Operating instructions

differential backup Similar to an incremental backup. Backs up the files that
have been changed since the last backup. This type of backup does not change
the state of the archive bit.
digitally signed driver All drivers designed specifically for Windows 2000
and Windows XP are digitally signed, meaning they are tested to work stably
with these operating systems.
DIMM (dual inline memory module) A 32- or 64-bit type of DRAM packag
-
ing, similar to SIMMs, with the distinction that each side of each tab inserted
into the system performs a separate function. DIMMs come in a variety of sizes,
with 184- and 240-pin being the most common on desktop computers.
DIPP (dual inline pin package) An early type of RAM package that featured
two rows of exposed connecting pins; very fragile and difficult to install. DIPPs
were replaced first with SIPPs and later with SIMMs and DIMMs.
DIR command A command used in the command-line interface that displays
the entire contents of the current working directory.
directory Another name for a folder.
DirectX A set of APIs enabling programs to control multimedia, such as
sound, video, and graphics. Used in Windows Vista to draw the Aero desktop.
disk cache A piece of DRAM, often integrated into a disk drive, that is used
to store frequently accessed data in order to speed up access times.
Disk Cleanup A series of utilities, built into Windows, that can help a user
clean up their disks by removing temporary Internet files, deleting unused pro
-
gram files, and more.
disk drive controller The circuitry that controls the physical operations of
the floppy disks and/or hard disks connected to a computer.
Disk Management A snap-in available with the Microsoft Management
Console that allows a user to configure the various disks installed in a system;
available from the Administrative Tools area of the Control Panel.
disk mirroring Process by which data is written simultaneously to two or
more disk drives. Read and write speed is decreased but redundancy in case of
catastrophe is increased.
GLOSSARY 21
Passport / Mike Meyers‘ A+ Certification Passport / Meyers / 226308-3 / Glossary
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