About This Guide This guide tells you how to configure your Workgroup Server, use software programs, use its built-in CD-ROM drive and optional tape-backup unit, and troubleshoot hardware and software problems. For information about your server’s hardware, see the setup guide that came with your server. About your Workgroup Server and Power Macintosh software Your Workgroup Server is powered by the PowerPC™ microprocessor (or “chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.
What this guide contains Here’s a brief summary of what you’ll find in this guide: m Chapter 1, “Configuring Your Server,” describes how to set the system time and date, how to choose a printer, how to configure your monitor, and how to configure the Energy Saver control panel so that your server restarts automatically after a power failure. m Chapter 2, “Configuring Your Network Connection,” explains when you need to configure your network connection and how to do it.
How to use this guide If you are new to Macintosh: Refer to Appendix A, “Getting Help,” to learn how to use the features of Mac OS and application programs. Configure your server’s system software. See Chapter 1, “Configuring Your Server,” for information about how to configure your server’s system software for optimal performance. If necessary, configure your server’s network connection. Your server automatically uses the built-in Ethernet port for AppleTalk connections.
For on-screen help and information There are several valuable sources of help and information that you can view directly on your server’s monitor screen, as described in this section. Workgroup Server Read Me It’s important that you read the Workgroup Server Read Me file, which contains late-breaking information about your server. This file is located on the server’s hard disk and on the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. You may want to print this file for future reference.
The WS Electronic Library folder contains electronic versions of the following documents: m this book, the Administrator’s Guide, in an Adobe™ Acrobat file that has been specially formatted for easy on-screen readability m other user’s guides for software that may have come with your server Other reference material In addition to this guide, you may need to consult the following sources of information.
Where to find answers When you have questions about using your server, there are several places you can look for answers. In this book Use this book to help you set up your server and learn about it, or to find solutions to problems with your equipment. In the setup guide Use this book to help you set up and expand your server system, and to connect it to a network. Also use this book to check your server’s technical specifications.
In the About Apple Extras file The Apple Extras folder on your startup disk contains a SimpleText document called About Apple Extras with important information about some of the application programs included with your server. Read Me files can also be found inside application folders. From Apple’s customer support hotline If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the customer support hotline.
1 Configuring Your Server This chapter tells you how to configure your server’s software so you can take advantage of your server’s hardware and software features. Most of the configuration tasks are optional, but some of them allow the server to deliver the highest performance.
Configuring the system time and date It’s important that you set the current time and date for your server so that the system can correctly log system events and record file activity. You set the time and date in the Date & Time control panel. To set the system date and time: 1 Open the Date & Time control panel. The Date & Time control panel is in the Control Panels submenu in the Apple (K) menu.
6 To set the current time, click each number in the “Current time” box and type the number you want to set for the hour, month, or second. Or, click the arrows that appear until the number you want to set is displayed. Changes take effect immediately. 7 To display the time in a different format, click the Time Formats button. A dialog box appears that allows you to select from a variety of time formats including a 12-hour or a 24-hour clock. The new format takes effect when you click OK.
Choosing a printer You use the Chooser to indicate the port (printer port or modem port) you used to connect your printer, or to select a printer on the network. To choose a printer: 1 Open the Chooser. The Chooser is in the Apple (K) menu. 2 In the upper- left corner of the Chooser window, click the icon for the type of printer you want to use. 3 If zones appear in the AppleTalk Zones list, click the zone in which the printer resides.
Configuring your monitor This section tells you how use the Monitors & Sound control panel to configure your server’s monitor. Follow these steps to configure your server’s monitor: 1 Open the Monitors & Sound control panel. The Monitors & Sound control panel is in the Control Panels submenu in the Apple (K) menu. 2 If you have a color monitor, click 256 in the Color Depth list. Your server performs best when the smallest number of colors is selected.
Choosing sound devices and alert sounds This section tells you how to use the Monitors & Sound control panel to choose your server’s sound input and output devices and to configure the system alert sound and its volume. Follow these steps to choose the sound input and output devices for your server and to configure the system alert sound: 1 If you want to use an external device for sound input, connect it to the sound input port, as described in the setup guide that came with your server.
4 Use the sliders to adjust sound output level, sound output balance, computer speaker volume, and computer speaker balance. 5 To change the selected sound input device, click an item in the Sound Input pop-up menu. To use a microphone connected to the sound input port for spoken commands, select the External Microphone. The server records sounds in the same way as other Macintosh models: in 16bit mono sound, at a sample rate of 44.100 kilohertz (kHz).
7 To configure the sound that occurs when an alert box appears on the screen, click the Alerts button. 8 Click an item in the Alert Sound list to select a sound. 9 Use the slider to adjust the volume of alert sounds. 10 Close the Monitors & Sound control panel. Your changes take effect immediately. Configuring the Energy Saver control panel Your Workgroup Server comes with the Energy Saver control panel, which provides a variety of energy-saving features.
It is possible to configure the Energy Saver control panel so that the server shuts down when it’s inactive for a short period of time or so that it enters a reduced power mode (called sleep mode) when it’s inactive. Both behaviors are undesirable for servers. To avoid accidentally configuring these behaviors, follow the instructions in this section carefully.
3 To dim the monitor when the keyboard is inactive for a period of time, click the “Separate timing for display sleep” box so that an “X” appears. If you configure the Energy Saver control panel to dim the monitor, you don’t need to use a screen saver. Complicated screen savers require a considerable amount of processing power, thereby reducing server performance. 4 Adjust the slider for the “Separate timing for display sleep” control to the desired number of minutes.
2 Configuring Your Network Connection Your Workgroup Server is preconfigured to connect to an AppleTalk network through its built-in Ethernet interface. In addition, your server automatically senses the type of connector (10BASE-T or AAUI) that connects to the network. Because of the way your server is preconfigured, most network administrators do not need to perform any additional network configuration tasks.
About Open Transport Your Workgroup Server comes with Open Transport preinstalled. Open Transport is new networking and communications software for the Mac OS that supports industry standards. Open Transport allows your server to run AppleTalk applications over more than one network segment at the same time. Open Transport includes separate control panels for AppleTalk and TCP/IP. You use the AppleTalk control panel to configure your connection to an AppleTalk network.
All TCP/IP applications and those AppleTalk applications that are not able to use multihoming use the network interface that is configured as the default port. When you first start up the Workgroup Server, the built-in Ethernet interface is the default port. The AppleTalk control panel sets the default port for AppleTalk applications, and the TCP/IP control panel sets the default port for TCP/IP applications. (Note that the default port for AppleTalk and TCP/IP can be different.
2 Choose User Mode from the Edit menu and click the Administration button. Then click OK. In Administration mode, the AppleTalk control panel looks like this: In Administration mode, you can do the following: m Lock certain settings by clicking the lock icon so that only a user with access to Administration mode can change them. m Click the Options button to turn AppleTalk on and off. (For information, see “Turning Networking On and Off” later in this chapter.
3 To change the default port, choose a new port from the “Connect via” pop-up menu. You can connect to an AppleTalk network through the printer port, the modem port, the built-in Ethernet interface, or any additional network interface cards installed in your server. 4 To choose the zone you want, choose a new zone from the “Current zone” pop-up menu (if available). 5 Close the AppleTalk control panel. 6 If you have made configuration changes, an alert box asks if you want to save changes.
Configuring your TCP/IP network connection You use the TCP/IP control panel to specify the default port for TCP/IP as well as other information that TCP/IP requires. In particular, your server must have an Internet Protocol (IP) address. It may also need a subnet mask number, depending on the way TCP/IP is implemented on your network.
If your network has a BootP, DHCP, RARP, or MacIP server, continue to the next section, “Configuring via a Server.” If you are configuring the TCP/IP control panel manually, see “Configuring TCP/IP Manually” later in this chapter. Configuring via a server The procedure for using a server varies depending on whether the server that you are going to use is a BootP, DHCP, RARP, or MacIP server.
3 If you want to specify a MacIP server in a particular zone, click Select Zone to choose the zone of the MacIP server you want to use. Otherwise, go to step 6. 4 In the dialog box that appears, choose the zone in which your MacIP server is located. Click here if the MacIP server is in the same zone as your Workgroup Server. Click here to choose a different zone. Click here to display only those zones that have MacIP servers.
Configuring via a BootP, DHCP, or RARP server To configure TCP/IP using a BootP, DHCP, or RARP server: 1 Choose Ethernet from the “Connect via” pop-up menu. 2 From the Configure pop-up menu, select the server type that is appropriate for your network. In this example, a BootP server is selected. The next time you make a TCP/IP connection, an IP address will be assigned to the server. If you open the TCP/IP control panel, your assigned IP address will appear in the “IP Address” box.
Configuring TCP/IP manually You must configure TCP/IP manually if your server connects to a network in which a BootP, DHCP, RARP, or MacIP server is not present, or if the server does not provide all the configuration information that you need to configure your Workgroup Server. To configure TCP/IP manually: 1 Choose Ethernet from the “Connect via” pop-up menu. 2 If your network uses the IEEE 802.3 variant of the Ethernet standard, click the Use 802.
6 If you have the IP address for a router, type it in the “Router address” box. A router is a device that directs information along the most efficient or appropriate network path. It connects two or more network cables, thereby allowing computers and other network devices on each cable to communicate with each other. The router maintains a table that contains the address of each device on each network.
The hosts file contains a list of host names and associated IP addresses. The hosts file provides a subset of the functionality of a name server. Because maintaining the hosts file can become difficult in a network that has many hosts, you should use a name server if one is available. If you use a name server and a hosts file, the hosts file is checked before the name server. For information about the format of the hosts file, see “Hosts File Format” later in this chapter.
10 Enter in the “Additional Search domains” box the names of any other domains that you want to search. You can enter more than one domain name. Press Return after each domain name. You can specify as many domain names as you want as long as you do not type more than 255 characters. The domain names that you enter are used exactly as you type them and are not put together in different combinations. For example, if you specify “apple.com,” “university.edu,” and “nowhere.
Turning networking on and off Both the AppleTalk control panel and the TCP/IP control panel allow you to turn off AppleTalk and TCP/IP, respectively. To turn off AppleTalk or TCP/IP: 1 Open the appropriate control panel. To turn off TCP/IP, open the TCP/IP control panel. To turn off AppleTalk, open the AppleTalk control panel. 2 Choose User Mode from the control panel’s File menu and click the Advanced or the Administration button. Then click OK. 3 In the control panel, click the Options button.
User modes The AppleTalk and TCP/IP control panels support three different modes: Basic, Advanced, and Administration. This section shows you what each control panel looks like in each mode and describes the differences between the modes.
In Advanced mode, you can use the AppleTalk control panel to do everything that can be done in Basic mode, plus the following: Lock m Display the server’s node and network numbers and the network range. AppleTalk dynamically assigns the node number when it starts up. m Click the Options button to display a dialog box that can be used to turn AppleTalk off or on again. m Click the Info button to display details about the server’s AppleTalk settings.
TCP/IP control panel user modes In Basic mode, the TCP/IP control panel looks like this: In Basic mode, the TCP/IP control panel allows you to do the following (if the settings are not locked): m Use the “Connect via” pop-up menu to change the default port for TCP/IP. m Use the Configure pop-up menu to select a configuration method. m Enter the server’s IP address (if you are configuring manually). m Enter the server’s subnet mask number. m Enter the IP address of one or more name servers.
In Advanced mode, the TCP/IP control panel looks like this: In Advanced mode, you can do everything that can be done in Basic mode, plus the following (if the settings are not locked): m Select a Hosts file (if you are configuring manually or if you are using a BootP, DHCP, or RARP server). For information about the content and format of this file, see “Hosts File Format” later in this chapter.
In Administration mode, you can do everything that can be done in Advanced mode, plus lock (by clicking the lock icon) every setting except the current Hosts file. Setting a password You can set a password that limits access to Administration mode for both the AppleTalk control panel and the TCP/IP control panel. To set a password: 1 With the AppleTalk or TCP/IP control panel open, choose User Mode from the Edit menu.
3 Type the password you want to use in the Password box. When you type the password, you see dots (•) instead of the letters you type. 4 Type the password again in the Verify Password box, then click OK. The password is set. The next time any one tries to enter Administration mode for this control panel, he or she must enter the password that you set.
The top half of the Info window displays the following: m The AppleTalk network number (in this case, 35404) and the node number (in this case, 240). m The Media Access Control (MAC) address of the default port (in this case, 08 00 07 BF B5 17). m The AppleTalk network and node number of the AppleTalk router that is present on the cable connected to the current default port. The bottom half of the AppleTalk Info window displays the version numbers for Open Transport, AppleTalk, and the AppleTalk driver.
Working with network configurations The AppleTalk and TCP/IP control panels allow you to save configurations. An “AppleTalk configuration” is the collection of settings that you make in the AppleTalk control panel, and a “TCP/IP configuration” is a collection of settings that you make in the TCP/IP control panel. You can save settings for each control panel so that it is easy to transport a setting to another computer or so that you can easily switch between settings.
5 Click OK. The name of the new configuration appears in the configuration list. 6 With the name of the new configuration highlighted, click Make Active. The settings in the new configuration appear in the control panel. 7 Make any changes that you want for the new configuration. 8 Close the control panel. An alert box appears: Once saved, the new configuration will become the current configuration.
Using a different configuration To use a different configuration: 1 Open the control panel for which you want to use a different configuration. 2 Choose Configurations from the File menu. The Configurations window appears. 3 Click the name of the file that contains the configuration you want to use. 4 Click Make Active. The control panel becomes active, and the settings from the selected configuration file appear in it. 5 Close the control panel.
Exporting a configuration You may want use a configuration (possibly with some small modification) on another computer. You do this by exporting the configuration to a file and copying the file to the other computer. To export a configuration to a file: 1 Open the control panel for which you want to export a configuration. 2 Choose Configurations from the File menu. The Configurations window appears. 3 Click the name of the configuration that you want to export. 4 Click Export.
Importing a configuration To import a configuration from another computer: 1 Copy the configuration file to the computer on which you want to use it. 2 On that computer, open the control panel for which you want to import a configuration. 3 Choose Configurations from the File menu. The Configurations window appears. 4 Click Import. 5 In the dialog box that appears, locate the file that contains the configuration you want to import. 6 Click Open.
If you do not change the IP address, you may cause the same IP address to be used by two different computers on the network, which causes network errors. WARNING 8 Close the control panel. 9 If you have made configuration changes, an alert box asks if you want to save changes. Click the Save button. If the imported configuration changes the default port, an alert notifies you that networking services already established will be interrupted. Click OK.
The ttl (time to live) subfield specifies the number of seconds for which the record is valid. This subfield is optional. If it is not present, or if it is “-1”, the record is always valid. The class subfield is optional. The only value that is currently supported is “IN” (Internet domain). The type subfield is required and describes the type of identifier that follows. Use “A” to indicate that an IP address follows. Use “CNAME” to indicate that the identifier that follows is a canonical (“real”) name.
To use a domain name that is not fully qualified in the TCP/IP hosts file, you can use two records. The first record associates a local alias with a fully qualified domain name, and the second record resolves the domain name to an IP address. For example, you might have the following entry in a MacTCP hosts file: bigcomputer A 128.1.1.1 To accomplish the same effect of associating “bigcomputer” with the address 128.1.1.
3 Using Application Software This chapter provides important information you need to know about using your Workgroup Server with application programs. For instance, although your server is compatible with most programs intended for use with Macintosh computers, certain programs are designed especially for Power Macintosh computers. These kinds of programs take best advantage of your server’s speed. In addition, the order in which certain programs start up affects a server’s performance.
Using Power Macintosh programs Programs designed for the PowerPC–based Workgroup Server provide improved performance for your server. However, to get the full benefit of this software, you need to know about two important items—virtual memory and shared libraries. Virtual memory Virtual memory is a feature of Macintosh computers that lets you use space on a hard disk as additional memory.
If a Power Macintosh program requires a shared library and there is not enough memory available for the shared library, you’ll see a message that the program could not be opened because there is not enough system memory available for the shared library. If this happens, quit programs not in use or install more memory in your server. (For more information, see the information on expanding memory in the setup guide that came with your server.
2 Turn off Modern Memory Manager. Click here to turn off Click here to turn Modem Memory Manager off Modern Memory Manager. When you are finished using the program, open the Memory control panel again and turn Modern Memory Manager back on. For best performance, contact the program’s manufacturer for an upgrade.
Using desktop application programs You can also use your Workgroup Server as a desktop personal computer to run some personal application programs. Running such programs, however, may degrade the performance of your server application programs or network services. Order of installing and starting programs Though your server may have come with server application programs or network services, you may want to install additional software.
2 Drag the aliases to the Startup Items folder, located in the System Folder on your startup disk. Macintosh computers and servers automatically open documents and programs (or their aliases) located in the Startup Items folder whenever the server starts up. Note: The server opens documents and programs located in the Startup Items folder in alphabetical or numerical order.
Note: The server opens scripts and programs located in the Shutdown Items folder in alphabetical or numerical order. Because the order in which server application programs are run may be important, you may want to rename the aliases so that the programs are run in the desired order. The next time you choose Shut Down or Restart from the Special menu, the scripts and programs are run. If you choose Shut Down from the Apple menu, the items in the Shutdown Items folder are not run.
Working with several programs at a time You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your server’s memory allows. Finding out which programs are open All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. The name of the active program (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar.
4 Managing Hard DIsks This chapter tells you how to perform common disk maintenance tasks, such as mounting volumes, initializing hard disks, and installing system software. When working with your Workgroup Server’s startup disk, you often need to start up from a different disk, such as the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. This chapter tells you how.
Backing up your files Making backup copies of important server files is good protection against possible damage to the originals. If a backup program was included with your server, be sure to use it (or another backup program if you prefer) to set up and schedule a regular, automatic backup of your files. You can also back up your files manually, by making copies on another hard disk or even on floppy disks, but such methods are less convenient.
To use Drive Setup to mount volumes: 1 Open the Drive Setup icon. The Drive Setup program resides in the Utilities folder in the Apple Extras folder on your startup disk. When Drive Setup starts up, it automatically scans the SCSI bus for devices that contain volumes. 2 In the list of drives, click the umounted volume that you want to mount. 3 Choose Mount Volumes from the Functions menu. The selected volume is mounted, and its icon appears on the desktop. 4 Choose Quit from the File menu.
Initializing a hard disk Before you can use a new disk, the disk must be prepared so that the server knows where to store information on the disk. This preparation is called initializing (or formatting) the disk. Initializing a disk erases any information that may be on it. Before you initialize a damaged disk, try to repair it as described in “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter.
1 If the disk that you need to initialize is your startup disk, start up your server from the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. For details, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter. 2 Open the Drive Setup icon. The Drive Setup program resides in the Utilities folder in the Apple Extras folder on your startup disk and on the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. 3 In the list of drives, click the disk you want to initialize.
Installing system software System software is the set of programs and other files that your server uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs you use. System software is kept in the folder called the System Folder. When you turn on your server, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that contains the system software. The startup disk is usually an internal hard disk, although another hard disk or a floppy disk can also be a startup disk.
2 Find and open the Disk First Aid icon. The Disk First Aid program resides in the Utilities folder in the Apple Extras folder on your startup disk and on the Workgroup Server Software CDROM disc. After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First Aid checks your hard disk for any problems. 3 When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the File menu. 4 Open the Drive Setup program. The Drive Setup program resides in the Utilities folder.
Click to indicate a different disk. This is the disk on which system software will be installed. 11 Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install system software. If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears. 12 Click Install. 13 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen. If you’re installing system software from floppy disks, you see messages asking you to insert different disks.
Doing a clean installation of system software The steps in this section outline a “clean” installation of system software. A clean installation allows you to discover which item in your System Folder is causing a problem. A clean installation creates a brand new System Folder and saves everything in your original System Folder in a different location.
4 Open the Drive Setup program. You use the Drive Setup program to update your hard disk. 5 In the list of drives, click your startup disk. 6 Pull down the Functions menu and choose Update Driver. 7 When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup. 8 Shut down your server. 9 If you are installing system software on your startup disk, start up your server from the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc.
11 Make sure that the hard disk named in the Destination Disk box is the one on which you want to install system software. If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears. 12 Hold down Shift–x–K to start the clean installation. The following dialog box appears. 13 Make sure that the Install New System Folder button is selected and click OK. The Easy Install dialog box appears.
15 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen. It takes a few minutes to complete the installation. 16 When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, you may need to click Restart. You need to click Restart only if you installed software onto the startup disk. If a message reports that installation was not successful, try repeating the clean installation procedure.
Doing a custom installation of system software The Easy Install procedure described in the previous sections is usually appropriate, because it automatically installs all the items you need. However, if you’d like to select a combination of system software files for your specific needs, you can customize your system software installation. You use custom installation to install or update one or more specific files, or to save space on your hard disk by installing only the files you want.
4 Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component you want to install. You can see and select individual items within each component by clicking the arrow to the left of the component, then clicking the item you want to install. To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with the letter i in it to the right of the component. 5 Click Install. 6 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.
5 Using the CD-ROM Drive Read this chapter for information on using your server’s internal CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) drive. (CD-ROM drives are also sometimes called CD-ROM players.) For information on the proper handling of CD-ROM discs, refer to Appendix A in the setup guide that came with your server.
Your internal CD-ROM drive works with CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and single-session or multisession Photo CDs. Your CD-ROM drive provides access to large amounts of information. However, you cannot save information on CD-ROM discs. ROM stands for read-only memory, meaning that the player cannot “write” information onto CD-ROM discs. A wide selection of CD-ROM discs is available for entertainment, education, and business.
3 Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up. Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it is centered within the inside ring on the tray. 4 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray. In a few moments, an icon for the CD-ROM disc appears on your screen. Ejecting a CD-ROM disc Follow these instructions to open the tray and eject a CD-ROM disc from your computer.
1 Open the tray. There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive. If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen: m Select the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash. m Click the disc icon, then choose the Put Away command in the File menu. m While the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from the File menu, or simultaneously press the x and E keys.
Working with Photo CDs You can use your CD-ROM drive to open Photo CD images stored on Photo CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard photograph that you can open and view on your screen. You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs: m Open and view the images individually on your screen. m View the images on your screen in a series, as you would view a slide presentation.
6 Using a DAT Drive and Tape Cassettes You need to read this chapter only if your server includes an internal tapebackup unit. This chapter describes the types of tape cassettes that work with the internal tape-backup unit, tells you how to insert and remove tape cassettes, explains the DAT drive status lights, and tells you how to clean the tape-drive heads.
Compatible tapes Your internal DAT (digital audio tape) drive is compatible with MRSquality DDS (digital data storage) tape cassettes. MRS (Media Recognition System) cassettes are the highest-quality digital data tape available. Your internal tape drive requires this level of quality to perform backup operations successfully. See your Apple-authorized service provider for more MRS-quality DDS tape cassettes or their compatible substitutes.
There are two conditions that indicate the self-test has failed. If the light on the right flashes amber, you may need to clean the tape-drive head, as described in the section “Cleaning the Tape-Drive Heads” later in this chapter. Or, if a tape is loaded in the tape drive, a flashing amber light may indicate that the tape is worn and needs to be replaced.
Status lights Located next to the tape drive opening are two lights that inform you of the status of tape operations. The light on the left is the tape light, and the light on the right is the clean light. A solid green tape light indicates normal operation and a solid amber clean light indicates a warning condition. A flashing green tape light indicates activity between the tape drive and the SCSI bus.
The caution signal If your tape drive detects problems, it displays a caution signal: the clean light flashes amber. You can clear the caution signal by ejecting the cassette. The caution signal may be caused by dirty tape-drive heads. If this signal appears, clean the heads and insert the tape again. (Head-cleaning instructions are given in “Cleaning the Tape-Drive Heads,” later in this chapter.) The caution signal may also indicate a worn-out tape.
Locking a cassette You can lock a DDS cassette by sliding the tab on the back of the cassette so that the hole is visible. Once a tape cassette is locked, data can be read from the cassette but not written to it. Avoiding high humidity Whenever your tape drive detects water condensation, both status lights glow solid amber. This warning signal cancels any commands in progress. Furthermore, any commands that access the tape are rejected.
Cleaning the tape-drive heads The most common reason for the display of a caution signal on the front panel is that the tape-drive heads are dirty. Although your tape drive has a built-in roller for cleaning the heads during normal operation, you still need to perform a separate cleaning step as part of preventive maintenance. Your system comes with a cleaning cassette that you should use to clean the tape-drive heads after every 25 hours of running time.
7 Troubleshooting If you have trouble with your server, review the solutions to typical problems listed in this chapter. If you have a question or encounter a problem while your system is still running, you can also check the “Troubleshooting” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. For more information on the kinds of on-screen help available, see Appendix A, “Getting Help,” in this guide.
When you run into trouble When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately. The message stays on the screen until you click the OK button or turn off the server. To help diagnose and correct the problem, gather as much information about the situation as you can before starting over. m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred. Write down the message on the screen and its ID number (if any).
If you have a problem with your server and nothing presented in this chapter solves it, consult the service and support information that came with your server for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance. If you attempt to repair the server yourself, any damage you may cause to the server will not be covered by the limited warranty on your server.
To restart your server, try the following steps: 1 If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s on screen. 2 If you can’t choose Restart, press x-Control-Power key. This key combination restarts the server. (Use this key combination only when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu.) 3 Turn off your server with the power button on the front panel of the server, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again.
To rebuild the desktop of a startup disk, follow these steps: 1 Save your set of currently selected extensions. a. Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Extensions Manager from the Control Panels submenu of the Apple (K) menu. b. From the Sets pop-up menu, choose Save Set. c. In the Save Set dialog box, type a name for your currently selected extensions (for example, “My Extensions”) and click OK. The name of your set is added to the Sets pop-up menu.
Solving typical problems This section contains descriptions of problems your server may experience. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if you don’t find your problem here, be sure to check the section “Solving CD-ROM Problems” later in this chapter. Be sure to review the information in the Workgroup Server Read Me file located on your server’s hard disk and on the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. This file contains late-breaking information and tips.
Problem Page Your application program can’t be opened because a file can’t be found You experience problems using an older Macintosh program CD-ROM problems Printer connectivity problems AppleTalk problems TCP/IP problems Hard disk problems 101 101 102 110 111 112 113 Your server’s performance decreases.
The server is turned on but the screen is dark. The server or the monitor is not getting power, a program has darkened the screen, or the monitor controls are not adjusted properly. m If you use a screen-saver program or the Energy Saver control panel to dim the screen, press a key or move the mouse. m Check the monitor’s brightness and contrast controls and turn them up if necessary. m Check that the monitor is turned on.
m The system software is not installed on the startup hard disk, the system software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly. Start up your server with the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc (see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in Chapter 4). Then refer to “Solving Hard Disk Problems” at the end of this chapter. If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing System Software” in Chapter 4. A disk icon with an X appeared and the floppy disk was ejected.
You installed a CD-ROM drive after you bought your server and your server won’t restart after you’ve copied software for your CD-ROM drive to the System Folder. m If you attempt to install software for your CD-ROM drive without using the Installer, you may not be able to restart your server. Restart the server while holding down the Shift key (to turn off system extensions) and then remove any CD-ROM software files you copied by dragging them to the Trash.
If you still have a problem, try the following: m If the hard disk is external, make sure it is turned on and its cable is connected firmly and properly terminated; then restart the server. m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your server. See the information on SCSI devices in the setup guide that came with your server. m If the hard disk is your startup disk, start up your server with the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc (see “Starting Up From a CDROM Disc” in Chapter 4).
Your server can’t read a floppy disk. If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following: m Insert the disk again—sometimes that’s all it takes. m If the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it. See the instructions for preparing a disk listed in the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. m Insert the disk in another computer’s disk drive.
If none of these solutions works, take the server or disk drive to your Apple-authorized service provider to have the disk removed. You can’t start your program or it quits unexpectedly. When you try to open a program, you see a message that not enough memory is available. The program needs more memory or the server ran out of memory. m Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want to use, or restart your server. m Use the program’s Info window to give it more memory.
A dialog box with a “bomb” icon appears. Your system has a software problem. m Write down what you were doing when the dialog box appeared, and write down the number on the message, if there is one. m Restart your server (see “Start Over” earlier in this chapter). Most software problems are temporary and restarting usually corrects the problem. m If the problem recurs, check the startup disk and program you are using when the message appears.
m If the problem recurs, it may be due to an incompatible program. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software. If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and support information that came with your server for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance. Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen.
You see a message that an application program can’t be found. The following dialog box appears if you try to open a document created using software that is not on your hard disk. Normally, you see this message if you try to open a document that came from another computer with software that is different from yours. m Some documents can be opened by more than one application program.
You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer. If you can’t open a DOS or Windows document using a Macintosh program, try the following: m Open the document from within the program by using the Open command in the program’s File menu. m Use the PC Exchange control panel to change the document’s type to one that can be opened by the program.
Solving CD-ROM problems The following table lists CD-ROM problems by symptom and the page number for each problem.
Note: The Workgroup Server 7250 has one SCSI bus, and the Workgroup Server 8550 has two SCSI buses. On a Workgroup Server 7250, all SCSI devices must have unique ID numbers because they are on the same SCSI bus. On the Workgroup Server 8550, devices on different SCSI buses can have the same SCSI ID number. m If you installed an additional CD-ROM drive, make sure the CD-ROM software that came with the drive is installed.
The tray of your CD-ROM drive won’t open. If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen: m Drag the disc icon to the Trash, or select it and choose Put Away from the File menu. If the AppleCD Audio Player program is active, choose Eject CD from the File menu. If you see a message that a disc can’t be put away because it is being shared, turn off file sharing, then try again to put away the disc. If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen: m Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive.
Problems using CD-ROM discs You insert a CD-ROM disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the Macintosh desktop. m Make sure that the disc label is facing up and the disc is centered in the tray. If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it is within the tray’s inner ring. m Make sure the tray is closed all the way. m Try restarting your server. m Try starting your server from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software while holding the “c” key down.
Your server ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message. m Make sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up. If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered within the tray’s inner ring. m The disc may need to be cleaned. (For information on how to do this, see the section on handling CD-ROM discs in the setup guide that came with your server.
Problems playing audio CDs You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD or an audio track on a CD-ROM disc using the AppleCD Audio Player. m If the CD-ROM drive was installed after you bought your server, make sure the audio cable is properly connected. See the documentation that came with the CD-ROM drive for more information. m If you have headphones or speakers connected to the server, adjust the connector to make sure they are firmly connected.
Problems using Photo CDs Your CD-ROM drive will not open Photo CDs. m Reinstall the CD-ROM software. See “Reinstalling CD-ROM Software” later in this chapter. Your server does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD. m Your server may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your server and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for more information on managing memory.
If you added a CD-ROM drive after you bought your server, the CD-ROM software is probably on a floppy disk that came with the drive. If, for some reason, you need to reinstall the CD-ROM software for that drive, you should reinstall it from the floppy disk that came with the drive. Follow these steps to reinstall the CD-ROM software for the built-in CD-ROM drive: 1 Start up your server from the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. For details, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in Chapter 4.
4 Select Multimedia Software by clicking the checkbox next to it. To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with the letter i in it to the right of the component. 5 Click Install. 6 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen. 7 When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit. If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again. (Follow the instructions on the screen.) 8 Restart your server.
Solving AppleTalk problems You can’t turn AppleTalk on. Make sure you turn on AppleTalk in the AppleTalk control panel. If you’re sure it’s turned on in the control panel, check to make sure AppleTalk is also turned on in the Chooser. If you have other software that can turn AppleTalk on or off, make sure that it’s turned on in that software as well. You can’t see any network devices in the Chooser. m Make sure AppleTalk is turned on.
Solving TCP/IP problems Your server can’t connect to devices outside its local network. Make sure your router address is correct. Your server can connect to hosts by IP address, but not by name. m Make sure you have entered valid domain names in the Additional Search Domains box. m If you have entered your local and administrative domain names, double-check to make sure they’re correct. Your server does not respond to a “ping.
Solving hard disk problems If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m Shut down your server and turn off any external disk devices. m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your server. The Workgroup Server 7250 has one SCSI bus, and the Workgroup Server 8550 has two SCSI buses. On a Workgroup Server 7250, all SCSI devices must have unique ID numbers because they are on the same SCSI bus.
How to test a hard disk You can test an Apple SCSI hard disk with the Drive Setup program. Note: Drive Setup can only test drives that were formatted by the Drive Setup program. It cannot test drives on which the Apple RAID driver is installed, or drives that were formatted by another utility. 1 If the disk that you need to test is your startup disk, start up your server from the Workgroup Server Software CD-ROM disc. For details, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in Chapter 4.
5 When a message tells you that testing is complete, click Quit. If the test reveals a problem, you may be able to correct it by using Disk First Aid or another disk repair program (see the instructions in the next section), or you may need to initialize the disk (see “Initializing a Hard Disk” in Chapter 4). Consult an Apple-authorized service provider for assistance if necessary.
4 Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk. If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then click Repair. 5 When testing and repair are finished, choose Quit from the File menu. If Disk First Aid cannot correct the problem m Try repairing the disk again. Sometimes repeating the process corrects the problem. m Use another disk repair or recovery program. Some disk repair programs let you recover information from a damaged disk.
Appendix A Getting Help When you have questions about how your system software works, look to the Guide menu for access to on-screen help. The Guide menu is identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.
Learning the basics If you are a new Macintosh user, take a look at the Macintosh Tutorial, available in the Guide menu. The tutorial teaches you the basic skills you’ll need to use your server. To start the tutorial, follow these steps: 1 Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk. Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Don’t press the mouse button (under your index finger). Notice that the arrow (8) on the screen moves in the same direction that you move the mouse.
3 With the tip of the arrow on the question mark, press and hold down the mouse button. A list of choices (called a menu) appears. This is the Guide (h) menu, which is the place to go when you have a question about how to use your server. 4 While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow until the words “Macintosh Tutorial” are highlighted, then release the mouse button. A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside for now and follow the instructions on the screen.
Reviewing the basics The following illustration summarizes many of the basic skills and terms you learned from the tutorial. The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and words in it represent menus of commands. You can have several application programs open at once. To see which program is active or to switch from one program to another, use this menu (called the Application menu). To move a window, drag it by the title bar. To close a window, click the close box.
Menus The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and words in it represent menus of commands. To open a menu, place the pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press the mouse button. Guide menu To find an answer to a question, look in the Guide (h) menu. Application menu You can have several application programs open at once. To see which program is active or to switch from one program to another, use this menu (called the Application menu).
Windows Windows are boxes that display text, graphics, or icons. To change the shape or position of a window, or to close the window, use the elements shown here. Close box To close a window, click the close box. Title bar To move a window, drag it by the middle of the title bar (anywhere in the bar except the small boxes). Scroll arrow To bring hidden portions of a window’s contents into view, click one of the four scroll arrows.
2 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Macintosh Guide. The Macintosh Guide window appears. Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its title bar (the gray bar across the top of the window).
3 Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For. Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information: m Topics lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of contents in a book. m Index lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it is like the index in a book. m Look For lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase that you type.
Getting answers with the Topics button 1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button. A list of general topics appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topics may be different.) 2 Click “Customizing Your Computer” in the list of topics. When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window. To get instructions, click a question ... ... then click OK.
3 Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. Click here to see the next step (if there is one). If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click here. 4 Read and follow the instructions in this window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
2 Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase “background pattern” is visible. You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list. 3 Click the phrase “background pattern” in the alphabetical list. When you click any index entry, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window. To get instructions, click a question ... ... then click OK.
5 Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step. 6 When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Guide window. Now continue with the next section.
To get instructions, click a question ... ... then click OK. 4 Click the question “How do I change the beep sound?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to close Macintosh Guide, click here. Click here to see the next step (if there is one). 5 Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
Tips for using Macintosh Guide Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively: m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.
Identifying objects on the screen Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, “What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help. Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen in balloons like those you see in comic strips. Follow these steps to use Balloon Help: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Show Balloons.
Learning useful shortcuts You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it. Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Shortcuts. The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.
2 Click one of the category buttons. Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category. If you want to close the window, click here. Click here to see the next step (if there is one). Click here to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window for more categories. 3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected. Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the next window (if there is one).
Appendix B Special Keys on Your Keyboard Your server keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the server without using the mouse. For example, in many application programs, pressing the x (Command) key at the same time as the Q key is often an alternative method of quitting a program. The following table describes what you can do with the special keys on your keyboard.
Special keys on Apple keyboards (continued) Escape key esc Function keys F1 Option key Numeric keys alt option num lock clear = / 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 3 Press to turn on the server. Return key return Shift key shift Use to move the insertion point to the beginning of the next line. In a dialog box, pressing Return is the same as clicking the outlined button. Use to produce capital letters (or the upper character on the key).
Typing special characters and symbols You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents) by pressing combinations of keys. The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key combinations in the fonts available on your server. Choose Key Caps from the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.
If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you can use in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or other diacritical marks. If you see rectangles: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-x to see the diacritical marks. However, you only need to use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the other keys to type letters with diacritical marks.
Special key combinations If difficulties with your mouse or server don’t allow you to use standard methods of quitting a program or restarting your server you can try using these special key combinations. To do this... Force a program to quit …press this key combination x-Option-Esc Here are other key combinations you may find useful: To do this...
Appendix C Obtaining Updated Apple Software Apple technical support information and software updates are available from many online services. Using these services, you can get troubleshooting and other important information. You can also get the latest versions of Apple software, including most printer drivers, system enablers, and updates to utilities, networking, and communication software. Be sure to read the posted Apple Software License Agreement before installing any software.
America Online Apple software updates are posted to the USA Apple SW Updates area, which is located in the Apple Computer, Inc. folder. You can use the keyword applecomputer to go directly to the Apple Computer, Inc. folder, or follow this path to find the software updates: Computing window Company Connection window Technical Support window Hardware folder Hardware window Apple Computer, Inc.
eWorld Support information and Apple software updates are posted to the Apple Technical Support area. You can use the shortcut support to go directly to this area, or follow this path: Computer Center Apple Customer Center Apple Technical Support Internet: FTP servers Support information and software updates are posted to two file transfer protocol (ftp) servers: ftp.info.apple.com and ftp.support.apple.com. ftp.info.apple.com m Host name: ftp.info.apple.com m IP number: 204.96.16.4 m Path: ftp/Apple.
If you are downloading a software update from an FTP site, please note that the updates are self-extracting archive files (identified by having “.sea” at the end of the file name) that have been converted to a binhex file format. If your FTP client software or commercial online service gateway does not perform an automatic binhex to .sea file translation, you’ll need to obtain software to do this manually.
Staying informed of Apple software updates You can receive notification and descriptions of each new Apple software update posted to the Apple Software Updates areas on Apple supported online services and Internet sites. We will also send you information on feebased Apple software upgrades not posted online. To subscribe 1 Send an E-mail message to swupdates@thing1.info.apple.com. 2 In the message SUBJECT field, type “subscribe yourrealname.
Index A AAUI connector 19 About Apple Extras file 7 accent marks, typing 137–138 address information.
application programs and software. See programs arrow keys 135 audio CDs playing 74 solving typical problems 102 B backing up files 58, 77 Balloon Help, identifying screen objects 131 Basic user mode 20 changing settings in AppleTalk control panel 33–34 changing settings in TCP/IP control panel 35 “bomb” icon, troubleshooting 98 BootP (Boot Protocol) servers 24 using to configure a TCP/IP network 27 C Caps Lock key 135 cassettes.
selecting configuration method 35 turning networking on and off 32 via a BootP, DHCP, or RARP server 27 via a MacIP server 25–26 connectors, network 19 Control key 135 customer support hotline 7 Custom Install dialog box 109 customizing system software 69–70 D data compression of files 77 data field in hosts file 45 DAT (digital audio tape) drive, compatible tape cassettes 78 Date & Time control panel 10–11 date, setting 10–11 DDS-2 DAT drive, compatible tape cassettes 78 DDS (digital data storage) tap
Preferences 45 Previous System 67 Shutdown Items 54–55 Startup Items 54 System Folder 62 Utilities 61 WS Electronic Library 4 formatting a hard disk drive 60–61 function keys 136 G green status light (DAT drive) 78, 80 Guide (h) menu 4, 6, 120 H hard disk drives backing up files 58 increasing performance 58 initializing (formatting) 60–61 installing system software 62–64, 62–68 mounting volumes 58–59 putting to sleep warning 18 solving problems 113–116 starting up from CD-ROM disc 59 using Apple RAID S
using Index button 126–128 using Look For button 128–129 using Topics button 125–126 initializing a hard disk drive 60–61 installing CD-ROM software 108–110 device drivers 11 network services 5 system software 62–70 internal tape-backup units 77–83 Internet: FTP servers 143 Internet: Gopher server 144 Internet: World Wide Web sites 144 IP addresses assigning manually 28 assigning via servers 24, 27 displaying information 34, 39 entering in TCP/IP control panel 35 in hosts file 29–30, 45–47 for name ser
N name field in hosts file 45 names, domain 30 name server, specifying 29, 35 NCSA Telnet networking software 26 Netscape networking software 26 network numbers 34, 39 networks.
switching 56 for using CD-ROM drive 108–110 using on server 53 using several at a time 56 Q QuickDraw GX 55 R RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) servers 24 using to configure a TCP/IP network 27 Read Me files 4, 6, 7, 52, 90 Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) technology 1 reference books 5 reinstalling CD-ROM software 108–110 system software 62 repairs 87 restarting server automatically 17–18 problems 88 Retrospect Remote backup utility 77, 81 Return key 136 router IP address assigning to
subnet mask assigning to server 28 entering number in TCP/IP control panel 35 support from Apple 7, 87 from online services 141–145 switching programs 56 symbols, typing 137–138 system error, troubleshooting 87–88 System Folder 62 determining damage 65–67 replacing special software 68 system software clean installation 65–68 custom installation 69–70 normal installation 62 reinstalling 62 replacing special software 68–69 T Tab key 136 tape cassettes cleaning the head 83 compatible with DAT drive 78 ins
Macintosh desktop doesn’t appear 103 server won’t restart after adding CDROM drive 103 server won’t start with disc in drive 104 tray won’t open 104 using files in ISO 9660 or High Sierra format 106 using Photo CDs 108 troubleshooting network problems AppleTalk 111 TCP/IP 112 troubleshooting server problems application program not found 100 beep during startup 93 blinking question mark 92–93 clock 95 dark screen 92 diagnosing the problem 86 dialog box with “bomb” icon 98 disk with “X” icon 93 ejecting
Workgroup Server Administrator’s Guide for the Workgroup Server 7250 and 8550
ii K Apple Computer, Inc. © 1996 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries.
iii Contents About This Guide / 1 About your Workgroup Server and Power Macintosh software / 1 Who should read this guide / 1 What this guide contains / 2 How to use this guide / 3 For on-screen help and information / 4 Workgroup Server Read Me / 4 The Guide menu / 4 Workgroup Server Electronic Library / 4 Other reference material / 5 Where to find answers / 6 1 Configuring Your Server / 9 Configuring the system time and date / 10 Installing device drivers / 11 Choosing a printer / 12 Configuring your mo
iv 2 Configuring Your Network Connection / 19 About Open Transport / 20 About the default port / 20 Configuring your AppleTalk network connection / 21 Configuring your TCP/IP network connection / 24 Configuring via a server / 25 Configuring via a MacIP server / 25 Configuring via a BootP, DHCP, or RARP server / 27 Configuring TCP/IP manually / 28 Turning networking on and off / 32 User modes / 33 AppleTalk control panel user modes / 33 TCP/IP control panel user modes / 35 Setting a password / 37 Getting in
v Setting up your server to restart programs automatically / 53 Setting up your server to run programs at shutdown / 54 Additional capabilities for your server system / 55 Working with several programs at a time / 56 Finding out which programs are open / 56 Switching programs / 56 Hiding and showing windows on the desktop / 56 4 Managing Hard Disks / 57 Backing up your files / 58 Using Apple RAID Software / 58 Mounting volumes / 58 Starting up from a CD-ROM disc / 59 Initializing a hard disk / 60 When do
vi 6 Using a DAT Drive and Tape Cassettes / 77 Compatible tapes / 78 Tapes supplied with the server / 78 Starting up the tape drive / 78 Inserting tape cassettes / 79 Status lights / 80 The caution signal / 81 Removing tape cassettes / 81 Forcing the ejection of a tape cassette / 81 Locking a cassette / 82 Avoiding high humidity / 82 Cleaning the tape-drive heads / 83 7 Troubleshooting / 85 When you run into trouble / 86 Start over / 87 Rebuild your desktop / 88 Solving typical problems / 90 Solving CD-RO
vii Appendix A Getting Help / 117 Learning the basics / 118 Reviewing the basics / 120 Menus / 121 Icons / 121 Windows / 122 Getting answers in Macintosh Guide / 122 Getting answers with the Topics button / 125 Getting answers with the Index button / 126 Getting answers with the Look For button / 128 Tips for using Macintosh Guide / 130 Identifying objects on the screen / 131 Learning useful shortcuts / 132 Appendix B Special Keys on Your Keyboard / 135 Typing special characters and symbols / 137 Specia
