Aviation by Excellence AG AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 LBA Approved in Normal Category based on JAR-VLA. This Airplane Flight Manual must be carried on board of the aircraft at all times and be kept within the reach of the pilot during all flight operations. The amendment history and revision status of each section of the Airplane Flight Manual are provided in the list of effective pages and in the list of revisions.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 0 INTRODUCTION With the AQUILA AT01 you acquired a very efficient training and utility aircraft, which can be operated very easily and exhibit excellent handling qualities. Reliable operation, handling and maintenance guarantee always trouble-free flights and continued airworthiness. For that, we recommend to read this Airplane Flight Manual thoroughly and adhere to the operating instructions and recommendations given herein.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION GENERAL 1 OPERATING LIMITATIONS 2 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4 PERFORMANCE 5 WEIGHT AND BALANCE 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRCRAFT AND ITS SYSTEMS 7 HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 8 SUPPLEMENTS 9 Dokument No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 0 RECORD OF REVISIONS When a new revision to the Airplane Flight Manual is issued, the corresponding sections have to be removed and replaced by the pages of the revised sections. Only entire sections will be changed and have to be replaced. Each time, when the incorporation of a revision is accomplished, an endorsement has to be made in the record of revisions shown below. Issue No. Revised Sections Date of Issue A.01 All 05/06/2002 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 0 Purchase of Technical Publications To guarantee safe operation and correct maintenance of the aircraft AQUILA AT01, all manuals and technical publications must be kept in the current effective status.
Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation SECTION 1 GENERAL Page 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1-2 1.2 AIRCRAFT TYPE CERTIFICATION 1-2 1.3 WARNING, CAUTIONS AND NOTES 1-3 1.4 AIRCRAFT PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS 1-4 1.4.1 Overall Dimensions 1-4 1.4.2 Wings 1-4 1.4.3 Horizontal Stabilizer / Elevator 1-4 1.4.4 Fuselage and Vertical Stabilizer / Rudder 1-4 1.4.5 Landing Gear 1-4 1.5 AQUILA AT01 – THREE VIEW DRAWING 1-5 1.6 ENGINE 1-6 1.7 PROPELLER 1-6 1.8 FUEL 1-6 1.
Aviation 1.1 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 INTRODUCTION This Airplane Flight Manual contains all information that the pilot and instructor need for safe aircraft operation and to get the optimum utility from the AQUILA AT01. It includes all data required in accordance with JAR-VLA and additional information provided by the manufacturer and type certificate holder for maximum utilization as an operating guide for the pilot.
Aviation 1.3 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WARNING, CAUTIONS AND NOTES Throughout the text, special text boxes termed as WARNING, CAUTION and NOTE are used to emphasize and address general remarks and special characteristics pertaining to aircraft handling as well as operation. These terms are defined as follows: WARNING Procedures, practices, etc. which may result in personal injury or loss of life if not thoroughly adhered to.
1.4 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation AIRCRAFT PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS 1.4.1 Overall Dimensions Wing Span: Length: Height: 10.3 7.35 2.4 m m m 1.4.2 Wings Airfoil: Area: Aspect Ratio: Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC): HQ-XX mod. 10.5 m² 10.1 1.07 m 2.0 3.0 m² m 1.4.3 Horizontal Stabilizer / Elevator Area: Span: 1.4.4 Fuselage and Vertical Stabilizer / Rudder Max. Width Length 1.20 7.35 m m 1.938 1.685 m m 5.00-5 5.
Aviation 1.5 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 AQUILA AT01 – Three View Drawing Dokument No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 1.6 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 ENGINE The ROTAX® 912 S3 is a 4-cylinder 4-stroke engine with ram air cooled and horizontally opposed cylinders as well as liquid cooled cylinder heads. The Propeller is driven via an internal reduction gearbox with an integrated overload clutch and a hydraulic constant speed propeller governor. Reduction Ratio of internal gearbox: Displacement: Take-Off Performance: at a Propeller Shaft Speed of 1.7 2.43 : 1 1352 69.
Aviation 1.9 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 ENGINE OIL AND COOLANT 1.9.1 Engine Oil Use only oil with API classification “SG” or higher. Heavy duty 4-stroke motor cycle oils meet normally all the requirements. For more information regarding engine oil selection, refer to the Operator’s Manual for all versions of 912 series engines, section 10.2.3, and to ROTAX® Service Instruction SI-912-016, latest revision.
Aviation Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 1.9.2 Engine Coolant Only the following water-free coolant concentrate based on propylene glycol is approved for the usage in the AQUILA AT01. Designation EVANS NPG+ Mixture Ratio % Concentrate Water 100 0 When correctly applied (100% coolant concentration), there is sufficient protection against vapour bubble formation, freezing or thickening of the coolant within the operating limits.
Aviation Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 1.11 TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS 1.11.1 Airspeeds IAS: (Indicated Airspeed), Speed as shown on the airspeed indicator. KIAS: IAS expressed in Knots CAS: (Calibrated Airspeed), Means the indicated airspeed, corrected for position and instrument error. CAS is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere conditions at sea level.
Aviation Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Lever Arm: The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the centre of gravity (C.G.) of an item. Moment: The product of the weight of an item multiplied by its lever arm. Empty Weight: Weight of the aircraft including unusable fuel, full operating liquids and full oil. Max. Takeoff Weight: Maximum permissible weight approved for the conduction of the takeoff run.
Aviation Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 1.12 CONVERSION FACTORS 1.12.1 Length 1 ft 1 in 1.12.2 0.304 25.4 m mm = = 1.852 1.609 km/h km/h Airspeed 1 kts 1 mph 1.12.3 = = Pressure 1 hPa 1 in Hg 1 psi 1.12.4 = = = = 1 mbar = 0.454 kg = = 3.78 4.546 Litre Litre = = 5/9 ((t)°F - 32) 9/5 (t)°C + 32 Volume 1 US Gallon 1 Imperial Gallon 1.12.6 N/m² hPa mbar Mass (“Weight”) 1 lbs 1.12.5 100 33.865 68.
1.12.7 Section 1 GENERAL AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation RESERVED [Intentionally left blank] Dokument No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS Page 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2-2 2.2 AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS 2-2 2.3 AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS 2-3 2.4 POWER PLANT LIMITATIONS 2-3 2.5 POWER PLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS 2-5 2.6 OTHER INSTRUMENT MARKINGS 2-6 2.7 MASS LIMITS (Weight Limits) 2-6 2.8 CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS 2-6 2.9 MANOEUVRE LIMITS 2-7 2.10 FLIGHT LOAD FACTORS 2-7 2.11 CREW 2-8 2.
Aviation 2.1 Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 INTRODUCTION This section includes all operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the aircraft, its engine, standard systems and standard equipment. WARNING The aircraft must be operated in compliance with the operating limitations. 2.
Aviation 2.3 Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS The airspeeds given below are expressed in knots Indicated Airspeeds (IAS): Marking (IAS) [kts] Remarks White Arc 44-90 Full Flap Operating Range Green Arc 52-130 Normal Operating Range Yellow Arc 130-165 Operations in this region must be conducted with caution and are allowed only in smooth air. 165 Maximum speed for all operations. Red Line 2.4 POWER PLANT LIMITATIONS 2.4.
Aviation Maximum Continuous Power: Maximum Continuous Propeller Speed: d) e) g) 69.0 kW 2260 rpm Oil Pressure Minimum: Normal: 0.8 2.0 – 5.0 bar bar Maximum during Cold Start: (for a short period of time) 7.0 bar below 1440 rpm above 1440 rpm Fuel Pressure Minimum: f) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Red Warning Light Oil Temperature Maximum: Minimum: 130 50 °C °C Optimal Operating Temperature: 90 – 110 °C 135 °C Cylinder Head Temperature Maximum: 2.4.
Aviation 2.5 Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 POWER PLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS The following table shows the power plant instrument markings and their colour code significance. Tachometer [rpm] Oil Temperature [°C] Cylinder Head temperature [°C] Oil Pressure [bar] Red Line (Minimum) --- 50 --- 0.8 Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 535-2260 50-130 --- 2.0 – 5.0 Yellow Arc (Caution) --- --- --- 0.8 – 2.0 5.0 – 7.0 Red Line (Maximum) 2260 130 135 7.
2.6 Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation OTHER INSTRUMENT MARKINGS Instrument Red Arc (Minimum) Green Arc (Normal Operat. Range) Green/Red Arc (Caution) Red Arc (Maximum) Voltmeter [V] 8 – 11 12 – 15 11 – 12 15 – 16 Ammeter [A] --- --- --- --- 2.7 MASS LIMITS (Weight Limits) Maximum Takeoff Mass Maximum Landing Mass 750 750 kg kg Max.
Aviation Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WARNING The aircraft may only be operated with a centre of gravity position within the approved operating range, otherwise, the controllability and/or longitudinal stability of the aircraft as well as its overall handling qualities will be significantly reduced. The procedure to determine the centre of gravity location for flight is provided in Section 6 of this handbook. 2.
Aviation Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 CAUTION Manoeuvres that include negative flight load factors are not permitted. Intentional Spinning is not permitted. 2.11 CREW Maximum Persons on Board: 2 Minimum Crew: 1 Pilot With only one person on board, the aircraft may only be operated from the left seat. 2.12 KINDS OF OPERATION LIMITS / MINIMUM EQUIPMENT The aircraft may only be operated under DAY-VFR conditions.
Aviation Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 2.13 FUEL LIMITATIONS Fuel Capacity (total): Usable Fuel (total) Unusable Fuel: Left Fuel Tank 60 54.8 5.2 : Right Fuel Tank 60 Litres 54.8 Litres 5.2 Litres For approved fuel grades, refer to paragraph 1.8. 2.14 DEMONSTRATED CROSSWIND COMPONENT The maximum demonstrated crosswind component is 15.0 kts / 27.0 km/h. WARNING A takeoff with crosswind components outside of this limit may result in the loss of aircraft controllability. 2.
Aviation Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 2.16 PLACARDS 1.) In the lower mid section of the instrument panel: The aircraft is certified for VFR flights on day, outside of icing conditions. No aerobatic maneuvers, including spins are approved. For further operating limitations refer to POH. 2.) On the instrument panel, below the airspeed indicator: Maneuvering Speed VA = 112 kts 3.) ALT / BAT 4.
Aviation 5.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On the instrument panel, adjacent to the right side of the circuit breakers: FLARM COM/NAV 2 ! Optional ! Only if second COM/NAV-Equipment is installed. CDI Panel Light COM/NAV 1 Stall Warning Warning Lights Intercom OAT/CHT Alternator Warning Light Turn Coordin.
Aviation 7.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On the instrument panel, adjacent to the right side of the trim position indicator: TRIM CONTROL NOSE DOWN T/O NOSE UP 8.) In the left section of the instrument panel, adjacent to the airspeed indicator: NO SMOKING 9.) On the instrument panel, below the fuel level indicator: FUEL CAPACITY 109,6 Liter Usable 10.) On the instrument panel, below the oil pressure indicator: OIL PRESS. 11.
Aviation 13.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On the instrument panel, below the voltmeter: Voltmeter 14.) On the instrument panel, below the amperemeter: Ammeter 15.) On the control panel below the midsection of the instrument panel adjacent to the corresponding control element: CABIN HEAT PULL ON CARB. HEAT PULL ON CHOKE PULL ON 16.) 17.
Aviation 18.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On the centre pedestal below the fuel selector/shut-off valve: FUEL USABLE 109,6 LITER SWITCH TANKS EVERY 60 MIN 19.) On the centre pedestal below the parking brake control lever: PARKING BRAKE PULL SET 20.
Aviation 22.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On the inner surface of the baggage compartment door: BAGGAGE MAX: 40 kg SECURELY ANCHOR DOWN 23.) On the brake fluid reservoir at the firewall in the engine compartment: HYD. BRAKE FLUID (FLUID 4) 24.) On the inner surface of the service opening in the upper engine cowling: ! CAUTION ! DO NOT use aviation grade oil Refer to POH 25.) On the oil filler cap (oil tank cover): OIL CAPACITY 3,0 (l) REFER to POH 26.
Aviation 28.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On both wings, forward of the fuel filler caps (relating to flight direction): EN 228 SUPER EN 228 SUPER plus AVGAS 100 LL USABLE 54,8 Liter 29.) On the outer surface of the fuselage at the position of the ELT (if installed) ELT INSTALLED HERE 30.) Adjacent to the fuel drain valves on the lower surface of both wings and the front fuselage (located on 3 positions): FUEL DRAIN 31.
Aviation 34.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 On right side of the instrument panel, adjacent to the 12 VDC receptacle (if installed): RECEPTACLE 12 - 14 VDC MAX: 8 A 35.) On the instrument panel, adjacent to the ELT remote control switch (if installed): ELT-REMOTE-CONTROL To activate switch transmitter to ARMED! 36.) Directly on the jack up points under the right and left wing-fuselageintersection: 37.
Aviation 40.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 At the front side of the lower engine cowling, above the cooling air inlet or well visible on the air inlet duct: WINTER KIT MUST BE REMOVED ABOVE 15°C (59°F) WINTER KIT SHOULD BE INSTALLED BELOW 5°C (41°F) 41.) On the upper surface of each flap near its inboard edge: 42.) On the upper surface of each flap along its trailing edge near the inboard end: NO STEP or PUSH 43.
Aviation 44.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 This placard is located at the following positions (altogether 6 per aircraft): a) On the upper surface of both winglets along its trailing edge (inboard directed surface). b) On the upper surface of both elevators along their trailing edges near their inboard end. c) On both sides of the rudder along the trailing edge. NO PUSH 45.
Aviation 49.) Section 2 LIMITATIONS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 In the upper right section of the instrument panel: ELT and Fire-Extinguisher behind Co-Pilot seat (if installed) 50.) In the middle section of the instrument panel, directly on the left side of the corresponding NAV-/COM-equipment (optional, only if a second NAV-/ COM-Transceiver is installed): COM/NAV 1 COM/NAV 2 51.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Page 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-3 3.2 AIRSPEEDS FOR EMERGENCY OPERATION 3-3 3.3 ENGINE FAILURES 3-4 3.3.1 Engine Failure During Take-off Run 3-4 3.3.2 Engine Failure Immediately After Take-off 3-4 3.3.3 In-Flight Engine Failure 3-4 3.3.4 Power-Off Landing 3-7 3.4 PRECAUTIONARY LANDING WITH ENGINE POWER 3-7 3.5 SMOKE AND FIRE 3-8 3.5.1 Engine Fire on Ground 3-8 3.5.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Page 3.11 FLAP CONTROL SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS 3-13 3.12 TRIM CONTROL SYSTEM FAILURES 3-14 3.12.1 Trim System Inoperative 3-14 3.12.2 Trim Actuator Does Not Stop as Desired 3-14 AVIONICS MALFUNCTIONS 3-15 3.13.1 Complete Avionics Failure 3-15 3.13.2 Receive Mode Failure of COM-Equipment 3-15 3.13.3 Transmit Mode Failure of COM-Equipment 3-15 3.14 STARTER MALFUNCTION 3-15 3.
Aviation 3.1 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES INTRODUCTION This section provides checklists with the recommended procedures for coping with various emergency situations. Emergencies caused by aircraft or engine malfunctions are extremely rare if all pre-flight inspections and required maintenance activities are conducted properly.
Aviation 3.3 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ENGINE FAILURES 3.3.1 Engine Failure During Take-off Run 1. 2. Throttle Brakes IDLE APPLY as required 3.3.2 Engine Failure Immediately After Take-off A) ENGINE POWER LOSS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Aviation 4. AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Throttle Do not change position If roughness continues: 5. Throttle REDUCE to minimum required for flight 6. Precautionary Landing PERFORM B) LOSS OF OIL PRESSURE 1. Oil Temperature CHECK If loss of oil pressure below the green arc occurs and the oil temperature remains normal: 2. Land at the nearest airfield If the loss of oil pressure below the GREEN arc is accompanied by a rise in oil temperature: 3. 4.
Aviation 3. 4. 5. 6. AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Propeller Control Lever Fuel Selector Valve Electrical Fuel Pump Throttle (hot engine) (cold engine) Choke (hot engine) (cold engine) Ignition Switch Ignition Switch 7. 8. 9. HIGH-RPM Position SWITCH to fullest tank ON 2 cm OPENED IDLE OFF PULL BOTH START When power is restored: 10. 11. 12. 13.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.3.4 Power-Off Landing A) EMERGENCY LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWER 1. Airspeed Flaps in Landing Position Flaps in Take-off Position Flaps in Cruise Position Fuel Selector Valve Ignition Switch Seat Belts and Harnesses COM (ATC) ALT/BAT Switch 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 60 KIAS 65 KIAS 70 KIAS OFF OFF TIGHT REPORT location and intention OFF WARNING If ALT/BAT Switch is in OFF-Position: 3.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES After touchdown: Brakes Fuel Selector Valve Ignition Switch ALT/BAT Switch 7. 3.5 APPLY as required OFF OFF OFF SMOKE AND FIRE 3.5.1 Engine Fire On Ground 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fuel Selector Valve Throttle ALT/BAT Switch Ignition Switch Aircraft OFF FULL OPEN OFF OFF EVACUATE 3.5.2 In-Flight Engine Fire 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.5.4 In-Flight Electrical Fire and Formation of Smoke 1. 2. 3. 4. BAT Switch Cabin Vents Canopy slide-window Fire Extinguisher (if installed) OFF OPEN FULL OPEN ACTIVATE as required 3.5.5 In-Flight Cabin Fire 1. 2 3. 4. 5. BAT Switch Cabin Vents Cabin Heat Fire Extinguisher (if installed) If necessary, prepare safety landing. OFF OPEN OFF ACTIVATE as required 3.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.7 SPIN RECOVERY PROCEDURE 1. Rudder 2. 3. Throttle retard to Elevator control move forward to 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Aviation 3.9 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES LANDING WITH A FLAT TIRE For a landing with a suspect or defective tire use the following procedure: 1. Flaps LANDING Position 2. Perform touch down on that side of the runway that is opposite to the defective tire, to have the complete width of the runway to correct direction changes caused by the defective tire. 3. Perform touch down with intact main tire first.
Aviation 3. 4. 5. AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES If the ALTERNATOR Warning Light still illuminates: ALTERNATOR Switch Cabin Light Landing Light Anti Collision Light NAV-Lights Devices connected at the 12 VDC receptacle OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF Observe the voltmeter and ammeter readings. Land at the nearest airfield if practical. NOTE The battery is able to supply the electrical system with power for approx. 90 min with an average rate of discharge of 8 Ampere-hours.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES C) Low voltage indication while landing (needle on green-red shaded ARC or below) 1. After Landing Proceed in accordance with 3.10.3 A) WARNING Whenever the needle of the voltmeter is within the RED ARC, land at the nearest airfield to eliminate the problem before continuing the flight. 3.11 FLAP CONTROL SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS Flap position indicator or flap actuator malfunction. 1.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.12 TRIM CONTROL SYSTEM FAILURES 3.12.1 Trim System Inoperative 1. 2. “Trim Actuator” Circuit Breaker Trim Switch RESET, if tripped PRESS “Nose UP” and then “Nose Down” for several times. NOTE An inoperative trim system does not affect the aircraft controllability. However, the control stick forces are considerably higher and may reach up to 100 N. 3. Land as soon as practical. 3.12.2 Trim Actuator Does Not Stop as Desired 1.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.13 AVIONICS MALFUNCTIONS 3.13.1 Complete Avionics Failure 1. AVIONICS Master Switch SWITCH Off then On. The avionics main switch is an automatic circuit protective Switch. If the switch trips again: 2. Land at the nearest suitable airfield. 3.13.2 Receive Mode Failure of COM-Equipment 1. Push-to-Talk (PPT) Switch 2. Head-Set CHECK pilot’s and co-pilot’s PTT-Switches whether pressed, jammed, etc.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL Section 3 AQUILA AT01 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.15 IN-FLIGHT FAILURES AND MALFUNCTIONS 3.15.1 Self-Actuating Release and Opening of the Canopy in flight In the case of a self-actuating release and opening of the canopy in flight, a stationary canopy opening angle of about 20° ± 10°, depending on the flight condition, is reached where the aerodynamic forces exerted on the canopy are in equilibrium.
Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES Aviation SECTION 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES Page 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4-2 4.2 AIRSPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATION 4-3 4.3 RESERVED 4-5 4.4 PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION 4-6 4.4.1 Daily Pre-flight Check 4-6 4.4.2 Check Before Every Flight 4-11 CHECKLISTS FOR NORMAL PROCEDURES 4-13 4.5.1 Before Engine Start-up 4-13 4.5.2 Engine Start-up 4-13 4.5.3 Before Taxiing 4-14 4.5.4 Taxiing 4-14 4.5.
Aviation 4.1 Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES INTRODUCTION This section provides normal operating procedure checklists for the aircraft as well as recommended airspeeds. Additional information is provided in the Operators Manual for ROTAX engine Type 912 series and in the Operation and Installation Manual of mt-Propeller , latest revision. Normal procedures associated with optional equipment can be found in Section 9. Dokument No.
Aviation 4.2 Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES AIRSPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATION The following airspeeds are based on the maximum take-off weight of 750 kg. They may be also used for any lower operational weight.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES CRUISE Airspeed (KIAS) KIAS Manoeuvring Speed VA 112 Maximum Turbulent Air Operating Speed VNO 130 Maximum Flap Extended Speed VFE 90 Dokument No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 4.3 Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES RESERVED [Intentionally left blank] Dokument No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 4.4 Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION 4.4.1 Daily Pre-flight Check A) CABIN 1. 2. 3. 4. Papers Ignition Key BAT Switch Warning Lights (Alternator, Fuel pressure) Engine Instruments Fuel Quantity External Lights BAT Switch Foreign Objects ELT Baggage Canopy 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Aviation B) Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES EXTERIOR CHECK, Visual Inspection 5 4 6 3 7 2 1 8 CAUTION Visual Inspection herein means the following: Inspection for mechanical damages, dirt, cracks, delamination, excessive play, looseness, leakages, incorrect attachment, foreign objects and general condition. Control surfaces: additional functional check for free movement. 1.
Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES Aviation c) Tire Pressure d) Tire Slip Marking e) Tire, Wheel, Brake f) Brake Chocks 2. CHECK CHECK Visual Inspection REMOVE Tail Boom a) Tail Boom Shell b) Skid Plate c) Tail Tie-Down 3. Visual Inspection Visual Inspection DISCONNECT Empennage a) Elevator b) Horizontal Stabilizer c) Rudder Visual Inspection Visual Inspection Visual Inspection, CHECK: fitting and bolt connection, proper control cable connection and screw locking.
Aviation 6. Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES Nose Section, Cowling WARNING Before cranking the propeller: Switch OFF the battery and Ignition Circuits, activate Parking brake. WARNING Risk of burning and scaldings Carry out pre-flight checks on the cold engine only ! a) Check Oil level Prior to the oil check, turn the propeller several times in the direction of engine rotation to pump oil from the engine back into the oil tank.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES c) Air Intakes (4 NACA Intakes) d) Radiator / Oil Cooler Intake e) Cowling f) Propeller g) Propeller Blades h) Spinner Dome i) Electr. Fuel Pump Drain Valve 7. Nose Landing Gear a) Nose Gear Strut b) Wheel Fairing c) Tire Pressure d) Tire Slip Marking e) Tire, Wheel f) Shock Absorber Unit g) Brake Chocks and Tow Bar 8.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.4.2 Check Before Every Flight NOTE The fuel level dipstick for checking the fuel tank level is stored on the inner side of the baggage compartment door. 1. Daily Pre-flight Inspection completed? 2. Tow Bar CHECK if removed. 3. Fuel Quantity CHECK with fuel level dipstick. WARNING Before cranking the propeller: Switch OFF the battery and Ignition Circuits, activate Parking brake.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES 5. Check Coolant Level Verify coolant level in the overflow bottle, replenish as required. The coolant level must be between the min. and max. markings on the overflow bottle. NOTE The coolant specification in paragraph 1.9.2 has to be observed ! 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Tie-Down Straps Baggage door Pitotcover Flight Controls Carburettor Heat 11. Cabin Heat 12. Choke 13. Throttle 14. Propeller Control Lever 15.
Aviation 4.5 Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES CHECKLISTS FOR NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.5.1 Before Engine Start-up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Daily Pre-flight Check Passenger Briefing Seats Seat Belts and Harnesses Canopy 6. 7. Parking Brake Control Stick 8. 9. 10. 11. 12: 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES NOTE The oil pressure may rise into the YELLOW ARC RANGE, as long as the oil temperature is below the normal operating temperature. NOTE If engine does not start within 10 seconds, disengage the starter and try again after a cooling down phase of at least 2 minutes. DO NOT continuously operate the starter motor for a time period of more than 10 seconds.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES CAUTION Do not operate the engine at high RPM when taxiing over ground to prevent stone chipping or other damages by foreign objects or splashed water. 4.5.5 Before Take-off (at the Taxi Holding Position) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Brakes Parking Brake Fuel Selector Valve Fuel Pressure Warning Light Throttle Propeller Control Lever 7. 8. Throttle Ignition Switch 9. Carburettor Heat 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.5.6 Take-off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Throttle Tachometer Elevator Control Rudder Pedals Lift Nose Wheel Climb Speed FULL OPEN CHECK if within 2200-2260 RPM NEUTRAL at initial ground roll HOLD Direction 50 KIAS 65 KIAS CAUTION For the shortest take-off distance over a 50-feet obstacle: 7. 8. Lift Nose Wheel Climb Speed 50 KIAS 57 KIAS 4.5.7 Climb 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.5.8 Cruise 1. 2. Throttle Propeller Control Lever AS REQUIRED (Ref. to Section 5) SET between 1650 - 2260 RPM NOTE For favourable manifold pressure/propeller speed combinations: Refer to Section 5. 3. 4. 5. Flaps Trim Engine Instruments CRUISE Position AS REQUIRED CHECK CAUTION In flights above pressure altitudes of 6000 ft pay attention to the status of the fuel pressure warning light.
Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES Aviation 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Flaps Trim Flaps Approach Speed Propeller Control Lever Landing Light TAKE-OFF or LANDING Position AS REQUIRED LANDING Position 60 KIAS HIGH-RPM Position ON (as required) CAUTION The approach speed has to be adapted to the actual environmental conditions. With strong head or crosswinds as well as in turbulent air or with wind shears, it may be desirable to approach at appropriate higher than normal speeds. 4.5.
Aviation Section 4 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.5.14 Flight in Heavy Rain and/or with Strongly Soiled Wings CAUTION Wet as well as strongly dirtied wings and control surfaces may impair the flight performance. This applies in particular to the take-off distance, climb performance and the maximum cruising speed. An increase of the specified stall speeds of up to 3.0 kts may occur. Wet and dirt on the pitot-static-tube may lead to false airspeed and/or altitude indications.
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AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 5 PERFORMANCE SECTION 5 PERFORMANCE Page 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5-2 5.2 PERFORMANCE CHARTS 5-3 5.2.1 Airspeed Calibration 5-3 5.2.2 Stalling Speeds 5-4 5.2.3 Wind Components / Crosswind Components 5-5 5.2.4 Flight Planning 5-6 5.2.5 Take-off Distance 5-7 5.2.6 Climb Performance / Cruise Altitude 5-8 5.2.7 Climb: Fuel Consumption, Time and Distance 5-9 5.2.
Aviation 5.1 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE INTRODUCTION The performance data in the following charts give an overview on the performance and capabilities of the AQUILA AT01. The information given herein provides a basis for the flight planning prior to every flight. All data in the charts has been acquired during flight testing conducted with an aircraft and engine in a good operating condition and then corrected to ISA conditions (15°C and 1013.25 hPa at sea level).
Aviation 5.2 Section 5 PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 PERFORMANCE CHARTS 5.2.1 Airspeed Calibration The airspeed calibration accounts for the position error of the pitot-static pressure system but not for the instrument error.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE 5.2.2 Stalling Speeds Airplane flight configuration in which the stalling speeds were determined: - Centre of Gravity (CG) Position: Take-off Mass: 31% MAC 750 kg Power Setting Flap Position VS VS [%] Position [KCAS] [KIAS] 75 Cruise 46 40 75 Take-off 42 34 75 Landing 40 31 IDLE Cruise 52 43 IDLE Take-off 47 40 IDLE Landing 43 38 Tab.: 5.2.2 Stalling Speeds in Straight-and-Level Flight Document No.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE 5.2.3 Wind Components / Crosswind Components Maximum demonstrated crosswind component: 27 km/h, 15 Knots Example: Reported Wind: 250°/20 kts RWY Direction: 270° (RWY 27) → differential angle RWY-Wind = 20° Head Wind Component: 19 kts; Crosswind Component: 7 kts from the left side Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE 5.2.4 Flight Planning The performance tables and diagrams on the following pages contain all information necessary for the flight planning starting with the take-off planning at the departure airfield up to the point of determination of the estimated landing distance at the destination airfield. Experience shows that there is a good match between the data determined in the flight planning and the actually flown data.
Aviation Section 5 PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 5.2.8 Cruise Power Settings Cruise Power - % of the Maximum Continuous Power MCP Press. Temp. Alt 55% (ISA) T RPM MP 65% F/F RPM MP 75% F/F RPM MP 85% F/F RPM MP MCP F/F RPM MP F/F [ft] [°C] [1/min] [in Hg] [l/h] [1/min] [in Hg] [l/h] [1/min] [in Hg] [l/h] [1/min] [in Hg] [l/h] [1/min] [in Hg] [l/h] 0 15 1900 24.6 14 2000 25.7 15.6 2100 27.0 21.0 2260 27.7 24 2260 28 26 2,000 11 1900 24.
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Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE 5.2.15 Flight Planning Example The following contains a flight planning example with the AQUILA AT01 to demonstrate the application and handling of the tables, charts and data presented in this section of the Flight Manual. The planning of the flight has been based upon the following boundary conditions: Aircraft Take-off mass:............................................... 720 kg Usable Fuel: ..............................................
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE CLIMB The climb performance, i.e. the achievable climb rate and the best rate-of-climb speed can be obtained from chart 5.2.6 on page 5-8. Entry parameters are the Take-off Mass, Pressure Altitude and Outside Air Temperature. The determination of the time needed and distance covered as well as the fuel consumption for the climb segment has to be done with chart 5.2.7 on page 5-9.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 5 PERFORMANCE A correction for the tailwind influence and the temperature difference to ISA-conditions has not been included in our planning example. The influence is negligible in our case. CRUISE The choice of the cruise altitude is usually a compromise considering the flight distance, aircraft performance, topography, airspace structure, en-route weather conditions and other influencing factors.
Aviation Section 5 PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 CALCULATION OF THE FUEL AMOUNT REQUIRED Required fuel for engine start-up and taxiing 2.0 Litres Required fuel for climb (page 5-9) + 2.7 Litres 4.7 Litres Climb distance (page 5-9) Wind Correction (Tailwind) 6.0 NM + 0.6 NM 6.6 NM (see remark “Fuel Quantity” on chart 5.2.10 and 5.2.11) During the descent from 4500 ft to 380 ft a distance of 11.75 NM is covered and 0.7 Litres of fuel are consumed (chart 5.2.14).
Aviation Section 5 PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 If we assume to take-off with the maximum fuel capacity on board then the following reserve remains: Usable Fuel amount Total Fuel amount required Fuel Reserve: 109.6 Litres - 83.1 Litres 26.5 Litres The actual Ground Speed of the aircraft has to be regularly checked and tracked during the flight as the basis for the checking of the flight time and the relation fuel amount required and left.
Aviation Section 5 PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 5.2.16 Noise Characteristics a) Noise Level Limit in dB(A) according to LSL, chapter X.: Certificated Noise Level 72.3 dB(A) 64.6 dB(A) Difference to the Noise Level Limit: 7.7 dB(A) Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE / EQUIPMENT LIST Page 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-2 6.2 AIRCRAFT WEIGHING PROCEDURE 6-3 Aircraft Weighing Report 6-5 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA AND RECORD 6-6 Weight and Balance Record 6-6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DETERMINATION FOR FLIGHT 6-7 6.4.1 Moment Determination 6-8 6.4.2 Weight and Moment Determination 6-9 6.4.
Aviation 6.1 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST INTRODUCTION The aircraft must be flown with a weight and centre of gravity position (C.G.) that is within the approved operating range defined in this section to guarantee safe operation, the specified flight performances and the proven flight characteristics. It is within the responsibility of the pilot to ensure that the aircraft is properly loaded. The shift in C.G.
Aviation 6.2 Section 6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST AIRCRAFT WEIGHING PROCEDURE Before conducting the weighing, the aircraft and its equipment must explicitly meet the weighing configuration specified below. In principal, the aircraft has to be weighed in an airworthy condition.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST NOTE Used Sign Convention: The lever arms of the main landing gear wheels DL and DR have a positive (+) sign and that of the nose gear wheel DN a negative (-) sign. Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 6.2.1 Aircraft Weighing Report Model: AT01 Serial No: Data in accordance with AFM Reference Datum: Horizontal Reference Line: Weighing Configuration: Effective Equipment List - dated: ___________ Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST Registration No: Occasion for Weighing: __________________ Leading edge of wing root rib. Place a wedge (5.
Aviation 6.3 Section 6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA AND RECORD The current status of the aircraft basic empty mass and a complete history of previous modifications are provided in the Weight and Balance Record. Any change to the empty mass and/or empty mass C.G. position due to repairs, modifications or changes of equipment must be documented in the Weight and Balance Record. The new empty mass and the associated C.G.
Aviation 6.4 Section 6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST WEIGHT AND BALANCE DETERMINATION FOR FLIGHT In order to operate the aircraft within the approved mass and C.G. limits, the take-off mass and the associated C.G. position must be determined dependent on the loading for the planned flight. Use the tables and charts provided on the following pages for the mass and C.G. position determination: Paragraph 6.4.1 Moment Determination (Loading Graph) Paragraph 6.4.
Aviation Section 6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST 6.4.1 Moment Determination Loading Graph 240 Seat in Most Forward Position 220 200 180 Seat in Most Rearward Position Load Mass [kg] 160 140 120 100 Fuel 80 60 Baggage 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 Moment [kg m] Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Section 6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST 6.4.2 Weight and Moment Determination Weight and Moment Determination AQUILA AT01 Example Registration No. ___________ Mass [kg] Moment [kgm] 490 210 2.) PILOT + PASSENGER Lever Arm: 0.515 m 82 42.2 3.) BAGGAGE Lever Arm: 20 26 592 278.2 1.) EMPTY MASS and MOMENT (take from the effective Aircraft Weighing Report or the Weight and Balance Record) including unusable fuel, engine oil, and coolant 1.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST 6.4.3 Approved Centre of Gravity Range and Mass Moment Limits xS = 427mm 760 xS = 523 mm 750 740 730 720 710 700 690 Example 680 Mass [kg] 670 660 650 640 630 620 610 600 590 580 570 560 550 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 Mass Moment [kg m] Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 6.5 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST EQUIPMENT LIST The equipment list on the following pages includes all instruments, avionic systems and other equipment installed in the present airplane. A list of all instruments, avionic systems and other equipment that is approved and available for the installation in the AQUILA AT01 is contained in the Maintenance Manual, document MM-AT01-1020-100.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST 6.5.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Type: AQUILA AT01 *) Registration: Designation / Description *) **) Manufacturer Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST - Serial Number: AT01Model / P/N Installation Location **) S/N Checkmark if applicable describe installation location or enter Lever Arm from reference datum in [mm] (keep algebraic sign of Lever Arm in mind) Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Type: AQUILA AT01 *) Registration: Designation / Description *) **) Manufacturer Section 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ EQUIPMENT LIST - Serial Number: AT01Model / P/N Installation Location **) S/N Checkmark if applicable describe installation location or enter Lever Arm from reference datum in [mm] (keep algebraic sign of Lever Arm in mind) Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SECTION 7 DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRCRAFT AND ITS SYSTEMS Page 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-4 7.2 AIRFRAME 7-5 7.2.1 Fuselage 7-5 7.2.2 Wing 7-5 7.2.3 Empennage 7-6 FLIGHT CONTROLS 7-6 7.3.1 Aileron Control 7-6 7.3.2 Elevator Control and Trim System 7-7 7.3.3 Rudder Control 7-7 7.3.4 Flap Control and Flap Position Indication 7-8 7.3.5 Control Stick Lock 7-8 INSTRUMENT PANEL (Standard Equipment) 7-9 7.4.
Aviation 7.6 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SEATS, SEATBELTS AND HARNESSES 7-12 Seat Adjustment 7-13 7.7 BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT 7-13 7.8 CANOPY 7-14 7.9 POWER PLANT 7-15 7.9.1 Engine 7-16 7.9.2 Throttle and Choke 7-17 7.9.3 Propeller and Propeller Control 7-18 7.9.4 Carburettor Heat 7-18 FUEL SYSTEM 7-19 7.10.1 Fuel storage and Ventilation 7-21 7.10.2 Fuel Selector / Shut-Off Valve 7-21 7.10.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.12 PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM 7-29 7.13 STALL WARNING SYSTEM 7-30 7.14 AVIONICS 7-31 7.15 RESERVED (Intentionally left blank) 7-32 Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 7.1 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION Section 7 of the Airplane Flight Manual contains a general description of and operating instructions for the aircraft and its systems. Refer to Section 9 for the description of and operating instructions for the optional equipment and systems. Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation 7.2 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AIRFRAME The majority of the aircraft structure is constructed in composite design. Glass fibre (GFRP) as well as carbon fibre materials (CFRP) are used that are bedded into an epoxy resin matrix. The aircraft structure consists of both, monolithic GFRP or CFRP shells / structural components and sandwich shells with a structural foam core based on PVC. 7.2.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The outboard end of each wing half is shaped into a winglet, which contains the NAVLights, Anti-Collision Lights as well as the outlets of the fuel tank vents, to reduce the induced drag of the airplane. The inboard third of each wing half contains an integral fuel tank with a fuel capacity of 60 Litres which is integrated into the structure fwd of the wing spar.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.3.2 Elevator Control and Trim System The elevator is operated by forward and rearward deflections of either control stick of the dual flight control system. The control input is transferred to the control surfaces solely by push rods. The deflections of the elevator control surfaces are effectively limited by adjustable stops that confine the travel of the control stick.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION CAUTION Check the proper seat position before every engine start-up to ensure the availability ot the full operating range of the nose wheel steering and the toe brakes. 7.3.4 Flap Control and Flap Position Indication The flaps are operated and fixed in the selected position by an electrical flap actuator. A three-position selector switch is incorporated in the instrument panel for flap operation.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 No. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 24 36 37 15 38 42 23 A.12 FM-AT01-1010-100E Variometer Manifold Press. Indicator RPM-Indicator (Prop.) Intercom PM 501 (opt.) COM/NAV Transponder Multifunctional Display Fuel Level Indicator Description Issue: 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 No. Document No.: Cockpit Watch Airspeed Indicator Turn Coordinator OAT-Indicator Attitude Gyro (ADI) Directional Gyro (HSI) Compass Altimeter Description 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 No.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.4.1 Flight Instruments The flight instruments are located in the instrument panel in front of the pilot’s seat. 7.4.2 Switches and Other Controls The switches for all electrical systems are arranged in a row below the flight instruments on the right side adjacent to the ignition switch.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.4.3 Cabin Heat For the cabin heating, ram air is heated in a shrouded chamber at the exhaust muffler and flows through a duct into the cabin if the heat control valve is opened. Behind the firewall, the heated air is subdivided for windshield defrosting and cabin heating. The control element to open or close the heat control valve is located in the control panel below the midsection of the instrument panel. 7.4.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION strut to the cantilever arms on the rudder control coupling shaft. That direct linkage of the nose wheel with the rudder control is also active during flight. The direct linkage between the nose wheel steering and rudder operation allows a swift taxiing, precise taxi manoeuvres and small turn radii, also in crosswind conditions without braking. To gain minimum turn radii, the brakes may be supplementary used as a supportive measure.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION so that smaller pilots will be positioned slightly higher as they adjust the seat forward. An oil/gas spring strut with locking mechanism holds the seat in the adjusted position. The seats as well as the floor panels that cover the control system and other underfloor installed devices and systems may be removed for visual inspections and maintenance. Both seats are equipped with four-part seat belts with a central rotary buckle.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION from the manufacturer. For small or loose articles, a baggage net is recommended that is available as spare part. CAUTION During the pre-flight check, verify that the baggage door is closed and locked. CAUTION The aircraft mass and centre of gravity position must be within the approved range after the loading of the aircraft is completed. 7.8 CANOPY The big canopy of the AQUILA AT01 offers an excellent all around view.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION CAUTION When locking the canopy make sure that the canopy frame rests flush on the fuselage. Push the handle on the top of the canopy frame upwards and check the position of the locking handle to make sure that it is locked and can not be unlocked during flight due to vibrations. 7.9 POWER PLANT The AQUILA AT01 is powered by a ROTAX® 912S engine which is a four-stroke cycle engine with four cylinders horizontally opposed.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.9.1 Engine The ROTAX® 912S engine is equipped with liquid cooled cylinder heads, ram-air cooled cylinders and a dry sump forced lubrication system. The engine has two carburettors, one for the right cylinders and one for the left cylinders of the engine. For oil and engine coolant cooling, a combined oil cooler/radiator is installed in the front part of the lower engine cowling behind the main cooling air intake.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION CAUTION The specifications for operating fluids issued by ROTAX® Aircraft Engines Inc. for the 912S engine must be adhered to. CAUTION Before every takeoff, a functional check of both ignition circuits must be performed. For more information on the engine, refer to ROTAX® Operator’s Manual. 7.9.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.9.3 Propeller and Propeller Control The AQUILA AT01 is equipped with a two-blade hydraulically controlled variable pitch propeller (constant speed propeller) in wood-composite-hybrid design for thrust generation.
AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION valves in the air inlet duct of the airbox are actuated which stop the direct air supply from the air intake and simultaneously open the supply of preheated air from the exhaust muffler area to enter the carburettors. The correct use of carburettor heat prevents the forming of carburettor ice that may cause rough engine operation culminating in a total engine failure in the worst case.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION CAUTION The electrical fuel pump must be switch on during all take-offs and landings as well as in those cases where too low fuel pressure is indicated by the fuel pressure warning light.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.10.1 Fuel Storage and Ventilation The inner surfaces of the composite integral tanks are coated with a special fuel tank sealant to protect the fibre composite structure against decomposition. To dampen, harmonize and smooth the fuel motion in the fuel supply outlet nozzle and fuel probe area, an anti-sloshing baffle with special perforation is integrated into the fuel tanks near the fuel supply outlet.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION In both normal operating positions (LEFT/RIGHT), the fuel supply and corresponding return line of the selected fuel tank are opened, whereas the fuel supply and return line of the other fuel tank are closed. The valve-handle points towards the direction of the fuel tank being selected. It is recommended to keep the fuel level in both tanks approximately on same levels.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION dipstick for verifying the fuel level manually is delivered with the aircraft. With the aircraft in a horizontally and laterally level position, the dip-stick should be perpendicularly inserted into the fuel tank in such a way that the handle of the dipstick is completely seated on the upper surface of the wing.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION the base of the electrical fuel pump. This drain valve is accessible at the lower surface of the nose section without the removal of any components. The attachment clip for the fuel sample cup is located at the inboard side of the baggage compartment door. CAUTION The check of the fuel sump for water and deposits has to be performed during every daily pre-flight inspection.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.11.2 Ignition System and Starter The engine is equipped with an electronically controlled ignition system of a breakerless capacitor discharge design that has two separate ignition circuits which are independent of each other. The ignition system needs no external power supply and is activated by the ignition switch. The internal control unit interrupts the ignition if the propeller speed is below 100 RPM.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Fig.: Electrical System Schematic Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.11.3 Electrical Equipment and Circuit Breakers All electrical equipment may be separately turned on or off by circuit breakers of pushpull type or by rocker switches with built-in circuit breaker function. NAV/COM-equipment as well as other avionic equipment is supplied with electrical power via the avionic master switch and the avionic main bus and is protected with separate circuit breakers.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.11.6 Fuel Pressure Warning Light If the fuel pressure at the fuel distributor in the fuel supply line to the carburettors drops below 0.15 bar, a pressure-controlled switch activates the red fuel pressure warning light located in the upper mid-section of the instrument panel. Probable causes may be: - insufficient fuel supply; - Fuel vapour in the system. 7.11.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.12 PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM Total and Static Pressure are taken from a pitot-static tube installed on the lower surface of the left wing and are transferred through the interior of the wing to the wingbody intersection by total and static pressure lines. At the wing-body-joint, the pressure lines are connected to water separators and disconnection couplings to enable a simple and easy demounting of the wing.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The pitot-static system error may be ignored for the altitude measurement. An airspeed calibration chart is provided in Section 5 of this manual.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.14 AVIONICS Depending on the installed optional avionic equipment, a NAV/COM Transceiver, a Transponder or a Multi-functional Display might be located in the centre section of the instrument panel. Detailed information on the operation of this equipment and descriptions of its systems are provided in the associated Airplane Flight Manual Supplements in Section 9.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 7 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7.15 RESERVED [Intentionally left blank] Document No.: Issue: Supersedes Issue: Date: Page: FM-AT01-1010-100E A.12 A.
Aviation Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 SECTION 8 HANDLING, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE Page 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-2 8.2 AIRCRAFT INSPECTION PERIODS 8-2 8.3 MODIFICATIONS AND REPAIRS 8-2 8.4 GROUND HANDLING AND ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF THE AIRCRAFT 8-3 8.4.1 Towing 8-3 8.4.2 Parking 8-3 8.4.3 Tie-Down 8-4 8.4.4 Jacking 8-4 8.4.5 Road Transportation 8-4 CLEANING AND CARE 8-6 8.5.1 Painted Surfaces 8-6 8.5.2 Canopy 8-7 8.5.3 Propeller 8-7 8.5.
Aviation 8.1 Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 INTRODUCTION Section 8 contains factory recommended procedures for correct ground handling as well as information regarding care instructions and servicing of the AQUILA AT01. Furthermore, it also includes requirements which must be adhered to during inspection as well as maintenance and when implementing modifications and repairs. 8.
Aviation 8.4 Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 GROUND HANDLING AND ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF THE AIRCRAFT 8.4.1 Towing 8.4.1.1 Forward Movement The aircraft can be safely moved and controlled by one person on a smooth and level surface using the tow bar delivered together with the aircraft. Before attaching the tow bar to the nose wheel of the aircraft, make sure that the propeller blades are oriented near their horizontal position.
Aviation Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 When parking the aircraft outside for a longer duration and in severe or unforeseeable weather conditions, additionally tie down the aircraft thoroughly. Furthermore, install the pitot-static tube cover and stall warning transmitter cover, close the canopy and cap the openings in the cowling.
Aviation Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 For a safe road transportation of the aircraft without any damages, special transportation jigs are required to stow the aircraft in the transportation unit. Furthermore, additional strapping and stowing means are necessary to fixate and secure the fuselage and wings during transportation such as ratchet and suitable tiedown lashing straps, fastening utilities as well as padding material.
Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Aviation propeller, the nose landing gear and the canopy must be carefully stowed and safely fixated with an inclination angle of 45 degrees or according to the direction of the diagonal of the container cross-section. The main landing gear must be removed for the transportation because of the space limitation. The fuselage has to be supported in front of the vertical stabilizer and at the wing attachment points.
Aviation Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Heavy dirt remnants as insect residue should be immediately washed off after every flight since it is usually difficult to remove those when already dried. Only in cases of extremely stubborn dirt, the cleaning may be performed using mild soapsuds as supportive measure since the protective coating of wax will be gradually washed away by this means.
Aviation Section 8 HANDLING AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 8.5.4 Engine Refer to latest issue of the Operator’s Manual for all versions of ROTAX® 912s engines. 8.5.5 Interior Cleaning Dust and loose dirt in the interior of the aircraft should be cleaned with an efficient vacuum cleaner. Prior to the cleaning, loose or foreign items should be removed or properly stowed away.
Aviation AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 Section 9 SUPPLEMENTS SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS Page 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9 -1 9.2 INDEX OF SUPPLEMENTS 9 -2 9.1 INTRODUCTION In this section, all equipment that is optionally installed in your aircraft is described in terms of AFM-Supplements. Each individual supplement may be related to either a complete modification or a single built-in component or electrical equipment.
Aviation 9.2 Section 9 SUPPLEMENTS AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AQUILA AT01 INDEX OF SUPPLEMENTS Supplement No. Title Pages Issue AVE1 Bendix King NAV/COM KX 125 AVE1-1 to 8 A.01 AVE2 Bendix King Transponder KT 76A AVE2-1 to 6 A.01 AVE3 Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) ACK E-01 AVE3-1 to 4 A.01 AVE4 Garmin GMA 340 Audio System AVE4-1 to 6 A.02 AVE5 Garmin GNS 430 GPS Navigator AVE5-1 to 6 A.02 AVE6 Garmin GTX 327 Transponder AVE6-1 to 8 A.
