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552 Chapter 12: Animation
• Map Coordinates containing the map XYZ
and UVW coordinate offset, tiling, and ang le
settings.
• Map Parameters containing the parameters for
aspecificmaptype.
• Objects, on levels below the transforms,
containing creation parameters for an
unmodified object.
• Modified Object, cont aining modifiers applied
to an object and the object-creation p arameters.
• Modifiers containing modifier parameters.
Controllers—These control actual animated values
for each parameter. Keep in m ind that when you
copy containers, you are actually copying and
pasting groups of related controllers. Details
about copying and p ast ing single controllers are
presented in
Assigning C ontrollers (page 2–287) .
Whether you copy objects, materials, or
controllers, the same basic principles apply. Here
are restrictions for using Copy and P aste:
• Youcancopyonlyasinglehighlighteditem.
• You can paste a copied item only into another
item of the same type. An exception to
this restriction involves pasting Object and
Modified Object containers.
• Youcanpasteacopieditemintoaselectionof
multiple items only if all the items are of the
same type.
• When pasting items, you can choose to make
an instance or a copy of the pasted item.
• You cannot copy/paste act ively linked objects.
Copying Items
You copy an item by highlighting it in the
Cont roller window Hierarchy list, and then
right-clicking and choosing Copy from the quad
menu. If Copy is not available the selected item is
not a valid copy source. 3ds Max disables C opy
when the selected item is not a valid copy source
or if multiple items are selected.
Pas tin g I tems
Pasting items involves a few more choices than
copying. You select one or more items from the
Hierarchy list. If Paste is available the selected
items are valid paste t argets. The program disables
Paste if the selected targets are not all the same
typeoriftheydonotmatchthetypeofitemin
the clipboard.
You can use Paste as follows:
• Paste into a single target item.
• Paste into multiple target items.
• Paste copies or instances.
• Choose to convert other instances in the scene
automatically.
Clicking Paste on the quad menu displays the Paste
dialog, with controls for determining how the
Paste operation will be carried out.
Co py—Pastes the item in the clipboard as an
independent copy . The target item will have no
connection to the copied source item.
Instance—Pastes the item in the clipboard as an
instance of the copied source item .Thetargetitem
wi ll be an instance of the source item. Any change
youmaketoeitheritemaffectstheother.
Replace All Instances—Controls whether existing
instances of the target item are also converted to
the paste source or left as they are.
Mak ing Instances Unique
You can convert instanced items t o unique items
by clicking
Make Unique (page 2–528) on the
Controller menu. If the selected item is not an
instance, or if a selection of multiple items does
not contain similar instances, Make Unique is
disabled.