Formulas and Functions

PMT
The PMT function returns the xed periodic payment for a loan or annuity based on
a series of regular periodic cash ows (payments of a constant amount and all cash
ows at constant intervals) and a xed interest rate.
PMT(periodic-rate, num-periods, present-value, future-value, when-due)
 periodic-rate: The interest rate per period. periodic-rate is a number value and is
either entered as a decimal (for example, 0.08) or with a percent sign (for example, 8%).
 num-periods: The number of periods. num-periods is a number value and must be
greater than or equal to 0.
 present-value: The value of the initial investment, or the amount of the loan or
annuity. present-value is a number value. At time 0, an amount received is a positive
amount and an amount invested is a negative amount. For example, it could be an
amount borrowed (positive) or the initial payment made on an annuity contract
(negative).
 future-value: An optional argument that represents the value of the investment
or remaining cash value of the annuity (positive amount), or the remaining loan
balance (negative amount), after the nal payment. future-value is a number value.
At the end of the investment period, an amount received is a positive amount and
an amount invested is a negative amount. For example, It could be the balloon
payment due on a loan (negative) or the remaining value of an annuity contract
(positive). If omitted, it is assumed to be 0.
 when-due: An optional argument that species whether payments are due at the
beginning or end of each period. Most mortgage and other loans require the rst
payment at the end of the rst period (0), which is the default. Most lease and rent
payments, and some other types of payments, are due at the beginning of each
period (1).
end (0 or omitted): Payments are due at the end of each period.
beginning (1): Payments are due at the beginning of each period.
Example
In this example, PMT is used to determine the xed payment given the loan facts presented.
The function evaluates to –$1,610.21, which represents the xed payment you would make (negative
because it is a cash outow) for this loan.
periodic-rate num-periods present-value future-value when-due
=PMT(B2, C2, D2,
E2, F2)
=0.06/12 =10*12 200000 -100000 0
13 4 Chapter 6 Financial Functions