Macintosh Performa User’s Guide Includes setup, troubleshooting, and important health-related information for Macintosh Performa 6100 series computers
K Apple Computer, Inc. © 1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Contents Communications regulation information Preface Welcome to Macintosh 1 Getting Started ix 1 Plugging in the computer 1 Installing an expansion card Connecting the monitor 3 4 Connecting the mouse and keyboard Connecting other equipment Turning the computer on 6 6 7 Problems turning your computer on? What’s next? vi 8 9 Learning the basics Reviewing the basics 10 11 Turning the computer off Where to find answers 12 13 iii
2 Getting Help 15 Getting answers to your questions 16 Identifying objects on the screen Learning useful shortcuts 24 25 3 Connecting Additional Equipment Connecting audio equipment Expanding memory 27 29 34 4 Using Programs and Backing Up Disks Installing application programs 35 37 Working with several programs at a time Protecting the information on a disk 38 39 Restoring the information on your hard disk 5 Troubleshooting 49 When you have questions 49 When you run into trouble 49
Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips 75 Health-related information about computer use Safety instructions 75 80 Handling your computer equipment Cleaning your equipment 81 85 Locking and unlocking the mouse Appendix B Installing an Expansion Card 87 89 Appendix C Adding AV Capability to Your Macintosh Performa Installing the AV software 97 98 Connecting the monitor cable to an AV-equipped Macintosh Performa 6100 series computer 98 An AV-equipped Macintosh Performa 6100 series compu
Communications regulation information FCC statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. See instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected. Radio and television interference The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy.
DOC statement DOC Class B Compliance This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard entitled “Digital Apparatus,” ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.
Welcome to Macintosh Congratulations on the purchase of your new Macintosh. Your computer is designed to give you the highest performance combined with real ease of use—it’s easy to set up, easy to use, and easy to expand. This book will guide you through the setup procedure, tell you how to expand your Macintosh, and provide many tips on using your new system. Your Macintosh computer is powered by the new † microprocessor (or “chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.
Monitor Macintosh Performa computer Keyboard cable (sometimes built into the keyboard as shown here) Keyboard Monitor cable (sometimes built into the monitor) Mouse Computer power cord Monitor power cord Monitor cable adapter
Follow the instructions in this chapter to set up your computer and learn the basics. 1 Getting Started The illustration on the facing page shows all the equipment you will need to set up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat surface near a grounded wall outlet.
When you are ready to begin, follow these steps: 1 Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the recessed power socket (marked with the symbol ≤) on the back of the computer. 2 Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip. WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet.
3 If necessary, switch the computer off. If you heard a tone when you plugged in the computer, the computer has started up and you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the on/off switch to turn the computer off. (The on/off switch is located on the front of the computer and is marked with the symbol I.) On/off switch Installing an expansion card If you purchased an expansion card for your Macintosh, install it now. (See Appendix B, “Installing an Expansion Card,” for instructions.
Connecting the monitor Monitors have two cords to connect: a power cord and a monitor cable. Follow these steps: 1 Place the monitor on top of or next to the computer. Keep these considerations in mind: m Allow a few inches for air circulation around the computer and monitor. m Make sure that the top of the screen is slightly below eye level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. m Position the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from overhead lights and windows.
4 Attach the monitor cable adapter to the monitor cable. Monitor cable adapter Monitor cable 5 Attach the adapter to the monitor port on the back of the computer. The monitor port (sometimes called the high-density monitor port) is marked with the symbol ™. To connect, firmly push the cable or adapter into the port until you hear a click. Monitor cable Monitor cable adapter: attach a standard monitor cable to this adapter, then connect the adapter to the monitor port.
Connecting the mouse and keyboard 1 Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard. The plug and the port are marked with the ◊ icon (symbol). The positions of the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured. By the way: A port marked with the ◊ icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port. Plug the mouse into the recessed port on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug should be pointing down, as shown here.
Turning the computer on To turn on the computer, follow these steps: 1 Turn on the computer by pressing the on/off switch on the front panel. The switch is marked with the symbol I. You hear a tone from the computer as it starts up. 2 Turn on your monitor. See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the on/off switch. On Apple monitors, the on/off switch is marked with the symbol I. 3 Check to see what’s on your screen.
Problems turning your computer on? If you don’t see anything on the screen, check these items to see if you can identify the problem: m Is the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a power strip, is the power strip turned on? m Is the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel should be on. If it isn’t on, press the on/off switch (marked with the symbol I).
What’s next? Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Continue with one of the following steps: m If you are new to the Macintosh, turn to the next section, “Learning the Basics.” m If you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting Help,” to learn about Macintosh Guide, your main source of information when you’re working with the Macintosh. m If you want to connect additional equipment, such as a printer, to your computer, see Chapter 3 of this book for instructions.
Learning the basics If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easy-to-use program called the Performa Tutorial. The two-part tutorial teaches you the basic skills you’ll need to use your computer. To start the tutorial, follow these steps: 1 Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk. Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Don’t press the mouse button (under your index finger).
If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse, pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.) 3 Without moving the mouse, click the mouse button. A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed both parts of the tutorial, return to this book.
Turning the computer off To turn the computer off, you choose Shut Down from the Apple (K) menu. Detailed instructions follow. (Note: The Shut Down command is also available in the Special menu.) 12 Chapter 1 1 Move the tip of the arrow to the Apple (K) menu at the top left of the screen. 2 With the tip of the arrow on the apple, press and hold down the mouse button.
Where to find answers When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several places you can look for answers. In this book Macintosh Performa User’s Guid e Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it, or to find solutions to problems. In the Guide menu The Guide menu (marked with the h icon) is your main source of information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get different kinds of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.
Use the instructions in this chapter to learn about the help available to you in the Guide menu. 2 Getting Help The Guide menu is your main source of information when you’re working with your computer. The menu is identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.
Getting answers to your questions When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu. 1 Pull down the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder to make it the active application program. A checkmark in the menu indicates that the Finder is the active program. 2 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Macintosh Guide. The Macintosh Guide window appears.
3 Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For. Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information: m Topics lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of contents in a book. m Index lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it is like the index in a book. m Look For lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase that you type.
2 Click “Setting Options” in the list of topics. When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window. To get instructions, click a question… …and then click OK. 3 Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click here.
Getting answers with the Index button 1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button. An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side of the window. Slider Scroll bar 2 Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase “background pattern” is visible. You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list. 3 Click the phrase “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.
4 Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click here. 5 Click here to see the next step (if there is one). Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
Getting answers with the Look For button 1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button. A small box appears on the left side of the window, where you can type text. To activate the text box, click here. Type a word or phrase in the text box… …and then click here. 2 Click the arrow button to activate the text box. 3 Type “sound” in the text box and then click Search.
4 Click the question “How do I change the beep sound?” and then click OK. Or doubleclick the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to close Macintosh Guide, click here. Click here to see the next step (if there is one). 5 Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
Tips for using Macintosh Guide Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively: m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.
Identifying objects on the screen Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, “What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help. Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen in balloons like those you see in comic strips. Follow these steps to use Balloon Help: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Show Balloons.
Learning useful shortcuts You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it. Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Shortcuts. The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears. 2 Click one of the category buttons.
3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected. Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the next window (if there is one). 4 26 Chapter 2 When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.
Read this chapter for information on expanding your computer system with additional hardware. 3 Connecting Additional Equipment The illustration shows a basic Macintosh Performa 6100 series system, ready to use. However, you can also expand your computer system.
The illustration on this page shows where equipment should be connected to your computer. For instructions on connecting audio equipment, see the next section, “Connecting Audio Equipment.” For instructions on connecting video equipment, see Appendix C, “Adding AV Capability to your Macintosh Performa.” For instructions on connecting other equipment, see the manual that came with the equipment.
Connecting audio equipment Your Macintosh can play and record stereo sound from a variety of sources. You can listen to or reproduce stereo sound by connecting audio equipment to the sound input and output ports on the computer. If you have an internal CD-ROM drive, you can also use your computer to play and record sound from audio compact discs (CDs).
The computer’s sound ports accept an audio connector known as a stereo miniplug. This connector is the type used on headphones for a personal tape player, for example. If your equipment has a different type of connector, you can purchase an adapter at an electronics supply store. Stereo miniplug Connecting audio equipment To play or record sound with your Macintosh, you can attach a microphone, amplifier, tape recorder, or a pair of speakers.
4 Attach the cable to the audio equipment and to the appropriate sound port on the Macintosh. To hear or record incoming sound on the computer, connect the audio equipment to the sound input port (X). To record the sound produced by the computer or play that sound through externally powered (amplified) speakers, connect the audio equipment to the sound output port (-). 5 Turn on the computer and the audio equipment. You’re now ready to begin listening to and working with sound.
Follow these steps to connect and position the microphone: 1 Shut down the Macintosh. 2 Plug the microphone’s connector into the sound input port (X) on the back of the computer. 3 Place the microphone at the top center of the monitor, so that the microphone’s Apple (K) icon is facing you. If you can’t place the microphone on top of the monitor, position the microphone according to these guidelines: m The microphone should be between 1 and 3 feet away from you.
Connecting external stereo speakers You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching externally powered (amplified) speakers. 1 Assemble the speakers and the cable you need. You need a cable with stereo miniplugs at each end to connect one or both speakers to the computer. (Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter. Others, like those shown in the next illustration, accept a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard speaker wires.) 2 Turn off the Macintosh.
Expanding memory The random-access memory (RAM) in your computer can be expanded. Installing additional RAM adds more memory chips to your computer and expands its capabilities. The Technical Information booklet that came with your computer describes how much additional memory can be installed in your Macintosh. Memory for your computer is provided in packages called Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs).
Read this chapter for information on installing and using application programs with your computer. 4 Using Programs and Backing Up Disks Your computer came installed with several ready-to-use application programs. You can open these programs by clicking their buttons in the Launcher. The Apple Extras folder on your hard disk (or the Macintosh Performa CD) contains other programs (some of which must be installed before they will work), including the following: m AppleScript.
m PlainTalk is a program that enables you to use spoken commands with your Macintosh Performa. To use PlainTalk, you need to install the PlainTalk software (use the Installer in the PlainTalk folder inside Apple Extras) and connect an Apple PlainTalk microphone. (See “Connecting and Positioning a Microphone” in Chapter 3.) For information about using the PlainTalk software, see the “Speech” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.
Installing application programs You’ll probably want to buy and install additional application programs. See the manuals you received with your programs for instructions on installing and using them. In most cases, you’ll install an application program on your internal hard disk from floppy disks that contain the program. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy disk in your computer’s floppy disk drive. Insert the floppy disk, metal end first, into the floppy disk drive of your computer.
Working with several programs at a time You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your computer’s memory allows. All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. The name of the active program (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar. The Finder icon Commands to hide or display open windows A checkmark indicates the active program.
Hiding and showing windows on the desktop You can hide all windows except those of the active program by choosing Hide Others from the Application menu. The other programs remain open even though their windows are hidden. When you switch to another program, its windows become visible again. If you want to see all the open windows, choose Show All from the Application menu.
Using Apple Backup for the first time If you have a Macintosh Performa CD, you don’t need to use Apple Backup, because the CD contains all the software that came with your computer. However, if you don’t have the CD as backup, use Apple Backup to copy the software to floppy disks, as backup. WARNING Do not attempt to back up your Macintosh with disks that have been preformatted for an IBM-compatible personal computer.
3 Click the Continue button. A message appears, showing you how to identify the high-density floppy disks you need. 4 Make sure your floppy disks are high-density. Then click the Continue button. A message appears, telling you how many disks you need to make the copy and approximately how long it will take. Make sure you have enough time and disks to complete the copying. If you stop the copying before it’s finished, you’ll have to start over again from the beginning.
Using Apple Backup to update your backup copy If you made a backup copy of your hard disk information on floppy disks using Apple Backup, you can keep your backup copy up-to-date by following the instructions here. By the way: Another way to make sure you have up-todate information is to use a new set of floppy disks to create your backup copy, preserving your original backup.
5 Click the Continue button. A message appears, showing you how to identify the high-density floppy disks you need. 6 Make sure your floppy disks are high-density. Then click the Continue button. A message appears, telling you how many disks you need to copy all files on your hard disk, or to copy just the System Folder. It also tells you approximately how long it will take to make the copy.
9 Insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. If you did not unlock the disk correctly, it is ejected and a message appears. Unlock the disk, making sure that the tab snaps into place, and try again. A message appears, telling you that the disk contains information. 10 Click the Continue button. If there is a problem with the disk, a message appears. Otherwise, copying takes place automatically. A sound alerts you when it’s time to insert another disk. 11 When the disk is ejected, lock and label it.
Restoring the information on your hard disk If information on your hard disk becomes damaged or lost, you can restore it if you have a backup copy of the information. The Macintosh Performa CD contains copies of all the system software and application programs that came with your computer. See the Macintosh Performa CD booklet for instructions on using the Macintosh Performa CD.
6 Click the Apple Restore button in the Launcher to open the Apple Restore program. In a moment you’ll see this screen: 7 Read the information on the screen and click the Continue button. 8 Insert your first backup floppy disk. Restoring proceeds automatically. If there is a problem with the disk, you see a message describing the problem.
9 Respond to any messages you see on the screen. If Apple Restore finds an item on your hard disk that is newer than an item with the same name on the floppy disk, it asks whether you want the older version of the item to replace the newer version. Use the following guidelines to decide whether or not to replace the item: m If the item is system software, click Replace Newer Version. m If the item is one of your own files, click Keep Newer Version.
Consult this chapter if you experience problems using your computer. 5 Troubleshooting When you have questions If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer to Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on using Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of this manual. When you run into trouble While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon or an error message, or you may have a problem such as the pointer (8) “freezing” on the screen.
Take your time When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately. The message stays on the screen until you click the OK button or turn off the Macintosh. To help diagnose and correct the problem, gather as much information on the situation as you can before starting over. m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred. Write down the message on the screen.
Start over Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory and starting over. If you can, save any open documents before restarting the Macintosh. If your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the program in use when the problem occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other programs before restarting.
Rebuild your desktop regularly A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep track of data on your disks. It’s a good idea to rebuild the desktop of your disks once a month or so, especially your startup disks. (Although you usually use the hard disk in your computer as a startup disk, you can also start up from any other disk that has system software installed.
Solutions to common problems The computer is turned on, but the screen is dark. One of the following is probably the cause: m You have a screen saver program that darkens the screen when the computer has not been used for a certain period. Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver. m The screen control buttons (¸) are not adjusted properly. Press the top screen control button to lighten the screen. m The Macintosh is not getting power.
When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of the screen. This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause: m Your computer may be having a problem recognizing external equipment that uses the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI). Turn off all external SCSI equipment and disconnect the first SCSI device in the chain from your computer’s SCSI port. Then restart the computer.
When you try to start up from a floppy disk, a disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen, and the floppy disk is ejected. This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a startup disk. Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun starting up. A “sad Macintosh” icon appears, and the computer won’t start up.
The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop. If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again. m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh. m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your computer.
Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk. If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following: m If the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it. For instructions, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. m The disk may be damaged. See “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.
A dialog box with a bomb appears. Your system has a software problem. m Write down what you were doing when the message appeared and the text of the message. m Restart your Macintosh. (See “Start Over” in the section “When You Run Into Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.) Most software problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem. m Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the dialog box appeared.
Check the startup disk and program you were using when the problem occurred. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software. Try starting up the computer with the Macintosh Performa CD. (For instructions on how to start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in the section “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter.) If your computer starts up normally, there may be an extension conflict.
Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen. One of the following is probably the cause: m Your system has a software problem. Restart your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over” in the section “When You Run Into Trouble” earlier in this chapter. Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the problem occurred. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software.
You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open a program, you see a message that not enough memory is available. One of the following is probably the cause: m The Macintosh ran out of memory. Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want to use, or restart your Macintosh. Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory.
You see a message that an application program can’t be found. The following dialog box appears if you try to open a document that was created with software that is not on your hard disk. Normally, you see this message if you try to open a document that came from another Macintosh with software that is different from yours. m Some documents can be opened by more than one application program.
You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer. If you can’t open a DOS document using a Macintosh program, try the following: m Open the document from within the program by choosing Open in the program’s File menu. m Use the PC Exchange control panel to change the document’s type to one that can be opened by the program.
Repairing a damaged disk If you see a message reporting that a disk is damaged or unreadable, you may need to repair the disk. Try these suggestions first If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your Macintosh, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again. m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.
Starting up from a CD-ROM disc To test, repair, or initialize a hard disk, or to install system software on a hard disk, you need to start up your computer from another disk. You can start up your computer using the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. The procedure for starting up from the CD varies depending on the condition of the system software on your hard disk. To find out which procedure to use, you must turn on your Macintosh.
If you see the Macintosh desktop 1 Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the CD-ROM tray. 2 Place the Macintosh Performa CD disc in the tray with the disc label facing up. Make sure the disc is lying flat in the tray. 3 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.
Problems starting up from the CD? If you’ve followed the steps in the previous sections and the Macintosh Performa CD icon does not appear on your screen, follow these steps: 1 Insert the Macintosh Performa CD into your computer’s CD-ROM drive. 2 Choose Restart from the Special menu. 3 Immediately press and hold down the Command (x), Shift, Option, and Delete keys. The Macintosh Performa CD icon appears on the desktop. 4 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu.
Testing a SCSI hard disk You can test an Apple SCSI hard disk with the Apple HD SC Setup program, which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. 1 Start up your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD. See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section. 2 Open the Apple HD SC Setup program. 3 Click Drive until the disk you want appears. SCSI ID number of the currently selected hard disk Name of the currently selected hard disk 4 Click Test.
How to repair a hard disk or floppy disk You can repair some types of disk damage by using the Disk First Aid program, which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. 1 Start up your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD. See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section. 2 Open the Disk First Aid icon. 3 Click the icon of the disk you want to test. Disk icons appear in a box at the top of the Disk First Aid window.
4 Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk. You can’t repair the startup disk or the disk that contains the Disk First Aid program, but you can test these disks by clicking Verify. If the program reveals a problem with either of these disks, start up the computer from another disk so that you can repair the damaged disk. If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then click Repair. 5 When testing and repair are done, choose Quit from the File menu.
Initializing a hard disk You initialize an Apple SCSI hard disk by using a program called Apple HD SC Setup, which is on the Utilities floppy disk that came with your computer. If your computer came with a CD-ROM drive and you didn’t receive floppy disks, you can find Apple HD SC Setup on the Macintosh Performa CD. 1 Start up your computer from the Utilities disk or the Macintosh Performa CD.
5 Click Init to initialize the hard disk. Click here to initialize the disk. 6 If a message appears asking you to name the disk, type a name and then click OK. 7 Click Quit when you see a message reporting that initialization was successful. If a message reports that initialization failed, try again. If initialization fails a second time, take the disk to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.
Installing or reinstalling system software System software is the set of programs and other files that your computer uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs you use. System software is kept in the System Folder. When you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that contains the system software. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s inside your computer, though another hard disk or a floppy disk can also be a startup disk.
Read this appendix for important health and safety instructions, as well as tips on keeping your computer in good working order. Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips For your own safety and that of your equipment, follow all the instructions in this chapter. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.
Musculoskeletal discomfort As with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using a computer can make your muscles sore and stiff. To minimize these effects, set up your work environment carefully, using the guidelines that follow, and take frequent breaks to rest tired muscles. To make working with your computer more comfortable, allow enough space in your work area so that you can change position frequently and maintain a relaxed posture.
Eye fatigue Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to view an object that’s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying, there’s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.
You may have to raise your chair so your forearms and hands are at the proper angle to the keyboard. If this makes it impossible to rest your feet flat on the floor, you can use a footrest with adjustable height and tilt to make up for any gap between the floor and your feet. Or you may lower the desktop to eliminate the need for a footrest. Another option is to use a desk with a keyboard tray that’s lower than the regular work surface. m Position the mouse at the same height as your keyboard.
Avoiding fatigue m Change your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue. m Use a light touch when typing or using a mouse and keep your hands and fingers relaxed. m Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified health specialist.
Safety instructions For your own safety and that of your equipment, always take the following precautions.
Handling your computer equipment Follow these guidelines for handling your computer and its components: m When setting up your computer, place components on a sturdy, flat surface, and carefully follow all setup instructions. m When connecting or disconnecting a cable, always hold the cable by its connector (the plug, not the cord). m Turn off your computer and all its components before connecting or disconnecting any cables to add or remove any component.
Handling the monitor Follow these procedures for handling a monitor: m Turn down the screen brightness control if you leave the computer turned on for extended periods. If the brightness is not turned down, the image on the screen could “burn in” and damage the screen. You can also use a “screen saver” program, which dims or varies the image on the screen when the computer has been idle for a specified period of time. These programs are available from independent suppliers and user groups.
Handling floppy disks Store disks at temperatures between 50° F and 125° F. Do not use a pencil or an eraser on a disk or disk label. Keep disks dry. 125° F (52° C) 50° F (10° C) Do not touch the exposed part of the disk behind the metal shutter. Keep disks away from magnets. Avoid exposing disks to extremely hot temperatures.
If you can’t eject a floppy disk If you can’t eject a floppy disk in the usual way, try the following in order: m Hold down the x and Shift keys and press the number 1 key on your keyboard to eject a disk in the internal disk drive. m Turn off the computer. If the disk isn’t ejected, then hold down the button on your mouse or other pointing device while you turn the computer on again.
Cleaning your equipment Follow these general rules when cleaning the outside of your computer and its components: m Use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer’s exterior. Avoid getting moisture in any openings. m Don’t use aerosol sprays, solvents, or abrasives. Cleaning the computer case To clean the case, do the following: 1 Turn off the computer completely and then disconnect the power plug. (Pull the plug, not the cord.
2 Turn the mouse upside-down and turn the plastic ring on the bottom counterclockwise to disengage it. If you have an older mouse, you may need to press the plastic ring (rather than turn it) to disengage it. 3 Turn the mouse right-side up with one hand and catch the ring and the ball with your other hand. 4 Clean the three small rollers inside the mouse with a cotton swab moistened with water. Rotate the rollers to clean all around them.
Locking and unlocking the mouse Some mouse devices can be locked so that the ball can’t be removed. A locking mouse has a small hole on the plastic ring. To lock the mouse, follow these steps: 1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring. Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole. (The hole may be located here on your mouse.) 2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring clockwise. Turn the ring a very short distance, until it stops.
To unlock the mouse, follow these steps: 1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring. Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole. (The hole may be located here on your mouse.) 2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring counterclockwise. Turn the ring a very short distance. When the recessed area on the ring is lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse is unlocked.
Read this appendix for instructions on installing an expansion card in your computer. Appendix B Installing an Expansion Card You can install a printed circuit board (called a card) for video and graphics applications, networking and communications, additional processing power, or other purposes. The card requires an adapter, which allows it to fit into a connector, called an expansion slot, inside the computer. The Macintosh Performa 6100 series computer can accept one NuBus expansion card and adapter.
Follow these steps to install an expansion card. 1 Turn off and unplug the computer. Make sure the computer is turned off and unplugged. 2 Remove the cover from the computer. Pull up on the two latches at the rear corners of the case. Lift up on the latches. Tilt the cover and slide it toward the front panel. Then lift the cover off. Tilt the back of the cover toward the front of the computer and lift it off.
3 Touch the metal part of the power supply case inside the computer to discharge static electricity. Always do this before you touch any parts, or install any components, inside the computer. Power supply 4 Remove the cover from the access port on the computer’s back panel and set it aside. Use your thumb to push out the access port cover.
5 Remove the card from its static-proof bag. Handle the card by its edges. Do not touch the connector. Connector 6 Remove the adapter card assembly from its static-proof bag. The adapter card assembly consists of an adapter card attached to a metal bracket. Do not touch the connectors on the card. NuBus card connector Expansion slot connector Set aside the thumbscrews that came with the adapter card. You’ll need them later.
7 Attach the card to the adapter card assembly. Rest the adapter card assembly on the edge of a flat surface, with the metal bracket pointing up. Slide the NuBus card into the bracket. The pin on the bracket should line up with the hole on the metal end of the card. Press gently on the cards to push the connectors together. When the cards are attached correctly, the pin fits in the hole and the guide fits in the slot, as shown in the illustration.
8 Locate the expansion slot on the main circuit board. The expansion slot is at the far left edge of the circuit board as you face the front of the computer. Expansion slot 9 Power supply Insert the connector on the adapter card into the expansion slot. Line up the connector with the slot. Then press down gently but firmly on the adapter card until the connector is fully inserted.
Make sure that the tab on the side of the card assembly slides into the slot on the side of the case. NuBus adapter card assembly Tab Slot in computer case 10 Attach the thumbscrews to the access port on the computer’s back panel. Position the bracket against the access port while inserting and tightening the thumbscrews.
11 Replace the cover on the computer. 1 Lower the front end of the cover and slide it toward the back. 2 Engage the ribs on the bottom case with the slots in the cover. 3 Press down on the latches to snap them into place. WARNING Always replace the cover before turning the computer on.
Appendix C Adding AV Capability to Your Macintosh Performa If you purchase and install a Power Macintosh AV Card, you add sophisticated audio/visual capabilities to your Macintosh Performa computer.
Installing the AV software The software you need, FusionRecorder and Video Monitor, are on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer, in a folder called Apple Extras. Drag the folder named For Macintosh AV Versions from the CD onto your hard disk. You will probably want to put it in the Applications folder or the Apple Extras folder on your hard disk.
2 Attach the monitor cable to one of the monitor ports on the back of the computer. If you have a standard monitor, attach the monitor cable to the second monitor port. If you have an AudioVision monitor, you can attach the monitor cable to the computer’s high-density monitor port. However, if you plan to use your AudioVision monitor for video digitizing, you will get better results if you use the adapter cables from the AudioVision adapter kit to attach the monitor to the second monitor port.
An AV-equipped Macintosh Performa 6100 series computer Once you install a Power Macintosh AV Card in your Macintosh Performa 6100 series computer, your computer will have all the ports shown in this illustration. The captions tell you which equipment attaches to which port. Check the following pages, as well as information that came with your equipment, for connection instructions.
Connecting video equipment Once you install a video card into your Macintosh, you can connect video equipment so that you can display, edit, and store video images on the computer. You can also view or record the computer’s images on a television or videocassette recorder (VCR).
About your computer’s S-video input and output ports Your AV-equipped Macintosh has two S-video ports. The input port brings in images from connected external equipment, such as a VCR. The output port sends images out from the computer to the external equipment.
The S-video connector is a round plug with several small metal pins. You can plug this type of connector into your computer’s S-video input or output port. S-video connector IMPORTANT The S-video connector resembles other Macintosh connectors, such as those for a printer, modem, mouse, or keyboard. Don’t confuse the connectors; they’re not interchangeable. Using adapters for composite video Many video devices use composite video format instead of S-video. The cables for these devices have RCA-type plugs.
Two adapters for RCA plugs come with your computer. To connect a cable with RCA plugs to your computer, connect the RCA plug to one of the adapters, and connect the adapter to the appropriate S-video port (input or output) on the back of your computer. 104 Appendix C Connect the end marked with the æ icon to the computer’s S-video input port. (The curved side of the connector should face up.) Connect the end marked with the Æ icon to the computer’s S-video output port.
Connecting video equipment for input to the computer When you connect video equipment to an AV-equipped Macintosh 6100 series computer, you can view video on the computer, capture video frames, and hear the sound from the video equipment through the computer’s speaker. The instructions that follow are for connecting a stereo VCR, but you can use them as a model for connecting your computer to any video equipment.
IMPORTANT A Y-shaped adapter is supplied with the round microphone for some models of the Macintosh. This adapter is not compatible with your Macintosh. 2 Attach one end of the video cable to the Video Out port on the VCR. Follow the directions that came with the VCR. 3 Plug the other end of the video cable (or adapter) into the S-video input port (æ) on the Macintosh. If the connector doesn’t slide easily into the port, realign it and try again.
Connecting video equipment for output from the computer You can deliver and record a sophisticated presentation by combining the video and sound capabilities of your Macintosh. The steps that follow explain how to set up equipment for recording the computer’s output on videotape and adding voice annotation with a microphone. To ensure that your presentation is recorded on videotape and shown on the television, you must connect the VCR to the computer and the television to the VCR.
Then follow these steps: 1 Assemble the VCR, television, microphone, and cables you need. Be sure to use a microphone designed for your model of the Macintosh, such as the Apple PlainTalk Microphone. You need the following cables (available at an electronics supply store): m Video cable with S-video connectors or RCA plugs at each end. (If you’re using a video cable with RCA plugs, you’ll also need the adapter cable for composite video.
3 Plug the other end of the video cable (or adapter) into the S-video output port (Æ) on the Macintosh. If the connector doesn’t slide easily into the port, realign it and try again. Don’t use force, which could damage the computer or cable. 4 Plug the dual RCA plugs on the audio cable into the left and right Audio In ports on the VCR. 5 Plug the stereo miniplug on the audio cable (or adapter) into the sound output port (-) on the Macintosh.
Using a television as a monitor There are two ways to use a television as a monitor: m As described in the previous section, you can connect a VCR to the computer’s S-video output port, and connect a television to the VCR’s Video Out port. Then you can record a presentation on videotape as it is displayed on the television. m You can connect a television directly to the computer’s S-video output port and display the computer’s images on it.
If you have trouble using a monitor with an AV-equipped Macintosh Read the information in this section if you are having trouble using monitors with an AV-equipped Macintosh. The Monitors control panel indicates that you have two monitors, but you have only one. If you have only one monitor and it is connected to the high-density monitor port, the Monitors control panel assumes that a monitor is connected to the second monitor port, even if a second monitor isn’t connected.
Note: If you have only one monitor, there are several good reasons to leave it connected to the second monitor port instead of the high-density monitor port: m You avoid setting up the “ghost monitor” situation just described. m The second monitor port provides more colors on all monitors 13 inches or larger (measured diagonally), including the AudioVision 14 Display.
4 Click the picture that represents the television, then click Options. Click here to identify which picture represents the television. Click the picture that represents the television, then click Options above. 5 Make sure the box labeled “Upon Restart Display Video on Television” is not selected. Make sure this box is not selected. 6 Close the Monitors control panel and restart your computer.
You see wavy lines or static after switching to a television from a monitor connected to the second monitor port. If the regular (RGB) monitor is still connected, switch back to it. If the monitor is no longer connected, or you can’t switch back to it, restart your computer. The next time you want to switch to a television, follow these steps: 1 Quit all application programs (save any open documents before quitting). 2 Be sure both the television and the monitor are connected to your computer.
5 Select “Display Video on Television”; then select NTSC Standard, PAL Standard, or “Use flicker-free format,” and click OK. 6 Click Switch in the dialog box that appears; then close the Monitors control panel. You can’t see the color wheel or other items. This problem can occur if you use a single monitor and it is not attached to the second monitor port.
Read this appendix to learn how to use the special keys on your keyboard. Appendix D Special Keys on Your Keyboard Your computer keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the computer without using the mouse. For example, in many application programs, pressing the x (Command) key at the same time as the Q key is often an alternative method of quitting a program.
Special keys on Apple keyboards (continued) Control key control Delete key Use to delete selected material, or the character to the left of the insertion point. delete Enter key enter Escape key esc Function keys F1 Option key Numeric keys alt option num lock clear = / 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 * Use to produce numbers and mathematical symbols; some programs use these keys as function keys to initiate actions. Use to produce capital letters (or the upper character on the key).
Typing special characters and symbols You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents) by pressing combinations of keys. The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key combinations in the fonts available on your computer. You choose Key Caps from the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.
If you see rectangles: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-x to see the diacritical marks. However, you only need to use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the other keys to type letters with diacritical marks. If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific diacritical mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the keys for letters that can be typed with that mark.
Index x-Control-Power key, for restarting computer 51, 120 x-Option, for rebuilding desktop 52 x-Option-Esc, for quitting program in trouble 51, 58, 120 x-Shift-1, for ejecting floppy disk 84 x-Shift-Option-Delete, to not start up from internal hard disk 45 h icon, as Guide menu indicator 11, 13 A accented characters, typing 120 access port cover, for NuBus expansion card 91 activating application programs 11 active program indicator 38 active window, checking for 11 acute accent, typing 120 adapter assem
application programs 37–39 activating 11 active, identifying 11, 38 additional, on hard disk 37 can’t be found 62 compatibility with computer 61 compatibility with system software 56, 60 disk repair 69–70 disk test, for external hard disks 68 disk test, for internal hard disk 67 expansion card for 89.
case cleaning 85 closing 96 installing NuBus expansion card in 92–94 opening 90–91 CD-ROM drive ejecting disk from 83 location of, in computer 27 Open/Close button for 27 starting up from 45, 65–66 CDs.
discs. See audio CDs; Macintosh Performa CD Disk First Aid program 69–70 disk icons with blinking question mark 7, 54, 73 with X in center 55 disk repair program 69–70 disks. See floppy disks; hard disk disk test programs 68 displaying windows on desktop 39 documents DOS 62–63 problems with opening 62 DOS disks 57 drives.
For Macintosh AV Versions folder 98 formatting floppy disks 57 formatting hard disk external 71 internal 71–72 frozen system, troubleshooting 51, 58–59 function keys 118 Fusion Recorder program 98 G GeoPort or modem port 28, 100 graphics applications, expansion card for 89. See also NuBus expansion card grave accent, typing 120 grounding plug 2, 81, 101 Guide menu 11, 13, 15.
I, J icons.
M Macintosh basics 10–11 Macintosh desktop 7 Macintosh Guide window 16–23 appearance of 16 closing 23 “Huh?” button in 23 Index button in 19–20 Look For button in 17, 21–22 moving 23 moving to next step in 18 opening 16 returning to 18 searching for general subjects in 17–18 searching for specific subjects in 17, 19–20 searching for words or phrases in 17, 21–22 shrinking and expanding 23 tips for using 23 Topics button in 17–18 Macintosh Performa CD 39.
moving arrow on screen 10–11 moving insertion point with keys 118 moving Macintosh Guide window 23 moving mouse 10–11 musculoskeletal discomfort 76 N networking, expansion card for 89. See also NuBus expansion card NuBus expansion card 34, 89–96 access port cover for 91 adapter assembly for 92 connector for 92 installing 92–94 opening computer for 90–91 removal warning for 34 requirements for 89 slot for.
Q S question mark disk icon 7, 54, 73 question mark icon, as Guide menu indicator 11, 13 questions. See Balloon Help; Guide menu; Macintosh Guide window; service and support; troubleshooting QuickDraw GX program 35 quitting programs when system freezes 51, 58 “sad Macintosh” icon 55 safety instructions 80. See also health concerns grounding plug 2, 81, 101 power supply 84 screen display 56.
size box 11 slider, in Macintosh Guide window 19 slot, NuBus expansion 94 connector for 92 Small Computer System Interface. See SCSI devices; SCSI port socket, power cord for computer 2 for monitor 4 software.
text, failure to appear on screen 60 tilde, typing 120 title bar 11 tone, computer startup 3 Topics button (Macintosh Guide window) 17–18 Trash icon 11 troubleshooting 49–74. See also Guide menu; health concerns; safety instructions ADB port problems 60 applications 37, 58–59, 60, 61, 62 AV (audio-visual) capability 111–115 “bomb” message 51, 58 cable connections 6 clock 53 color-choosing features 115 common problems 53–63.
V VCR (videocassette recorder) installing, for input to computer 105–106 installing, for output from computer 107–109 recording on 109 S-video input/output ports for 100, 102 ventilation 81, 82 very low frequency (VLF) emissions 79 video programs, expansion card for 89. See also NuBus expansion card video camera installing, for input to computer 105–106 S-video input/output ports for 100, 102 videocassette recorder.
Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, California 95014-2084 408.996.1010 030-7427-A Printed in U.S.A.
