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Contents vii

Transform Tools.................................................... 432

Transform Tools ...................................................... 432

Array Flyout................................................... .......... 432

Mirror Selected Objects ................................... ....... 433

Mirror Dialog .......................................................... 433

Array ....................................................................... 435

Array Dialog ............................................................ 435

Snapshot ................................................................. 438

Snapshot D ialog ........................... ........................... 438

Spacing Tool ........................................................... 440

Clone and Align Tool .. ............................................ 444

Alig n Flyout............................................................. 446

Alig n ....................................................................... 447

Alig n Dialog ............................................................ 447

Quick Align .......................... .................................. 450

Normal Align .......................................................... 450

Normal Align Dialog............................................... 451

Place Highlight ....................................................... 452

Alig n Camera .......................................................... 453

Alig n to View .......................................................... 453

Alig n to View Dialog ............................................... 454

7 Creating Copies and Arrays .................... 455

Creating Copies and Arrays .................................... 455

Overview of Copies, Instances, and References...... 456

Cloning Objects .................................................... 458

Techniques for Cloning Objects.............................. 458

Clone ....................................................................... 461

Clone Options Dialog ............................................. 461

Using SHIFT+Clone ............................................... 463

Cloning with SHIFT+Move .................................... 463

Cloning with SHIFT+Rotate................................... 464

Cloning with SHIFT+Scale..................................... 465

Animating SHIFT+Rotate and SHIFT+Scale ........ 467

Cloning Objects Over Time with Snapshot ............ 468

Arraying Objects................................................... 468

Arraying Objects ........................................... .......... 468

Using the Array Dialog............................................ 470

Creating Linear Arrays............................................ 472

Creating Circular and Spiral Arrays........................ 474

Mirroring Objects ................................................... 475

Using the Spacing Tool............................................ 476

8 Modifier s ........................................ ..........479

Using Modifiers ....................................................... 479

Transforms, Modifiers, and Object Data Flow ....... 480

List of Available Modifiers....................................... 483

Basics of Using Modifiers..................................... 485

Using the Modify Panel........................................... 485

Using the Modifier Stack......................................... 487

Editing the Stack ..................................................... 489

Edit Modifiers and Editable Objects....................... 491

Modifying at the Sub-Object Level ......................... 492

Using the Stack at t he Sub-Object Level ................. 493

Modifying Multiple Objects.................................... 495

How Inst anced Modifiers Work.............................. 496

World-Space Modifiers ......................................... 498

World-Space Modifiers (WSMs)............................. 498

Camera Map Modifier (World Space) .................... 498

Displace Mesh Modifier (World Space).................. 499

Displace NURBS Modifier (World Space). ............. 501

Hair and Fur Modifier ( WSM) ............................... 502

Hair Overview ......................................................... 502

Hair and Fur Modifier............................................. 506

Style Dialog (Hair) .................................................. 524

LS Colors Modifier (World Space).......................... 531

MapScaler Modifier (World Space) ........................ 532

PatchDeform Modifier (World Space).................... 533

PathDeform Modifier (World Space) ..................... 533

Point Cache Modifier (World Space)...................... 536

Subdivide Modifier (World Space) ............ ............. 536

Surface Mapper Modifier (World Space)...... .......... 536

SurfDeform Modifier (World Space)...................... 537

Object-Space Modifiers........................................ 537

Object-Space Modifiers.......... ................................. 537

Affect Region Modifier............................ ................ 538

Attribute Holder Modifier....................................... 539

Bend Modifier ......................................................... 541

Bevel Modifier ........................ ................................. 542

Bevel Profile Modifier ............................................. 546

Camera Map Modifier (Object Space).................... 547

Cap Holes Modifier................................................. 550

Cloth and Garment Maker Modifiers .................. 551

Cloth Introduction.................................................. 551

Cloth Overview ....................................................... 552

Cloth Modifier......................................................... 560

Object Properties Dialog (Cloth).. .......................... 581

Garment Maker Modifier........................................ 587

Troubleshooting and Error Codes in Garment

Maker..... .................... .................... .................... ... 601

CrossSection Modifier ............................... ............. 602

Delete Mesh Modifier.............................................. 605

Delete Patch Modifier........................................ ...... 606

Delete Spline Modifier............................................. 606

Disp Approx Modifier ............................................. 607

Displace Modifier....................................... ............. 608

Edit Mesh Modifier ............................. .................... 613

Edit Normals Modifier ............................................ 613