effects of a rubbersheet operation using the current settings. Import Click to import a set of control points, saved in a text (.txt) file.
Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, where you can specify an Internet location and select drawing content for display in the AutoCAD Design Center palette. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how files are displayed. Tools Provides options for finding files, adding or modifying an FTP site, or saving a shortcut to the current folder.
Back Returns to the previous folder. Up One Level Navigates up one level in the directory tree. Search The Web Displays the AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location. Delete Deletes the selected file. Create New Folder Creates a new, unnamed folder. Views Specifies how files are displayed. Tools Provides options for finding files, adding or modifying an FTP site, or saving a shortcut to the current folder.
■ Projected. Click to see the complete list of projected coordinate systems. Code Specifies the GeoTIFF code for the selected coordinate system. Area Of Use Specifies the region of the world where the selected coordinate system is used. Select Coordinate System (Insert) Dialog Box Use this dialog box to select a coordinate system for an image during the insertion process. Category Specifies the type of coordinate system used in the image.
Category Specifies the type of coordinate system used in the image. Select the nation, state, UTM datum, Lat/Long, or None. Coordinate Systems In Category Specifies the available coordinate systems in the category. Properties Click to see detailed properties of the selected coordinate system and its projection. Target Color Dialog Box Use this dialog box to select a new color for Change and Combine operations. Palette Displays a list of standard palettes.
Text Recognition Setup Dialog Box Use this dialog box to configure the settings for text recognition operations. INPUT Text Format Machine Printed Specifies if the text to recognize was created by a computer or other machine. Hand Printed Specifies if the text to recognize was created by hand. Selection Shape Specifies the shape you use to outline the text for recognition, either rectangular or polygonal.
Punctuation, and Miscellaneous. If you clear a check box, the recognition engine does not attempt to display characters of that class. AUTOCAD OUTPUT Output Type The first two settings specify whether the new text is created as regular AutoCAD text or multiline text (Mtext). The Recognize Table operation places all recognized text in the drawing as AutoCAD text. AutoCAD Style Specifies an AutoCAD style for the text entity.
NOTE By default Italic and Underline are selected, but not Bold, because the recognition engine tends to incorrectly recognize text in engineering drawings as bold. Formatting options are also available in the Verify Text or Verify Table window. Enable Verifier If selected, displays the original raster text in a small window above the text that is being verified in Edit pane of the Verify Text window. Click in the Verifier window to close it.
underlying raster. For more information, see General Vector Separation Options (page 249). Width Table Use Width Table Assigns layer and polyline width values to vectors based on the width of the underlying raster. Insert Below Inserts a new row below the selected row in the Width Table. Insert Above Inserts a new row above the selected row in the Width Table. Delete Deletes the selected row in the Width Table. Query Width Displays the width of an entity you select in pixels and AutoCAD units.
Export Exports vector separation settings. Vector separation files have a .vs extension. Save As Default Assigns the current vector separation settings the default values. The Default.vs file is stored in your CO2000I folder if Raster Design is installed locally. If Raster Design is installed as a network deployment, the Default.vs file is stored in your local config folder.
Layer Specifies a default layer for major contours. Polyline Width Specifies a default polyline width for major contours. Import Imports vector separation settings. Vector separation files have a .vs extension. Export Exports vector separation settings. Vector separation files have a .vs extension. Save As Default Makes the current vector separation settings the default values. The Default.vs file is stored in your CO2000I folder if Raster Design is installed locally.
Zooms in to expand the recognized raster text in the pane by a factor of 25%. The text may be zoomed in to a maximum factor of 300%. Zooms out to shrink the recognized raster text in the pane by a factor of 25%. The raster may be zoomed out to a maximum factor of 25%. Prints the data from the pane. Editor Pane Controls Zooms in so the text fills the width of the view window and there is no horizontal scroll bar. Zooms in so the text fills the height of the pane and there is no vertical scroll bar.
Applies italic formatting to the selected text in the Editor pane. Applies underline formatting to the selected text in the Editor pane. Specifies the display of non-printing characters such as Tab and Space. Reverses the last editing action. Prints the data from the pane. Recognition and Output Controls Suspect Word Displays the unrecognized word. Rejected Character Displays unrecognized characters or artifacts.
Output To Specifies the conversion of the raster text as either AutoCAD Text or AutoCAD MText. Justify Specifies the text alignment as right, left, or center. Setup Displays the Text Recognition Setup dialog box. Export Exports the text in the Edit pane for use in another application. Related procedures: ■ Using the Verify Text Window (page 234) VText Edit Dialog Box Use this dialog box to enter and edit vector text.
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Glossary 3-point affine transform A type of coordinate transformation that can be applied to images upon insertion. This option replicates the transform used on non-editable data types. This type of transform is a translate, rotate, independent x-y scale transform without sheer. 4-point rubbersheet transform A type of coordinate transformation that can be applied to images upon insertion.
AutoReplace A ProdNameShort option that replaces the image path of a previously inserted image by matching the drawing name. Autorub A ProdNameShort command that removes raster objects as you trace them with the vectorization tools. This option uses the Rub/Crop line width to determine the width of the raster that is removed. base point A point used for relative distance and angle when moving, copying, or rotating objects.
bounding outline The visible element (usually a dotted rectangle) that is displayed when you select a region. Also called bounding box. brightness The luminance of pixels in an image. A higher brightness value makes all the pixels lighter. CAD Overlay GSX and CAD Overlay ESP Previous releases of ProdNameShort. CALS Acronym for the raster image format Computer Aided Acquisition Logistics and Support.
24 bit Color 16,777,216 colors 32 bit Color 16,777,216 colors color map An assignment of colors to data values for the purpose of displaying the contents of a file in a meaningful way. Users work with two main types of color maps. A palette color map is used with digital elevation models (DEM) to specify whether to display surface elevations or slopes, and how to distribute the set of colors across the range of data values.
Connected crossing window connected entity 1. An entity that is connected to an entity that is selected or otherwise referenced. 2. A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects. This method selects a specified entity and all other entities connected to it. In the following example, note that a single click on the arrow in the upper right selects the entire connected structure except the two text entities, which are not connected to any other entity.
connected window A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects. This method selects only those raster entities that are entirely within the window you define and are not connected to any entity that extends outside the window. In the following example, note that the arrows are not selected because they are connected to lines that extend outside the window. Connected window connected window polygon A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects.
crop A selected area of a raster image. Pixel data outside the crop is deleted. The image frame size is adjusted automatically. A crop permanently alters an image. data organization The method of organizing the image data when the image is saved. The data organization can be stripped, tiled, or monolithic. datum A reference point, line, or surface. decrement To decrease by one. DEM Digital elevation model. A format for recording land elevations in a digital file.
DOQ Digital orthophoto quadrangle raster image format, used for aerial photos that are processed to remove distortion. A typical DOQ represents one quarter of a USGS topographic map at 1:24 000 scale. DPI Dots per inch. A measure of image density. See also resolution, density, PPI. Draft An option in the Raster Design Options dialog box that does not dither the pixels. This setting is recommended for bitonal images.
equalization A function that brings out details in an image. Equalization changes the darkest pixels in an image to black and the lightest pixels to white, then reassigns the remaining pixels to use all of the colors in between. Also called non-linear contrast stretch. erase To remove an image insertion from a drawing.
Gap Width A setting that defines the maximum gap (from 0 to 10 pixels) that ProdNameShort can ignore as it follows a raster line, polyline, or contour. ProdNameShort ignores any gap that is equal to or smaller than the Gap Width. This setting is useful for scanned images that have many disconnected raster lines or in which pixels are missing as a result of imperfect scans. geo-referenced image An image that references real-world coordinates in its correlation source.
histogram A bar graph that shows the number of pixels for each color in the selected image or images. An aid for image editing operations. hybrid A type of drawing that includes both raster and vector data. IG4 Acronym for the image format Group 4 data with IST headers. IGS Acronym for the image format Image Systems Gray Scale. image A graphic that is composed of raster data. See also drawing image. image format The method in which an image was created and saved, such as bitmap, CALS, RLC, or GIF.
Landsat FAST L7A A multispectral image format used by Landsat 7 satellite, which was launched in 1999. layout Management of images, to determine how they are displayed and in what order they are listed in the Image Management dialog box. linetype The display style of a line, such as continuous or dashed. low pass filter A means of extracting individual elements in areas where pixel intensities change rapidly, thereby reducing high-frequency detail. The effect is a slightly blurred image.
Or they could represent a multispectral image set. Common multiframe file formats include GeoTIFF and NITF. multispectral image data Data recorded in the form of multiple bands. Each band records the values in a specific range of the spectrum, such as infrared, visible, or ultraviolet. Data gathered by satellites is typically provided in multispectral format. A band assignment color map is used to create false color images from these bands.
parallax The apparent displacement of position of an object, caused by a shift in the point of observation. PCX A simple run-length encoded image format. Pick < A ProdNameShort device for selecting points on the screen. PICT An image format created by Apple Computer. pixel A single dot on the screen. Pixels are the building blocks of raster images, and are individually assigned different colors or shades of gray. Image pixel size varies depending on the resolution of the image.
raster impact point The point where a vector polyline intersects a raster entity. raster object A distinct line, circle, or arc in a bitonal raster image. Raster objects can be vectorized or edited using raster entity manipulation. raster pen A ProdNameShort tool that allows thickening of vector objects when you merge them into the image. Thicknesses are assigned according to the specified entity color.
rubbersheet To match points in an image to known reference points in a coordinate system by warping the image using a triangular or polynomial transformation. run-length coding A data compression method that replaces a run or sequence of identical data units (such as pixels) with a single unit and the length of the run. saved path The image file name saved in the drawing. It can be a simple file name, a local path, a network path, or an Internet address.
Smart crossing polygon smart crossing window A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects. This method selects all raster entities that lie within or cross into the rectangular window that you draw. If any part of the entity crosses the window boundary, the entire entity is selected. In the following example, note that two horizontal lines that cross the window boundary are selected. Smart crossing window smart fence A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects.
the window are selected, but the horizontal lines that cross the window boundary are not selected. Smart window smart window polygon A selection method for enhanced bitonal region objects. This method selects only the raster entities that lie entirely within a polygon that you draw. In the following example, the circle and horizontal lines that cross the polygon boundary are not selected. Smart window polygon smoothing filters A device for removing details or unwanted speckles in images.
spatial resolution Image density expressed in pixels per unit, typically used with scanned images. speckle An unwanted random spot in an image. Speckles or stray pixels can often appear in an image when you scan drawings or blueprints that are dirty or wrinkled. You can remove speckles from your bitonal images by using the Despeckle filter. stripped Encoding method for TIFF files. Breaks up image data into strips for quicker processing. See also data organization.
true coordinate transform A type of coordinate transformation that can be applied to images upon insertion. This option applies to each pixel of the image, and produces the most accurate results. See also 3-point affine transform and 4-point rubbersheet transform. unembed To remove an embedded image from a drawing. The unembedded image must be saved as an independent file. See also embed. unload To remove image data from the display and the working memory of a drawing.
X Y and Z coordinates Any of a set of numbers used to specify the location of a point on a line, on a surface, or in space.
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Index .pf (palette file) 125 exporting 128 3-point affine transform 25 4-point rubbersheet transform 25 A active path 75 arc convert raster to vector 215 rub 150 assign coordinate system, dialog box 305 AutoCAD image objects 6 AutoPaste command 256 AutoRub command 266 B bias 86 binary image. See bitonal image.
correlation search paths 247 default image settings 253 file locking method 258 frame display 59 image detach method 252 image display quality 58 image mask behavior 254 mask settings 139 message display method 259 mouse settings 260 new image default properties 261 polyline/contour follower 270 QSave 262 raster entity detection 264 raster removal method 268 REM objects 265 resource file directory 247 rub/crop line width 266 startup 263 thumbnails 255 vector merge 268 vector separation, contours 244 vector
lock files 258 reading correlation files 247 resource files 247 Display Manager layer capture 47, 307 display order,changing 73 distortion correcting 86 drafting settings, dialog box 308 Dynamic Input, and vectorization 205 dynamic input, for vectorization 204 DYNMODE settings, and vectorization 205 E edge enhancements filters 110 gradient directional 111 Laplacian 110 matched filter 111 shift and difference 110 edit bias 86 cleanup commands 82 despeckle 82 invert 82 edit mode menu 187 edit raster using RE
inserting images from save an image to 45 14 G geo-referencing 21 gradient directional edge enhancements filters 111 grayscale converting to color 118, 130 grayscale image convert to black and white 100 from color image 98 mirror 88 reduce harshness and noise 105 grid,rubbersheeting 31 H hiding images 72 high pass filters 109 histogram adjusting images 92 black and white 100 brightness and contrast 92 color to grayscale image 98 contrast 101 contrast curve 101 grayscale 98 grayscale to black and white 10
image display,enhance edges 110 image filters,bitonal 112 image formats (supported) 5 image management active path 75 bitonal filters 112 change layers 60, 167 copying to clipboard 66 detaching 74 display order 73 erase images 74 histogram 92 insertions 67 layout of dialog box 65 REM 165 saved path 76 showing and hiding 72 unloading 75 zoom to 67 Image Manager, controls 330 image mask options 254 Image menu description 286 image palette changing colors 118 combining colors 120 compressing 123 converting to
K K frame,turn off and on N 242 L Laplacian edge enhancements filters 110 layer,move image to different 60, 167 line convert raster to vector 206 crop 145 rub 149 locking images 258 low pass filters 108 M Map 3D image capture 47 mask change existing 138 change properties 139 convert mask to clips 143 create 138 defaults 353 editing 140 enable/disable 141 hide images 139 remove 143 unload images 139 using command line 138 match 28 matched edge enhancement filters 111 median filter 106 merge images 160 mer
vectorization tools 250 order of images (restoring) 273 P palette changing colors 118 combining colors 120 compressing 123 converting to color 130 displaying color values 131 displaying information 129 displaying transparent colors 132 displaying unused colors 131 editing 118, 122 exporting 125, 128 importing 125 removing duplicate entries 123 resetting 124 selecting colors from the image 122 transparent color 121 palette file exporting 128 importing 125 Palette Manager, overview 118 path problems with ima
text 225 raster entity detection settings 264 raster entity manipulation.
diagonal region 153 irubcirc command 152 line 149 line width 266 pline 151 polygonal region 154 rectangular region 155 rubbersheeting 31 rubbersheeting, dialog box controls 364 rubbing raster data 149 S save to an FTP site 45, 51 to new file name, type, or location 45, 49 save image 39 saveclip (see export) 48 saved path 76 scale 30, 115 default 245 match points 28 select image 79 select images options 335 settings for REM commands 357 shift and difference filters 110 shortcut menu 260 shortcuts to Favorit
V varc command 215 vcircle command 213 vector merge options 359 raster pen widths 162 vector merge settings 268 vector separation options contours 244 general 249 vector separation, dialog box controls 373 vector,merge into raster image 161 vectorization, and Dynamic Input prompts 205 vectorize raster arc 215 raster circle 213 raster contour 220 raster entities, overview 203 raster line 207 raster polyline 207, 217, 219 raster rectangle 212 raster text 225 verification list 250 verify text/table, dialog box
