Hardware manual

Glossary 79
NAT Network Address Translation. A method of connecting multiple computers to the
Internet (or any other IP network) using one IP address. NAT converts the IP addresses
you assign to computers on your private, internal network into one legitimate IP
address for Internet communications.
nested group A group that is a member of another group. Nested groups enable
administrators to manage groups of users at a global level (to influence all members of
a group) and at a smaller level (to influence only certain members of a group).
NetBoot server A Mac OS X server on which you’ve installed NetBoot software and
have configured to allow clients to start up from disk images on the server.
NetInfo One of the Apple protocols for accessing a directory domain.
network installation The process of installing systems and software on Mac OS X client
computers over the network. Software installation can occur with an administrator
attending the installations or completely unattended.
NFS Network File System. A client/server protocol that uses Internet Protocol (IP) to
allow remote users to access files as though they were local. NFS exports shared
volumes to computers according to IP address, rather than user name and password.
Open Directory The Apple directory services architecture, which can access
authoritative information about users and network resources from directory domains
that use LDAP, NetInfo, or Active Directory protocols; BSD configuration files; and
network services.
Option 95 A new option in the Bootstrap Protocol (BootP) and the Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) that lets clients find LDAP servers, their ports, base
distinguished names (DNs), and other attributes. The configuration is returned to the
DHCP client as a list of LDAP URLs according to a predefined syntax.
owner The owner of an item can change access permissions to the item. The owner
may also change the group entry to any group in which the owner is a member. By
default the owner has Read & Write permissions.
PAP Printer Access Protocol. The standard protocol based on AppleTalk that is used on
Mac OS X, Mac OS X Server, and other platforms for transmitting print job data to a
printer or print server.
PHP PHP Hypertext Preprocessor (originally Personal Home Page). A scripting
language embedded in HTML that’s used to create dynamic webpages.
POP Post Office Protocol. A protocol for retrieving incoming mail. After a user retrieves
POP mail, it’s stored on the user’s computer and is usually deleted automatically from
the mail server.