BreezeNET DS.11 Series BU-DS.11 RB-DS.
Front Matter © 2000 by BreezeCOM Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form without the written permission of the copyright owner. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form without the written permission of the copyright owner. Trade Names BreezeNET and BreezeLINK are trade names of BreezeCOM Ltd. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies.
Front Matter or maintenance. No other warranty is expressed or implied. The Company specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for any particular purpose. Electronic Emission Notices This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules, ETSI 300-328, UL, UL/C, TUV/GS, and CE. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference. 2.
Front Matter antenna kits in the United States (or where FCC rules apply), only those antennas certified with the product are used. The use of any antenna other than those certified with the product is expressly forbidden in accordance to FCC rules CFR47 part 15.204. The installer should configure the output power level of antennas, according to country regulations and per antenna type.
Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 General......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 System Description .................................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 BreezeNET DS.
Table of Contents 2.6.12 Available Antennas and Antenna Kits .................................................................... 2-11 2.6.13 Precautions .............................................................................................................. 2-13 2.6.14 Lightning Protection............................................................................................... 2-13 2.6.15 Rain Proofing ............................................................................................
Table of Contents 5. SOFTWARE DOWNLOAD PROCEDURE..................................................................................... 5-1 6. INSTALLING ACCESSORIES ......................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 RFS 122 Radio Frequency Splitter.........................................................................................6-1 7. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.................................................................................
Table of Contents TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. DS.11 Outdoor Application......................................................................................1-2 Figure 2-1. General Installation Scheme - Pole Mounting........................................................2-4 Figure 2-2. Holes/Grooves/Screw Holes................................................................................. 2-14 Figure 2-3. Pole Mounting Installation Using the Supplied Brackets ....................................
Table of Contents TABLE OF TABLES Table 2-1. Regulatory Domains Specifications ...........................................................................2-5 Table 2-2. FCC Available Antennas (USA) .............................................................................. 2-11 Table 2-3. ETSI Available Antennas (Europe and Rest-of-World) ........................................ 2-12 Table 2-4: Outdoor Unit LEDs.............................................................................................
Introduction 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 General This chapter describes the scope of this manual and the main features of the BreezeNET BU-DS.11 (Wireless Base Station) and RB-DS.11 (Wireless Bridge Client). Also in this chapter: relevant standards, compatibility issues, product functionality and use of the DS (Direct Sequence) WLAN. 1.2 System Description The BreezeNET DS.11 Wireless Base Station and Wireless Bridge Client are designed to provide long range point-to-multipoint links for outdoor applications.
Introduction 1.3 BreezeNET DS.11 Functional Description The BreezeNET BU-DS.11 and RB-DS.11 can be used as a high speed connection between two remote networks. Server Server Figure 1-1. DS.11 Outdoor Application BU-DS.11 Wireless Base Station The BU-DS.11 is an IEEE 802.11 TGb-compliant base station bridge that is used to connect either a single remote site or multiple remote sites to a central server or Internet connection.
Introduction RB-DS.11 Wireless Bridge Client The RB-DS.11 connects a remote Ethernet network to a BU-DS.11 Multipoint Base Station bridge located at a central server or Internet site. It can be programmed to handle up to 1024 MAC addresses. When a station on the Ethernet LAN sends a message that is not destined for a local station, the RB-DS.11 wirelessly forwards the message to the BU-DS.11. When the BU-DS.11 receives a message destined for a station on the RB-DS.11's LAN, the BUDS.
Introduction 1.4 How to Use This Guide This User's Manual provides instructions for planning and setting up your Wireless LAN. This includes details on how to install each unit, including antennas and accessories. This manual contains the following chapters: ⇒1 Chapter 1: Introduction - Explains how to use this manual and presents the BreezeNET DS.11 series. ⇒2 Chapter 2: Installation - Describes how to install the units. ⇒3 Chapter 3: Using the DS.11 Management Utility - Describes how to use the DS.
Installation 2. INSTALLATION 2.1 Quick Start to Wireless Networking Perform the following steps to configure a WLAN for the first time: 1. Physically connect the BU-DS.11/RB-DS.11 units to the Ethernet LAN. Make sure they are switched on. The DS.11 wireless network will be up and running immediately. If you are content with the default settings of the BU-DS.11/RBDS.11 units, you can stop right here. It is more likely however, that you want to assign different radio frequencies to each BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Installation 2.2 Packing List When you first open the package, verify that the unit is complete with the following components: •1 Indoor unit •2 Outdoor unit (includes integrated antenna or antenna connectors for optional connection to external antennas) •3 Pole mounting kit for the Outdoor unit (2 U-bolts that fit up to 2” poles) •4 110/220 VAC Power Cord (may be open-ended, depending on destination country) 2.
Installation 2.4 Installation Overview Note: Outdoor units and antennas should be installed ONLY by experienced installation professionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void the BreezeCOM product warranty and may expose the end user or the service provider to legal and financial liabilities.
Installation Antenna Antenna (BU-DS11D (BU-DS.11D and RB-DS.11Dand units only) RD-DS11D units only) OUTDOOR ANT 1 Outdoor Unit Ground Cable to Grounding Point Indoor to Outdoor Unit Cable INDOOR Indoor Unit To LAN To Mains Figure 2-1. General Installation Scheme - Pole Mounting User's Guide 2-4 BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Installation 2.5 Guidelines for Placement of BU-DS.11 Units Each Wireless Base Station in the network forms the center of a cell, or BSS. The placement of BU-DS.11 units should be such that cells overlap slightly, to guarantee seamless wireless connectivity everywhere. Neighboring BU-DS.11 units should preferably send and receive on different channels for maximum throughput. Creating a cell plan for your site can be complicated, and is usually done by experts equipped with special measuring equipment.
Installation 2.6 Outdoor Installation Considerations This chapter describes various considerations to take into account when planning an outdoor installation including site selection, antenna alignment, antenna polarization, antenna seal, and cell size. 2.6.1 Co-locating DS.11 Outdoor Units Up to 3 BU-DS.11 or RB-DS.11 units can be co-located on the same building top or tower. Each unit is assigned to one of the non-overlapping channels, 1, 6, or 11.
Installation Physical Obstacles Any physical object in the path between two bridges can cause signal attenuation. Common obstructions are buildings and trees. Any buildings or other physical structure such as trees, mountains or other natural geographic features higher than the antenna and situated in the path between the two sites can constitute obstructions. Install outdoor antennas high enough to avoid any obstacles, which may block the signal.
Installation 2.6.3 Rooftop Installation WARNING! Rooftop antenna installations are extremely dangerous! Incorrect installation may result in death, serious injury and/or damage. Such installations should be performed by professional antenna installers only! Rooftop installations offer several advantages: •1 Increased antenna range. •2 Fewer obstacles in path. •3 Improved performance due to greater height. •4 Reduced multipath problems. 2.6.4 Antennas for Outdoor Applications The BreezeNET DS.
Installation 2.6.5 Antenna Alignment Low gain antennas do not require alignment due to their very wide radiation pattern. High gain antennas have a narrow beamwidth necessitating an alignment procedure in order to optimize the link. Check antenna alignment by using the RSSI bar on the bottom panel of the RB-DS.11 bottom panel. ⇒ 1 To perform antenna alignment: 1. Assemble antennas according to the assembly instructions included with the antenna set. 2. Mount the antennas as high as possible. 3.
Installation When installing a single antenna, modify the transmit diversity option to either antenna 1 or antenna 2, according to the antenna being used (refer to page 3-9). 2.6.7 Antenna Polarization Antenna polarization must be the same at either end of the link. In most applications, the preferred orientation is vertical polarization. Above -ground propagation of the signal is better when it is polarized vertically.
Installation 2.6.11 Using Outdoor Range Tables Outdoor installations must have a clear line-of-sight. Solid obstacles such as buildings or hills prevent the establishment of a link. Partial obstacles such as trees or traffic can reduce range. Extending coaxial cables can cause an increase in assembly signal loss and a reduction in range. Specific range tables, guidelines and information about extending cables can be obtained from your local dealer or the BreezeCOM central offices. 2.6.
Installation Table 2-3. ETSI Available Antennas (Europe and Rest-of-World) Model Ant. Gain Ideal for: Dispersio n Dimensions HxWxD OMNI-8 8 dBi Establishing 360° coverage for outdoor multipoint links 360°H/ 22° V 16"x0.75" Tubular UNI-16P 16 dBi Medium to long range outdoor multipoint links requiring compact form factors 28°H/ 28° V 11"x11"x3.5" UNI-24 24 dBi Long range outdoor point-to-point links 6°H/ 10° V 24"x36"x15" Note: User's Guide The FCC 15.
Installation 2.6.13 Precautions Note: Detached antennas, whether installed indoors or out, should be installed ONLY by experienced antenna installation professionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void the BreezeNET Product Warranty and may expose the end user to legal and financial liabilities.
Installation 2.6.15 Rain Proofing 18 and 24 dBi antennas must be sealed against rain at the point the cable enters the pole before they are suitable for external use. 2.
Installation Figure 2-3. Pole Mounting Installation Using the Supplied Brackets BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Installation 2.7.1 Connecting the Ground and Antenna Cables The Ground terminal (marked is located on the bottom panel of the Outdoor unit, shown in Figure 2-4. The Antenna RF connectors (marked 1 and 2 respectively) are located on the top panel of the Outdoor unit. 1. Connect one end of the grounding cable to the Ground terminal and connect the other end to a good ground connection. 2. Connect an RF cable between each ANT connector and the antenna.
Installation 2.7.2 Connecting the Indoor-to-Outdoor Cable 1. Remove the two screws holding the waterproof seal assembly to the Outdoor unit and remove the waterproof seal. 2. Unscrew the top nut from the waterproof seal. 3. Route an uncrimped straight Ethernet cable (8-wire, 24 AWG pin-to-pin) through the top nut and the waterproof seal. Refer to Appendix B for instructions on preparing the RJ-45 cable connector. Note: The 8-wire cable should be shielded. 1. Insert and crimp the RJ45 connector. 2.
Installation 2.7.3 Verifying Correct Operation of the Outdoor Unit To verify proper operation, view the LED indicators located on the bottom panel of the outdoor unit as shown in Figure 2-4. Table 2-4 lists the various LED states.
Installation Name Description Functionality RSSI Bar on RB-DS.11 units Series of LEDs Displays the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication, or the received RF signal level) at the Outdoor radio unit, as follows: RSSI Bar on BU-DS.11 units Series of LEDs Bar0 (red) Bar1 (green) Bar2 (green) Bar3 (green) Bar4 (green) Bar5 (green) Bar6 (green) Bar7 (green) Bar8 (green) Bar9 (yellow) Indicates the number of RB-DS.11 units associated with the BU-DS.11; for each LED that lights up, one RB-DS.
Installation 2.8 Installing the Indoor Unit According to the specific conditions of the installation, route the Indoor-to-Outdoor cable into the building so that it conveniently reaches the Indoor unit to ensure minimal interference, leaving some spare. The cable is supplied open ended at the side of the Indoor unit, to allow for conveniently threading it into the building through a hole that is as small as possible. Assemble the connector and cover plug supplied with the cable.
Installation Note: If the power cord supplied with the unit is open ended, connect to it a power plug appropriate to the country in which the unit is being installed. The color codes of the cable are: brown phase ~ blue neutral 0 yellow/green grounding The operating AC mains voltage of the Indoor unit is marked on the rear panel of the unit. 3.
Installation 5. Connect the 10-BASE-T connector to the network. The cable connection should be straight. Note: The length of the Ethernet cable connecting the Indoor unit to the user's equipment, together with the length of the Indoor-to-Outdoor cable, should not exceed 100 meters. 2.8.1 Verifying Correct Operation of the Indoor Unit To verify proper operation, view the LED indicators located on the rear panel of the outdoor unit as shown in Figure 2-8, and as described in Table 2-5. Table 2-5.
Installation 2.8.2 Reloading Factory Default Settings The Reset button, located on the Indoor unit front panel, is used to restore the factory default parameter settings of the Outdoor unit (in the event that the default settings were changed via an SNMP management station). To reset the unit: 1. Disconnect the power cable from the Indoor unit. 2. Insert a paper clip and press the Reset button while inserting the power cable back into its socket at the same time. 2.8.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3. THE DS.11 MANAGEMENT UTILITY The DS.11 Management utility is an SNMP-based (Simple Network Management Protocol) utility that provides a consistent view of the wireless network. The system administrator can use the DS.11 Management utility to control a large number of DS.11 units from a single location. The management utility can be used to manage the following DS.11 units: BU-DS.11 and RB-DS.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1 DS.11 Management Utility Main Window The DS.11 Management utility main window consists of two main areas, as can be seen in Figure 3-1: •1 The IP Address and Community Selection area - In this area, you select the community string and address of the unit you wish to manage or edit.
The DS.11 Management Utility •3 – Implements any changes you made and closes the window. •4 – Closes the window without implementing any changes you made. •5 – Implements any changes you made but leaves the window open. 3.1.1 Assigning and Editing IP Addresses Manually 1. Click the button. The Set IP dialog box is displayed. Figure 3-2. The Set IP Dialog Box 2. Type the parameters in the appropriate fields and click OK; the MAC address is written underneath the unit.
The DS.11 Management Utility •1 Click the button. All the current units IP addresses (under the selected community) are displayed in the list box underneath the button. Doubleclick on an address to select it. The default read community is public and the write is private. •2 For stations which are located behind a router, type the unit's address in the Locate unit field and click to display its parameters. •3 Signal Quality and RSSI bars - These bars appears only if the selected IP address is an RB-DS.11.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.3 IP/SNMP Tab Software upgrades can be downloaded to DS.11 units using the TFTP protocol. The IP/SNMP tab allows you to define or edit the IP parameters for the DS.11 units, used for the download procedure. Figure 3-4. IP/SNMP Tab BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.3.1 Assigning and Editing IP Parameters Using Network Autodiscovery Type the known Read/Write Community string in the Community field (the default string is Public for read and Private for read/write). Select a unit address as describe in Section 0. The unit's Read-Read/Write Community strings appear in the SNMP Communities area of the window, and the unit's parameters appear in the IP Parameters area of the window: •1 Read - The read only community string of the unit.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.4 General Info Tab The General Info tab displays general information regarding the unit's firmware and hardware versions, and general unit address information. Figure 3-5. General Info Tab •1 Firmware - The current firmware version. •2 Hardware - The current hardware version. •3 System Name - The name of the selected unit. •4 Location - Location of the selected unit. •5 MAC Address - MAC address of the selected unit. •6 BSS Address - In the RB-DS.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.5 WLAN Parameters Tab Figure 3-6. WLAN Parameters Tab •1 ESSID - An ASCII string of up to 32 characters used to identify a WLAN that prevents the unintentional merging of two co-located WLANs. It is essential that the ESSID is set to the same value in all stations and Wireless Base Stations in the extended WLAN. The ESSID field is case-sensitive. •2 Channel - Select that the unit will use by selecting a value (range: 1-14) from the pulldown menu.
The DS.11 Management Utility Table 3-1. Frequency Selection List Channel Selection Frequency 1 2412 MHz 2 2417 MHz 3 2422 MHz 4 2427 MHz 5 2432 MHz 6 2437 MHz 7 2442 MHz 8 2447 MHz 9 2452 MHz 10 2457 MHz 11 2462 MHz •1 CW Win - select the contention window size to 15 or 31. The contention window backoff algorithm is a well know method used to resolve contention between different stations wanting to access the medium.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.6 RSSI Tab This tab only appears for BU-DS.11 units and allows you to view signal quality of all the associated clients (RB-DS.11). Figure 3-7. RSSI Tab Select an IP address as explained previously in Section 0. In the Associated Stations table, you can see all the stations associated with the selected unit and their signal quality. User's Guide 3-10 BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
The DS.11 Management Utility 3.1.7 Counters Tab Figure 3-8. Counters Tab Select a counter and drag it to the icon to view the graph. •1 Transmit Fragment - The number of transmitted frames. The count includes data, control, management frames and the number of retransmissions of data frames (for example, if the same data frame is retransmitted ten times then the count will increase ten times). •2 Tx Frame Count - The number of frames transmitted to the wireless media.
The DS.11 Management Utility •8 ACK Failed - The number of times the station stopped transmitting a frame after failing to receive an acknowledgment packet. •9 Failed Count - This counter is incremented when a packet is not transmitted successfully due to the number of transmit attempts exceeding either the Short Retry Limit or Long Retry Limit. These thresholds can be set by users that are in the Technician login mode. •10 Retry Count - The number of retransmissions.
The DS.11 Management Utility WARNING! This will erase all settings. Configuration - Click Import/Export to import or export a complete set of configuration parameters to an external file. 3.1.9 Log Tab Figure 3-10. Log Tab When an event occurs, a trap is sent to the defined host address. The Log tab allows you to configure the host address to which the traps are sent. A list of the last traps is displayed in the event log area, below the Local IP field. BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
The DS.11 Management Utility The default host address is the IP address of the PC running the DS.11 Management utility. 1. Select the IP address as explained in Section 0. The selected address appears in the Local IP field. 2. Click the button to register this address as the host address. 3. Repeat Step 2 for all the IP addresses you wish to send traps to. 3.1.10 Security Tab Figure 3-11. Security Tab The BU-DS.11 can use one of the following authentication algorithms (as defined in the 802.
The DS.11 Management Utility Encryption Supported are displayed in the Version box in the General Info tab shown in Figure 3-5 on page 3-7. Values: Unknown Card is not inserted. Implemented Shared Key authentication is enabled. Not Implemented Shared Key authentication is disabled. Only open system authentication is available in this mode.
System Troubleshooting 4. SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING The following troubleshooting guide provides answers to some of the more common problems which may occur when installing and using the BreezeNET DS.11. If problems not mentioned in this guide should arise, checking the Ethernet and WLAN counters may help (see Section 3.1.7). If the problem persists, please feel free to contact your local distributor or the BreezeCOM Technical Support Department. 4.1 Troubleshooting Guide Table 4-1.
System Troubleshooting Problem and Indication Possible Cause Corrective Action Failure to establish wireless link. LINK LED is off and unit resets every few minutes. 1. Power supply to units may be faulty 2. The RB-DS.11 units may not have the same ESSID as the BUDS.11. 1. Verify power to units. 2. Verify that all units in the network have the same ESSID as the BU-DS.11 (ESSID must be identical in all units in the WLAN; the ESSID is case sensitive). Check that the units are on the same channel.
System Troubleshooting Problem and Indication Possible Cause Corrective Action Wireless link established, but there is no Ethernet activity (BU-DS.11 and RB-DS.11 units). 1. Ethernet hub port or UTP cable is faulty. Ethernet port in unit is faulty. The station is associated to a BUDS.11 unit that is not connected correctly to the LAN 1. Check that the LINK LED is lighted Green. If this is not the case, the port is inactive. Try another port on the hub or another UTP cable. 2.
Software DownLoad Procedure 5. SOFTWARE DOWNLOAD PROCEDURE 1. Set the unit's IP address, using the DS.11 Management utility, and verify that the PC's IP address belongs to the same Subnet Mask as the unit. 2. Ping the unit's IP address. Make sure that the Ping replies are being received. 3. Use the TFTP utility on the PC: ) Syntax: TFTP [-i] destination host [PUT] source file [password] ) Example: TFTP -i 199.203.141.30 put ap1100.
Installing Accessories 6. INSTALLING ACCESSORIES This chapter introduces some of the accessories available for specific installations, and describes how to install them. 6.1 RFS 122 Radio Frequency Splitter The RFS 122 Radio Frequency Splitter is used to split the RF signal generated by a transmitter into two signals. These signals are then sent to two different and independent antennas. The RFS 122 enables radio transmission using two directional antennas connected to the same port of the BreezeNET DS.
Technical Specifications 7. TECHNICAL SPECIFICAT IONS 7.1 Supported Standards • Compliant with ETS 300 328 and ETS 300 826 (CE marked) • IEEE 802.11 TGb standard for Wireless LAN at 11 and 5.5 Mbps • IEEE 802.11 standard for 1 and 2 Mbps • Most of the major networking protocols (including IP, IPX) 7.2 Power Specifications Power Supply Input (via Indoor unit) 207VAC - 253VAC 250mA OR 100VAC - 120VAC 500mA AC Mains option is factory wired.
Technical Specifications 7.4 Radio Specifications Type Direct sequence spread spectrum Range Europe/ETSI: 15Km USA/FCC: Transmit power 24Km (15 miles) Range: 24dBm (max) to -4dBm (min) Dependable upon Antenna type , system app. & country regulation. Frequency range 2.4-2.4835 Ghz Number of channels Europe: 13 (3 non-overlapping) US: 11 (3 non-overlapping) France: 4 (1 non-overlapping) 7.5 Sensitivity @ 1Mbps -92dBM, IE-5 BER @ 2Mbps -88dBM, IE-5 BER @ 5.
Technical Specifications 7.7 Specific Features Data rate Utility Software • 11 Mbps • 5.5 Mbps • 2 Mbps • 1Mbps BreezeNET Management utility, runs on Windows 95 and Windows NT 7.8 Size Dimensions (without antennas) TBD 7.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation APPENDIX A. RADIO SIGNAL PROPAGATION A.1 Radio Signal Propagation A.1.1 Introduction This section explains and simplifies many of the terms relating to antennas and RF (Radio Frequency) used when dealing with an RF installation system. The following diagram depicts a typical radio system: Figure A-1. A Typical Radio System A radio system transmits information to the transmitter.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation A.1.2 RF Terms and Definitions dB The dB convention is an abbreviation for decibels. It shows the relationship between two values. RF Power Level RF power level at either the transmitter output or the receiver input is expressed in Watts. It can also be expressed in dBm.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation For example: If, due to attenuation, half the power is lost (P out /Pin = 1/2), attenuation in dB is -10 x Log (1/2) = 3 dB Path Loss Loss of power of an RF signal traveling (propagating) through space. It is expressed in dB.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation Antenna Characteristics Isotropic Antenna A hypothetical antenna having equal radiation intensity in all directions. Used as a zero dB gain reference in directivity calculation (gain). Antenna Gain A measure of directivity. It is defined as the ratio of the radiation intensity in a given direction to the radiation intensity that would be obtained if the power accepted by the antenna was radiated equally in all directions (isotropically).
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation Figure A-4. Top View Directional Antenna Radiates and receives most of the signal power in one direction. The following diagram shows the radiation pattern of a directional antenna with its side lobes in polar form: Figure A-5. Radiation Pattern of Directional Antenna Antenna Beamwidth The directiveness of a directional antenna. Defined as the angle between two halfpower (-3 dB) points on either side of the main lobe of radiation. BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation System Characteristics Receiver Sensitivity The minimum RF signal power level required at the input of a receiver for certain performance (e.g. BER). EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) The antenna transmitted power. Equal to the transmitted output power minus cable loss plus the transmitting antenna gain.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation Example: Link Parameters: Frequency: 2.4 Ghz P out = 4 dBm (2.5 mW) Tx and Rx cable length (Ct and Cr) = 10 m. cable type RG214 (0.6 dB/meter) Tx and Rx antenna gain (Gt and Gr) = 18 dBi Distance between sites = 3 Km Receiver sensitivity (Ps) = -84 dBm Link Budget Calculation EIRP = P out - Ct + Gt = 16 dBm Pl = 32.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation Figure A-6. Multipath Reception Bad Line of Sight An optical line of sight exists if an imaginary straight line can connect the antennas on either side of the link. Radio wave clear line of sight exists if a certain area around the optical line of sight (Fresnel zone) is clear of obstacles. A bad line of sight exists if the first Fresnel zone is obscured. • Link Budget Calculations • Weather conditions (rain, wind, etc.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation A radio wave clear line of sight exists if a defined area around the optical line of sight (Fresnel Zone) is clear of obstacles. Fresnel Zone The Fresnel zone is the area of a circle around the line of sight. The Fresnel Zone is defined as follows: Figure A-7. Fresnel Zone R = ½√ (λxD) R: radius of the first Fresnel zone λ: wavelength D: distance between sites BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Appendix A. Radio Signal Propagation Figure A-8. Fresnel Zone Clear of Obstacles When at least 80% of the first Fresnel Zone is clear of obstacles, propagation loss is equivalent to that of free space. User's Guide A-10 BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
Appendix B. Preparing the Indoor-to-Outdoor Cable APPENDIX B. PREPARING THE INDOOR TO OUTDOOR CABLE The Indoor-to-Outdoor cable provides pin-to-pin connection on both sides. It is supplied open-ended at the one side, to allow the installer to conveniently route the cable into the waterproof seal off the Outdoor unit. Figure 7-1 shows the wire pair connections required for the Indoor-to-Outdoor cable. 1 2 1+2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4+5 7+8 3+6 Figure 7-1.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ APPENDIX C. DS.11 FAQ How many BU-DS.11 or RB-DS.11 units can be co-located on the same building top or tower? You can co-locate up to 3 BU-DS.11 or RB-DS.11 units on the same structure. Each unit is assigned to one of the non-overlapping channels, 1, 6, or 11. What is the antenna separation requirement for co-locating BU-DS.11 or RB-DS.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ Why are there 11 channels and only 3 usable? The IEEE802.11 specification calls out 11 selectable channels (USA) between 2414MHz and 2462MHz. Because of the transmission bandwidth of the DS modulation, only 3 channels are non-overlapping. Those are channels 1, 6, and 11, therefore, only 3 systems may be co-located.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ Can I downgrade my DS.11 firmware? Yes, an earlier version of firmware can overwrite a newer version. Can I keep the previous version of firmware? No and yes. The previous version of firmware can not be kept on the DS.11 itself, but can be stored on your PC and loaded if needed. Does DS.11 support 802.1Q VLAN? Yes, but the support is limited to transparent operation. Meaning, DS.11 does not take any action on 802.1Q frames, but will transparently pass them within a VLAN network.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ What is the maximum number of networked PC’s the BU-DS.11/RB-DS.11 can learn? 1024 network MAC addresses can be learned by the BU-DS.11/RB-DS.11. Can the BU-DS.11/RB-DS.11 be used for multi-point as well as point to point links? Yes. The BU-DS.11 can support multiple RB-DS.11 units creating a multi-point network. How many RB-DS.11 units can one BU-DS.11 support? The maximum number of associations is 128. What is the practical limit to the number of client bridges per BU-DS.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ The BU-DS.11/RB-DS.11 DS.11 comes with a graphical management utility that operates on any Windows based network ready PC. With this utility you can configure and monitor every DS.11 on your network. You can also use the DS.11 SNMP MIB on standard management platforms like SNMPc, and HP Openview. Does the DS.11 offer out-of-band management? No, the DS.11 does not offer out-of-band management, such as a serial port. The DS.11 is managed in-band only via the DS.
Appendix C. DS.11 FAQ Setting the CW win parameter to 31 for heavy bi-directional traffic loads will minimize the PER. Setting the CW win to 15 will improve performance for more unidirectional traffic loads. CW win 7 should only be used for short range point-to-point links, and 63 should be used for large, long range multi-point links. User's Guide C-6 BreezeNET BU-DS.11/RB-DS.
