PowerBook Getting Started Setup and important health-related information for the PowerBook 520, 520c, 540, and 540c computers
K Apple Computer, Inc. © 1994 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Contents Communications regulation information vii 1 Setting Up Your PowerBook 1 Step 1 Plug the power adapter into a grounded outlet Step 2 Plug the power adapter cable into the computer Step 3 Open the display 4 5 Turning the PowerBook off 6 Putting the PowerBook to sleep 6 Restarting a computer that’s already on 2 Learning to Use Your Computer 7 9 Part 1: Starting the Macintosh Basics tour Part 2: Practicing your new skills Answers to the review questions Practice session 2 3 Step 4 Turn
3 Basic Skills 33 Working with icons 34 Working with windows 36 Working with documents Working with disks 38 40 Organizing your desktop Working with menus 41 42 Keyboard shortcuts in the Finder and in directory dialog boxes Special keys on the PowerBook 520, 520c, 540, and 540c keyboard 4 Health, Safety and Maintenance Tips Important care and safety instructions Caring for batteries 45 45 47 Health-related information about computer use 5 The Control Strip 48 53 What is the Control Strip?
7 Customizing and Traveling with Your PowerBook Customizing your PowerBook 75 Traveling with the PowerBook 85 Storing the PowerBook Service and support 86 86 8 Using SCSI Devices Installing software 87 88 Setting SCSI ID numbers 88 Checking that the SCSI chain is properly terminated Connecting cables 75 90 91 Using your PowerBook as a SCSI disk Quitting SCSI disk mode 93 96 9 Using an External Monitor 97 Connecting an external monitor 98 Activating the external monitor 100 Displaying
11 Using Your PowerBook With Ethernet 111 Connecting your PowerBook to Ethernet 111 Connecting your PowerBook between two devices on an Ethernet network 112 Connecting your PowerBook to the end of an Ethernet network Connecting directly to your printer with Ethernet 12 Tips and Troubleshooting The PowerBook Power 116 118 The screen Memory 119 121 SCSI devices 121 External monitors Disk drives and disks Modems Printers Networks 115 122 122 125 125 127 Application programs 128 Appendix A Ins
Communications regulation information FCC statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. See instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected. Radio and television interference The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy.
DOC statement DOC Class B Compliance This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard entitled “Digital Apparatus,” ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.
Follow the steps in this chapter to set up your PowerBook and to learn about turning your computer on and off. 1 Setting Up Your PowerBook To set up your computer for the first time, you need the power adapter and the power cord that came with your PowerBook. Step 1 Plug the power adapter into a grounded outlet Plugging in the power adapter recharges the computer’s batteries. You should plug in the power adapter in case the battery has drained during shipping or storage.
WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your PowerBook is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug! Step 2 Plug the power adapter cable into the computer.
Step 3 Open the display m Press the latch and lift up the display. Press the latch to release the lid. Power On key Floppy disk drive Position the display at a comfortable viewing angle. You can adjust the angle of the display at any time by tilting it towards or away from you.
Step 4 Turn on the computer m Press the Power On key (marked with the icon I) at the upper right of the keyboard to turn the computer on. Power On key I You should hear a tone when you turn on the computer. It takes the computer a moment to start up. When you see something like this on your screen, the computer is ready to use: Note: Your screen should look very similar to this picture but it might not look exactly the same.
Problems turning on your computer? m The computer made a sound, but you can’t see anything on the screen. Use the brightness control (marked with the icon ¤) and contrast control (O) until an image appears and the screen is easy to read. m Nothing happened when you pressed the Power On key (marked with the icon I) . Make sure the power adapter is firmly connected to both the computer and a power source.
Turning the PowerBook off When the PowerBook is off, the computer is not using any power or doing any work. The terms shut down and off both refer to this state. m If the computer is on, choose Shut Down from the Special menu. m If the computer is in sleep, wake it by pressing any key on the keyboard (except Caps Lock), and then choose Shut Down.
Automatic sleep If you don’t use the computer for several minutes, it goes to sleep automatically (unless you change the sleep preferences). This conserves battery power. To wake the computer, press any key on the keyboard (except Caps Lock). The screen will reappear as it was before the computer went to sleep. For more information on sleep and automatic sleep, see Chapter 6.
Microphone O Contrast control ¤ Brightness control Power On key Floppy disk drive Trackpad Battery Trackpad button Sleep indicator Modem port (optional) Security slot Elevation feet g SCSI port (HDI-30) ™ Video port ¯ Power adapter port V Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port ≈ Sound input port G Ethernet port [ / W Modem/Printer port - Sound output port
Go through the exercises in this chapter to learn how to use your computer and the computer’s trackpad. 2 Learning to Use Your Computer Your computer comes with a tutorial that teaches you the basics. The tutorial is divided into two parts: m Part 1 You start the Macintosh Basics tour on your computer, which presents the basic skills you need to master. m Part 2 After you complete the Macintosh Basics tour, you return to this chapter to practice what you learned. You also learn some additional skills.
Part 1 Starting the Macintosh Basics tour Your Macintosh Basics tour is on the hard disk that’s inside your computer. To take the tour, follow these steps: Make sure your computer is turned on. If the screen is dark, try adjusting the screen (see “Problems Turning On Your Computer?” in Chapter 1) until you see words and small pictures on your screen. 1 Move your finger on the trackpad to move the arrow pointer around on the screen.
You use the trackpad to move the pointer on the screen in the same direction you move your finger over the pad. The trackpad is sensitive to not only the direction you move your finger, but also to how fast you move your finger. If you want the pointer to move a short distance across the screen, you move your finger slowly across the trackpad. The faster you move your finger across the pad, the farther the pointer moves on the screen.
2 Notice the Control Strip at the bottom of your screen. The Control Strip The Control Strip is the line of pictures at the lower left of your screen. You’ll learn more about the Control Strip in Chapter 5. 3 Move your finger on the trackpad so that the tip of the arrow is on the tab at the far end of the Control Strip. 4 Being careful not to move your finger on the trackpad, press the button once. The Control Strip closes and only the tab appears at the lower left of the screen.
5 Move your finger on the trackpad so that the tip of the arrow is on the picture labeled “Macintosh HD.” Make sure the tip of the arrow is over the picture, not over the words “Macintosh HD.” Move the arrow so that it is on top of this picture. 6 Being careful not to move your finger on the trackpad, press the button twice in quick succession. (This is called “double-clicking.”) Now your screen should look like the illustration following step 7.
7 Move your finger on the trackpad to place the tip of the arrow on the picture of the folder labeled “Macintosh Basics.” Move the arrow so that it is on top of this picture. 8 Being careful not to move your finger on the trackpad, press the button twice in quick succession.
9 Move your finger on the trackpad so that the arrow is on the picture of the man labeled “Macintosh Basics.” Move the arrow so that it is on top of this picture. 10 Press the trackpad button twice in quick succession. Now your screen should look like the following picture: If you don’t see this screen, try again, paying special attention to the following: m Make sure the tip of the arrow is touching the picture, not the words beneath it. m Be sure to press the trackpad button twice.
Part 2 Practicing your new skills You should now have completed the Macintosh Basics tour. The second part of your training gives you an opportunity to think about what you’ve learned so far and to practice your new skills. Reviewing what you’ve learned Before continuing, take a few moments to answer these questions. They will help you summarize the information you learned in Macintosh Basics. You may want to write (or circle) your answers as appropriate.
Question: What are pictures on the Macintosh desktop called? Two examples are shown below. Answer:____________________________________________ What is the name for these pictures on the Macintosh desktop? Circle the hard disk window in the illustration below.
Circle the hard disk icon in the illustration below. Question: Circle the active window on the desktop below.
Question: Which menu is the Save command in? Answer:____________________________________________ Question: How do you throw an item away? Answer:____________________________________________ Label the parts of this window. A. B. C. D. E.
Answers to the review questions These are the answers to the summary that you completed earlier. Question: What is the area called where you do all your work? Answer: the desktop Question: What are pictures called on the Macintosh desktop? Answer: icons Circle the hard disk window in the illustration below. Circle the hard disk icon in the illustration below.
Question: Circle the active window shown on the desktop below. How do you make a window active? Answer: by clicking anywhere inside of it Question: Which menu is the Save command in? Answer: the File menu Question: How do you throw an item away? Answer: by dragging it to the Trash and choosing Empty Trash from the Special menu Label the parts of this window. A. The close box B. The title bar C. A scroll arrow D. The scroll bar E.
Practice session Now you can practice what you learned in Macintosh Basics. You’ll be practicing your skills using real programs that came with your computer, rather than the sample ones in Macintosh Basics. IMPORTANT If you get lost at any point during the practice session, or if something unexpected happens, please turn to “Clues on Your Screen” in this chapter. These tips will help you get back on track.
2 Use the keyboard to type a few lines of text into the blank document. Type text in the blank document. It doesn’t matter what you type. If you make an error, press the Delete key to backspace over the incorrect letters, then retype. 3 Choose the Save command from the File menu to save your new document. When you save a document, you are storing it on the hard disk. You need to save every document you create. If you don’t save it, the document is lost when you turn off the computer.
4 Don’t click anywhere. Just type the name “Practice File.” Then click the button labeled Save. Type the name of your document to replace “Untitled.” The name you type should replace the word “Untitled” in the box. If it doesn’t, place the pointer to the left of the U in “Untitled,” then press the trackpad button and drag across the word. When “Untitled” is highlighted (the text is surrounded with a black box), type the new name. Click Save to save your Practice File on the hard disk.
5 Choose Quit from the File menu to quit the SimpleText program. Choose Quit from the File menu to quit your program. The SimpleText program closes, along with your document. 6 Check for the file you saved in the hard disk window. You should see the icon for the document you saved in the hard disk window. If your Practice File icon doesn’t appear, it may be in a hidden part of the window. You can scroll through the window to find the icon if you need to. Here’s the new file you just created.
2: Storing your work inside a folder You can organize your work on the Macintosh by creating folders and storing your documents inside of them. 1 Choose New Folder from the File menu. A folder icon named “untitled folder” appears in the active window on the desktop. A new folder icon appears in the hard disk window. 2 Without clicking anywhere, type “My Work” to name the folder. Notice that the words “untitled folder” are highlighted and boxed. That means the name you type will replace these words.
3 Drag the Practice File into the folder named “My Work.” Move the pointer to the Practice File. Then press and hold down the button while you move the Practice File to the folder named “My Work.” When the tip of the pointer is on the folder icon and the folder becomes highlighted, release the button. Move the pointer to this icon. Then press and hold down the button while you move this icon to the folder named “My Work.” 4 Open the folder named “My Work.
3: Throwing an item away As you work, you will want to remove items you no longer need from the hard disk. You remove items by throwing them into the Trash. In this exercise, you will throw the Practice File into the Trash. 1 If the Macintosh HD window is not already open, open it by double-clicking the Macintosh HD icon. 2 If the folder named “My Work” is not already open, open it.
4 Open the Trash icon (by double-clicking it) to see your Practice File there. Your Practice File is in the Trash. 5 Open the Special menu and choose Empty Trash. A dialog box appears. The computer displays a dialog box when it asks you to confirm an action. You must click OK or another button in the dialog box before you can take any other action. 6 Click OK. The Trash is emptied and the Trash icon returns to normal.
What’s next? The best way to get experience working with your computer is to begin to do your own work. You may have already purchased application programs to work with. You’ll need to install these on your hard disk. Be sure to read the manuals that came with your application programs for information on how to install them. Clues on your screen As you work, check the screen frequently for these important clues about where you are.
Is the correct window active? Usually only the active window is affected when you type or use a menu. The active window has stripes in its title bar. To make a window active, click anywhere inside it. Is the icon or text you want to work with selected? Commands you choose in menus usually work only if an icon or some text is selected. Check the item you want to work with to make sure it’s highlighted (which means it’s selected).
Refer to this chapter for information on basic Macintosh skills.
Working with icons An icon is a picture that represents something else. This icon represents the hard disk. These icons represent folders, programs, and documents that are stored on the hard disk. This icon represents the Trash. Selecting icons 34 Chapter 3 To do this Follow these steps Select the icon Click the item. Deselect an icon Click anywhere except the selected icon. Select multiple icons While holding down the Shift key, click each icon.
Copying icons To do this Follow these steps Copy a file onto another disk Drag the icon of the file to the icon of the other disk or to an icon or window that belongs to that disk. Copy an icon on the same disk 1. Click the icon to select it. 2. Choose Duplicate from the File menu, or press x-D. 3. If you wish, rename the new icon and drag it to a new location. You can also make a copy by holding down the Option key while you drag the icon to another folder or window.
Removing items from the disk and retrieving them from the Trash To do this Follow these steps Erase or remove an item from a disk 1. Drag the icon to the Trash. 2. Choose Empty Trash from the Special menu. Retrieve an item from the Trash 1. Open the Trash icon. 2. Drag the icon out of the Trash (and into the disk or folder window where you want to store it). Or, choose Put Away from the File menu to return the icon to its original place on a disk.
Viewing the contents of a window To do this Follow these steps View the contents of a window by name, date, size, or kind 1. Pull down the View menu. 2. Choose the menu item that corresponds to the way you want to view the contents of the window. View the contents of the window in outline form 1. Choose any list view from the View menu (any view except the icon and small icon views). 2. Click the triangle next to a folder name to display or hide the contents of the folder.
Working with documents Opening and closing a document To do this Follow these steps Open a document 1. Click the icon for the document. 2. Choose the Open command from the File menu. Or double-click (click twice rapidly) on the icon for the file. Close a document Choose Close from the File menu. Or click the close box of the document window. Opening a document from within a program To do this Follow these steps Open a document when you are working in an open program 1.
Saving and naming documents To do this Follow these steps Save and name a document for the first time 1. Choose the Save command from the File menu. 2. Type a name for the document. 3. Click the Save button. Save the document under another name (Save as) 1. Choose the Save As command from the File menu. 2. Type a new name for the document. 3. Click the Save button. Choosing a folder when saving a document To do this Follow these steps Save a document while working in a program 1.
Working with disks Preparing a new floppy disk for use See “Using Disks” in the Macintosh Reference book. Ejecting a floppy disk To do this Follow these steps Eject a floppy disk Drag the disk’s icon to the Trash. Copying the contents of a disk 40 Chapter 3 To do this Follow these steps Copy the entire contents of one floppy disk onto another floppy disk (with one disk drive) 1. Insert the original floppy disk into the floppy disk drive. 2. Drag the floppy disk icon to the hard disk icon.
Erasing the contents of a disk To do this Follow these steps Erase the entire contents of a floppy disk 1. 2. 3. 4. Insert the disk you want to erase into a disk drive. Click the icon of the disk you want to erase. Choose Erase Disk from the Special menu. Respond to the messages on your screen by clicking the appropriate buttons. Organizing your desktop Creating a new folder To do this Follow these steps Create a new folder 1. Choose New Folder from the File menu. 2. Type a name for the folder. 3.
Working with menus To choose an item from a menu: 1 Point to the menu. 2 Press and hold to pull down the menu. 3 Drag to the item you want to choose. 4 Release the button when the command is highlighted. Dimmed commands are not available. This is the Help menu, which you use to display information about items on the screen. This is the Application menu, which you use to see which programs are open.
Special keys on the PowerBook 520, 520c, 540, and 540c keyboard Escape key esc F1 F2 F3 F4 ~ ! 1 @ # 3 $ 4 ' Tab key tab Caps lock key caps lock Delete key Power on key Function keys 2 Q W A S R D X F6 % 5 E Z shift F5 C V U H B K { [ P : ; L < > , I F12 + = O M F11 ) 0 I J N F10 ( 9 * 8 Y G F9 F8 & 7 6 T F F7 .
Refer to this chapter for important health-related information and safety tips 4 Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips Important care and safety instructions For your own safety and that of your equipment, read and follow all the instructions in this section. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others. Warning m Electrical equipment may be hazardous if misused. Operation of this product, or similar products, must always be supervised by an adult.
m Do not short-circuit the battery terminals (that is, do not allow a metal object such as a paper clip or key chain to touch the terminals). Doing so may cause an explosion or a fire. Caution m If you have a problem with your computer and nothing in the computer manuals solves the problem, take the computer to your Apple-authorized dealer or service provider. Attempting to repair the computer yourself may void the limited warranty. m Do not move the computer when you can hear its hard disk spinning.
Important m Use the computer only in environments where the temperature range is between 50°F/10°C and 104°F/40°C. m Do not expose the computer to very low (less than –13°F/–25°C) or very high (more than 140°F/60°C) temperatures. m If the computer has been in a cold place for several hours, let it warm up to room temperature before you use it. m Clean the computer’s outside surfaces with a damp (not wet) cloth. Clean the screen with soft, lint-free paper or cloth and a mild glass cleaner.
Health-related information about computer use Muscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimes associated with using computers can occur from performing any number of activities. In fact, misuse of the same muscles during multiple activities can create a problem that might not otherwise exist.
RSIs did not suddenly arise when computers were invented; tennis elbow and writer’s cramp, for example, are two RSIs that have been with us for a long time. Although less common than other RSIs, one serious RSI discussed more often today is a wrist problem called carpal tunnel syndrome, which may be aggravated by improper use of computer keyboards. This nerve disorder results from excessive pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the wrist to the hand.
Arranging your work area and equipment The suggestions in this section can help you work more comfortably with your computer. Chair m An adjustable chair that provides firm, comfortable support is best. Adjust the height of the chair so your thighs are horizontal and your feet flat on the floor. The back of the chair should support your lower back (lumbar region). Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting the backrest to fit your body properly.
This Not this Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified health specialist. m Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue. m If you prefer, you can adjust the angle of the keyboard by lowering the legs until they snap into position. The back of the keyboard is slightly elevated when the legs are in use.
External monitor If you use an external monitor, this suggestion may be helpful. m If possible, arrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below your eye level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. The best distance from your eyes to the screen is up to you, although most people seem to prefer 18 to 28 inches (45 to 70 cm). Avoiding fatigue m Change your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue.
This chapter describes working with the Control Strip, the line of modules at the bottom of your screen. 5 The Control Strip What is the Control Strip? When you first turn on your PowerBook, a line of small pictures appears in the lower left of the screen. This is called the Control Strip. Each picture in the Control Strip is called a module. The Control Strip is a quick and easy way to monitor and update your PowerBook’s power management options.
How does the Control Strip differ from control panels? Many features in the Control Strip work the same way as control panels. For the most part, however, control panels offer more options. The Control Strip gives you an easy way to access the features you use most often. You can still use the control panels anytime to fine-tune your settings. Closing, opening, and resizing the Control Strip Closing the Control Strip The Control Strip appears on the desktop until you close it.
Resizing the Control Strip You can shorten or lengthen the Control Strip to display fewer or more modules. m Click and drag the tab. The Control Strip shortens or lengthens as you drag the tab. If you shorten the Control Strip and can no longer see all the modules, use the scroll arrows. Hiding the Control Strip If you want to hide the Control Strip so it does not appear at all on the desktop: 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu, and open the Control Strip control panel.
Moving the Control Strip You can drag the Control Strip to the right or left edge of your PowerBook’s screen or any monitor your PowerBook is connected to. To reposition the Control Strip: 1 Hold down the Option key and drag the Control Strip by its tab. An outline of the Control Strip shows where the Control Strip will move to. 2 Release the Option key and trackpad button. The Control Strip appears in its new position, and remains there until you move it again.
The Battery Monitor has four parts: m battery icon for each battery m battery charge level for each battery m total battery consumption rate m total estimated work time remaining A battery icon appears for each battery you use. The charge level and battery icon for the left battery are displayed on the left. The charge level and battery icon for the right battery are displayed on the right. The estimated work time remaining is displayed here when the batteries are powering the computer.
Customizing the Battery Monitor module You can customize the Battery Monitor module to display only the features you want. Follow these steps: 1 Click the Battery Monitor module in the Control Strip. The following pop-up menu appears. 2 Choose the feature you want to hide or show. You cannot hide the battery icons. Changing the battery conservation settings You can control your computer’s power consumption using the power conservation settings in the Power Settings module.
Spinning down the hard disk The hard disk is one of the main consumers of battery power. To extend work time while you are using your battery, it is a good idea to turn off the hard disk when you are not using it. This is called “spinning down” the hard disk. To spin down the hard disk: 1 Click the HD Spin Down module in the Control Strip. A pop-up menu appears. 2 Choose Spin Down Internal Hard Disk. The icon shows that the hard disk is off.
Your PowerBook goes to sleep. To wake the computer from sleep, press any key on the keyboard. There are three other ways you put your PowerBook to sleep: m close the computer’s display m choose the Sleep command from the Special menu in the Finder m hold down the x (Command) and Shift keys while you press and release the zero (0) key. For more information on sleep, see Chapters 1 and 6.
Changing the sound settings Your computer’s sound volume can be changed from the Control Strip: 1 Click the Sound Volume module in the Control Strip. A pop-up menu appears: 2 Choose the volume setting you want from the pop-up menu. For more information on sound, see the Macintosh Reference book. Turning an AppleTalk connection on and off The icon for the AppleTalk Switch module shows if AppleTalk is on or off. AppleTalk is off. AppleTalk is on. Turning AppleTalk off can save you battery power.
2 Choose the feature you want from the pop-up menu. For more information on AppleTalk and working on a network, see the Macintosh Reference book. Using video mirroring If your PowerBook is connected to an external monitor you can display the same image on the internal display and an external monitor. This feature is called “video mirroring.” When an external monitor is connected to your PowerBook, the Video Mirroring module appears in the Control Strip.
Read this chapter to learn how you can maximize your PowerBook’s battery life. 6 Power Management Power sources Your computer can draw its operating power from two different sources. m Main batteries Your computer includes one or two nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) batteries (depending on the model you have). Two batteries provide power for up to 8 hours of work time (depending on the battery conservation features you choose). Your PowerBook has space for two batteries.
Responding to low-power messages When the batteries run low, the computer displays a series of low-power messages. If you are using two batteries in your PowerBook, the low-power messages appear when both batteries are low. The work time remaining after you see the first message varies depending on how you are using the computer. It’s a good idea to act promptly.
IMPORTANT Recharge depleted batteries as soon as possible. Leaving depleted batteries in the computer for longer than 2 weeks (especially in a hot location, such as the trunk of a car) may damage the batteries so that they can’t be recharged. If this happens, you need to replace the batteries. Recharging the batteries To recharge the batteries in your computer, plug in the power adapter.
Recharging two fully depleted batteries takes about two hours with the computer shut down or in sleep, or about four hours if you are using the computer. While the computer is shut down and the power adapter is plugged in, you may remove charged batteries from the computer and replace them with batteries you want to charge. Check to see if a battery is fully charged by looking at the Battery Monitor module in the Control Strip.
4 Carefully pull the battery you want to change out of its compartment. Make sure you move the protective slider that covers the battery contacts so the battery contacts are not exposed when the battery is out of the computer. 5 If you are inserting another battery, slide it into the battery compartment. You cannot insert a battery when the protective slider is covering the battery contacts.
Maximizing the life of batteries m If your PowerBook has one battery If your PowerBook uses one battery, you can maximize the life of your battery by discharging and then recharging it completely once every 90 days. Just use the computer as you normally would, but ignore the lowpower messages that appear on the screen. (Make sure to save your work, however.) When the computer goes to sleep automatically after the final warning, recharge the battery completely before using it again.
m Keep screen dimming on in the PowerBook control panel. The lower settings dim your screen automatically if you haven’t used the computer for a few minutes. m Set the Battery Conservation slider in the PowerBook control panel to Better Conservation. The rest of this section describes these settings in detail. m Keep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel. m If your computer has 8 MB of memory or more, you can use a RAM disk as your startup disk to minimize hard disk use.
2 Drag the slider to the setting you want. There are five settings. Better Performance allows you to work with the fewest interruptions. If you can’t plug in the computer, Better Conservation gives you the longest work time. 3 Close the PowerBook control panel. If you don’t use the computer for several minutes (how many depends on which setting you choose), it goes to sleep without any action on your part.
More about automatic sleep The Battery Conservation slider controls three power conservation features: system sleep, screen dimming, and hard disk spin-down. m System sleep is a state in which your computer uses only the power it needs to maintain the contents of RAM (such as any open programs and documents, and various control panel settings). You’ll see a green light flashing at the top of the display when the PowerBook is in sleep.
Choosing Custom options For more options that affect your computer’s power consumption, hold down the Option key while you click Custom in the PowerBook control panel. Click Custom. This section… …and this section of the control panel appear whenever you click Custom. This section of the control panel appears only when you hold down the Option key while clicking Custom.
3 Drag to choose the settings you want. The battery conservation slider reflects the changes you make. 4 Close the PowerBook control panel. Processor cycling If the computer is not doing anything for a few seconds, it reduces the power consumption of its microprocessor. The microprocessor comes back up to speed instantaneously when you resume work. This feature is called processor cycling. Processor cycling conserves battery power. It is highly recommended that you work with processor cycling on.
Power conservation Your PowerBook keeps track of what power source you are using and can change the power conservation settings accordingly. To control automatic power conservation, follow these steps: 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu, and open the PowerBook control panel. (Or, use the Power Settings module in the Control Strip.) 2 Click the Custom button. 3 Click the Auto button. 4 Select a power source in the pop-up menu. 5 Drag the sliders to the settings you want.
Read this chapter for help using custom options on your PowerBook and for tips on traveling and storing your computer. 7 Customizing and Traveling With Your PowerBook Customizing your PowerBook There are several ways you can customize your PowerBook to make your day-to-day work easier: m Adjusting the trackpad You can adjust the trackpad and double-click speed in the Trackpad control panel.
Adjusting the trackpad You can change the trackpad settings so it works better with your touch. 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu and open the Trackpad control panel. 2 Click the tracking speed you want. Click a slower setting if you want the pointer to move more slowly than your finger on the trackpad. Click here if you want the pointer to move at a constant speed relative to the motion of your finger on the trackpad.
Automatically reconnecting to shared disks Your PowerBook disconnects from any shared disks it’s connected to when you turn it off or restart it, or when it is in sleep. By using the AutoRemounter, your PowerBook can reconnect to shared disks automatically when you turn it back on (or wake it from sleep). In addition, if you connect a hard disk to your PowerBook while it’s in sleep, the hard disk appears on the desktop when you wake it up.
Setting up a RAM Disk Using a RAM disk saves power because it avoids using the PowerBook’s hard disk while you are running the PowerBook from its battery. Any files that are copied to the RAM disk are saved in the System Folder on the hard disk when you shut down your PowerBook. The next time you start up your PowerBook, the files are copied back to the RAM disk automatically. This feature is called a persistent RAM disk.
The Memory control panel appears. 5 Click the On button under RAM Disk. 6 Drag the slider to set the percentage of memory to use for the RAM disk. Adjust the size to fit the contents of your RAM Disk Backup folder. Make sure you allocate enough RAM to fit the size of your folder, or you will have to repeat this step. 7 Close the Memory control panel and restart your PowerBook. A RAM Disk icon appears on your desktop. 8 Copy the contents of your RAM Disk Backup folder to your RAM disk.
If you have at least 8 MB of memory If your PowerBook has 8 MB of memory or more, you can set up a RAM disk that contains the files needed to start up your PowerBook. This provides maximum battery conservation. 1 Select the System Folder on your hard disk and choose Duplicate from the File menu This creates a folder called System Folder copy. 2 Remove any extra extensions, fonts, and control panels you don’t use.
The Memory control panel appears. 7 Click the On button under RAM Disk. 8 Drag the slider to set the percentage of memory to use for the RAM disk. Adjust the size to fit the contents of your RAM Disk Backup folder. Make sure you allocate enough RAM to fit the size of your folder, or you will have to repeat this step. 9 Close the Memory control panel and restart your computer. A RAM Disk icon appears on your desktop. 10 Copy the contents of your RAM Disk Backup folder to your RAM disk.
Using the RAM Disk 1 Start up the application programs and files on the RAM Disk while your PowerBook is plugged into the power adapter. Using the power adapter saves your battery. 2 Put your PowerBook to sleep. 3 Unplug the power adapter. Your documents will be loaded into RAM when your PowerBook comes out of Sleep. 82 Chapter 7 4 While you are running your PowerBook off the battery, try to avoid using any files that are not on the RAM Disk. 5 When you save new files, save them to the RAM Disk.
Improving pointer display You may notice that the pointer sometimes disappears from your PowerBook’s screen when you move the pointer quickly. You can set your trackpad (or external mouse) to have “tracks” so you can always see the pointer on the screen. You do this in the Mouse control panel. 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu and open the Mouse control panel. The following control panel appears: The settings in this section control the tracking speed of an external mouse.
Printing later If you use a PostScript laser printer (such as a Laserwriter Pro 600) on a network, you can set up documents to print the next time you connect to the network printer. 1 Choose Print in the application program you are using. Click Print in the dialog box. The following dialog box appears: 2 Click Print Later. The next time you connect to an AppleTalk network printer, this document is printed.
Traveling with the PowerBook The safety instructions in the first part of this book also apply when you are traveling. In addition, note these precautions: m Do not transport your PowerBook while it is turned on. Put your computer to sleep or shut it down before you move it. m Transport batteries either inside the computer or with the protective slider covering the battery contacts. Do not transport unprotected batteries. m Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you.
Storing the PowerBook 1 Save your work on a hard disk or floppy disks. 2 Choose Shut Down from the Special menu. 3 Close the display. 4 Recharge the battery or batteries. Be sure your batteries are fully charged if you are taking the computer places where you cannot plug it in. 5 Store the computer in a cool, dry place. Storage temperatures should remain between 10°C and 40°C (between 50°F and 104°F).
Refer to this chapter for information about connecting SCSI devices and using your PowerBook as a SCSI disk. 8 Using SCSI Devices A SCSI device is any product—including hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners, and printers—that communicates with your computer by means of a standard electronic interface. (SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface.) You can attach up to 6 SCSI devices to your computer by linking them together in a chain that starts at your computer’s SCSI port.
Connecting SCSI devices to your PowerBook involves these steps: m installing software m setting SCSI ID numbers m checking that the SCSI chain is properly terminated m connecting cables These steps are described in the following sections. Installing software Most SCSI devices come with software that allows your computer to communicate with them. These programs are called drivers. (If no drivers come with a device, then it doesn’t need any.
The ID numbers of Apple SCSI devices can be set as follows. 1 Make sure the SCSI device is turned off. If the device is already part of a SCSI chain, make sure that all devices in the chain are turned off, including the computer. 2 Locate the ID number indicator and switch (usually on the back panel of the SCSI device). ID number indicator 5 5 ID number switch 3 Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect.
Checking that the SCSI chain is properly terminated To ensure accurate transmission of information, a chain of SCSI devices must have a terminator at each end. Terminators are built into some SCSI devices and can also be added externally. SCSI terminator m Your PowerBook’s internal hard disk, which is the first device in the chain, has a built-in terminator. However, you should also add external terminators as described in these instructions.
Connecting cables WARNING When making SCSI connections, always turn off power to all devices in the chain, including your computer. If you don’t you could lose information and damage your equipment. 1 Shut down your PowerBook and all SCSI devices in the chain. 2 Connect an Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable to your computer. Attach the smaller end of the cable to your computer’s SCSI port (marked with the icon g). 3 If necessary, connect a terminator to the system cable.
6 Unless the last device has an internal terminator, connect a terminator to its remaining port. The illustration shows where to add cable terminators. Connecting one SCSI device Terminator HDI-30 cable If this SCSI device has an internal terminator, omit this external terminator. Connecting more than one SCSI device If this SCSI device has an internal terminator, omit this external terminator.
Using your PowerBook as a SCSI disk You can purchase a cable called the Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter which lets you connect your PowerBook to another computer as a hard disk. The PowerBook appears on the desktop of the other computer as a hard disk icon, and you can transfer information between the computers by dragging files. This feature is called SCSI disk mode. WARNING Follow the steps for connecting and disconnecting SCSI devices carefully to avoid loss of information and damage to your equipment.
6 Shut down the computer you are connecting to, and turn off other devices in the SCSI chain. 7 Connect the PowerBook to the other computer or, if there are already devices attached, to the end of the SCSI chain. Remove the terminator from the last device in an existing chain before connecting the PowerBook. WARNING Always shut down the PowerBook before connecting or disconnecting the SCSI disk adapter cable. Connecting the adapter cable while the computer is turned on can damage the computer.
Simplifying the SCSI disk connection process If you regularly plan to use your PowerBook as a SCSI disk with the same computer, you can leave the SCSI disk adapter cable attached to the other computer or its . When you want to use your PowerBook as a SCSI disk, simply shut down all devices and connect the adapter cable to the SCSI port on your PowerBook. These cables can stay attached to your desktop Macintosh or its SCSI chain. HDI-30 SCSI disk adapter Connect and disconnect your computer here.
Quitting SCSI disk mode 1 Shut down the computer your PowerBook is connected to. 2 Tap the Power On (I) key once to turn the PowerBook off. 3 Turn off any other SCSI devices in the chain. 4 Disconnect the PowerBook from the adapter cable. If you regularly plan to connect your PowerBook to the same computer, you can leave the adapter cable attached to the SCSI chain or the other computer.
Refer to this chapter if you want to use an external monitor in addition to the built-in PowerBook display. 9 Using an External Monitor Your PowerBook has a video port to which you can connect most Apple monitors. Contact your Apple-authorized dealer for information on which monitors are compatible with your PowerBook. To connect an external monitor, you need the PowerBook video adapter cable that comes with your computer. Your PowerBook also supports most VGA monitors.
Connecting an external monitor To connect a monitor, follow these steps. (If you are connecting a monitor from a manufacturer other than Apple, be sure to read its manual.) 1 Choose Shut Down or Sleep from the Special menu. If you connect a monitor with your computer turned on, the computer will not recognize the monitor. 2 Plug in the power adapter that came with your PowerBook. You must use the power adapter whenever you are using an external monitor. 3 Place the monitor where you will be using it.
5 Attach one end of the video cable to the monitor and tighten the thumbscrews. (Some monitors have an attached video cable.) 6 Attach the other end of the video cable to the PowerBook’s video adapter. Video port Video adapter Video cable 7 Attach the other end of the video adapter to the video port (™) on the computer’s back panel. Video port icon Video port 8 Turn on the external monitor. 9 Press the Power On key to turn on or wake your computer.
Trouble? m Nothing happened when you tried to turn on the PowerBook. Make sure that all your equipment is connected properly, and try pressing the Power On key again. Make sure that the power adapter is plugged into both the computer and an electrical outlet. If you are using a power strip, make sure it is turned on. m The computer is on, but the external monitor is dark. Make sure that the monitor’s power cord is connected, and that its power switch is on.
Displaying the menu bar on the external monitor To display the menu bar on the external monitor, follow these steps. 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu, and open the Monitors control panel. You’ll see two rectangles representing your two monitors. 2 Drag the menu bar from rectangle 2 (representing your PowerBook screen) to rectangle 1 (representing your external monitor). 3 Close the Monitors control panel. The menu bar appears on your external monitor.
Working with an external monitor This section summarizes how your computer and external monitor behave when you use them together. Sleep The PowerBook will not sleep when an external monitor is connected. If you are using an external monitor, it’s a good idea to leave processor cycling turned on. (You change processor cycling options in the PowerBook control panel. See Chapter 6 for help.
Using a monitor for presentations Once you have attached an external monitor to your PowerBook, you can use that monitor to show whatever is displayed on your built-in display. This “video mirroring” capability is useful when you’re making a presentation to a group. You turn video mirroring on or off in two places: m the Video Mirroring module in the Control Strip (See Chapter 5 for instructions on using the Control Strip.
Disconnecting an external monitor 1 Make sure your computer is shut down or in sleep. If you disconnect the monitor while your computer is on, the computer will turn itself off, and you will lose any information you did not save. 2 Disconnect the video adapter from the video port on the computer’s back panel. The video port is marked with this icon: ™ Press the small buttons on both sides of the connector to remove the video adapter from the port. Press here to remove.
Refer to this chapter when you want to expand your PowerBook system with additional devices or memory.
Connecting a modem If your computer has an internal modem, see the documentation that came with your modem for more information. You can also connect an external modem to the serial port on the back panel of the computer. To connect an external modem, follow these steps. 1 Make sure the computer is in sleep or shut down. 2 Connect the modem to a power source and to the phone line. See the documentation that came with the modem. 106 Chapter 10 3 Make sure the modem is turned off.
9 Close the control panel. The external modem is ready to use. If you have problems connecting to the external modem after following these steps, repeat steps 1 through 7 and then choose Compatible instead of Normal in the PowerBook Setup control panel. If you have both an internal and an external modem, remember to select the modem you want to use in the PowerBook Setup control panel before opening your telecommunications program.
Connecting a mouse or other ADB device Your computer has one Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port, to which you can connect low-power input devices (such as a mouse). The ADB port has this icon: √. Connect ADB devices only when your PowerBook is off or in sleep. Make sure that any such devices you connect are designed for portable computers. Standard ADB devices may drain your battery very quickly, even if the power adapter is plugged in. Low-power devices are marked with this icon: Á.
In addition to its internal microphone, your PowerBook has a stereo sound input port (marked with this icon: X) to which you can connect an external sound input device that provides line-level output. You cannot use both the internal microphone and an external sound input device at the same time. You can select a sound device in the Sound control panel (see the Macintosh Reference book). WARNING Do not plug a sound output device (such as a pair of headphones) into the sound input port.
Adding memory to your computer Your PowerBook computer comes with at least 4 MB of RAM. By adding memory upgrade cards you can increase your computer’s memory. You can find out how much memory your computer has by choosing About This Macintosh from the Apple (K) menu in the Finder. You can purchase memory upgrades from Apple-authorized dealers. WARNING To avoid damage to your PowerBook, Apple recommends that only an Apple-certified technician install additional RAM.
Read this chapter when you want to take advantage of your PowerBook’s built-in Ethernet capability. 11 Using Your PowerBook With Ethernet Connecting your PowerBook to Ethernet Ethernet networkYour PowerBook comes with a built-in Apple Ethernet port. You can connect to high-speed Ethernet networks to access a variety of networking services. To connect your PowerBook to an Ethernet network, you need an Ethernet adapter and cable. Several Ethernet adapters are shown below.
IMPORTANT You can connect your PowerBook to any standard Ethernet network. The built-in Ethernet supports EtherTalk Phase 2 (AppleTalk Phase 2 protocols for Ethernet networks). The built-in Ethernet does not support EtherTalk Phase 1 (AppleTalk Phase 1 protocols for Ethernet networks). You can also purchase products that allow you to communicate over Ethernet using other protocols, such as MacTCP.
2 Disconnect one Ethernet cable from the network device immediately to the left or right side of the PowerBook. 3 Plug an Ethernet cable into the socket you have just freed and into the PowerBook’s Ethernet adapter. 4 Plug the Ethernet cable you disconnected in step 2 into the remaining socket of the PowerBook’s adapter. 5 Turn on EtherTalk in the Network control panel. See the Macintosh Reference book for help using the Network control panel.
Connecting directly to your printer with Ethernet You can connect your PowerBook to any printer with an Ethernet port. 114 Chapter 11 1 Plug the cable on your Apple Ethernet adapter into the Ethernet port on the PowerBook. 2 Plug an Ethernet adapter into the Ethernet port on your printer. 3 Connect the two adapters with an Ethernet cable, as shown.
Refer to this chapter for solutions to some common problems. 12 Tips and Troubleshooting This chapter describes possible causes and solutions for some common problems you may have with your PowerBook or associated equipment provided by Apple. Try the possible solutions in the order they are listed until the problem is solved. Check the specific sections in this book and in the Macintosh Reference book for additional help.
The PowerBook The computer won’t start. m The computer may be on, but the screen brightness or contrast may be turned down. Adjust the brightness and contrast controls. m The battery or batteries may be drained. Plug in the power adapter, wait 15 minutes, and then try to turn on the computer. m There may be a temporary problem with the computer’s power system. Hold down the Control, Option, x (Command), and Power On (I) keys at the same time, and then try to turn the computer on again.
m If you still can’t restart, try restarting from a floppy disk. 1. Insert the Disk Tools disk into the floppy disk drive. 2. Press the Power On (I) key. If the computer restarts from a floppy disk, there is probably a problem with your hard disk. You may be able to fix the problem yourself (using the Disk First Aid program or another disk repair program; see the Macintosh Reference book for help). Or you may prefer to take the computer to your Apple-authorized service provider. The computer is very hot.
m You may have a virus on your hard disk. Use a virus-detection program to check all your disks, and eliminate any viruses the program finds. m You may be using a program that’s not compatible with your computer’s system software. Check the information that came with the program or contact the manufacturer. m You may have added a control panel or system extension that is incompatible with other programs you use.
The battery can’t be recharged. m There may be a loose connection. Take the battery out and put it back in the computer, and make sure the power adapter is properly plugged in. m If all connections are OK, then the battery is probably damaged or dead. Obtain a replacement battery from your Apple-authorized dealer. The computer goes to sleep too often.
m The screen dims automatically when the batteries start to run low. You may need to recharge or replace the batteries before you can turn up the brightness. m Screen dimming may be on. Press any key or touch the trackpad to restore the screen’s brightness. The screen is flickering. m This problem sometimes occurs when your screen is set to display the maximum number of colors or grays. Try adjusting the contrast control, or select fewer colors or grays in the Monitors control panel.
Memory A “not enough memory” message appears when you try to open a program. m Quit any programs you aren’t using, then try again to open the program you want. If that doesn’t work, restart the computer. Sometimes restarting makes additional memory available. m If you are using a RAM disk or a disk cache, reduce its size and then restart the computer. m Use extra space on your hard disk as virtual memory to increase the amount of memory available for opening programs.
m The software (driver) needed to communicate with the device may not be installed in your System Folder. See the instructions that came with the device. m Two or more devices in the SCSI chain may have the same ID number. Check the ID number of each device to make sure each one has its own number between 1 and 6, and change any numbers that are not unique. See Chapter 8 for help using SCSI devices. External monitors The external monitor is dark. m Screen dimming may be on.
m Start up the computer with the Disk Tools disk. If the hard disk’s icon appears, reinstall system software as described in Appendix A. Disk repair programs can also sometimes fix problems with the hard disk. m Restart the computer, holding the Shift key down, until you see the message “Extensions off.” If this solves the problem, drag any control panels or extensions you recently installed to the Trash. m The information on the disk drive may be damaged.
A high-density (1.4 MB) disk you use with your PowerBook computer is not recognized by another computer. m Some disk drives cannot recognize high-density disks. Try inserting an 800K or 400K disk in the disk drive of the other Macintosh. If that works, copy your files to an 800K disk or a 400K disk. If you regularly plan to use floppy disk drives of different types, use the lower-capacity disks in all drives. You can’t eject a disk from a floppy disk drive.
You can’t save or copy files onto a floppy disk. m The disk may be locked. Unlock it by sliding the tab so that it covers the hole at the corner of the disk. m The disk may be full. Delete files you no longer need or use a different disk. See the Macintosh Reference book for more information about working with disk drives and disks. Modems The external modem doesn’t work. m The modem may be turned off or improperly connected. Make sure it is turned on and that all connections are correct.
Your printer does not appear in the Chooser window. m The printer may not be connected properly. Check the connections between your computer and the printer, including relevant sections of the network if appropriate. m The printer software may not be in your System Folder. Install the software that came with your printer or system software update. m AppleTalk must be active before you can use a network printer. Make sure that AppleTalk is active in the Chooser.
Networks You can’t find or can’t open icons needed to set up file sharing. m One or more files may be in the wrong place. Make sure that the Sharing Setup file is in the Control Panels folder, and that the File Sharing Extension file, the Network Extension file, and the AppleShare file are in the Extensions folder. (Both folders are inside the System Folder.) m Some network software may not be installed properly. Use the Installer to install the appropriate network software.
Application programs A program won’t open. m Some programs can’t be opened from a locked floppy disk. Make sure the disk is unlocked. m The program may be damaged. Recopy it from a known good source (such as the original program disk). m There may not be enough memory available to open the program. Quit other programs or change the program’s memory size in its Get Info window. Restart the computer, holding the Shift key down, until you see the message “Extensions off.
Refer to this appendix when you need to install or reinstall the system software on your PowerBook. Appendix A Installing System Software System software is the set of programs and other files that your computer uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs you use. When you turn on your computer, it looks for a disk that contains the system software. System software is always in a folder called the System Folder.
Before you begin You use the Installer program (which is found on the Install Me First disk) to install, reinstall, or update system software on a startup disk. When you use the Installer, you keep any special files you have installed in your System Folder. IMPORTANT Before you install a new version of system software, make a backup copy of your current System Folder on another disk in case you need it later (to use a program that is incompatible with the new system software, for example).
4 Double-click the Disk First Aid icon. Follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First Aid checks your hard drive for any problems. 5 When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard drive, choose Quit from the File menu. 6 Shut down your computer. 7 Insert the Install Me First disk into the floppy disk drive. 8 Turn on your computer. The Installer program opens automatically.
9 Click OK. The Easy Install dialog box appears. Parts of system software to be installed Click to install the software you need. Disk on which system software will be installed Click to install on a different disk. Click to install customized software. 10 Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install system software. If it isn’t, click the Switch Disk button until the correct disk name appears. 11 Click Install.
Reinstalling system software If your system software is damaged, you need to reinstall system software. These steps outline what is commonly called a “clean” installation of system software. 1 Shut down your computer. 2 Insert the Disk Tools disk into the floppy disk drive. 3 Turn on your computer. 4 Double-click the Disk First Aid icon. Follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First Aid checks your hard drive for any problems. 5 When you are finished, choose Quit from the File Menu.
10 Check to make sure that at least 5 MB of space is available on the hard disk where you want to reinstall the system software. Open your hard disk and choose By Icon from the View menu. The amount of space available on the hard disk appears in the upper-right corner of the window. If there is less than 5 MB of disk space available, delete unnecessary files until you have at least 5 MB of disk space available. 11 Create a new folder named “Old Finder.
18 Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install system software. If it isn’t, click the Switch Disk button until the correct disk name appears. 19 Click Install. 20 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen. 21 When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Restart. If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again. (Follow the instructions on the screen.
4 Click OK. The Easy Install dialog box appears. 5 Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install system software. If it isn’t, click the Switch Disk button until the correct disk name appears. 6 Click the Customize button. The custom installation dialog box appears. All available components of the system software are listed. 7 Scroll through the list of items and hold down the Shift key as you click the items you want to install.
Refer to this appendix when you want to use the PowerBook File Assistant that came with your computer to synchronize files. Appendix B Using the PowerBook File Assistant The PowerBook File Assistant is software that synchronizes files on your PowerBook and desktop Macintosh by automatically updating files whenever you make changes. With File Assistant, you can always be sure that the file you are working on is the current version.
Starting the PowerBook File Assistant Once you have installed the PowerBook File Assistant, you are ready to decide which files you want to synchronize. m Double-click the PowerBook File Assistant icon. The File Assistant Setup window appears: Linking files or folders for synchronization Before you can synchronize files or folders, you need to link them.
To link files or folders, follow these steps: 1 Drag an icon of the folder or file you want to link to a selection box in the File Assistant Setup window. The item selection box is this area on either side of the arrow Drag the icon of the file you want to synchronize to the item selection box. 2 Drag the matching icon to the other selection box. Once you have two matching files or folders in the Setup window, you have a linked pair. Another pair of selection boxes appears.
Setting the direction of the link Notice the arrow between the two linked files; this is how you can tell the direction in which the files are linked. Normally the PowerBook File Assistant synchronizes files in both directions, but you can set the direction to be one way, from either left to right or right to left. A one-way link is helpful if you want to receive updated versions of a document from a file server on a network. 1 Click the pair of linked files you want to synchronize one way to highlight it.
Linking non-matching folders PowerBook File Assistant lets you synchronize folders that have different names and contain different files. 1 Choose Preferences from the File Menu. The following dialog box appears: Click here to be able to link folders with different names. 2 Click the checkbox to allow non-matching folder names. 3 Click OK. Now you can link folders that have different names and contents.
Deleting a linked pair If you don’t want to synchronize a linked pair anymore, you can delete the linked pair from the Setup window. 1 Click the pair you want to delete to select it. To select more than one pair, hold down the Shift key and click other pairs. To select all pairs, choose Select All from the Edit menu. 2 Choose Delete Pairs from the Edit menu. The pairs you selected are deleted from the Setup window.
Synchronizing linked folders or files To synchronize files or folders you linked in the Setup window, you must do two things: m Connect the disks containing the files you are synchronizing. m Open the PowerBook File Assistant. Now you are ready to synchronize the linked files or folders. Any time you make a change to either item, the same change is made to the linked item. If an item is deleted, you’ll be asked to confirm that you want to delete the corresponding file or folder.
Manual synchronization When you choose manual synchronization, you decide when you want to update a linked pair. 1 Select a pair, then choose Manual from the Synchronize menu. 2 Click the arrow in the File Assistant Setup window. Click the arrow to synchronize the pair. A message appears telling you that the files are being updated. You can also manually update files that are linked by selecting the pair and then choosing Synchronize Now from the Synchronize menu.
Understanding the alert messages As you synchronize linked pairs, the PowerBook File Assistant displays alert messages about the synchronization. You can turn off the alert messages by following these steps: 1 Choose Preferences from the File menu. A dialog box appears. 2 Click the “Warn when can’t synchronize” checkbox to deselect it. The messages do not appear.
Setting completely automatic synchronization The PowerBook File Assistant needs to be running in order to synchronize your files. To set up your system to automatically synchronize linked files: 1 Select the pair and then choose Automatic from the Synchronize menu. 2 Use the AutoRemounter control panel to reconnect to shared disks. See Chapter 7 for instructions on automatically reconnecting (“remounting”) to shared disks.
Refer to this appendix for information on using the Macintosh PC Exchange program that came with your computer. Appendix C Exchanging Files With DOS or Windows Macintosh PC Exchange is software included with your computer that lets you easily exchange documents between your Macintosh and a DOS or Windows computer. You can use Macintosh PC Exchange to create floppy disks compatible with DOS computers.
Using DOS-format disks on your Macintosh The format of a disk refers to the way the computer prepares the disk to receive information. Macintosh computers and DOS computers use different disk formats, but with Macintosh PC Exchange installed in your Macintosh system, your Macintosh can read disks of either format. To use a DOS-format disk on your Macintosh, simply insert the disk into your computer’s floppy disk drive. The disk’s icon appears on the desktop.
Creating a blank DOS-format disk When you erase or initialize a disk on the Macintosh, you can choose its format—either Macintosh or DOS. WARNING Before you erase or initialize a disk, be sure that the disk contains no information you want to save. To create a blank DOS-format disk on your Macintosh, follow these steps: 1 Insert a floppy disk. m If the disk has not been initialized, a dialog box appears in which you can specify the disk’s name and format.
A dialog box appears in which you can specify the disk’s name and format. 2 Type a name for the disk. 3 Choose the disk format you want from the Format pop-up menu. The list of available formats varies depending on your disk drive and the capacity of the disk. Choose DOS if you plan to use the disk on both Macintosh and DOS computers. 4 Click Erase (or Initialize). If you’re initializing a disk, an alert box appears. Click the Continue button. The Macintosh prepares the disk in the format you chose.
Opening DOS documents on your Macintosh Opening a document from within a Macintosh program The surest way to open a DOS document on the Macintosh is to use the Open command from within an application program. 1 Open the program you want to use. 2 Choose Open from the File menu. A directory dialog box appears. Many programs have buttons or pop-up menus that let you open or import documents of a particular file format. 3 Select the document you want, and click Open.
Assigning Macintosh programs to DOS documents Using the PC Exchange control panel, you can assign Macintosh application programs to DOS documents. For example, you can specify that all DOS documents whose filenames end with the suffix .XLS are to be opened in the Macintosh program Microsoft Excel. The figure below shows the PC Exchange control panel with some assignments already created.
Before you can assign a Macintosh program to a group of DOS documents, there are three questions you need to answer: m What suffix do the documents have in common? Many DOS programs automatically add a three-letter suffix (or filename extension) to a document’s name. For example, these PageMaker documents all share the suffix .PM4: NEWS.PM4 REPORT.PM4 RESUME.
Recommended assignments for some widely used application programs The information in this section will help you assign documents from some widely used DOS/Windows programs to some widely used Macintosh programs. (For more information, see the documentation for your application programs.) AMI Pro (Windows), version 2.0 Documents in AMI Pro (Windows) version 2.0 are automatically saved with the suffix .SAM.
Microsoft Excel (Windows), version 3.0 Documents in Microsoft Excel (Windows) version 3.0 are automatically saved with the suffix .XLS. To open these Microsoft Excel documents on the Macintosh, add one of the following assignments to the PC Exchange control panel: DOS Suffix Macintosh application Document type .XLS Lotus 1-2-3 (version 1.0) TEXT .XLS Microsoft Excel (version 3.0) TEXT Microsoft Word (Windows), version 2.0 Documents in Microsoft Word (Windows) version 2.
Quattro (DOS), version 3.0 When saving documents in Quattro (DOS) version 3.0, be sure to save them with the suffix .WK1 (rather than the default suffix, .WQ1). Quattro saves documents ending in .WK1 in the Lotus 1-2-3 file format, which can be interpreted by many Macintosh spreadsheet programs. To open these Quattro documents on the Macintosh, add one of the following assignments to the PC Exchange control panel: DOS Suffix Macintosh application Document type .WK1 Claris Resolve™ (version 3.0) TEXT .
Adding an assignment to the PC Exchange control panel To add an assignment, follow these steps: 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu. The Control Panels window opens. 2 Open the PC Exchange control panel. Double-click the PC Exchange icon, or select the icon and choose Open from the File menu. The PC Exchange control panel appears.
3 Click the Add button. A dialog box appears in which you can specify a DOS suffix and its corresponding Macintosh application program and document type. 4 Type a three-letter DOS suffix in the DOS Suffix box. To specify which Macintosh program will open DOS documents with no suffix, click inside the box to set the insertion point, but leave it blank.
5 Select a Macintosh application program from the lower section of the dialog box. 6 Choose a document type from the Document Type pop-up menu. Document types are indicated by icons and four-letter codes whose meanings are seldom obvious. For help choosing the correct document type, see the information in the previous section, “Recommended Assignments for Some Widely Used Application Programs.” If you don’t know which document type to choose, try TEXT.
Trying out an assignment To try out an assignment you’ve added to the PC Exchange control panel, follow these steps: 1 Insert a DOS-format floppy disk and open its icon. PC Exchange assignments take effect when you insert a floppy disk, or when you open a DOS-format floppy disk. (If the disk window was already open, you need to close it and open it again.) 2 Double-click the icon of a DOS document whose filename ends with the suffix you specified.
Sharing assignment lists with other users The list of assignments is stored in the PC Exchange Preferences file. This file is stored in the Preferences folder inside the System Folder. You can make sure that every licensed user of Macintosh PC Exchange in your office uses the same assignments. Make copies of the PC Exchange Preferences file and place one copy in the Preferences folder (inside the System Folder) of each licensed user’s Macintosh. Do not change the name of the PC Exchange Preferences file.
Choosing a file format In some programs you’ll have the choice of saving the document in one of several file formats. The Save As dialog box may include buttons or pop-up menus for choosing a file format. A document’s file format refers to the way information within the document is encoded. If a program cannot accurately interpret a document’s file format, it may display the document incorrectly (as in the figure below).
For example, suppose you created a file on your Macintosh named July Budget.DOC If you viewed the same file on a DOS computer, its name would be !JULYBUD.DOC The exclamation mark (!) indicates that the name has been shortened. A file can thus have two names: a long name (for when the file is displayed on the Macintosh) and a short name (for when it’s displayed on a DOS computer).
Index A About This Macintosh (Apple menu) 110 AC power 63 Active windows 31, 37 ADB devices connecting 108 power consumption of 108 ADB port 105, 108 Airline travel, security and restrictions 85 Alert messages (PowerBook File Assistant) 145 AMI Pro 2.0 (Windows) 154 Apple Desktop Bus. See ADB Apple HDSC Setup icon 133 AppleTalk 127.
Batteries 46, 56, 58, 63–74.
Contrast control 5 Contrast, screen 5, 51 Control key 43 Control panels (Apple menu) AutoRemounter 77 Battery Conservation options 69–74 for external modem setup 106–107 for RAM disk setup 78–81 for set as SCSI disk 93–94 Memory control panel 78–81 Monitors control panel 99–101 opening 69 PowerBook Display control panel 103 PowerBook Setup control panel 93–94, 106–107, 125 processor cycling options 73 Startup Disk control panel 81 Trackpad control panel 76 vs. Control Strip 54 Control Strip 53–56, 58–62.
Disks. See also floppy disks; hard disk; RAM disk; shared disks menus of 39 opening higher levels of 37 troubleshooting 122–123 working with 40–41 Display. See also monitor, external; screen angle of 3 opening 3 Documents 38–39.
External modem. See modem, external External monitor.
deleting items from 28–29, 36 external 129 installing system software on 129–136 power consumption of 71 spinning down 59, 71 storing documents on 23–24 troubleshooting 122, 129 turning off when not in use 59 using PowerBook as 93–95 Hard disk icon 20, 34 Hard disk sleep, controlling 71 Hard disk windows.
M Macintosh opening DOS documents on 151 synchronizing files between PowerBook and desktop Macintosh 137 synchronizing files with 137–145 Macintosh Basics tour 9–10, 12–15 Macintosh PC Exchange 147–148, 152–163 assigning Mac programs to DOS 151–158, 160–161 control panel adding assignments to 152, 157–158 editing assigment lists 160 trying out assignments in 160 opening DOS documents with 151 Preferences file 161 purpose of 147 saving documents onto DOS disks with 161–162 Macintosh programs, assigning to DO
Networking services 111 Networks 111–114 AppleTalk 61–62, 84, 112 automatically connecting to shared disks 75, 77 Ethernet, connecting to 111–114 installing system software on 130, 132 passwords and 77 Print Later option 75, 84 troubleshooting 127 zones 126–127 New Folder command (File menu) 26, 41 Nickel-metal-hydride (NiMG) batteries.
other adapters, damage from 1, 46, 65, 109 plug adapters and 85 troubleshooting 5 Power adapter cable 2 Power adapter port 2, 65, 105 Power On key 4–5, 43 Power Settings module (Control Strip) 58, 69, 72–74 Power source, selecting 74 Power strip 1, 98 PowerBook Display control panel 103 PowerBook File Assistant 137–138, 140–141, 146 alert messages in 145 automatic synchronization with 144, 146 installing 138 linking files or folders with 138, 141 purpose of 137 starting 138 synchronizing linked files or fol
S Safety instructions 45–47 for travel 85 Save command (File menu) 23–24, 39 Save As command (File menu) 39 Saving documents 39 onto a DOS–format disk 162 troubleshooting 125 Screen.
Software drivers, installing 88 Sound, changing volume of 61 Sound input devices, connecting 108–109 Sound input port 105, 109 Sound output devices, connecting 109 Sound output port 105, 109 Sound Volume module (Control Strip) 61 Speakers, external 109 Spills 46 Spinning down hard disk 59, 71 Starting the PowerBook 4–5, 7, 116, 121 Startup disk floppy disk as 129 hard disk as 129 RAM disk as 69, 75, 82 Startup Disk control panel 81 Storage folder 135 Storing documents.
screen 119–120, 122 SCSI devices 121–122 turning the PowerBook on 116, 121 what to do if you are stuck or lost 31 Turning external monitor on 100 Turning SCSI devices on 92 Turning the PowerBook off 6 with reset key combination 6 Turning the PowerBook on 4–5. See also restarting the PowerBook after system error 7 troubleshooting 5, 116, 121 Turning video mirroring on and off 62, 103 U Unlocking files 124 floppy disks 125 Upgrading memory 110 V Ventura Publisher 3.2 (Windows) 156 VGA monitors 97.
