10.6

715Logic Pro Instruments
You can affect modulation targets, such as oscillator pitch or filter cutoff frequency, by
using modulation sources that include the following:
• Velocity modulation: You can modulate a target in different ways with the impact of your
keyboard playing (harder or softer). The most common example of modulation controller
use is a velocity-sensitive keyboard, set to control the filter and level envelopes. The
harder you strike the notes, the louder and brighter the sound is.
• Key scaling: You can modulate a target in different ways by adjusting the position you
play on the keyboard (low or high notes). Keyscale modulation is often used to control
filter cutoff, resonance, or both; higher notes sound brighter than low notes. This
emulates the behavior of many acoustic instruments.
• Controls: You can use controls such as the modulation wheel, ribbon controllers, or
pedals attached to your keyboard. The modulation wheel is most commonly used for
pitch bends during performance.
• Automatic modulation: You can use envelope generators or LFOs to modulate signals
automatically. The most common LFO modulations are control of the pitch or level of a
sustained note, resulting in a vibrato or tremolo.
Modulation sources can be—and often are—triggered by something you’ve done, such as
playing a note on the keyboard or moving the modulation wheel.
The modulation wheel, pitch bend ribbons, foot pedals, keyboard, and other input options
are referred to as modulation controllers, MIDI controllers, or just controllers.
Modulation routing in ES1 and ES2
ES1 and ES2 provide an easy way to route a control—a modulation source—to part of the
sound engine—a modulation target.
ES1 modulation routing
You create an ES1 modulation routing by selecting a modulation target in the left or right
column of buttons in the Router section.
• You use the left column to set a modulation target that can be controlled, in amount,
with the modulation wheel of your keyboard.
• The target you select in the right column dynamically responds to keyboard velocity.
• The amount, or range, of this modulation is determined by the two arrows shown in the
sliders, Int via Whl and Int via Vel. The upper arrow determines the maximum amount of
modulation, and the lower arrow determines the minimum amount of modulation.