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Chapter 4 EFM1 113
EFM1 modulation parameters
FM synthesis is, at its core, caused by the intensity and type of modulations that take place in the
signal path. Therefore, the modulators outlined in this section have a dierent impact and role to
play than equivalent envelopes and LFOs found in analog synthesizer designs.
LFO parameters
FM Depth
Modulation Envelope
Modulator Pitch
Modulation parameters
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Modulation Env(elope) sliders: Control both the FM (Intensity) and Modulator pitch parameters
over time. The envelope is triggered every time a MIDI note is received.
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A(ttack) slider: Sets the time it takes to reach the maximum envelope level.
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D(ecay) slider: Sets the time it takes to reach the Sustain level.
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S(ustain) slider: Sets a level that is held until the MIDI note is released.
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R(elease) slider: Sets the time it takes to reach a level of 0, after the MIDI note has
been released.
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Modulator Pitch knob: Rotate to determine the impact of the modulation envelope on the
pitch of the modulator oscillator.
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If you turn the knob clockwise, you increase the eect of the modulation envelope. If
you turn the knob counterclockwise, you invert the eect of the modulation envelope, as
follows: the envelope slopes down during the attack phase and slopes up during the decay
and release time phases.
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If you click the “0” to center the Modulator Pitch knob, the envelope has no eect on the
pitch of the modulator oscillator.
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FM Depth knob: Rotate to determine the impact of the modulation envelope on FM intensity.
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If you turn the knob clockwise, you increase the eect of the modulation envelope. If
you turn the knob counterclockwise, you invert the eect of the modulation envelope, as
follows: the envelope slopes down during the attack phase and slopes up during the decay
and release time phases.
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If you click the “0” to center the FM Depth knob, the envelope has no eect on FM intensity.