9

AutoGrid 913
• You can reduce rendering time, since attenuated
lights don’t have to be calculated for surfaces
that are beyond the attenuation range.
For standard lights, you can explicitly set where
attenuationbeginsandends. Thisispartlyso
you don’t have to worry about setting up st rictly
realistic distances between light objects and the
objects they i lluminate. More importantly, this
feature lets you fine-tune the effect of attenuation.
In outdoor scenes, attenuation can enhance the
effectofdistance.Inanindoorsetting,attenuation
is useful for low-intensity lig ht sources such as
candles.
For standard lights, you set attenuation parameters
on the light’s Intensity/Color/Attenuation rollout
(page 2–1345).FortheRaytracemap,yousetthe
parameters on the map’s Attenuation rollout (page
2–1706).
AutoGrid
AutoGrid is an option on the 3ds Max Create
panel.Itletsyoucreateanobjectonthesurfaceof
another object. You can turn on AutoGrid when
you create a biped, in order to position the biped
on another object.
AutoGridcanalsobeusedwhencreatingfootsteps
manually,toplacefootstepsonanuneventerrain.
Av o id Be ha vior
In crowd animation (page 2–1154),theAvoid
beha vior lets you specify an y object or objects
that delegates must keep away from. As delegates
approach designated objects during the crowd
simulation, they steer clear of them while tur n ing
orbrakingasnecessary.Thisbehaviorusesthree
different methods to let delegates avoid each other
and other objects: Steer To Avoid (the preferred
method), Repel, and Vector Field. See Obstacle
Avoidance (page 2–1164).
Av o id ance Beh avio r
In crowd animation (page 2–1154),avoidance
behavior consists of any combination of slowing
down,turning,andstopping. SeeObstacle
Avoidance (page 2–1164).
Ax onometr i c Vi ew
Axonometric view of model
A projected view of 3-dimensional space that
displays from one to three sides of an object. The
lines in an axonometric view do not converge to
vanishingpointsastheydoinaperspectiveview,
so lines that are parallel in 3D space are parallel
in the v iew. For this reason, diagonal and curved
lines can appear to be distorted.
Isometr ic (page 3–960) and orthographic (page
3–986) views are special cases of axonometric
views.
B-Spline
B-spline (basis spline) is a kind of spline generated
by s o-ca l led basis functions. The advantage of
B-splines over Bezier curves (page 3–915) is that