Contents Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Functionality 1 Initial set-up 2 Network management features 3 network management card USER’S GUIDE Introduction--1 Internal Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Overview 5 Login control 5 Types of user accounts 6 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Menu structure 22 Device Manager option 23 Network option 23 System option 24 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Overview 25 Web menu options 25 Supported Web browsers 26 network management card USER’S GUIDE Web Interface--25 How to Log In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Overview 27 URL address formats 28 Summary Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FTP Server, Telnet and Web 44 SNMP 45 Email 46 Syslog 47 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Overview 50 Menu options 51 network management card USER’S GUIDE System Menu--50 Option Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Status (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Menu options 78 Module status 78 network management card USER’S GUIDE Utility Line Settings 73 Alarm Thresholds (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) 74 Shutdown Parameters 75 General Settings 76 Reset UPS Defaults 77 Configure the Multiple/Parallel UPS IP Address and Monitor Name (Silcon UPS only) 77 PowerChute® (UPS PowerChute network shutdown) . . . . . . . . . . .
Event Actions (Web Interface only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Overview 97 Severity levels 98 Event Log action 98 Syslog action 99 SNMP Traps action 99 Email action 99 network management card USER’S GUIDE Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Overview 93 Logged events 94 Web interface 94 Control console 95 How to use FTP to retrieve log files 95 Event Recipients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security--119 Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Authentication versus encryption 121 MD5 authentication (for the Web interface) 122 Firewalls 123 network management card USER’S GUIDE Security Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction Product Description network management card USER’S GUIDE Functionality The following APC Network Management Cards are web-based management products that use multiple, open standards such as Telnet, HTTP, and SNMP to provide full management of supported devices: • AP9617 Network Management Card EX: The following is a list of some of this Management Card’s features: – Generates system log (Syslog) messages – Allows using a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to provide the Manage
Kits are available to upgrade an AP9617 to include AP9618 (AP9618U kit) or AP9619 (AP9619U kit) features. The AP9618U kit can also upgrade an AP9619 to include the AP9618 analog modem feature.
For information about how to use a DHCP server to configure the TCP/IP settings at a Management Card, see Boot Mode. The Management Card, along with other APC products, can perform a variety of tasks. The figure that follows identifies and briefly describes the network management applications that can work with a UPS that connects to the network through a Management Card.
UDP FTP network management card USER’S GUIDE HTTP SNMP UDP HTTP SNMP HTTP SNMP FTP HTTP SNMP UPS The Management Card connects the UPS to the network. PowerChute plus Provides an unattended Graceful Shutdown of computers that are connected serially to the UPS. PowerChute Network Shutdown Provides an unattended Graceful Shutdown of computers over the Network. MIB Browser Uses SNMP OIDs to provide SETs and G ETs on a UPS.
Internal Management Features The Management Card has two internal interfaces (control console and Web interface) which provide menus with options that allow you to manage the UPS, an environmental monitor (including the Integrated Environmental Monitor at an AP9618 or AP9619 Network Management Card), and the Management Card. The Management Card’s SNMP interface also allows you to use an SNMP browser with the PowerNet MIB to manage the UPS and environmental monitor.
Types of user accounts • An Administrator can use all of the management menus available in the control console and the Web interface. The Administrator’s default User Name and Password are both apc. network management card USER’S GUIDE The Management Card has two levels of access (Administrator and Device Manager), both of which are protected by Password and User Name requirements. • A Device Manager can only access the Log option in the Events menu and use the UPS and Environment menus.
Front Panel Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE The graphic below identifies the front-panel features of the three versions (AP9617, AP9618, and AP9619) of the Network Management Card. Includes Status LEDs, Reset button, and 10/100Base-T connector.
Output Pwr N O C O M Reset N C + G N 1 NN C 2 DO V Zone 1 2 C O M N C Probe C O M 10 /100 network management card Smart Slot USER’S GUIDE 10/100Base-T Includes AP9617 features and the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s connections (probe, input contacts, and output relay contacts).
network management card USER’S GUIDE Features AP9618 or AP9619 Description 9-pin connector1 • Output relay (Output): Normally closed (NC), common (COM), and normally open (NO) pins used by the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s output relay at an AP9618 or AP9619 Management Card. • Power (Pwr): Normally-open ground (GND NO) and +12VDC pins.
Link-RX/TX (10/100) LED network management card USER’S GUIDE This LED indicates the network status. Condition Description Off Either the Management Card is receiving no network traffic, or the device which connects the Management Card to the network is turned off or not operating correctly. Flashing Green The Management Card is receiving data packets from the network at 10 Megabits per second (Mbps).
Watchdog Features The Management Card is designed to recover from unanticipated inputs. Through the use of internal, system-wide watchdog mechanisms, the Management Card can detect most internal problems. When it does, it reboots itself to recover from the internal problem. This results in a System: Warmstart event being recorded in the Event Log.
Most networks will have some level of broadcast traffic which will be received by the Management Card and reset the 9.5-minute timer back to zero. But it is possible (for example, late at night) that the Management Card will not see any traffic for 9.5 minutes. Since it is not desirable for the Management Card to reboot just because the network is quiet, the Management Card will attempt to contact the default gateway approximately once every 4.5 minutes.
Control Console How To Log In network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview You can use either a local (serial) connection, or a remote (Telnet) connection with a computer on the Management Card’s subnet to access the control console. For an AP9618 Network Management Card, you can also use its internal analog modem to access the control console (see Modem (AP9618 control console)).
Local access to the control console 1. Select a serial port at the local computer and disable any service which uses that port. network management card USER’S GUIDE You can use a local computer, a computer that connects to the Management Card through the serial port at the Management Card’s UPS or expansion chassis, to access the control console. 2.
How to Recover from a Lost Password 1. Select a serial port at the local computer and disable any service which uses that port. network management card USER’S GUIDE You can use a local computer, a computer that connects to the Management Card through the serial port at the Management Card’s UPS or expansion chassis, to access the control console. 2.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Reconnect any cable disconnected in step 2, and restart any service disabled in step 1.
Main Screen The following is an example of the screen that appears when you log into the control console at an AP9618 or AP9619 Management Card that has the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s output relay enabled (an AP9617 does not have an Integrated Environmental Monitor, so it cannot report status for an output relay).
Information and status fields • Two fields identify the APC operating system (AOS) and application (APP) firmware versions. The application firmware uses a name that identifies the type of UPS that the Management Card connects to the network. In the example above, the Management Card uses the application firmware for a UPS in the Smart-UPS/Matrix-UPS family, in this case, a Smart-UPS 450. network management card USER’S GUIDE Main screen information fields.
Main screen status fields. • A Stat field reports the Management Card status.
network management card USER’S GUIDE For more information about the UPS status, see UPS Status; for more information about probe, contact, and output relay status, see Environment Menu.
Control Console Menus The control console dynamically expands to provide options that you use to manage a Management Card, its UPS, and other supported devices. If a device is not present, the control console will not display options for that device. For example: network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview • The control console at a Management Card that connects with an environmental monitor, only, will not provide UPS options.
Menu structure Some options access a new menu; other options allow you to change a setting. Menus that allow you to change a setting have an Accept Changes option which you must use before you exit a menu to save the changes you made. network management card USER’S GUIDE The menus in the control console list options by number and name. To use an option, type the option’s number and press ENTER, then follow any onscreen instructions.
Device Manager option This option accesses the Device Manager menu. This menu’s options allow you to select the device that you want to manage: The Environment option is only present when an environmental monitor is present. For an AP9618 or AP9619 Network Management Card, the Environment option accesses the menu options you use to configure the Integrated Environmental Monitor, as well as an external environmental monitor.
System option To do any of the following tasks, see System Menu: • Control Administrator and Device Manager access • Define the system Name, Contact, and Location values • Reboot the Management Card network management card USER’S GUIDE • Set the Date and Time used by the Management Card • Reset control console settings to their default values • Configure dial-in access to the control console at an AP9618 Network Management Card using the Management Card’s internal analog modem • Access system information
Web Interface Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview The Web interface provides options that you use to manage a Management Card, its UPS, and other supported devices (if a device is not present, the Web interface will not display options for that device). For example: • The Web interface at a Management Card that connects with an environmental monitor, only, will not provide UPS options.
Supported Web browsers Some Web interface features (data verification, Event Log, Data Log, and MD5 authentication) require that you enable the following for your Web browser: network management card USER’S GUIDE You can use Microsoft® Internet Explorer (IE) 5.0 (and higher) or Netscape® 4.0.8 (and higher) browsers to access the Management Card through its Web interface. • JavaScript • Java • Cookies For more information, see MD5 authentication (for the Web interface).
How to Log In You can use a Management Card’s DNS name or System IP address for the URL address of the Web interface. Use your case-sensitive User Name and Password settings to log in (by default, apc and apc, for an Administrator, or device and apc, for a Device Manager). network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview For information about the Web page that appears when you log into the Web interface, see Summary Page.
URL address formats If you get a “You are not authorized to view this page” error (Internet Explorer only), someone is logged into the Web interface or control console. If a “No Response” (Netscape) or “This page cannot be displayed” (Internet Explorer) error occurs, Web access may be disabled, or the Management Card may use a non-default Web-server port, and you did not include the correct port number in the address. For more information, see FTP Server, Telnet and Web.
Summary Page The following is an example of the navigation menu (see Navigation Menu) and “Summary” page that appear when you log into the Web interface at an AP9618 or AP9619 Management Card that has the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s output relay enabled (an AP9617 does not have an output relay). network management card USER’S GUIDE Example Web page The Relay OK entry in the Environment status line indicates that the output relay is enabled and that no alarm condition exists.
When the Management Card connects with a UPS, you can click the battery status icon in the quick status tab that appears in the upper-right corner of any Web interface page to access the “Summary” page. network management card USER’S GUIDE For more information about the help and status icons that can appear in the Web interface pages, see Quick status tab.
“Summary” page fields The “Summary” page has three sections: • The Environment section reports status information for any connected environmental monitor, including the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s output relay at an AP9618 or AP9619 Network Management Card. network management card USER’S GUIDE • The UPS section reports the status of a connected UPS.
Quick status tab Three types of icons can appear in the quick status tab in the upper-right corner of every Web interface page: • When a UPS is connected, a battery icon identifies the current status of the UPS and accesses the “Summary” page from any other page: network management card USER’S GUIDE • A question mark (?) provides access the online help for that page. The UPS is switched to bypass mode. The UPS is operating normally. The UPS is turned off. The UPS is overloaded.
Navigation Menu Overview • The Management Card’s IP address network management card USER’S GUIDE When you log into the Web interface as an Administrator, the navigation menu (left frame) includes the following elements: • A UPS menu which uses the UPS model for its name (Smart-UPS 700, in the example on Example Web page) • An Environment menu (if an environmental monitor is used) • An Events menu • A Data menu • A Network menu • A System menu When you log in as a Device Manager, the Network and System m
Events menu To do the following, see Event-Related Menus: • Access the Event Log • Configure the actions to be taken based on an event’s severity level • Define who will receive email notifications of events network management card USER’S GUIDE • Configure SNMP Trap Receiver settings for sending event-based traps Data menu To do the following, see Data Menu: • Access the Data Log • Define the log interval (how often data will be sampled and recorded) for the Data Log Network menu To do the following, s
System menu To do the following, see System Menu.
Links menu Provides three user-definable URL link options.
Network Menu Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview The Network menu has the options that you use to do the following tasks: • Define TCP/IP settings, including DHCP or BOOTP server settings, when one of those types of servers is used to provide the needed TCP/ IP values • Use the Ping utility • Define settings that affect the Management Card’s FTP, Telnet, Web interface, SNMP, Email, DNS, and Syslog features Only an Administrator has access to the Network menu.
Menu options Unless noted, the following menu options are available in the control console and Web interface: • TCP/IP • Send DNS Query (Web interface) network management card USER’S GUIDE • DNS • Ping utility (control console) • FTP Server, Telnet and Web • SNMP • Email • Syslog ® 38
Option Settings TCP/IP • A Boot mode setting selects the method used to define the three TCP/ IP values that a Management Card needs to operate on the network: network management card USER’S GUIDE This option accesses the following settings: – System IP: The IP address of the Management Card – Subnet Mask: The subnet mask value – Default Gateway: The IP address of the default gateway For information about the watchdog role the default gateway plays, see The role of the Default Gateway in resetting the n
Boot mode setting. This setting selects which method will be used to define the Management Card’s TCP/IP settings whenever the Management Card turns on, resets, or reboots: • DHCP only: A DHCP server provides the TCP/IP settings. network management card USER’S GUIDE • DHCP & BOOTP: The Management Card will attempt to get its TCP/IP settings from a BOOTP server, first, and then, if it cannot discover a BOOTP server, from a DHCP server. • BOOTP only: A BOOTP server provides the TCP/IP settings.
Advanced settings. The Boot mode affects which settings are available: • Two settings are available for all Boot mode selections to define the Management Card’s Host Name and Domain Name values.
Class to SY, while a Smart-UPS/Matrix-UPS module sets it to SUMX. – Retry Then Fail: Defines how many times the Management Card will attempt to discover a BOOTP server before it stops (4, by default). network management card USER’S GUIDE • Two settings are available when BOOTP only is the Boot mode selection: – On Retry Failure: Defines what TCP/IP settings will be used by the Management Card when it fails to discover a BOOTP server (Use Prior Settings, by default).
For more information about email, see Email Feature; for more information about the role of the DNS servers, see DNS servers. This option is only available through the DNS option in the Web interface. It allows you to have the Management Card send a DNS query that tests the setup of your DNS servers.
Ping utility (control console) By default, the default gateway IP address (see TCP/IP) is used. However, you can use the IP address of any device known to be running on the network. network management card USER’S GUIDE This option is only available in the control console. It allows you to use Ping, a network utility, to test the Management Card’s network connection by seeing if a defined IP address responds to the Ping utility.
SNMP For information about how to define the up to four NMSs which will serve as trap receivers, see Trap Receivers; for more information about how to use SNMP to manage a UPS or an environmental monitor, see the PowerNet® SNMP Management Information Base (MIB) Reference Guide on the APC Network Management Card utility CD (.\doc\mibguide.pdf). network management card USER’S GUIDE An Access option (the Settings option in the control console) enables (by default) or disables SNMP.
Setting Definition Access Type network management card USER’S GUIDE Selects how the NMS defined by the NMS IP setting can use the channel, when that NMS uses the correct Community Name. Read The NMS can use GETs at any time, but it can never use SETs. Write The NMS can use GETs at any time, and can use SETs when no one is logged into either the control console or Web interface. Write+ The NMS can use GETs and SETs at any time, even when someone is logged into the control console or Web interface.
Syslog network management card USER’S GUIDE By default, the Management Card can send messages to up to four Syslog servers whenever Management Card, environmental monitor, or UPS events occur. The Syslog servers, which must be specifically identified by their IP address, record the events in a log that provides a centralized record of events that occur at network devices. This user’s guide does not describe Syslog, or the Syslog configuration values, in detail.
Syslog Server Settings network management card USER’S GUIDE Server IP Port Uses specific IP addresses to Identify which of up to four servers will receive Syslog messages sent by the Management Card. Note: To use the Syslog feature, at least Server IP address must be defined for at least one server. Identifies the user datagram protocol (UDP) port that the Management Card will use to send Syslog messages. The default is 514, the number of the UDP port assigned to Syslog.
Syslog test (Web interface). This option allows you to send a test message to the Syslog servers configured in the Syslog Server section. 1. Select the Priority you want to assign to the test message. 3. Click Apply to have the Management Card send a Syslog message that uses the defined Priority and Test Message settings. network management card USER’S GUIDE 2. Define the Test Message using any text that meets the format described in Syslog message format below.
System Menu Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview The System menu has the options that you use to do the following tasks: • Configure system identification, date and time settings, and Administrator and Device Manager access • Synchronize the Management Card’s real-time clock with a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server • Download configuration files • Reset or reboot the Management Card • Define the URL links available in the Web interface • Access hardware and firmware information abo
Menu options Unless noted, the following menu options are available in the control console and Web interface: • User Manager • Date & Time network management card USER’S GUIDE • Identification • Tools • Modem (AP9618 control console) • Preferences (Web interface) • Links (Web interface) • About System The About System option is a Help menu option in the Web interface.
Option Settings Use this option to define the access values shared by the control console and the Web interface, and the authentication used to access the Web interface. network management card USER’S GUIDE User Manager Setting Definition Auto Logout Defines how much inactivity can occur, measured in minutes (3, by default), before a user is automatically logged out. Authentication The Basic setting (default) causes the Web interface to use standard HTTP 1.
Identification For more information about the MIB-II OIDs, see the PowerNet® SNMP Management Information Base (MIB) Reference Guide provided on the APC Network Management Card utility CD (./doc/mibguide.pdf). network management card USER’S GUIDE Use this option to define the System Name, Location, and Contact values used by the Management Card’s SNMP agent. The option’s settings provide the values used for the MIB-II sysName, sysContact, and sysLocation Object Identifications (OIDs).
Date & Time Set Manually. Use this option, which is called Manual in the control console, to set the Date and Time settings for the Management Card. network management card USER’S GUIDE Use this option to set the time and date used by the Management Card. The option displays the current settings, and allows you to change those settings manually, or through a Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server.
Tools network management card USER’S GUIDE Use this option to reboot the Management Card or to reset some or all of its configuration settings to their original, default values. Action Definition Reboot Card Restarts the Management Card. Resets all configuration settings. Reset Card to Defaults Note: For information about how this affects the Boot mode setting, see this table’s description of Reset Only TCP/IP to Defaults.
Preferences (Web interface) Use this option to define whether temperature values are displayed as Fahrenheit or Celsius in the Web interface and the control console. Use this option to modify the links to APC Web sites that the Web interface provides. network management card USER’S GUIDE Links (Web interface) Setting Definition User Links Name URL Defines the link names that appear in the Links menu (by default, APC’s Web Site, Testdrive Demo, and APC Monitoring).
Modem (AP9618 control console) network management card USER’S GUIDE Use this option, which is available in AP9618 Network Management Card’s control console only, to configure dial-in access to the control console using the Management Card’s internal analog modem. Setting Definition Console Dial-In Enables (by default) or disables dial-in access to the control console through the analog modem.
About System The hardware information will never change. For example, if you use an AP9168U upgrade kit to expand an AP9617 Network Management Card EX into an AP9618 Network Management Card EM/MDM, the About System option will still report AP9617 for that Management Card’s Model Number. network management card USER’S GUIDE This option identifies hardware information for the Management Card, including its Model Number, Serial Number, Manufacture Date, Hardware Revision, MAC Address, and Flash Type.
UPS Menu Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview In the Web interface, the UPS menu appears in the navigation menu; in the control console, you access the UPS menu through the Device Manager option in the Control Console menu. UPS menu options The UPS menu options, and the information provided by those options, vary by UPS model. In addition, there are differences between the UPS menu in the control console and the UPS menu in the Web interface.
UPS Status Overview • Detailed UPS Status network management card USER’S GUIDE The Status options provide access to the information described in the following sections: • Utility Voltage Status • Output Power Status • Fault Tolerance (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) • Battery No description is provided for the self-explanatory About UPS status fields.
Detailed UPS Status • The current status of the UPS (for information about how to access a list of the UPS events that can be reported as part of the UPS status, see “Event List” page) network management card USER’S GUIDE In the Web interface, you use the Status option in the UPS menu to access the following UPS status information; in the control console, this status information is listed above the UPS menu.
Utility Voltage Status A 3-phase UPS (Symmetra 3-Phase UPS or Silcon UPS) identifies the values for all three phases. network management card USER’S GUIDE The following table uses footnotes to indicate which utility-voltage fields are shared by which UPS models (if no footnote is used, all UPS models report that value). Status Field Definition Bypass Input Voltage1 Identifies the AC voltage (VAC) used when the UPS is in bypass mode.
Output Power Status A 3-phase UPS (Symmetra 3-Phase UPS or Silcon UPS) identifies the values for all three phases. network management card USER’S GUIDE The following table uses footnotes to indicate which output-power fields are shared by which UPS models (only the status field, Output Voltage, is shared by all UPS models). Status Field Definition Load Current1 Identifies the current, in Amps, supplied by the output voltage. Load Power2 Identifies the UPS load as a percentage of available Watts.
Status Field Definition 7 Identifies the load placed on each phase by the attached equipment, expressed as a percentage of the VA available with no redundancy. n+17 Identifies the load placed on each phase by the attached equipment, expressed as a percentage of the VA available with the identified redundancy. Output VA at n+0 network management card USER’S GUIDE Output VA at Output Voltage Identifies the AC voltage the UPS is providing to its load.
Fault Tolerance (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) In the control console, you use the Detailed UPS Information option to access the fault tolerance status. network management card USER’S GUIDE Two fault-tolerance fields are available for Symmetra and Symmetra 3Phase UPS models. Status Field Definition Present KVA Capacity Identifies the maximum load that the Symmetra can support.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Status Field Definition Battery Voltage3, Actual Battery Voltage2, or Actual Battery Bus Voltage4 Identifies the available DC power. Calibration Date1 Identifies when the last runtime calibration was performed. Calibration Result1 Identifies the result of the last runtime calibration. Nominal Battery Voltage5 Identifies the basic voltage range that the battery needs to supply when the UPS uses its battery for output power.
UPS Diagnostics Overview • Options which cause a specified test to occur immediately network management card USER’S GUIDE There are two types of diagnostics options you can use with all UPS models except a Silcon UPS, which has no diagnostic options: • A scheduling option which controls when a UPS self-test occurs Diagnostics In the Web interface, you use this UPS menu option when you want to perform diagnostic tests, or view status information that is based on the results of the last self-test or runt
In the Web interface, the “Diagnostics” page reports the results of the last self-test and last runtime calibration; In the control console, you can use a Detailed Status (all Smart-UPS or Matrix-UPS models) or Detailed UPS Information (Symmetra or Silcon UPS models) option to access these results. network management card USER’S GUIDE Smart-UPS, Matrix-UPS, or Symmetra UPS. You can use diagnostics options to perform the following tests. Test Definition Self-Test Causes the UPS to perform a self-test.
Scheduled UPS self-tests In the Web interface, this option is located on the same page as the diagnostic test options. In the control console, the location of this option depends on the type of UPS: network management card USER’S GUIDE A scheduling option allows you to control when a UPS self-test occurs. The available selections are Never, UPS Startup, Every 7 Days, or Every 14 Days. • Symmetra and Symmetra 3-Phase UPS models have a Scheduled Tests option in the UPS menu.
UPS Control By default, no control options are available for Silcon UPS until you enable the Accept Remote Turn Off Commands option (disabled by default) in the control console’s UPS Control menu. network management card USER’S GUIDE The options described in the following table are available to all UPS models, except the Silcon UPS.
Action Definition Turn UPS Off Gracefully 1 Turns off power after two delays: a delay (Maximum Shutdown Time plus two minutes) that allows time for PowerChute to safely shut down its server, and the Shutdown Delay.
UPS Configuration Overview • Utility Line Settings network management card USER’S GUIDE The UPS menu’s Configuration option provides access to the configurable parameters described in the following sections: • Alarm Thresholds (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) • Shutdown Parameters • General Settings • Reset UPS Defaults • Configure the Multiple/Parallel UPS IP Address and Monitor Name (Silcon UPS only) ® 72
Utility Line Settings Smart-UPS or Matrix-UPS. Not all Utility Line settings are available for all Smart-UPS and Matrix-UPS models, and each setting’s selections can differ from UPS-to-UPS. network management card USER’S GUIDE This Configuration menu option is available to all UPS models except a Silcon UPS. The available settings differ based on the UPS model. Setting Definition Output Voltage Defines the nominal AC voltage level for the UPS output.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS. The following table describes the Utility Line settings for a Symmetra. A Symmetra 3-Phase UPS uses the Output Frequency Range and If UPS fails settings only. Setting Definition Output Voltage Defines the nominal AC voltage level for the UPS output. Vout Reporting Defines how the UPS scales its output voltage readings. Output Frequency Range Defines the nominal value for the frequency used by the output voltage.
Shutdown Parameters network management card USER’S GUIDE All of the following settings are available with Smart-UPS, Matrix-UPS, Symmetra, and Symmetra 3-Phase UPS models. The Shutdown Behavior Settings for a Silcon UPS uses only the Low-Battery Duration, Maximum Shutdown Time, and Shutdown Delay settings. In the control console, you use the Battery option in the Configuration menu to access the Return Battery Capacity setting.
Action Definition network management card USER’S GUIDE Return Delay Sleep Time Defines how long a UPS must wait before it turns on after a shutdown that was caused by a power failure. Note: The UPS must also have the capacity specified by the Return Battery Capacity setting before it can turn on. Defines how long the UPS will sleep (stay turned off) when you use either one of the Control menu’s sleep options (Put UPS To Sleep or Put UPS To Sleep Gracefully).
Reset UPS Defaults This option allows you to reset the UPS to use the default EEPROM values. network management card USER’S GUIDE Caution Before you use this option, make sure that resetting the EEPROM values will not adversely affect the load equipment or any shutdown sequence. Configure the Multiple/Parallel UPS IP Address and Monitor Name (Silcon UPS only) This option is only available in the Web interface.
Module Status (Symmetra or Symmetra 3-Phase UPS) Symmetra UPS models have a Module Status option in the Web interface that provides access to status information about the modules used at that UPS; Symmetra and Symmetra 3-Phase UPS models have a Module Diagnostics & Information option in the control console’s UPS menu that provides access to module status, as well as to Raw Status Data fields that provide diagnostics information about those modules.
PowerChute® (UPS PowerChute network shutdown) The UPS menu in the Web interface has a PowerChute® option that allows you to use the APC PowerChute network shutdown utility to shut down up to 50 servers on your network that are using any client-version of PowerChute network shutdown. network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview For more information about PowerChute network shutdown, see the PowerChute® network shutdown Installation Guide (Install.
Parameters The following table describes the PowerChute network shutdown parameters. network management card USER’S GUIDE Parameter Maximum Shutdown Time Shutdown Behavior Definition Defines the maximum time that the UPS at a PowerChute network shutdown client will wait before it shuts down in response to a graceful turn-off command. NOTE:For information about this shutdown delay is determined, see Maximum-Shutdown-Time negotiation.
Maximum-Shutdown-Time negotiation For information about the Turn UPS Off Gracefully, Reboot UPS Gracefully, and Put UPS To Sleep Gracefully options that use this delay, see UPS Control. network management card USER’S GUIDE The Maximum Shutdown Time setting provides the delay needed to make sure that a server will have enough time to shut down safely when a graceful shutdown is initiated by the Management Card or by PowerChute network shutdown client at the server.
network management card USER’S GUIDE For example, if 3 minutes was the Maximum Shutdown Time setting determined during the last negotiation process, and a new server has been added to the Configured Client IP Addresses list that requires a 4-minute shutdown delay, 4 minutes will be the Maximum Shutdown Time setting at the end of the new negotiation process. Conversely, if none of the servers need more than a 2-minute delay, 2 minutes will be the Maximum Shutdown Time setting.
Scheduling (UPS Shutdown) Overview For more information about how to use this option, see the following sections: network management card USER’S GUIDE The following graphic provides examples of Daily, Weekly, and One-Time shutdowns that were scheduled using this Web interface-only option.
How to Schedule a Shutdown The fields used to schedule a shutdown are essentially the same whether you click the Daily, Weekly, or One-Time option. 2. Use Shutdown to identify when the shutdown will begin. network management card USER’S GUIDE 1. Use Name of Scheduled Shutdown to identify a name for the shutdown. 3. Use Turn back on to define whether the UPS will turn on at a specific day and time, Never (the UPS will be turned on manually), or Immediately (the UPS will turn on after a six-minute delay).
Environment Menu Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview In the Web interface, you manage the external environmental monitor, as well as the Integrated Environmental Monitor at an AP9618 or AP9619 Network Management Card, through the Environment menu that appears in the navigation menu. In the control console, you access the Environment menu option through the Device Manager option in the Control Console menu.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Each of the control console’s Environmental Monitor Settings menus has an About Environmental Monitor option that accesses firmware information for these environmental monitors; the Web interface provides this firmware information in the “Environmental Monitor Status” page.
Status Options In the Web interface, basic status information about the environmental monitor thresholds and contacts, as well as the Integrated Environmental Monitor’s output relay at an AP9618 or AP9619 Network Management Card, is displayed in the “Summary” page.
Probe status network management card USER’S GUIDE The Web interface uses Temperature and Humidity graphs to identify whether the reported value exceeds a low (blue) or high (red) threshold for each of the identified probes: up to two probes at an AP9617 Network Management Card; up to three probes at an AP9618 or AP9619, with the Integrated Environmental Monitor probe listed last.
Settings Options In the Web interface, the Probes option in the Environment menu to access Setting fields that define a Probe Name (16-character maximum), and high and low temperature and humidity thresholds, for each probe, and Event Generation fields that Enable or Disable the generation of an event when a selected threshold violation occurs.
Setting network management card USER’S GUIDE Output Relay Switch When Delay Hold Definition Defines a description that identifies the output relay’s purpose (16-character maximum). Note: This is the Relay Name setting in the control console. Unless Disabled, selects the event that will activate the output relay. Note: This is the Switch Relay When setting in the control console. Defines how long the Switch When event must be present, in seconds, before the output relay will activate.
Event-Related Menus Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview The Events menu provides access to the options that you use to do the following tasks: • Access the Event Log. • Define the actions to be taken when an event occurs, based on the severity level of that event.
Menu options • You use the Email option in the Network menu to define the SMTP server and email recipients network management card USER’S GUIDE In the Web interface, all of the events options are accessed through the Events menu.
Event Log The Management Card supports an event logging capability for all UPS application firmware modules. This allows you to record and view UPS, environmental monitor, and Management Card events.
By default, any event which causes an SNMP trap will be logged, except for SNMP authentication failures. Additionally, the Management Card will log its abnormal internal system events. However, you can use the Actions option in the Web interface’s Events menu to disable the logging of events based on their assigned severity level, as described in Event Actions (Web Interface only). network management card USER’S GUIDE Logged events Some System (Management Card) events do not have a severity level.
Control console network management card USER’S GUIDE When logged on at the control console, you can press CTRL-L to display up to 300 events from the Event Log, with the most recent events displayed first. You use the SPACE BAR, as many times as necessary, to view the recorded events. While viewing the log, you can type d and press ENTER to clear all events from the log. After events are deleted, they cannot be retrieved.
1. At a command prompt, type ftp and the Management Card’s IP address, and press ENTER. If the Port setting for FTP Server in the Network menu has changed from its default value (21), you must use the non-default value in the FTP command. For some FTP clients, you would use a colon to add the port number to the end of the IP address. For Windows FTP clients, you would use the following command (including spaces): network management card USER’S GUIDE To use FTP to retrieve the event.txt or data.
Event Actions (Web Interface only) Overview • You can select which actions will occur for events that have a specified severity level: network management card USER’S GUIDE The Actions option is available only in the Web interface’s Events menu. This option allows you to do the following: – Event Log selects which severity levels will cause an event to be recorded in the Event Log. For more information about this action, see Event Log action.
Severity levels • Informational: Indicates an event that requires no action, such as a notification of a return from an abnormal condition. network management card USER’S GUIDE With the exception of some Management Card (System) events that do not have a severity level assigned, events are assigned a default severity level based on the seriousness of the event. • Warning: Indicates an event that may need to be addressed should the condition continue, but which does not require immediate attention.
Syslog action By default, the Syslog action is enabled for all events that have a severity level assigned. However, before you can use send Syslog messages when events occur, you must configure this feature. network management card USER’S GUIDE For information about how to configure the Syslog feature, see Syslog. SNMP Traps action By default, the SNMP Traps action is enabled for all events that have a severity level assigned.
Event Recipients The Web interface and control console both have options that allow you to define the trap receivers and up to four email addresses to be used when an event occurs that has the SNMP traps or email enabled, as described in Event Actions (Web Interface only). network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview For information about how to identify the servers that will receive Syslog messages, see Syslog.
Trap Receivers In the control console, these settings are accessed through the SNMP option in the Network menu. network management card USER’S GUIDE The Trap Receiver settings allow you to define which of up to four specific NMSs will be sent traps. Item Definition Community Name This setting defines the password (maximum of 15 characters) used when traps are sent to the NMS identified by the Receiver NMS IP setting. Receiver NMS IP Identifies the NMS that will be sent traps by its IP address.
Email Feature Overview To use the Email feature, you must define the following settings: network management card USER’S GUIDE You can use the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) to send email to up to four recipients when an event occurs.
DNS servers The Management Card will wait a maximum of 15 seconds for a response from both the primary and secondary DNS servers. If the Management Card does not get a response within that time, email cannot be sent. Therefore, use DNS servers that are on the same segment as the Management Card, or on a nearby segment (but not across a WAN).
Email Recipients In the Web interface, use the Email Test option, which is located directly below the Email Recipients settings, to send a test message to any defined (and enabled) email recipient. network management card USER’S GUIDE In the Web interface, the Recipients option in the Web interface’s Events menu, or the Configure the Email recipients link in the “Email Configuration” page, accesses the settings you use to identify up to four email recipients.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Setting Description Format Selects the format used for email messages: Short: Identifies only the event that occurred. For example: UPS: Communications Established Long: Includes information about the Management Card and the UPS, as well as the event. For example: Name : Writer1 Location : JKing Contact : User Ed Department http://xxx.xxx.xx.
• The Management Card will attempt to make a connection with the selected server for up to 60 seconds. If the SMTP server does not respond within that 60 seconds, the email will not be sent. Therefore, there is a higher probability that the Management Card will be able to connect to a local SMTP server than one across the Internet. This is especially true when the remote SMTP server is handling large amounts of traffic, like AOL or MSN.
How to Configure Individual Events The Actions option in the Events menu opens the “Event Actions Configuration” page. You use the Details button in this page to access a complete list of the Management Card (System), UPS, and environmental monitor (Environment) events that can be reported by your Management Card. network management card USER’S GUIDE “Event List” page Each event is identified by its unique code, its description, and its assigned severity level, as shown in the following examples.
Data Menu Use this option to access a log that stores information about the UPS, the power input to that UPS, and information about the ambient temperature and relative humidity measured by an environmental monitor’s probes. network management card USER’S GUIDE Log Option The information in the Data Log is sampled and stored based on the log interval defined by the Data menu’s Configuration Option. Each entry is listed by the date and time the data was recorded, and provides the data in a column format.
Use this option to access the “Data Log Configuration” page. This page reports how much data can be stored in the Data Log based on the Log Interval setting which defines how often data will be sampled and recorded in the Data Log. If you change the Log Interval, the report updates to reflect the effect of the new setting. network management card USER’S GUIDE Configuration Option The minimum interval is 60 seconds; the maximum interval is 65,535 seconds.
Boot Mode Introduction network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview In addition to using a BOOTP server or manual settings, the Network Management Card can use a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server to provide the settings the Management Card needs to operate on a TCP/IP network. The method used to provide the Management Card’s network settings depends on Boot mode, a TCP/IP option in the Network menu.
DHCP & BOOTP boot process 1. The Management Card makes up to five requests for its network assignment from any BOOTP server. If a valid BOOTP response is received to one of those requests, the Management Card starts the network services and sets Boot mode to BOOTP Only. network management card USER’S GUIDE When Boot mode is set to its default, DHCP & BOOTP setting, the following occurs when the Management Card is turned on or reset: 2.
network management card USER’S GUIDE If a DHCP server responds with an invalid offer (for example, the offer does not contain the APC Cookie), then the Management Card will accept the lease from that server on the last request of the sequence and then immediately release that lease. This prevents the DHCP server from reserving the IP Address associated with its invalid offer for the Management Card. For more information on what a valid response requires, see DHCP response options.
DHCP Configuration Settings The TCP/IP option in the Network menu, in both the Web interface and the control console, accesses the Management Card settings that affect how the Management Card’s network settings are assigned.
The DHCP Cookie Is setting is also available when Boot mode is set to DHCP Only, along with a Retry Then Stop setting (Maximum # of Retries in the Web interface), which, by default (0 in the Web interface, None in the control console), requires that the Management Card continuously send out DHCP requests until a valid DHCP response is received. network management card USER’S GUIDE For more information about the APC cookie, see DHCP response options.
DHCP response options A Management Card uses the Vendor Specific Information option (option 43) in a DHCP response to determine whether the DHCP response is valid. network management card USER’S GUIDE Each valid DHCP response contains options which provide the TCP/IP settings that a Management Card needs to operate on a network, as well as other information that affect the Management Card’s operation. Vendor Specific Information (option 43).
Boot Mode Transition. Tag 2, Len 1, Data 1/2 • For a data value of 1, the After IP Assignment option is disabled, and the Boot mode option remains in its DHCP & BOOTP setting after successful Network Assignment. Whenever the Management Card reboots, it will request its network assignment first from a BOOTP server, and then, if necessary, from a DHCP server, as described in DHCP & BOOTP boot process.
TCP/IP options. A Management Card uses the following options within a valid DHCP response to define its TCP/IP settings: • Subnet Mask (option 1): Provides the Subnet Mask value needed by the Management Card to operate on the network. network management card USER’S GUIDE • IP Address (from the yiaddr field of the DHCP response): Provides the IP address that the DHCP server is leasing to the Management Card.
Miscellaneous options. A Management Card uses the following options within a valid DHCP response to define NTP, DNS, hostname and domain name settings: • NTP Time Offset (option 2): Specifies the offset of the Management Card's subnet, in seconds, from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). network management card USER’S GUIDE • NTP Server, Primary and Secondary (option 42): Identifies up to two NTP servers that can be used by the Management Card.
Security Planning and implementing security features network management card USER’S GUIDE Security Features As a network device that passes information across the network, the Network Management Card is subject to the same exposure as other devices on the network. Use the information in this section to plan and implement the security features appropriate for your environment.
Summary of access methods network management card USER’S GUIDE Interface Security Access Notes Serial Control Console Access is by user name and password. Always enabled. Telnet Control Console These methods are available: • User name and password • Selectable server port • Server Enable/Disable The user name and password are transmitted as plain text.
Authentication The Network Management Card controls access by providing basic authentication through user names, passwords, and IP addresses, but provides no type of encryption. These basic security features are sufficient for most environments, in which sensitive data is not being transferred.
MD5 authentication (for the Web interface) • The Web server requests a user name and a password phrase (distinct from the password). The user name and password phrase are not transmitted over the network, as they are in basic authentication. Instead, a Java login applet combines the user name, password phrase, and a unique session challenge number to calculate an MD5 hash number.
Firewalls network management card USER’S GUIDE Although some methods of authentication provide a higher level of security than others, complete protection from security breaches is almost impossible to achieve. Well-configured firewalls are an essential element in an overall security scheme.
Troubleshooting Management Card network management card USER’S GUIDE Management Card access problems The following table describes problems that are related to network or other access to the Management Card. If you are experiencing a problem that is not described in this table, or in the table in SNMP issues, review the troubleshooting flowcharts on the APC Network Management Card utility CD (.\trouble\). If you still cannot resolve the problem, see Warranty and Service.
network management card USER’S GUIDE Problem Solution PowerChute reports a constantly or frequently reports “Unable to Communicate with UPS” See How to Correct Communication Lost Problems. The terminal program reports that it cannot allocate the comm port when you try to configure the Management Card You must shut down PowerChute before you can use a terminal to configure the Management Card.
SNMP issues network management card USER’S GUIDE The following table describes known SNMP problems. Problem Solution Unable to perform a GET • Verify the read (GET) community name. • Use the control console or Web interface to ensure that the NMS has access. See SNMP. Unable to perform a SET • Verify the read/write (SET) community name. • Use the control console or Web interface to ensure that the NMS has write (SET) access. See SNMP.
How to Correct Communication Lost Problems PowerChute may constantly or frequently report an Unable to Communicate with UPS condition when PowerChute and the Management Card have been installed together on a UPS. network management card USER’S GUIDE Overview Constant Unable to Communicate Problem 1. Ensure that the cable between the computer and the UPS (or the expansion chassis) is securely connected at both ends. 2.
Intermittent Unable to Communicate Problem 2. If the problem persisted, see your PowerChute documentation to remove, and then reinstall, PowerChute. If the problem continues, see APC Worldwide Customer Support for information about how to contact APC for technical support. network management card USER’S GUIDE 1. To eliminate an interrupt request (IRQ) conflict, the most likely cause of the problem, disconnect (or remove) the Management Card from the UPS and restart PowerChute.
Product Information Limited warranty network management card USER’S GUIDE Warranty and Service APC warrants the Network Management Card to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of purchase. Its obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing, at its own sole option, any such defective products.
Warranty limitations network management card USER’S GUIDE Except as provided herein, APC makes no warranties, express or implied, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Some jurisdictions do not permit limitation or exclusion of implied warranties; therefore, the aforesaid limitation(s) or exclusion(s) may not apply to the purchaser.
Obtaining service To obtain support for problems with your Network Management Card: 0 2. Contact Customer Support at a phone number on the back cover of this document. A technician will try to help you solve the problem by phone. network management card USER’S GUIDE 1. Note the serial number and date of purchase. 3. If you must return the product, the technician will give you a return material authorization (RMA) number. If the warranty expired, you will be charged for repair or replacement. 4.
Specifications Electrical network management card USER’S GUIDE The following table identifies the electrical specifications. Item Specification Acceptable input voltage 19-30 VDC Maximum total current draw 110 mA Physical The following table identifies the physical specifications. Item Specification Size (H × W × D) 1.46 x 4.75 x 4.3 in (3.7 x 12.1 x 10.9 cm) Weight .25 lb (.11 kg) Shipping weight .8 lb (.
Index Apply Local Computer Time 54 Audible Alarm 76 About System 35 Authentication Access MD5 121 FTP, Telnet, and Web interface 44 Phrase 52 limiting NMS SNMP access by IP address 45 SNMP Traps 101 security options for each interface 119 User Manager setting in the control console troubleshooting 125 52 Access Type setting 46 Auto Logout 52 Actions 97 B Actual Battery Bus Voltage 66 Battery Voltage 66 Capacity 65 Add Client IP 80 Current 65 Advanced settings Voltage 66 Client ID 41, 113 Battery status Doma
After IP Assignment setting 113 Boot mode settings 40 BOOTP only Boot mode setting 40 Communication Device Manager menu 23 Control console External and Internal Environmental Monitor Settings options 85 main screen 17 navigating menus 22 refreshing menus 22 security access 119 DHCP & BOOTP boot process 111 Remain in DHCP & BOOTP mode setting 113 Control menu Put UPS In Bypass 71 Status Led indication for making BOOTP rePut UPS To Sleep 71 quests 10 Put UPS To Sleep Gracefully 71 BOOTP/DHCP Reboot UPS 71
Update Interval 54 defining DNS address 42 Domain Name Server (DNS) 42 Domain Name setting 41, 113 Detailed Status 61 UPS Information 61 E Electrical specifications 132 Email configuring 102, 106 After IP Assignment setting 113 APC cookie 115 Boot mode settings 40 CHCP only Boot mode setting 40 Communication network management card USER’S GUIDE Device Manager menu 59 Control Console 23 Utility Voltage Status 62 DHCP enabled by default for severe events 99 enabling and disabling 104 Events menu optio
G General Settings 76 Audible Alarm 76 External Batteries 76 Last Battery Replacement 76 UPS Name 76 using Ctrl-L to display the log in control console 95 using FTP delete command 96 using FTP to retrieve 95 network management card USER’S GUIDE Web interface status report 25, 29, 31, 87 Environmental Monitor Settings options in the control console 85 Error messages 28 Event Log 98 accessing 22 deleting by typing d in control console 95 disabling 98 Generation 104 GET commands, troubleshooting 126 GMT O
of trap receivers 101 to limit access to specified NMSs 45 L Last Battery Replacement 76 Links redirecting user-definable links 36, 56 Current 63 Power 63 network management card USER’S GUIDE Load Local SMTP Server 104 Location 53 Log option Events 94 Logging on error messages for Web interface 28 Web interface 27 Login date and time control console 18 Web interface 31 Low Transfer Voltage 73 Low-Battery Duration 75 M PowerChute network shutdown 80, 81 Shutdown Parameters 75 Maximum-Shutdown-Time ne
Nominal Battery Voltage 66 NTP 54 Number of Bad Batteries 66 External Batteries 66 On Retry Failure setting 42 Operating Frequency field (control console) 62, 63 OS, APC 35 Output Current 63 Frequency 63 Frequency Range 74 kVA 63 Power 63 Power Percentage 63 VA at n+0 64 VA at n+1 64 Voltage 64, 73, 74 Watts at n+0 64 Watts at n+1 64 Output Power Status Load Current 63 Load Power 63 Output Current 63 Output Frequency 63 Output kVA 63 Output Power 63 Output Power Percentage 63 Output VA at n+0 64 Output VA
Diagnostics menu option 68 Result 66 Send DNS Query 43 Put UPS Sensitivity 73 In Bypass 71 SET commands, Troubleshooting 126 To Sleep 71 Set Manually 54 To Sleep Gracefully 71 Severity levels (of Events) Informational 98 R None 98 Read access by an NMS 46 Severe 98 Reboot Warning 98 Card 55 Shutdown preventing automated reboot for inactivity 12 Behavior 80 UPS 71 Delay 75 UPS Gracefully 71 Shutdown Parameters 75 Receiver NMS IP 101 Low-Battery Duration 75 Recipient’s SMTP Server 104 Maximum Shutdown Time 7
network management card USER’S GUIDE Specifications 132 electrical 132 physical 132 Start/Stop Runtime Calibration 68 Status in detail 61 in Web interface 31 on control console main screen 19 summary 29, 61 UPS menu option 61 Status icons in the Web interface 32 Supported browsers 17 Synchronize with NTP Server 54 Syslog enabled by default for all events 99 Facility setting 47 System Coldstart event 81 information, obtaining 35 Name 53 Warmstart event 81 System Menu 50 System menu About System option (con
Auto Logout 52 Password 52 User Name 52 User Name default for Administrator account 27 default for Device Manager account 27 User Manager access 52 Utility Line Settings Turn UPS Off 70 network management card USER’S GUIDE inability to perform SETs 126 inability to receive traps 126 proxy server problems 26 SNMP problems 126 Traps, not identified 126 Unable to Communicate with UPS 127, 128 using flowcharts on the utility CD-ROM 124 verification checklist 124 High Transfer Voltage 73 If UPS fails 74 L
Up Time 31 URL address formats 28 Web option, Network menu 44 X network management card USER’S GUIDE XMODEM 55 ® 142
Customer support for this or any other APC product is available at no charge in any of the following ways: • Visit the APC Web site to find answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs), to access documents in the APC Knowledge Base, and to submit customer support requests. – www.apc.
Entire contents copyright © 2003 American Power Conversion. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. APC, the APC logo, Smart-UPS, Matrix-UPS, Symmetra, Silcon, PowerNet, and PowerChute are trademarks of American Power Conversion Corporation and may be registered in some jurisdictions. All other trademarks, product names, and corporate names are the property of their respective owners and are used for informational purposes only.
