User guide

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Appendix B
Glossary
A
AAA—Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting.
Access Control List (ACL)—A listing of users and their associated access rights.
Used to implement discretionary and or mandatory access control between
subjects and objects.
Accounting—Tracking users’ access to resources primarily for billing purposes. See
also AAA.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)—Standard approved by NIST for the next
20-30 years of use.
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)—An agency of the US Department of
Defense that promotes exploratory research in areas that carry long-term promise
for military applications. ARPA funded the major packet-switching experiments in
the US that lead to the formation of the Internet.
Algorithm—A set of sequenced steps that are repeated each time. In encryption,
the algorithm is used to define how the encryption is applied to the data.
Alias—An assumed name (dummy) mail address that routes messages to all real
addresses associated with the assumed name.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)—Represents the US in the ISO. A
private standards body that develops, endorses, and publishes industry standards.
Application programming interface (API)—Provides means to take advantage of
software features.
ARP—Acronym for Address Resolution Protocol.
ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Exchange. ASCII is a code to
represent letters, numerals, punctuation marks and control signals as seven-bit
groups. It is used as a standard code by the transmission of data.
Association—The method by which a client establishes a relationship with an
access point.