Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations Publication # 31684 Revision: 3.
© 2004 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this document are provided in connection with Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (“AMD”) products. AMD makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice.
1684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Contents Revision History ...............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key Architectural Features...................................9 1.1 The AMD64 Architecture..................................................................................................9 1.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Appendix A AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based System Build Procedure .......................... 41 Appendix B AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor FAQs .....................................................................
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations List of Figures Figure 1. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Architecture ........................................................................9 Figure 2. AMD Athlon 64 Processor-in-a-Box................................................................................11 Figure 3. AMD Athlon 64 FX Processor-in-a-Box .........................................................................12 Figure 4.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 List of Tables Table 1. Power Worksheet 1—Component Power ......................................................................... 27 Table 2. Power Worksheet 2—Total Watts..................................................................................... 28 Table 3. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Series ................................................................................. 29 Table 4.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Revision History Date Revision September 2004 3.00 Description Initial public release.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 8 Revision History 31684 Rev. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Chapter 1 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key Architectural Features The key architectural features of an AMD Athlon™ 64 processor-based system include AMD64 architecture, integrated DDR DRAM memory controller, HyperTransport™ technology, and many other features. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the AMD Athlon 64 processor architecture. Figure 1. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Architecture 1.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 1.2 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Integrated DDR DRAM Memory Controller The 64-/128-bit wide integrated DDR DRAM memory controller: • • • changes the way the processor accesses main memory, resulting in increased bandwidth, reduced memory latencies, and increased processor performance.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Chapter 2 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-in-a-Box The best solution for System Builders and Resellers manufacturing pedestal platforms is the processor-in-a-box (PIB) from AMD. The PIB is available now in a new retail box. The AMD PIB is covered by a three-year limited warranty. Figure 2 shows the new AMD Athlon™ 64 processor PIB retail box. Figure 2.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Figure 3 shows the new AMD Athlon 64 FX processor PIB retail box. Figure 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Chapter 3 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Heatsink Installation This chapter contains instructions for the installation of the AMD Athlon™ 64 processor heatsink. The AMD Athlon 64 processor heatsink requires the retention frame and the backplate to be attached to the motherboard. If the retention frame and backplate are already attached to the motherboard, proceed to step 10.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Figure 5. Backplate Release Liner 3. Gently lift the motherboard by the edges over the backplate. 4. Align the two threaded standoffs on the backplate with the two mounting holes near the socket on the motherboard. (See Figure 6.) Figure 6. Motherboard Placed Over Backplate 5.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Figure 7. Ensure Proper Contact Between Backplate and Motherboard Note: The processor socket may be different from the socket pictured in Figure 7, depending on the version of the AMD Athlon 64 processor being used. 7. Carefully place the retention frame on the motherboard. 8. The screw holes must align with the backplate standoffs. (See Figure 8.) Figure 8.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Figure 9. Tightening Down the Retention Frame 10. Lift the socket locking-lever. (Gently pull it away from the socket body, and then lift up.) Warning: Do not apply voltage until the heatsink is fully installed. If voltage is applied before the heatsink is fully installed, the processor will overheat and failure will result. 11.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Figure 11. Pushing Gently Down on the Processor 13. Inspect the thermal interface material on the bottom of the heatsink for scratches or gaps. The heatsink has a thermal interface material pre-applied on the bottom. This material is protected by a plastic cover. (See Figure 12.) Do not use the thermal interface material if it has scratches or gaps.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Figure 13. Heatsink Centered Over Processor 16. Hook the spring clip under the cam lever to the mounting lug on the retention frame. Some force may need to be applied. Figure 14. Heatsink Spring Clip 17. Ensure the spring clip is aligned with the plastic lug on the retention frame. 18. Carefully push straight down on the clip. (See Figure 15 on page 19.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Figure 15. Pushing Straight Down on the Clip The spring clip must be installed as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 19. Carefully turn the cam lever to its installed position. (See Figure 17.) Figure 17. Turning the Cam Lever 20. Ensure the cam lever is fully rotated to the installed position. (See Figure 18.) Figure 18.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations 21. Connect the fan power lead to the proper connector on the motherboard. Figure 19 shows an installed heatsink. Figure 19. Installed Heatsink 22. Check the installation completely to make sure the heatsink is installed correctly before starting the system. 23. Power-on the system. 24. Verify immediately that the fan on the processor heatsink is turning at a rapid rate.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 22 Heatsink Installation 31684 Rev. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Chapter 4 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Hardware Considerations AMD frequently updates its list of motherboard solutions. For the most up-to-date list of providers, please visit our Web site. http://www2.amd.com/us-en/Processors/DevelopWithAMD/1,,30_2252_869_9460^9461,00.html?1081352043 In EMEA, for the most up-to-date list of providers, please visit our Web site. http://www2.amd.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 4.1.2 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Basic Chassis Selection Guidelines The following are some basic guidelines to aid in finding an enclosure with adequate cooling capability: • • • • • • • • • Use 80 mm fans or larger. Choose a chassis with a fan in the back that is in addition to the processor fan. Cables inside the enclosure can cause airflow disruptions.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Figure 20. Desirable Airflow—Power Supply with Bottom Inlet Figure 21 shows undesirable airflow through a chassis. Undesirable configurations use a frontinlet power supply. Figure 21.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 4.2 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Power Supply Guidelines AMD Athlon 64 processor-based motherboards may be designed to leverage industry standard power supplies. The selection of the proper system-power supply is a critical element to the success of the finished system.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Table 1. Power Worksheet 1—Component Power Device Item Qty Maximum Current at Each Voltage Level +3.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Table 2. Power Worksheet 2—Total Watts Voltage Level and Total Current (V x A = W) Total Watts for Each Voltage Level +3.3 V x (total amps) Total Watts for +3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 4.4 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Memory Guidelines for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Systems AMD Athlon 64 processor-based platforms may be designed to leverage industry standard DDR registered DIMMs and unbuffered DIMMs, depending on processor type and motherboard design. An independent testing company, Computer Memory Test Labs (CMTL), has conducted memory compatibility testing.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Table 3.
684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Table 3. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Series (Continued) AMD Athlon™ 64 FX (939-Pin or 940-Pin) Processor Series AMD Athlon™ 64 (939-Pin) Processor AMD Athlon™ 64 (754-Pin) Processor L1/L2 data cache protection ECC ECC ECC L1/L2 instruction cache protection Parity Parity Parity Note: The different pin-count packages have different footprints. 940-Pin Footprint 4.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Refer to the AMD-8151 graphics tunnel product brief and to the Preliminary AMD-8151™ HyperTransport™ AGP3.0 Graphics Tunnel Data Sheet, order# 24888 for detailed specifications. 4.5.1.
31684 Rev. 3.00 4.6 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Drivers and Utilities AMD CPUID—This application executes and displays the return data from the CPUID instruction set. No source code is provided. AMD Processor Information Display Utility—This utility displays the processor signature, approximate speed, L1/L2 cache sizes, processor revision, and instruction extensions supported.
31684 Rev. 3.00 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations September 2004 Table 4. Microsoft® Drivers for the AMD-8000™ Series of Chipset Components 64-Bit Operating Systems 32-Bit Operating Systems Drivers for Microsoft® Operating Systems Windows® 98 Windows 2000 Windows XP Pro Windows Server 2003 Windows 64-Bit Editions for AMD64 AMD-8151™ HyperTransport™ AGP3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations Table 5. Linux Drivers for the AMD-8000™ Series of Chipset Components Drivers for Linux Operating Systems Kernel 2.4.18 AMD-8151™ HyperTransport™ AGP3.0 Graphics Tunnel Driver for Linux 2P Platforms AMD-8151 HyperTransport AGP3.0 Graphics Tunnel Driver for Linux 1P Platforms √ Kernel 2.4.20 Kernel 2.4.21 Kernel 2.5, 2.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 36 Hardware Considerations 31684 Rev. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Chapter 5 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations EMI Reduction Techniques These electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction techniques can be implemented with relatively short lead-times at the final system-assembly stage. Proper electromagnetic compliance (EMC) and motherboard design techniques are assumed. The effectiveness of all the EMI-reduction techniques varies from system to system.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 2. Disable Unused Clocks Clock signals that have no load can have high levels of ringing that can lead to EMI problems. The motherboard BIOS firmware should be programmed to detect and disable unused memory DIMM and PCI clocks. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations seam could cause an EMI problem. Spring fingers or foam EMI gasket can be used to seal these gaps or seams. 8. Processor Heatsink Grounding Although grounding of the processor heatsink has not yet been required on any AMD Athlon™ 64 processor-based systems, grounding of the processor heatsink can further lower the harmonic EMI levels of the processor.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 40 EMI Reduction Techniques 31684 Rev. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Appendix A Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based System Build Procedure Always verify that the system you are building only uses components from the list recommended by AMD, or follow the recommendations outlined in this document to select a suitable component, and then follow this procedure to build your system For additional configuration information, go to: http://www.amd.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 7. Remove the AMD Athlon™ 64 processor from its protective packaging (always make sure you are electrically grounded), install the processor into the motherboard socket, then install only an AMD recommended heatsink and fan assembly. For more specific information, follow the instructions found in Chapter 3 of this document. 8. Check the motherboard for any jumper settings.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations 21. Make sure the system starts and runs reliably with just the graphics card installed. Restart and run the system multiple times. 22. Use the following steps to install additional cards at this time, if additional cards are to be installed. a. Turn off the system and unplug it before installing each card. b. Install additional cards one at a time. c.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 44 31684 Rev. 3.
31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 Appendix B Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 ProcessorBased Desktops and Workstations AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor FAQs Appendix B contains frequently asked questions concerning AMD Athlon™ 64 processors and the validated server program. Q: What software supports these processors? A: AMD Athlon 64 processors are based on the industry-standard x86 instruction set and are thus supported by the thousands of applications based on this instruction set.
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based Desktops and Workstations 31684 Rev. 3.00 September 2004 plan is for IT managers to seamlessly move to 64-bit applications that benefit their business while continuing to leverage their investment in 32-bit software and personnel. Additionally, the HyperTransport™ technology interface addresses the high memory and I/O bandwidth needs we believe will be required for future personal computers, workstations, and servers.
