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• 1’s complement: If the most significant bit is set, the value is negative. To set the absolute
value, invert all bits. Note that this allows two possible encoding values for zero. The
value range is –127 to 127 (7 bit) or –8191 to 8191 (14 bit).
• Sign Magnitude: If the most significant bit is set, the value is negative. To set the absolute
value, clear the most significant bit. Note that this allows two possible encoding values
for zero. This results in a value range of –127 to 127 (7 bit) or –8191 to 8191 (14 bit).
The appropriate format for a device is usually specified in its documentation. If unavailable,
check the control surface manufacturer’s website or contact them for more information.
Multiply Field
Enter a scaling value for incoming values. This is especially useful for button presses that
have a value of 1. For example:
• To set the automation mode to Write, set Multiply to 4.00, and Mode to Direct.
• To decrement a parameter by 1 with a button press, set Multiply to –1.00, and Mode
to Relative.
Mode Pop-Up Menu
Choose the mode used by incoming values to modify the current parameter value. The
choices are:
• Direct: The incoming value is used as the parameter value.
• Toggle: If the parameter’s current value is 0, it is set to the incoming value. All other
values set the parameter value to 0. This option is useful for buttons that toggle a value:
Mute, Solo, and so on.
• Scaled: The incoming value is scaled from its value range to the destination parameter’s
value range. This is useful for faders and rotary encoders.
• Relative: The incoming value is added to the parameter’s current value. Used by
encoders, but also for buttons that increment/decrement by a certain amount (set by
the Multiply parameter).
• Rotate: The incoming value is added to the parameter’s current value, cycling between
maximum and minimum values. This is useful for button presses that cycle between
modes: automation mode, for example.
• X-OR: The value defines a bit mask (a filter, in other words), which is applied to the
parameter’s current value with the “exclusive or” Boolean operation. Useful for
enabling/disabling single channel strip types in All view.
For On/Off parameters, Mode is set to Toggle by default. It is set to Scaled for absolute
controls (faders and knobs, for example), or to Relative for encoders.
57Chapter 2 Customizing Controller Assignments