Router User Guide June 2005
Alcatel Alcatel Internetworking 26801 West Agoura Road Calabasas, CA 91301 818 880 3500 Copyright Copyright © Alcatel, 2003-2005. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written authorization of Alcatel. Alcatel reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time to time without obligation to provide notification of such changes.
CONTENTS Copyright .........................................................................................................................................................................................ii Trademarks ......................................................................................................................................................................................ii Software Notice ............................................................................................
AS Path Regular Expressions (regex)..........................................................................................................................................105 AS Path Terms .............................................................................................................................................................................106 OSPF CONFIGURE COMMANDS ............................................................................................................
TABLES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Guide Organization: Major Sections ................................................................................................................................1 BGP RFC Compliance .....................................................................................................................................................4 OSPF RFC Compliance ....................................................................................................
FIGURES 1 2 3 4 5 Navigation Keys ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 Help Screen ................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Alcatel CLI Command Tree ................................................................................................................
1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE This guide describes Alcatel’s implementation and command usage of BGP4, OSPF, RIP, and multicast routing protocols. It is designed for network managers and administrators who are responsible for the operation of LAN and WAN equipment and are familiar with networks and routing protocols. Organization The following table describes the organization and content of this guide.
2 Chapter : About This Guide Configuration Guide This guide provides examples of how features are used. Guides and release notes are available in PDF format on the Alcatel website: www.alcatel.com. To view PDF files, Adobe Acrobat® Reader® 4.0 (or later) must be installed on your PC. If you do not have the Adobe Acrobat Reader installed on your system, you can obtain it free from the Adobe website: www.adobe.com.
3 PROTOCOLS OVERVIEW BGP4 Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 (also referred to as simply BGP) is an exterior routing protocol used for the global Internet. Once configured, BGP peers first exchange complete copies of their routing tables (including BGP version, router ID, and keep alive hold time), which are usually very large. Thereafter, only incremental updates (deltas) are sent as changes occur to the routing tables.
4 Chapter : Protocols Overview Table 2 BGP RFC Compliance RFC Description 2385 Protection of BGP sessions via the TCP MD5 signature option 1998 An application of the BGP community attribute in multi-home routing 1997 BGP communities attribute 1775 BGP OSPF interaction 1771 Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) OSPF Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), a link-state routing protocol, is used for routing IP packets.
Chapter : Protocols Overview RFC Compliance 5 The following table provides Alcatel’s OSPF RFC compliance information. Table 3 OSPF RFC Compliance RFC Description 2328 OSPF version 2 1587 OSPF NSSA option 1850 OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base RIP Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an interior gateway protocol (IGP), i.e., it routes traffic within a single autonomous system (AS).
Multicasting Traditional multicast routing mechanisms such as Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) and Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) were intended for use within regions where groups are densely populated or bandwidth is universally plentiful. When groups, and senders to these groups, are distributed sparsely across a wide area, these “dense mode” schemes do not perform efficiently.
7 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE This chapter introduces the Command Line Interface (CLI) hierarchy and the conventions used to describe it. It also introduces the CLI navigation keys and methods, as well as the available help screens. Command Types This guide contains two types of commands: transition, or mode change, commands and standard commands. Transition commands do not affect the system configuration, they are used to gain access to loweror next-level commands in the CLI hierarchy.
8 Chapter : Command Line Interface Command Conventions Each command is briefly described and then followed by the complete syntax, which is essentially a map of the command that shows mandatory and optional parameters. The following tables provide details of the conventions used for syntaxes and examples.
Chapter : Command Line Interface normal type 9 Prompts and commands that are part of the main prompt are shown in normal type. Examples: Alcatel-host> Alcatel-host/show> bold type All character strings that a user must enter to execute a command are in bold type. Example: Alcatel-host> configure term Abbreviated Commands You may enter commands by typing the first few characters of each word in a command string.
10 Chapter : Command Line Interface Figure 1 Navigation Keys > help edit key stroke ---------TAB Esc-B Esc-F Esc-DEL BackSpace Ctrl-A Ctrl-B / Ctrl-K Ctrl-L Ctrl-N / DN ARROW Ctrl-P / UP ARROW Ctrl-U Ctrl-W -------------------- action -----command completion go back one word forward one word delete one word left to cursor go back and delete one char start of line go back one char delete a char go up one level if empty command end of line forward one char delete line ahea
Chapter : Command Line Interface 11 Figure 3 Alcatel CLI Command Tree > tree xcli |-- ping |-- clear | |-- cfg_file | |-- arp | |-- cfg_log | |-- command_log | |-- snmp_stats | |-- counters | | |-- all | | |-- ethernet | | |-- ethernets | | |-- bundle | | |-- bundles | | |-- avc | | |-- avcs | | |-- tunnel | | |-- tunnels | |-- interface | | |-- all | | |-- ethernet Press any key to continue (q : quit) : Question Mark Help Screen To view help information for a command category, specific command, or a p
12 Chapter : Command Line Interface Figure 4 ? Help Screen > ? NAME xcli -- This is root and not a command SYNTAX COMMANDS DESCRIPTION COMMANDS clear configure debug dir erase file password ping reboot reload save show tclsh telnet test trace write -- Any of the following commands can be used -- access clear commands -- configure from ( flash / network / terminal ) -- accesses debug commands -- directory of files in flash -- access erase filesystem commands -- access file commands -- Change the us
Chapter : Command Line Interface 13 Figure 5 Global Show Command > show configuration : Select type of 'configuration' ( Hit Tab ) > dir CONTENTS OF /flash1: size -------6467513 6771268 1908 0 6500329 date -----FEB-04-2004 APR-01-2004 APR-01-2004 FEB-05-2004 APR-01-2004 time -----13:51:22 11:38:42 11:56:18 07:12:30 11:49:22 name -------T1000.1223.Z T1000.Z system.cfg oldsystem.cfg T1000.020404.
14 Chapter : Command Line Interface Router User Guide
15 POLICY COMMANDS This chapter provides information about routing policy commands that are supported by Alcatel.
16 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy This command provides access to the next-level commands.
Chapter : Policy Commands 17 configure policy as_path This command configures the autonomous system path filter for BGP. AS path access lists are used for matching the AS path attribute in a BGP route. An AS path access list succeeds if any “permit” line in the list matches, or fails if any “deny” line matches. Matching proceeds sequentially and stops at the first match. The regular expression parameter is an as path regular expression.
18 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy community_list This command accesses next-level commands for adding extended or standard community lists. Community lists are used for matching the “community” attribute in a BGP route. A community list succeeds if any “permit” line in the list matches, or fails if any “deny” line matches. Matching proceeds sequentially and stops at the first match.
Chapter : Policy Commands 19 configure policy community_list extended_community This command configures an extended community list as part of the policy. parameter definition community_list Extended community list number The range is 100 - 199. community_index Community index number The range is 0 - 65535. action deny Specify a community to reject. permit Specify a community to permit. community A list of community numbers The range is 1 - 4294967295.
20 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy community_list standard_community This command configures a standard community list as part of the routing policy. parameter definition community_list Extended community list number The range is 100 - 199. community_index Community index number The range is 0 - 65535. action deny Specify a community to reject. permit Specify a community to permit. community A list of community numbers The range is 1 - 4294967295.
Chapter : Policy Commands 21 configure policy ip_access_list This command configures the IP access list for routes. Ip access lists are used for matching any type of route prefix. An IP access list is said to succeed if any “permit” line in the list matches, or fails, if any “deny” line matches. Matching proceeds sequentially and stops at the first match. A line in an IP access list is said to match according to the rules listed below.
22 Chapter : Policy Commands example: Alcatel-host/configure> policy ip_access_list 1 1 permit network 10.0.0.0 netmask 0.255.255.255 mask 255.0.0.0 maskmask 0.255.255.255 This example restricts the prefixes to 10.0.0.0/8 only. applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : Policy Commands 23 configure policy route_map This command configures the policy for router route maps. Route maps are used for general-purpose matching of routes and setting of route attributes. Each route_map is comprised of one or more route_map clauses, of the form shown below. route_map name number [ permit | deny ] match statements set statements A route_map clause is said to match if each of its match statements matches, according to the rules given below.
24 Chapter : Policy Commands next-level commands configure policy route_map commit configure policy route_map match configure policy route_map set applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : Policy Commands 25 configure policy route_map match This command accesses next-level commands for configuring the policy for matching parameters of the routes.
26 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map match as_path This command matches any of the specified BGP AS path access lists. parameter definition path_list AS path access list The range is 1 - 199; the maximum list size is 32. syntax: [ no ] policy match as_path path_list < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/policy/route_map Block100 1> match as_path 1 next-level commands configure policy route_map match ip configure policy route_map match community applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : Policy Commands 27 configure policy route_map match community This command matches any of the specified BGP community lists. syntax: [ no ] policy match community example: Alcatel-host/configure/policy/route_map Block100 1> match community next-level commands configure policy route_map match as_path configure policy route_map match ip applicable systems: All models.
28 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map match ip ip_address This command distributes routes matching the prefix against any of the specified IP access lists. parameter definition ip_list Ip access list number(s) Enter a list of numbers. The range is 1 - 199. A maximum of 32 numbers can be in the list. syntax: [ no ] match ip ip_address ip_list < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/policy/route_map Block100 1> match ip ip_address 20 applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : Policy Commands 29 configure policy route_map set This command provides access to next-level commands to set parameters for the routes.
30 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map set as_path This command configures a character string for a BGP AS-path attribute. parameter definition prepend AS path access list Enter a list of numbers. The range is 1 - 65535; the maximum list size is 32. tag Set tag as an AS path attribute. Enter a number.
Chapter : Policy Commands 31 configure policy route_map set community This command configures the policy for community attributes. Set the community attribute to the given value or list of values. If the additive keyword is specified, the list of values augments any communities already present. If the additive keyword is not specified, the list of values overwrites any communities already present.
32 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map set distance This command sets the BGP protocol preference for the path attribute. parameter definition distance Default preference value The range is 0 - 255.
Chapter : Policy Commands 33 configure policy route_map set local_preference This command configures the BGP local preference path attribute. parameter definition local_preference Preference value The range is 1 - 4292967294.
34 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map set metric This command configures the metric value for the destination routing protocol. parameter definition metric Metric value The range is 1 - 4294967294.
Chapter : Policy Commands 35 configure policy route_map set metric_type This command configures the metric type for a route. parameter definition type Internal internal Use the IGP metric as the MED for BGP.
36 Chapter : Policy Commands configure policy route_map set origin This command configures the origin value for the BGP route.
37 GENERIC ROUTING COMMANDS This chapter contains routing commands that are not protocol specific. These commands can be used interchangeably with the three routing protocols supported by Alcatel.
38 Chapter : Generic Routing Commands configure router This command provides access to next-level commands.
Chapter : Generic Routing Commands 39 configure router routerid This command configures a router for routing operation. syntax: [ no ] router routerid < IP address> example: Alcatel-host/configure> router routerid 10.10.10.10 applicable systems: All models.
40 Chapter : Generic Routing Commands show ip routes This command displays IP routing information for Ethernet ports. parameter definition network Network IP address Enter an IP address.
Chapter : Generic Routing Commands 41 example: To display all routes, issue the show ip routes command. example: To display the route for a specific network and subnet, issue the show ip routes network 123.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 command. example: To display the connected ip routes, issue the show ip routes connected command. example: To display static routes, issue the show ip routes static command. example: To display RIP routes, issue the show ip routes rip command.
42 Chapter : Generic Routing Commands Router User Guide
43 BGP4 CLEAR COMMANDS Use BGP clear commands to clear bgp configuration settings.
44 Chapter : BGP4 Clear Commands clear ip bgp This command provides access to the following next-level commands. syntax: clear ip bgp next-level commands clear ip bgp all clear ip bgp group clear ip bgp neighbor example: Alcatel-host> clear ip bgp applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Clear Commands 45 clear ip bgp all This command removes all BGP neighbor connections. syntax: clear ip bgp all example: Alcatel-host> clear ip bgp all related commands clear ip bgp group clear ip bgp neighbor applicable systems: All models.
46 Chapter : BGP4 Clear Commands clear ip bgp group This command removes all connections for a BGP group. parameter definition group_name Name of the group syntax: clear ip bgp group group_name < name > example: Alcatel-host> clear ip bgp group north In this example, all BGP connections that belong to neighbor group north will be cleared. related commands clear ip bgp all clear ip bgp neighbor applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Clear Commands 47 clear ip bgp neighbor This command removes a specified BGP neighbor connection. parameter definition ip_address The IP address of the neighbor Enter an IP address (in dotted notation) to be cleared. remote_as The AS number of the remote neighbor to be cleared. The range is from 1 - 65535. syntax: clear ip bgp neighbor ip_address < IP address > remote_as < n > example: Alcatel-host> clear ip bgp neighbor 10.1.1.
49 BGP4 CONFIGURE COMMANDS Use BGP configure commands to configure all BGP4 parameters.
50 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp This command configures BGP routing protocol on a router and provides access to the next-level commands listed below. parameter definition as_number The number of an autonomous system. The range is 1 - 65535.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 51 configure router bgp aggregate_address This command is used to aggregate routes.
52 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands related commands configure router bgp always_compare_med configure router bgp distance configure router bgp default_metric configure router bgp group configure router bgp neighbor configure router bgp redistribute applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 53 configure router bgp always_compare_med This command configures a router to allow the comparison of the multi-exit discriminator for paths from neighbors in different autonomous systems. Normally, MED comparison is done on paths within the same autonomous system. This command allows the comparison to be made for paths received from other autonomous systems.
54 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp default_metric This command configures the default metric value for redistributed BGP routes. This command forces the routing protocol to use the same metric value for all redistributed routes. parameter definition default_metric The default metric value. The range is 1 - 4294967294.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 55 configure router bgp distance This command changes the default distance value on a router. Higher values are preferred. parameter definition distance Default preference value The range is 0-255; the default is 170.
56 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp group This command configures BGP groups. Neighbors with the same update policies are more easily managed when they are in groups. Group organization simplifies configuration and streamlines the update process. Neighbor group members inherit all configuration options of a group. The BGP group sub commands are similar to those found under the neighbor tree, but they are applied to all neighbors in the group.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 57 configure router bgp group distribute_list This command configures filter updates to this group. parameter definition access_list IP access list number The range is 1-199.
58 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp group filter_list This command configures BGP filters for a specified group. parameter definition access list AS path access list The range is 1-199.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 59 configure router bgp group next_hop_self This command disables the next hop calculation for all peers in the group. syntax: next_hop_self example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/group blue external> next_hop_self related commands configure router bgp group distribute_list configure router bgp group filter_list configure router bgp group password configure router bgp group remove_private_AS configure router bgp group route_map applicable systems: All models.
60 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp group password This command configures the TCP MD5 password to enable MD5 authentication for a BGP group. parameter definition md5_password TCP MD5 password (string) for the group Enter a word.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 61 configure router bgp group remove_private_AS This command removes the private AS number from updates that are sent out.
62 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp group route_map This command configures a route map to a BGP group. This command can only be applied in the outbound direction.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 63 configure router bgp neighbor This command configures a BGP neighbor. parameter definition IP address The IP address of the neighbor in dotted notation remote_as The AS number The range is 1 - 65535. syntax: [ no ] neighbor IP address < IP address > remote_as < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10> neighbor 101.101.1.
64 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands related commands configure router bgp aggregate_address configure router bgp always_compare_med configure router bgp distance configure router bgp default_metric configure router bgp group configure router bgp redistribute applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 65 configure router bgp neighbor advertisement_interval This command configures the minimum time interval for sending BGP route updates. parameter definition advertisement_interval Time, in seconds The range is 1 - 600 seconds. syntax: [ no ] advertisement_interval advertisement_interval < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> advertisement_interval 60 applicable systems: All models.
66 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor allowbadid This command permits BGP sessions to be established with routers that represent their router ID as 0.0.0.0 or 255.255.255.255. syntax: [ no ] allowbadid example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> allowbadid applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 67 configure router bgp neighbor default_originate This command sends the default route to the neighbor. parameter definition route_map The name of the route map syntax: [ no ] default_originate [ route_map < name > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> default_originate altmap5 applicable systems: All models.
68 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor description This command describes or identifies a neighbor router. parameter definition neighbor_description Text string in quotes describing neighbor syntax: [ no ] description neighbor_description < “string” > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> description “foo1” applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 69 configure router bgp neighbor distribute_list This command configures filter updates to or from this neighbor. parameter definition access_list The IP access list number. The range is 1 - 199. filter_option in Inbound filter list syntax: [ no ] distribute_list access_list < n > filter_option < in > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> distribute_list 101 in applicable systems: All models.
70 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor ebgp_multihop This command configures multihop EBGP on a neighbor. syntax: [ no ] ebgp_multihop example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> ebgp_multihop applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 71 configure router bgp neighbor filter_list This command configures BGP filters. parameter definition access_list AS path access list The range is 1 - 199. access_list_option in Inbound filter list syntax: [ no ] filter_list access_list < n > access_list_option < in > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> filter_list 103 in applicable systems: All models.
72 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor keep This command configures neighbor route storage options. parameter definition keep_option all Keep all non-active routes none Don’t store non-active routes syntax: keep keep_option < all | none > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 10.10.20.1 2> keep all applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 73 configure router bgp neighbor logupdown This command configures logging of established state transition changes of a neighbor. syntax: [ no ] logupdown example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> logupdown applicable systems: All models.
74 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor maximum_prefix This command configures the maximum number of BGP routes to be accepted. If the neighbor sends more prefixes than are configured, the connection to this neighbor will be broken. parameter definition prefix_number Maximum prefix limit The range is 1 - 1000000. syntax: maximum_prefix prefix_number < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 75 configure router bgp neighbor neighbor_group This command configures a neighbor to a specific group. parameter definition neighbor_group The name of a neighbor group. syntax: [ no ] neighbor_group neighbor_group < name > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> neighbor_group internal-group applicable systems: All models.
76 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor next_hop_self This command disables the next hop calculation for this neighbor. syntax: next_hop_self example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 10.10.20.1 2> next_hop_self applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 77 configure router bgp neighbor password This command configures a password for md5 authentication. parameter definition md5_password TCP MD5 password for the BGP session Enter a word (maximum 80 characters). syntax: md5_password < string > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 10.10.20.1 2> md5_password asdf applicable systems: All models.
78 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor route_map This command applies a route map to a neighbor. A similar command exists under the group tree for applying route_map to a group of neighbors in the outbound direction. parameter definition route_map The name of a route map route_map_options Filter options in Inbound direction syntax: [ no ] route_map route_map < name > route_map_options < in > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 100.50.23.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 79 configure router bgp neighbor timers This command configure keepalive timers for a neighbor (peer). The holdtime timer value is calculated as three times the value of the keepalive timer. parameter definition keepalive The keepalive interval The range is 2 - 21845; the default is 60. syntax: [ no ] timers keepalive < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> timers 120 applicable systems: All models.
80 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp neighbor update_source This command configures the source of BGP TCP connections for a specified neighbor as the IP address specified, instead of the IP address of a physical interface. This address will be used as the source address for routing updates. syntax: [ no ] update_source < IP address > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/bgp 10/neighbor 101.101.1.2 4> update_source 10.10.2.1 applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 81 configure router bgp redistribute This command provides access to the following next-level commands. Redistribution causes routes from other protocols to be exported via the current protocol. Routes from the current protocol are always exported, some protocols may provide additional policy features that allow the suppression of protocol routes.
82 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp redistribute connected This command redistributes interface routes. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 0 - 4294967294.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 83 configure router bgp redistribute ospf This command configures the router to redistribute OSPF routes. parameter definition metric The default metric The range is 0 - 4294967294.
84 Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands configure router bgp redistribute rip This command configures a router to redistribute RIP routes. parameter definition metric The default metric The range is 0 - 4294967294.
Chapter : BGP4 Configure Commands 85 configure router bgp redistribute static This command configures a router to redistribute static routes. parameter definition metric The default metric The range is 0 - 4294967294.
87 BGP4 SHOW COMMANDS Use BGP show commands to display all configured BGP information.
88 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show ip bgp This command accesses the following next-level show commands.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 89 show ip bgp aggregate_address This command displays a list of configured aggregate addresses. parameter definition address Aggregate address Enter an IP address. mask Aggregate mask Enter a subnet mask. syntax: show ip bgp aggregate_address [ address < IP address > [ mask < subnet mask > ] ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp aggregate_address address 100.12.23.0 mask 255.255.255.
90 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show ip bgp community This command displays routes that match BGP communities. parameter definition number Community number (enter a list of unsigned numbers) The maximum list size is 10. The range is 1 - 4294967294 aa_nn Community number in aa_nn format Enter a list of strings separated by spaces. The maximum list size is 10 numbers.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 91 Table 10 Status and Origin Codes Status codes * ( valid ) The table entry is valid. > ( best ) The table entry is the best entry to use for that network. i ( internal ) The table entry was learned via an internal BGP session. Origin codes i ( IGP) Internal BGP e (EGP) External BGP ? ( incomplete) Protocol of unknown origin. Typically redistributed into BGP from an IGP.
92 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show ip bgp groups This command provides information about BGP groups. syntax: show ip bgp groups [ < name > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp groups north screen display example > show ip bgp groups BGP group is AlcatelBgpExternal group type is External, total peers 1, established peers 0, members: 192.202.2.2 options set : None.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 93 show ip bgp neighbors This command displays detailed information and status on all BGP neighbors, including: peer group and AS affiliations configured and negotiated timers minimum times between advertisements receive and transmit updates BGP state status TCP connection ( active or inactive) parameter definition group Neighbors belonging to a group Enter a name or word. address Neighbor to display information about Enter an IP address.
94 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands Table 11 Status and Origin Codes Status codes * ( valid ) The table entry is valid. > ( best ) The table entry is the best entry to use for that network. i ( internal ) The table entry was learned via an internal BGP session. Origin codes i ( IGP) Internal BGP e (EGP) External BGP ? ( incomplete) Protocol of unknown origin. Table 12 Other BGP show Descriptions BGP neighbor IP address of the BGP neighbor peer group Displays the name of the peer group.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 95 show ip bgp paths This command shows all BGP paths in the database. syntax: show ip bgp paths example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp paths screen display example > show ip bgp Hash Refcount 32 2 96 1 /configure> paths Path ? i Table 13 Interpreting BGP Paths term hash An area where path IP addresses are stored refcount The number of routes using a specific path path The AS path and origin for that route.
96 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show ip bgp regexp This command displays routes matching the regular expression. parameter definition reg_exp A regular expression to match the BGP AS paths. Strings must be enclosed by quotation marks. syntax: show ip bgp regexp reg_exp < “string” > example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp regexp “.* 600 .
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 97 show ip bgp summary This command shows the BGP router’s identifying number, local AS number, and connected neighbors. Neighbor information includes BGP version (v), AS number, messages received and transmitted, and operating status. syntax: show ip bgp summary example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp summary screen display example > show ip bgp summary BGP router identifier 10.1.1.0, local AS member 200 Neighbor 192.168.123.1 172.10.16.
98 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show ip bgp table This command shows entries in the BGP route table. syntax: show ip bgp table example: Alcatel-host> show ip bgp table Table 16 Status and Origin Codes Status codes * ( valid ) The table entry is valid. i ( internal ) The table entry was learned via an internal BGP session. Origin codes i ( IGP) Internal BGP e (EGP) External BGP ? ( incomplete) Protocol of unknown origin.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 99 show policy This command provides access to the following next-level policy display commands: next-level commands show policy as_path show policy community_list show policy ip_access_list show policy route_map Router User Guide
100 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show policy as_path This command displays the AS path access lists. parameter definition access_list The access list number. The range is 1 - 199. syntax: show policy as_path [ access_list < n > ] example: Alcatel-host> show policy as_path screen display example > show policy as_path AS path access list 1 permit .* 699 .* permit .* 500 deny 40 .* AS path access list 2 deny 60.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 101 show policy community_list This command shows configured community lists. parameter definition community The community list number. The range is 1 - 199.
102 Chapter : BGP4 show Commands show policy ip_access_list This command show routes that comply with specific IP access rules. parameter definition number IP access list number The range is 1 - 99. syntax: show policy ip_access_list [ number < n > ] example: Alcatel-host/show> policy ip_access_list screen display example > show policy ip_access_list IP access list 1 permit 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 permit 20.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.
Chapter : BGP4 show Commands 103 show policy route_map This command shows route map information. parameter definition name The name of the route map.
105 AS PATH REGULAR EXPRESSIONS This appendix provides information about how to use and configure regular expressions for use with BGP4 routing protocol commands. Matching AS Paths An AS path regular expression is a regular expression with the alphabet used as the set of AS numbers defining a set of AS paths. Note that according to this definition, AS path regular expressions are implicitly anchored at the beginning and end.
106 Chapter : AS Path Regular Expressions AS Path Terms A term is one of the following: Router User Guide AS Matches the given number, which is any positive 16-bit number from 0-65535 inclusive. Note that valid AS numbers range from one through 65534 inclusive. !AS Matches any AS number except the given one. AS1 -AS2 Is a range of ASs. It matches all AS numbers between AS1 and AS2 inclusive. !AS1 - AS2 This matches all numbers except the given one. . Matches any number.
107 OSPF CONFIGURE COMMANDS Use OSPF configure commands to configure all OSPF routing parameters. NOTE: See the command configure interface loopback in the Command Reference Guide: Domestic Products for important information about loopback interfaces. When configuring OSPF, keep the following in mind: n n When you enable OSPF on bundles, make sure that both ends of the bundle are either “numbered” or “unnumbered.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf This command configures a router for OSPF routing. syntax: router ospf example: Alcatel-host/configure> router ospf next-level commands configure router ospf 1583Compatability configure router ospf area configure router ospf distance configure router ospf interface configure router ospf redistribute configure router ospf ref_bw configure router ospf timers applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf 1583Compatibility This command establishes the route summary calculation method to be compatible with RFC 1583. The RFC compatibility of all routers in an OSPF domain should be configured the same. The default is 1583Compatibility disabled.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area This command configures an OSPF area. parameter definition area_id OSPF area id Enter either a decimal number or an IP address.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area area_type This command accesses the following next-level commands for configuring an area type. next-level commands configure router ospf area area_type normal configure router ospf area area_type nssa configure router ospf area area_type stub related commands configure router ospf area default_cost configure router ospf area range configure router ospf area virtual_link applicable systems: All models.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area area_type normal This command specifies an area area type as normal. syntax: area_type normal example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 0> area_type normal related commands configure router ospf area area_type nssa configure router ospf area area_type stub applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area area_type nssa This command specifies an area type as (nssa) not-so-stubby area. syntax: area_type nssa example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1> area_type nssa next-level commands configure router ospf area area_type nssa no_summary related commands configure router ospf area area_type normal configure router ospf area area_type stub applicable systems: All models.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area area_type nssa no_summary This command prevents an nssa area boundary router from sending summary link advertisements into an nssa area. syntax: no_summary example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1/area_type/nssa> no_summary applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area area_type stub This command configures an area as a stub area. Stub areas are not flooded with AS external advertisements. Stub areas reduce the amount of memory required on stub area routers.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area area_type stub no_summary This command prevents an area boundary router from sending summary link advertisements into the stub area. syntax: no_summary example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1/area_type/stub> no_summary applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area default_cost This command specifies a cost for the default summary route sent into a stub area. parameter definition default_cost Enter a number. The range is 0 - 16777215; the default is 1. syntax: default_cost < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1> default_cost 10 related commands configure router ospf area area_type configure router ospf area range configure router ospf area virtual_link applicable systems: All models.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area range This command summarizes routes at the area boundaries, producing a single route that is advertised by area border routers. parameter definition networknumber IP address mask netmask advertise_enum advertise Advertise this range. not_advertise Do not advertise this range. syntax: [ no ] range networknumber < IP address > mask < netmask > [ advertise_enum < advertise | not_advertise > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 0> range 100.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area virtual_link This command defines an OSPF virtual link for an area. Establishes a virtual connection to the backbone for an area border router that is not physically connected to the backbone. A virtual link requires that each virtual link neighbor must include the transit area ID and the virtual link neighbor’s router ID. parameter definition virtual_link IP address for the virtual link. Enter an IP address.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area virtual_link authentication This command configures authentication for an area virtual link. Authentication guarantees that only trusted routers send and receive traffic within an area. Each interface must use the same type of authentication. parameter definition authentication type simple Uses a text password that is imbedded in the packet. md5 Creates an encoded checksum that is imbedded in the packet.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area virtual_link dead_interval This command sets the time, in seconds that an OSPF neighbor will wait for a hello packet. Once the user-defined time expires, the interface assumes that the neighbor is down. The value entered should be approximately four times the value of the hello_interval. parameter definition dead_interval The time in seconds. The value configured must be the same for all routers and servers in the same network.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area virtual_link hello_interval This command configures the time interval between transmission of hello packets. parameter definition hello_interval The time in seconds. The value configured must be the same for all routers and servers in the same network. The range is 1 - 65535: the default is 10 seconds. syntax: [ no ] hello_interval < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1/virtual_link 100.10.1.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf area virtual_link retransmit_interval This command configures the time between link state advertisement retransmissions on an interface. parameter definition retransmit_interval The time in seconds. The configured value must be greater than the expected round-trip delay. The range is 1 - 65535; the default is 5. syntax: [ no ] retransmit_interval < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1/virtual_link 100.10.1.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf area virtual_link transmit_delay This command configures the estimated time to transmit a link state update packet on an interface. parameter definition transmit_delay The time in seconds. Link state advertisements in the update packet are aged by this amount prior to transmission. The range is 1 - 65535; the default is 1. The value must be greater than zero. syntax: [ no ] transmit_delay < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/area 1/virtual_link 100.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf distance This command accesses the following next-level commands to configure OSPF administrative distances for routes. next-level commands configure router ospf distance ospf related commands configure router ospf 1583Compatability configure router ospf area configure router ospf interface configure router ospf redistribute configure router ospf ref_bw configure router ospf timers applicable systems: All models.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf distance ospf This command accesses next-level commands that configure OSPF administrative distances based on route type. next-level commands configure router ospf distance ospf external configure router ospf distance ospf non_external applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf distance ospf external This command configures the distance parameter for external routes. parameter definition external Type-5 and type-7 external routes The range is 1 - 255; the default is 150.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf distance ospf non_external This command configures the distance parameter for inter- and intra-area routes. parameter definition non_external Inter-area and intra-area routes The range is 1 - 255; the default is 10.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface This command configures an interface for OSPF routing. parameter definition name Enter an interface name, such as ethernet0, ethernet1, or a bundle name. dlci Data link connection identifier of the pvc (for frame relay use). The range is 16 - 1022; there is no default. area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address.
# Running H/F 2 related commands configure router ospf 1583Compatibility configure router ospf area configure router ospf distance configure router ospf redistribute configure router ospf ref_bw configure router ospf timers applicable systems: All models.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface authentication This command configures the authentication type on an interface. parameter definition authentication type simple Simple password authentication md5 MD5 authentication md5_cisco Cisco compatible md5 authentication line A 16-character (maximum) password string beginning with an alpha character.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf interface cost This command configures the OSPF metric cost for a specific interface. parameter definition cost Metric cost of sending packets on a particular OSPF interface. The range is 1 - 65535; the default is computed based on the interface bandwidth.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface dead_interval This command sets the time, in seconds, that an OSPF neighbor will wait for a hello packet. Once the user-defined time expires, the interface assumes that the neighbor is down. The value entered should be approximately four times the value of the hello_interval. parameter definition dead_interval Time, in seconds The range is 1- 65535; the default is 40.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf interface hello_interval This command sets the time interval, in seconds, between the hello packets that are sent on the interface. parameter definition hello_interval Time in seconds The default is 10; the range is 1 - 65535.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface neighbor This command sets up an OSPF neighbor router for an interface that is used on a non-broadcast network. parameter definition ip address The IP address of the neighbor router priority Sets the router priority for a non-broadcast neighbor. The range is 0 - 255; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] neighbor < IP address > [ priority < n > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/ospf/interface toBoston> neighbor 100.22.12.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf interface network This command configures the OSPF network type on an interface.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface poll_interval This command, used for nonbroadcast interfaces only, specifies how often the router sends hello packets from the interface before establishing adjacency with a neighbor. parameter definition poll_interval The time, in seconds The range is 0 - 2147483647; the default is 120.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf interface priority This command configures the priority (which is used in the election of designated routes) to establish the designated router. parameter definition priority Number that specifies the router priority. This is only used in non point-to-point networks. The range is 0 - 255; the default is 1.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf interface retransmit_interval This command configures the retransmit time for the link state advertisement retransmission for neighbors belonging to the interface. When a router sends a link state advertisement to its neighbor, it keeps the LSA until it receives an acknowledgment. If an acknowledgment is not received in n seconds, the router will retransmit the LSA. parameter definition seconds Time in seconds between retransmission.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf interface transmit_delay This command configures the approximate time it takes to transmit a link state advertisement update packet on the interface. parameter definition seconds Time in seconds. Usage of this command is most appropriate for low speed links. The range is 1- 65535; the default is 1.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf redistribute This command accesses next-level commands that are used to redistribute routes from other routers or routing protocols.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf redistribute bgp This command redistributes BGP routes. parameter definition as_number Autonomous system number The range is 1 - 65535. metric OSPF default metric The range is 0 - 16777214; the default is 100. metric_type Ospf exterior metric type for redistribution The range is 1 - 2; the default is 2. route_map Pointer (name or word) to route map entries tag 32-bit tag value The range is 0 - 2147483647; the default is 0.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf redistribute connected This command redistributes connected interface routes. parameter definition metric OSPF default metric The range is 0 - 16777214; the default is 100. metric_type Ospf exterior metric type for redistribution The range is 1 - 2; the default is 2. route_map Pointer (name or word) to route map entries tag 32-bit tag value The range is 0 - 2147483647; the default is 0.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf redistribute rip This command redistributes RIP routes. parameter definition metric OSPF default metric The range is 0 - 16777214; the default is 100. metric_type Ospf exterior metric type for redistribution The range is 1 - 2; the default is 2. route_map Pointer (name or word) to route map entries tag 32-bit tag value The range is 0 - 2147483647; the default is 0.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf redistribute static This command redistributes static routes. parameter definition metric OSPF default metric The range is 1 - 16777214; the default is 100. metric_type Ospf exterior metric type for redistribution The range is 1 - 2; the default is 2. route_map Pointer (name or word) to route map entries tag 32-bit tag value The range is 0 - 2147483647; the default is 0.
# Running H/F 2 configure router ospf ref_bw This command calculates OSPF interface cost according to bandwidth usage. Specifying a large number helps differentiate cost on multiple high bandwidth links. parameter definition reference_bandwidth Reference bandwidth in Mbps The range is 1 - 4294967.
Running H/F 2 # configure router ospf timers This command configures and adjusts ospf spf timers. parameter definition timers spf_delay Delay between receiving a change to the SPF calculation. The range is 1 - 65535; the default is 5. spf_holdtime The hold time between consecutive SPF calculations. The range is 1 - 65535; the default is 10.
149 OSPF SHOW COMMANDS Use OSPF display/show commands to display all configured OSPF information.
150 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf area This command displays configuration information about an OSPF area. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 151 show ip ospf database This command provides access to commands that display information about an OSPF database.
152 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf database all This command displays information related to the OSPF databases of the router. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 153 next-level commands show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
154 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf database asbr_summary This command displays information about ASBR summary link states. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 155 next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
156 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf database database_summary This command displays OSPF database summary information.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 157 show ip ospf database external This command displays information about external LSAs in the OSPF database. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
158 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 159 show ip ospf database network This command displays database information about the network LSAs. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
160 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 161 show ip ospf database nssa_external This command shows OSPF database information about nssa external LSAs. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
162 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 163 show ip ospf database router This command shows information about router LSAs in the OSPF database. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
164 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database self_originate show ip ospf database summary applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 165 show ip ospf database self_originate This command displays OSPF database information about self-originated LSAs in the router. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. syntax: database self_originate [area_id < n > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf database self_originate screen display example > show ip ospf database self_originate Router LSAs for Area 0 LinkState ID 10.1.1.1 > Adv Router 10.1.1.
166 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf database summary This command displays information about summary LSAs in the OSPF database. parameter definition area_id OSPF area ID Enter either a decimal number or an IP address. advt_rtr OSPF advertisement router Enter an IP address. link_id OSPF link state ID Enter an IP address.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 167 next-level commands show ip ospf database all show ip ospf database asbr_summary show ip ospf database database_summary show ip ospf database external show ip ospf database network show ip ospf database nssa_external show ip ospf database router show ip ospf database self_originate applicable systems: All models.
168 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf global This command displays global OSPF information. syntax: global example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf global screen display example > show ip ospf global Routing Process 'ospf 30583' with ID 10.1.1.1 It is rfc1583 incompatible Summary Link update interval is 1800 SPF schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secs Reference bandwidth 100 Megabits per second Number of areas in this router is 1.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 169 show ip ospf interface This command provides access to commands that display information about configured OSPF interfaces.
170 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf interface all This command displays configuration information about all configured OSPF interfaces. syntax: interface all example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf interface all related commands show ip ospf interface bundle show ip ospf interface ethernet applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 171 show ip ospf interface bundle This command displays configuration information about an OSPF bundle. syntax: interface bundle < name > [ pvc < n > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf interface bundle Boise related commands show ip ospf interface all show ip ospf interface ethernet applicable systems: All models.
172 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf interface ethernet This command displays OSPF configuration information about an Ethernet interface. syntax: interface ethernet < n > example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf interface ethernet 1 related commands show ip ospf interface all show ip ospf interface bundle applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 173 show ip ospf neighbor This command provides access to next-level commands that display configuration information about OSPF neighbors.
174 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf neighbor detail This command displays detailed OSPF configuration information about all neighbors. syntax: neighbor detail example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor detail related commands show ip ospf neighbor id show ip ospf neighbor interface show ip ospf neighbor list applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 175 show ip ospf neighbor id This command displays OSPF configuration information about a specific neighbor. syntax: neighbor id < IP address > example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor id 10.3.1.2 related commands show ip ospf neighbor detail show ip ospf neighbor interface show ip ospf neighbor list applicable systems: All models.
176 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf neighbor interface This command provides access to commands that display OSPF configuration information about all neighbors in an interface. syntax: neighbor interface ethernet < n > | bundle < name > [ pvc < n > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor interface ethernet 1 next-level commands show ip ospf neighbor interface bundle show ip ospf neighbor interface ethernet applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 177 show ip ospf neighbor interface bundle This command displays information about an OSPF neighbors on a bundle interface. syntax: neighbor interface bundle < name > [ pvc < n > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor interface bundle Boise related commands show ip ospf neighbor interface ethernet applicable systems: All models.
178 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf neighbor interface ethernet This command displays configuration information about a neighbor on an Ethernet interface. syntax: neighbor interface ethernet < n > example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor interface ethernet 1 related commands show ip ospf neighbor interface bundle applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 179 show ip ospf neighbor list This command displays a list of neighbors attached to this router. syntax: neighbor list example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf neighbor list related commands show ip ospf neighbor detail show ip ospf neighbor id show ip ospf neighbor interface applicable systems: All models.
180 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf request_list This command displays the LSAs in the request list of the specified neighbor. syntax: request_list < IP address > example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf request_list 10.10.10.1 related commands show ip ospf area show ip ospf global show ip ospf database show ip ospf interface show ip ospf neighbor show ip ospf retransmission_list show ip ospf virtual_links applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : OSPF Show Commands 181 show ip ospf retransmission_list This command displays the LSAs in the retransmission list of the specified neighbor. syntax: retransmission_list < IP address > example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf retransmission_list 10.10.10.1 related commands show ip ospf area show ip ospf database show ip ospf g;pba; show ip ospf interface show ip ospf neighbor show ip ospf request_list show ip ospf virtual_links applicable systems: All models.
182 Chapter : OSPF Show Commands show ip ospf virtual_links This command displays information about configured OSPF virtual links. syntax: virtual_links [ < IP address > ] example: Alcatel-host> show ip ospf virtual_links related commands show ip ospf area show ip ospf global show ip ospf database show ip ospf interface show ip ospf neighbor show ip ospf retransmission_list show ip ospf request_list applicable systems: All models.
183 RIP CONFIGURE COMMANDS Use RIP configure commands to configure all RIP parameters. NOTE: See the command configure interface loopback in the Command Reference Guide: Domestic Products for important information about loopback interfaces.
184 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip This command enables the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). syntax: [ no ] router rip example: Alcatel-host/configure> router rip next-level commands configure router rip default_metric configure router rip distance configure router rip interface configure router rip mode configure router rip pacing configure router rip passive configure router rip redistribute configure router rip timers applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 185 configure router rip default_metric This command sets the global default metric values for RIP. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 1 - 4294967294; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] default_metric < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> default_metric 4 This example configures the default metric to 4.
186 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip distance This command configures the distance value for RIP protocol on a router. parameter definition distance Distance value (enter a number) The range is 1 - 255; the default is 100. syntax: distance < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> distance 25 Table 19 Default Route Preference (Administrative Distance) Values How Route is Learned Default Preference Directly connected network 0 Not configurable.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 187 configure router rip interface This command enables RIP for an interface. The interface is identified by the interface name. Use ethernet0 for Ethernet 0 and ethernet1 for Ethernet 1. WAN interfaces are identified by bundle names. If no other RIP interface command is given, then the interface is configured with default RIP parameters. parameter definition name ethernet0, ethernet1, or a bundle name dlci PVC identifier; enter a number.
188 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip interface authentication This command configures RIP-2 authentication for an interface. The type of authentication and the key value to be used can be specified, but this is only valid with RIP version 2 (mode 3). When authentication is configured, all subsequent RIP updates contain authentication information. In addition, all subsequent incoming RIP packets on that interface are accepted only if they carry a valid authentication header.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 189 configure router rip interface distribute_list This command configures the access list to be used to filter either incoming or outgoing routes for this interface. This command is used in conjunction with the redistribute command. parameter definition access_list Access list number Enter a number.
190 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip interface metric This command configures the metric value for RIP routes for this interface. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 1 - 4294967294; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] metric < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip/interface ethernet0> metric 3 This example configures the RIP routes metric for interface Ethernet 0 to 3.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 191 configure router rip interface mode This command configures RIP mode for the specific interface. This command is similar to the global RIP mode command, but it is only applicable to the current interface. Use this command to override the global RIP mode settings. parameter definition mode Enter a mode value.
192 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip interface neighbor This command specifies a RIP neighbor for a specific interface. Use this command multiple times to add multiple neighbors. When neighbors are specified, RIP updates are unicast to those neighbors (and not broadcast or multicast on that segment). parameter definition ip_address Neighbor IP address syntax: [ no ] neighbor < ip_address > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip/interface ethernet0> neighbor 192.168.31.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 193 configure router rip interface passive This command configures RIP mode for a specific interface to passive (listen-only) mode. Use this command to override a global RIP mode configured for an interface. syntax: [ no ] passive example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip/interface ethernet1> passive This example configures interface Ethernet 1 to listen-only mode.
194 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip interface split_horizon This command configures the split-horizon mechanism on an interface. By default, split horizon is enabled for all interfaces for poison-reverse. parameter definition splitval Split horizon algorithm none Disables split horizon. simple Enables split horizon.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 195 configure router rip mode This command globally configures RIP mode for all interfaces. Use this command to override the global mode setting. parameter definition mode Enter a mode value.
196 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip pacing This command enables RIP updates sent from this router to be released to the network in a controlled manner to avoid traffic bottlenecks. When enabled, RIP updates from this router will be sent in several small intervals instead on one burst. This is useful when the number of routes to be sent is large (more than 1000).
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 197 configure router rip passive This command configures RIP passive (listen only) mode. All configured interfaces will only listen to RIP (version 1 and 2) updates, but will not send any updates. You can override the mode on a specific interface by configuring RIP mode for that specific interface. syntax: [ no ] passive example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> passive This example configures all RIP interfaces to listen-only mode.
198 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip redistribute This command accesses the following next-level commands that configure the system to use RIP updates to redistribute routes learned from other routing protocols. next-level commands configure router rip redistribute bgp configure router rip redistribute connected configure router rip redistribute ospf configure router rip redistribute static applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 199 configure router rip redistribute bgp This command configures RIP to redistribute bgp routes. parameter definition as_number Autonomous system number The range is 1 - 65535. metric Default metric The range is 1 - 16; the default is 1.
200 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip redistribute connected This command configures RIP to redistribute connected routes. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 1 - 16; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] redistribute connected [ metric < n > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> redistribute connected This example configures RIP to redistribute connected routes.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 201 configure router rip redistribute ospf This command configures RIP to redistribute OSPF routes. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 1 - 16; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] redistribute ospf [ metric < n > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> redistribute ospf related commands configure router rip redistribute bgp configure router rip redistribute connected configure router rip redistribute static applicable systems: All models.
202 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip redistribute static This command configures RIP to redistribute static routes. parameter definition metric Default metric The range is 1 - 16; the default is 1. syntax: [ no ] redistribute static [ metric < n > ] example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip> redistribute static This example configures RIP to redistribute static routes.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 203 configure router rip timers This command accesses the following next-level commands that configure the global RIP timers. next-level commands configure router rip timers flush configure router rip timers holddown configure router rip timers update applicable systems: All models.
204 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip timers flush This command configures the global RIP flush timer. This is the time interval in seconds that must pass before the route is removed from the routing table. This value should be configured to be greater than the configured holddown time value. parameter definition time Flush timer value in seconds The range is 1 - 65535; the default is 180.
Chapter : RIP Configure Commands 205 configure router rip timers holddown This command configures the global RIP hold down timers. Hold down time is the interval in seconds during which routing information regarding better routes is suppressed. This should be configured to be at least twice the value of the update timers. parameter definition time Holddown timer value in seconds The range is 1- 65535; the default is 180.
206 Chapter : RIP Configure Commands configure router rip timers update This command configures the global RIP update timer. This timer specifies the interval in seconds for sending periodic RIP updates. parameter definition time Update timer in seconds The range is 1 - 65536; the default is 120. syntax: [ no ] update time < n > example: Alcatel-host/configure/router/rip/timers> update 45 This example globally configures RIP updates to occur every 45 seconds.
207 RIP SHOW COMMANDS Use RIP display/show commands to display all configured RIP information.
208 Chapter : RIP show Commands show ip rip This command accesses the following next-level commands that display more specific information. next-level commands show ip rip global show ip rip interface show ip rip statistics applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : RIP show Commands 209 show ip rip global This command displays global configured information about mode, distance, default metric, and timers for RIP.
210 Chapter : RIP show Commands show ip rip interface This command accesses the following next-level commands that display configuration information about mode, metric, authentication, split horizon, and routers for the RIP interface. next-level commands show ip rip interface all show ip rip interface bundle show ip rip interface ethernet show ip rip interface statistics applicable systems: All models.
Chapter : RIP show Commands 211 show ip rip interface all This command displays information about all configured RIP interfaces.
212 Chapter : RIP show Commands show ip rip interface bundle This command displays RIP information for a configured bundle. parameter definition bundle_name The name of the desired bundle. Enter a string of up to a maximum of 8 characters. pvc PVC identifier Used only for an encapsulated fr bundle. The range is 16 - 1022.
Chapter : RIP show Commands 213 show ip rip interface ethernet This command displays RIP information about the Ethernet interface.
214 Chapter : RIP show Commands show ip rip interface statistics This command displays global RIP interface statistics, such as the number of pad packets received, the number or bad routes received, and the number of triggered updates sent.
Chapter : RIP show Commands 215 show ip rip statistics This command shows global RIP statistics, such as route changes and queries. syntax: show ip rip statistics example: Alcatel-host> show ip rip statistics screen display example show ip rip statistics RIP Global Statistics: =============================== Number of Global Route Changes : <0> Number of Global Queries : <0> > related commands show ip rip global show ip rip interface show ip rip routes applicable systems: All models.
217 MULTICASTING Multicasting Overview Traditional multicast routing mechanisms such as Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) and Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) were intended for use within regions where groups are densely populated or bandwidth is universally plentiful. When groups, and senders to these groups, are distributed sparsely across a wide area, these “dense mode” schemes do not perform efficiently.
218 Chapter : Multicasting Configure MRT SPT Multiplier /configure/ip/pim> mrt-spt-multiplier Configure Probe Period /configure/ip/pim> probe-period
Chapter : Multicasting 219 Configure PIM interface hello holdtime /configure/ip/pim/interface wan1> hello-holdtime
220 Chapter : Multicasting Protocol Independent Multicast - Source Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) By running PIM-SSM and IGMPv3, you can implement a Source Specific Multicast (SSM) service model in your network. PIM-SSM functionality is the subset of PIM-SM functionality dealing only with source-specific distribution trees. IGMPv3 provides a way to detect channel subscriptions; for example, host-initiated (S,G) joins where G falls within the defined range of SSM multicast group addresses.
Chapter : Multicasting IGMP Commands 221 The IGMP commands supported in version 8.
222 Chapter : Multicasting Displaying IGMP group membership information show ip igmp groups {all | } [detail] Displaying IGMP interface configuration show ip igmp interface {all | } Clear Command Clearing IGMP group membership information clear ip igmp groups [interface ] [group-addr ] [source-addr ] Traceroute Facility for IP Multicast With multicast distribution trees, tracing from a source to a multicast destination is difficult, since the
Chapter : Multicasting 223 n n n Modulo-N Hash —To select a next-hop from the list of N next-hops, the router performs a modulo-N hash over the packet header fields that identify a flow.” Hash-Threshold—The router first selects a key by performing a hash over the packet header fields that identify the flow. The N next-hops have been assigned unique regions in the hash functions output space.
224 Chapter : Multicasting GRE can encapsulate a wide variety of protocol packet types inside IP tunnels, creating a virtual point-to-point link between routers at remote points over an IP network. An IP tunnel is a logical interface that provides a way to encapsulate passenger packets inside a transport protocol. By connecting multiprotocol subnetworks in a single-protocol backbone environment, IP tunneling using GRE allows network expansion across a single-protocol backbone environment.
225 INDEX: GENERAL NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
227 INDEX: GENERIC COMMANDS NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
229 INDEX: POLICY COMMANDS NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
231 INDEX: OSPF COMMANDS NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
233 INDEX: BGP COMMANDS NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
235 INDEX: RIP COMMANDS NOTE: If you are viewing this guide with Adobe Acrobat, click the page number of the index topic to go to that topic in the guide.
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