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466 Chapter 7: Creating Copies and Arrays
SHIFT+Scale creates a clone of a different size.
To clon e with SHIFT+Scale :
1.
Click a Scale button on the main toolbar.
2. Choose a coordinate system, axis constraint,
and t ransform center.
3. Make the selection you want to clone.
4. Hold down SHIFT and drag to scale the
selection.
5. UsetheCloneOptionsdialogtochoosethe
number of clones you want to m ake and
whether you want them to be copies, instances,
or references.
Effects of Transform Settings
Transform settings determine how 3ds Max
distributes clones of a selection during
SHIFT+Scale. In all scaling operat ions, the
transform center acts as t he center of scaling:
• When clone objects decrease in size, they
shrink toward the transform center.
• When clone objects increase in size, they
expand away from the transform center .
The distance between cloned objects is scaled
like the clones themselves, based on the initial
distance from the original to the first clone. The
spacing increases or decreases proportionately
with respect to the transform center.
Nested Copies
When the selection center is used as the
transform center for a single object, scaling occurs
symmetrically around that center, producing
nested copies.
• As you scale in toward the center, smaller and
smaller copies are created.
• In the other direction, the origina l object is
enclosed by increasingly larger copies.
Variations are possible, depending on the type
of scale and axis limitations. For example, you
can sca le a flat box into a progressively stepped
pyramid by using
Squash (page 1–422) and
cloning inward on the Z axis.
Offset Centers
For SHIFT+Scale, any center other than the
local pivot has the effect of creat ing an array of
progressively scaled objects. Again, objects scale
down in size toward the center, while increasing in
size f urther away. However, this effect is limited by
the particular scale option and the axis constraints,
as discussed next.
Axis Constraints
Uniform Scale is unaffected by axis constraints,
which you can set w ith the Transform Gizmo.
Copies are always arrayed in or out from the center
of the current coordinate system.
For Non-Uniform Sca le and Squash, sca ling
occurs only along the axis or axes set with the
restricted axes.
Note: The Restrict To ... buttons (also called the
Axis Constraints buttons) are available on the
Axis
Constraints toolbar (page 3–735)
,whichisoff
by default. You can toggle display of this toolbar
by right-clicking an empty area of a toolbar and