Part No. 060117-10, Rev.
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Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions in this guide, may cause interference to radio communications.
Contents Chapter 1: Switch Management Configuration Options Required Connections Console Port (Out-of-Band) Connections In-Band Connections Chapter 2: Console Interface Log-in Screen Main Menu System and Switch Information Displaying System Information Displaying Switch Version Management Setup Menu Changing the Network Configuration IP Configuration IP Connectivity Test (Ping) HTTP Configuration Configuring the Serial Port Assigning SNMP Parameters Configuring Community Names Configuring IP Trap Managers C
Contents Configuring Broadcast Storm Control Port Security Configuration Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions Configuring Traffic Classes Port Priority Configuration 802.1P Port Traffic Class Information Configuring Virtual LANs 802.1Q VLAN Base Information 802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration 802.
Contents STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm) Spanning Tree Information Spanning Tree Ports Spanning Tree Configuration Switch When the Switch Becomes Root STA Port Configuration Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions Bridge Capability Bridge Settings Priority Port Priority Configuration Port Traffic Class Information Configuring Virtual LANs VLAN Basic Information VLAN Current Table VLAN Static List VLAN Static Table VLAN Static Membership by Port VLAN Port Configuration IGMP Multicast Filtering Configuring IGMP IP Mu
Contents Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping IGMP Protocol Class-of-Service (CoS) Support Port Trunks SNMP Management Software Remote Monitoring 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-7 Appendix A: Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Chart Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port A-1 A-1 A-2 Appendix B: Pin Assignments Console Port Pin Assignments DB-9 Port Pin Assignments Console Port to 9-Pin COM Port on PC Console Port to 25-Pin DTE Port on PC B-1 B-1 B-1 B-1 B-2 Glossary Index iv
Chapter 1: Switch Management Configuration Options For advanced management capability, the onboard management agent provides a menu-driven system configuration program. This program can be accessed by a direct connection to the serial port on the rear panel (out-of-band), or by a Telnet connection over the network (in-band). The management agent is based on SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).
Switch Management In-Band Connections Prior to accessing the switch’s onboard agent via a network connection, you must first configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an out-of-band connection or the BOOTP protocol. Note: By default BOOTP is disabled and the IP address is set to 192.168.10.1. See “IP Configuration” on page 2-10. After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the onboard configuration program from anywhere within the attached network.
Chapter 2: Console Interface Log-in Screen Once a direct connection to the serial port or a Telnet connection is established, the log-in screen for the onboard configuration program appears as shown below. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 Alcatel Internetworking 26801 West Agoura Road Calabasas, CA, 91301 (818) 880-3500 Alcatel OmniStack Copyright (c), 2000 Alcatel and its licensors. All rights reserved. OmniStack is a trademark of Alcatel registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Console Interface Main Menu The Main Menu is the first screen seen after successfully logging into the system. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Main Menu > About this product Management Setup Menu Switch Configuration Menu Network Monitor Menu Reset System Menu Quit Current Session Display or change Management information. Use or arrow keys to move. to select. Selection Description About this product System Information Provides basic system description, including contact information.
Main Menu Selection Banner Message Configuration Description Configures a login security alert message. Switch Configuration Menu Port Configuration Enables any port, enables/disables flow control, and sets communication mode to auto-negotiation, full duplex or half duplex. Port State Displays operational status, including link state, flow control method, and duplex mode.
Console Interface Selection Description IP Multicast Registration Table Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLAN IDs. Static Unicast Address Table Configuration Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. Reset system menu Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults, IP settings, or user authentication settings. Quit current session Exits the configuration program.
System and Switch Information System and Switch Information Use the “About this product” menu to display a basic description of the switch, including contact information, and hardware/firmware versions. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < About this product > System Information Switch Information Use or arrow keys to move. to select. Selection Description System Information Provides basic system description, including contact information.
Console Interface Displaying System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < System Information > System Description : Alcatel OmniStack 8008 System Object ID : 1.3.6.1.4.1.800.3.1.1.
System and Switch Information Displaying Switch Version Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the switch, as well as the power status of the system. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Switch Information > Main Board Label P/N : S/N : Hardware Version Firmware Version POST ROM Version Serial Number Port Number Internal Power Status Redundant Power Status Revision : : : : : : : : V3.0 (860 CPU) V2.5 V1.
Console Interface Management Setup Menu After initially logging onto the system, adjust the communication parameters for your console to ensure a reliable connection (Serial Port Configuration). Specify the IP addresses for the switch (Network Configuration / IP Configuration), and then set the Administrator and User passwords (Console Login Configuration). Remember to record them in a safe place.
Management Setup Menu Changing the Network Configuration Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option, configure the switch’s Internet Protocol (IP) parameters, enable the on-board Web server, or to set the number of concurrent Telnet sessions allowed. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
Console Interface IP Configuration Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, or configure the switch’s IP parameters. The screen shown below is described in the following table. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < IP Configuration > Interface Type : Ethernet IP Address : 192.168.10.1 Netmask : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway : IP State : USER-CONFIG Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
Management Setup Menu IP Connectivity Test (Ping) Use the IP Connectivity Test to see if another site on the Internet can be reached. The screen shown below is described in the following table. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < IP Connectivity Test(Ping) > IP Address : Test Times : 1 Interval : 3 Success Failure : 0 : 0 [Start] Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes. Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the site you want to ping.
Console Interface HTTP Configuration Use the HTTP Configuration screen to enable/disable the on-board Web server, and to specify the TCP port that will provide HTTP service. The screen shown below is described in the following table. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < HTTP Configuration > HTTP Server : ENABLED HTTP Port Number : 80 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options. Parameter Description HTTP Server Enables/disables access to the on-board Web server.
Management Setup Menu Configuring the Serial Port You can access the on-board configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch’s serial port. (For more information on connecting to this port, see “Required Connections” on page 1-1.) The communication parameters for this port can be accessed from the Serial Port Configuration screen shown below and described in the following table.
Console Interface Assigning SNMP Parameters Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the switch are controlled by community strings.
Management Setup Menu Configuring Community Names The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings authorized for management access. Up to 5 community names may be entered. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < SNMP Security > Community Name 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. public private Access READ ONLY READ/WRITE Status ENABLED ENABLED Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
Console Interface Configuring IP Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < IP Trap Managers > 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IP Address Community Name 10.1.0.23 public Status DISABLED Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
Management Setup Menu Console Login Configuration Use the Management Setup: Console Login Configuration to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords, or to set the invalid password threshold and timeout. There are only two user types defined, ADMIN (Administrator) and GUEST, but you can set up to five different user names and passwords. Only Administrators have write access for parameters governing the switch.
Console Interface Downloading System Software Using TFTP Protocol to Download Over the Network Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates into the switch. The download file should be an OmniStack 8008 file from Alcatel; otherwise the switch will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the switch will automatically restart itself.
Management Setup Menu Saving the System Configuration Use the Configuration Save & Restore menu to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server. The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch’s settings. The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.
Console Interface Managing the Switch Use the Management Configuration screen to configure the management access of the switch. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Management Configuration > Management VLAN : ONE VLAN : 1 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options. Parameter Description Management VLAN Allows management access of the switch from all VLANs or only from a specified VLAN.
Management Setup Menu Configuring the Banner Message The Banner Message is a login security alert message. It will be presented to a user attempting to log into the switch via console or Telnet, before prompting for a user name and password. Use the Banner Message Configuration screen to write and set the Banner Message. You can type, or paste, the banner message into the screen one row at a time, using the arrow keys to move from one row to the next.
Console Interface Configuring the Switch The Switch Configuration Menu is used to control a broad range of functions, including port configuration, Spanning Tree support for redundant switches, port mirroring, multicast filtering, and Virtual LANs. Each of the setup screens provided by these configuration menus is described in the following sections.
Configuring the Switch Selection Description Extended Bridge Configuration Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch, including support for traffic classes, and VLAN extensions. 802.1P Configuration Configures default port priorities and queue assignments. 802.1Q VLAN Base Information Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number and maximum VLANs supported. 802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information Displays VLAN groups and port members. 802.
Console Interface Configuring Port Parameters Use the Port Configuration menus to set or display communication parameters for any port on the switch.
Configuring the Switch Viewing the Current Port Configuration The Port State screen displays the port type, status, link state, and flow control in use, as well as the communication speed and duplex mode. To change any of the port settings, use the Port Configuration menu. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Port State > Port Type Operational Link FlowControl Speed and InUse Duplex InUse ------------------------------------------------------------1. 1000SX YES UP NONE 1000-FULL 2. 1000SX YES UP NONE 1000-FULL 3.
Console Interface Using the Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network.
Configuring the Switch Configuring Bridge STA The following figure and table describe Bridge STA configuration. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Spanning Tree Bridge Configuration > Spanning Tree Protocol : On Bridge Priority : 32768 Hello Time (in seconds) : 2 Max Age (in seconds) : 20 Forward Delay (in seconds) : 15 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
Console Interface Parameter Default Description Max (Message) Age 20 The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should receive configuration messages at regular intervals. Any port that ages out STA information (provided in the last configuration message) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN.
Configuring the Switch Parameter Default Description Fast forwarding mode of all ports ENABLED Allows you to enable or disable fast forwarding for all ports on the switch. Type Priority (Path) Cost FastForwarding Shows the port type as 1000SX (1000Base-SX). 128 Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.
Console Interface Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Information The Spanning Tree Information screen displays a summary of the STA information for the overall bridge or for a specific port. To make any changes to the parameters for the Spanning Tree, use the Spanning Tree Configuration menu. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Spanning Tree Information Menu > Spanning Tree Bridge State Spanning Tree Port State Use or arrow keys to move. to select.
Configuring the Switch Displaying the Spanning Tree Bridge State The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current Bridge STA Information. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Spanning Tree Bridge State > Bridge Priority : 32768 Hello Time (in seconds) : 2 Max Age (in seconds) : 20 Forward Delay (in seconds) : 5 Hold Time (in seconds) : 1 Designated Root : 128.
Console Interface Displaying the Spanning Tree Port State The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA Information. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Spanning Tree Port State > Port Type Status Designated Designated Designated Cost Bridge Port ---------------------------------------------------------------------1 1000SX NO LINK 4 32768.0010B54C1EB6 128.1 2 1000SX NO LINK 4 32768.0010B54C1EB6 128.2 3 1000SX NO LINK 4 32768.0010B54C1EB6 128.3 4 1000SX NO LINK 4 32768.0010B54C1EB6 128.
Configuring the Switch Using a Mirror Port for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a network sniffer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be configured in the same VLAN as the source port (see “Configuring Virtual LANs” on page 2-44).
Console Interface Configuring Port Trunks Port trunks can be used to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or to ensure fault recovery. You can configure up to four trunk connections (combining 2~4 ports into a fat pipe) between any two OmniStack 8008 switches. However, before making any physical connections between devices, use the Trunk Configuration menu to specify the trunk on the devices at both ends. When using a port trunk, note that: • Ports can only be assigned to one trunk.
Configuring the Switch You can use the Port Trunking Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below. Remember that you must “Enable” a new configuration before it will take effect.
Console Interface IGMP Multicast Filtering Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch/ router.
Configuring the Switch Configuring IGMP This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group. You can use the IGMP Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below: Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < IGMP Configuration > IGMP Status : DISABLED IGMP Query Count : 2 IGMP Report Delay (Seconds) : 10 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
Console Interface Configuring Broadcast Storm Control Use the Broadcast Storm Control Configuration screen to enable broadcast storm control for any port on the switch, as shown below.
Configuring the Switch Port Security Configuration Use the Port Security Configuration screen to enable and configure port security for the switch. Port Security allows you to configure each port with a list of MAC addresses of devices that are authorized to access the network through that port.
Console Interface Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs.
Configuring the Switch Parameter Description Bridge Settings Traffic Class* Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated under Bridge Capabilities. However, you can disable this function by setting this parameter to False. GMRP* GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows network devices to register endstations with multicast groups. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is currently used by this switch to provide automatic multicast filtering.
Console Interface Port Priority Configuration The default priority for all ingress ports is zero. Therefore, any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority output queue. Default priority is only used to determine the output queue for the current port; no priority tag is actually added to the frame. You can use the 802.1P Port Priority Configuration menu to adjust default priority for any port as shown below: Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.
Configuring the Switch 802.1P Port Traffic Class Information This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress. This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to the low priority queue “0” while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue “1” as shown in the following screen: Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.
Console Interface Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 LAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX and NetBEUI traffic. By using IEEE 802.
Configuring the Switch 802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to create a small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN (page 2-48). The current configuration is shown in the following figure. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.
Console Interface 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration Use this screen to create a new VLAN or modify the settings for an existing VLAN. You can add/delete port members for a VLAN, or prevent a port from being automatically added to a VLAN via the GVRP protocol. (Also, note that all ports can only belong to one untagged VLAN. This is set to VLAN 1 by default, but can be changed via the 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration screen on page 2-48.) Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.
Configuring the Switch For example, the following screen displays settings for VLAN 2, which includes tagged ports 1-4, and forbidden port 8. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration > VID VLAN Name Status -----------------------------2 Active Egress Ports 11110000 Untagged Ports 00000000 Forbidden Egress Ports 00000001 VID : 2 [Show] [More] [New] Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
Console Interface 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN features. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < 802.
Monitoring the Switch Monitoring the Switch The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics, RMON statistics, IP multicast addresses, and the static (unicast) address table. Each of the screens provided by these menus is described in the following sections.
Console Interface Displaying Port Statistics Port Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port. Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed. This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). The values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot. Select the required port. The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table.
Monitoring the Switch Parameter Description Excessive Collisions* The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions. Internal Mac Transmit Errors* The number of frames for which transmission failed due to an internal MAC sublayer transmit error. Carrier Sense Errors* The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame.
Console Interface Parameter Description Drop Events The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources. Received Bytes Total number of bytes of data received on the network. This statistic can be used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization. Received Frames The total number of frames (bad, broadcast and multicast) received. Broadcast Frames The total number of good frames received that were directed to the broadcast address.
Monitoring the Switch Displaying the Unicast Address Table The Address Table contains the MAC addresses and VLAN identifier associated with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN), sorted by MAC address or VLAN ID. You can search for a specific address, clear the entire address table, or information associated with a specific address, or set the aging time for deleting inactive entries.
Console Interface Parameter Description [Clear] Clears the specified MAC address. [Clear Dynamic] Clears all dynamically learned MAC addresses in the table. Displaying the IP Multicast Registration Table Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID.
Monitoring the Switch Configuring Static Unicast Addresses Use the Static Unicast Address Table Configuration screen to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. You can use this screen to associate a MAC address with a specific VLAN ID and switch port as shown below.
Console Interface Resetting the System Select the Reset System Menu under the Main Menu to reset the switch. The reset screen includes options as shown in the following figure and table. Alcatel OmniStack 8008 < Reset System Menu > Restart Option : POST Reload Factory Defaults Keep IP Setting Keep User Authentication : : : : YES NO NO NO [Restart] Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
Chapter 3: Web Interface Web-Based Configuration and Monitoring In addition to the menu-driven system configuration program, this switch also provides an embedded HTTP Web agent. Using a Web browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity. The Web agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using a standard Web browser (Internet Explorer 4.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above).
Web Interface Navigating the Web Browser Interface To access the Web-browser interface you must first enter a user name and password. The administrator has Read/Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics. The default user name for the administrator is “admin,” with the password “switch.” Home Page When your Web browser connects with the switch’s Web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below.
Navigating the Web Browser Interface Configuration Options Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click on the “Apply” button at the bottom of the page to confirm the new setting. The following table summarizes the Web page configuration buttons. Web Page Configuration Buttons Button Action Apply Sets specified values in the SNMP agent. Revert Cancels specified values prior to pressing the “Apply” button.
Web Interface Panel Display The Web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports, showing port links and activity. Clicking on the image of a port displays statistics and configuration information for the port. Clicking on the image of the serial port (labeled “Mgmt”) displays the Console Configuration screen. Clicking on any other part of the front panel displays Switch Information as described on page 3-7.
Panel Display Configuring the Serial Port If you are having difficulties making an out-of-band console connection to the serial port on the switch, you can display or modify the current settings for the serial port through the Web agent. Click on the serial port icon in the switch image to display or configure these settings, as shown below. Parameter Default Baud Rate 9600 Description The rate at which data is sent between devices. Options : 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 bps, and Auto detection.
Web Interface Main Menu Using the onboard Web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The interface screen includes the main menu on the left side, the menu bar beneath the image of the switch, and a list of commands beneath the menu bar. The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program. Function Description System Provides basic system description, including contact information.
System Information System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table. Parameter Description System Name1 Name assigned to the switch system. IP Address2 IP address of the switch you are managing. The switch’s management supports SNMP over UDP/IP transport protocol.
Web Interface Switch Information Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the switch, as well as the power status of the system. Main Board Parameter Description Serial Number Serial number of the main board. Number of Ports Number of ports on the switch. Hardware Version Hardware version of the main board. Firmware Version System firmware version in ROM. POST ROM Version Management’s Power-On Self-Test version.
IP Configuration IP Configuration Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, configure the Ethernet IP address for the switch, or set the number or concurrent Telnet sessions allowed. The screen shown below is described in the following table. Parameter Default Description IP State USER-CONFIG Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration, or set by Boot Protocol (BootP).
Web Interface SNMP Configuration Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the switch are controlled by community strings.
Security Configuration Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered. Parameter Description Trap Manager Capability Up to 5 trap managers may be used. Trap Manager IP Address IP address of the trap manager. Trap Manager Community String A community authorized to receive trap messages.
Web Interface Firmware Upgrade Options You can upgrade system firmware by performing a Web upload or a TFTP download. Note that you can also upgrade by a direct connection to the console port (see “Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port” on page A-2). Web Upload Management Use the Web Upload Management menu to load software updates into the switch. The upload file should be an Omnistack® 8008 binary file from Alcatel; otherwise the switch will not accept it.
Firmware Upgrade Options TFTP Download Management Use the TFTP Download Management menu to load software updates into the switch. The download file should be an Omnistack® 8008 binary file from Alcatel; otherwise the switch will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the switch will automatically restart itself.
Web Interface Configuration Save and Restore Use the Configure screen to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server. The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch’s settings. The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. Configuration Upload Management Use the Configuration Upload Management to save the switch configuration to a file on a TFTP sever.
Address Table Configuration Address Table Configuration The Address Table contains the unicast MAC addresses and VLAN identifier associated with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN), sorted by MAC address or VLAN. You can also clear the entire address table, or information associated with a specific address; or set the aging time for deleting inactive entries. The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in the following figure and table.
Web Interface STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm) The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm, refer to “Spanning Tree Algorithm” on page 4-1.
STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm) Ports The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA Information (Port 1~8). Parameter Description Port Status Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree: No Link Disabled Blocked There is no valid link on the port. Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics. Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not forward packets.
Web Interface Spanning Tree Configuration The following figures and tables describe Bridge STA configuration. Switch Parameter Default Description Usage Enabled Enable this parameter to participate in an STA-compliant network. Priority 32,768 Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. (Remember that the lower the numeric value, the higher the priority.
STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm) When the Switch Becomes Root Parameter Default Description Hello Time 2 The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. The minimum value is 1. The maximum value is the lower of 10 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1]. Max (Message) Age 20 The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure.
Web Interface STA Port Configuration The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports. Parameter Default Description Fast forwarding mode ENABLED Allows you to enable or disable fast forwarding for all ports on the switch. Priority 128 Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.
Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs. To configure these extensions, use the Extended Bridge Configuration screen as shown below: Bridge Capability Parameter Description Extended Multicast Filtering Services Indicates that the switch does not support the filtering of individual multicast addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).
Web Interface Bridge Settings Parameter Description Traffic Class* Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated under Bridge Capabilities. However, you can disable this function by clearing this checkbox. GMRP* GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows network devices to register endstations with multicast groups. Note that this function is not implemented in the current firmware release.
Priority Priority IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports Quality of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with weighted fair queuing for each port. You can use the Priority menu to configure the default priority for each port, or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as described in the following sections. Port Priority Configuration The default priority for all ingress ports is zero.
Web Interface Port Traffic Class Information This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress. This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to the low priority queue “0” while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue “1” as shown in the following screen: Parameter Description Port Numeric identifier for switch port.
Configuring Virtual LANs Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 VLAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX and NetBEUI traffic. By using IEEE 802.
Web Interface VLAN Current Table This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to create a small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN see “VLAN Port Configuration” on page 3-30. The current configuration is shown in the following screen.
Configuring Virtual LANs VLAN Static List Use this screen to create or remove VLAN groups. Parameter Description Current Lists all the current VLAN groups created for this system. Up to 256 VLAN groups can be defined. To allow this switch to participate in external VLAN groups, you must use the VLAN ID for the concerned external groups. New Allows you to specify the name and numeric identifier for a new VLAN group.
Web Interface Use the screens shown below to assign ports to the specified VLAN group as an IEEE 802.1Q tagged port. Assign ports as tagged if they are connected to 802.1Q VLAN compliant devices. If the port is connected to VLAN-unaware devices, frames will be passed to the untagged VLAN group to which this port has been assigned under the VLAN Port Configuration screen (page 3-30). Parameter Description Egress Ports Adds ports to the specified VLAN.
Configuring Virtual LANs VLAN Static Membership by Port Use the screen shown below to assign VLAN groups to the selected port. To perform detailed port configuration for a specific VLAN, use the VLAN Static Table (page 3-27). Parameter Description Port Number Port number on the switch selected from the upper display panel. Add/Remove Add or remove selected VLAN groups for the port indicated in the Port Number field.
Web Interface VLAN Port Configuration Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN features. Parameter Description PVID The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port. Use the PVID to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN. Acceptable Frame Type1 This switch accepts “All” frame types, including VLAN tagged or VLAN untagged frames. Note that all VLAN untagged frames received on this port are assigned to the PVID for this port.
IGMP Multicast Filtering IGMP Multicast Filtering Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and any hosts that want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch/ router.
Web Interface IP Multicast Registration Table Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID. Parameter Description VLAN ID VLAN ID assigned to this multicast group. Multicast IP Address IP address for specific multicast services. Learned by Indicates the manner in which this address was learned: dynamic or IGMP.
Port Menus Port Menus Port Information The Port Information screen displays the port status, link state, the communication speed and duplex mode, as well as the flow control in use. To change any of the port settings, use the Port Configuration menu. The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for the RJ-45 ports. Parameter Description Admin Status Shows if the port is enabled or not. Link Status Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device.
Web Interface Port Configuration Use the Port Configuration menus to configure any port on the switch. Parameter Default Description Flow Control Mode DISABLED Allows you to enable or disable flow control for all ports on the switch. Admin Status Enable Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g., excessive collisions), and then re-enable it after the problem has been resolved. You may also disable a port for security reasons.
Port Menus Port Broadcast Storm Protect Configuration Use the Port Broadcast Storm Protect Configuration screen to configure broadcast storm control for any port on the switch Parameter Default Description Broadcast Storm Protect Mode Enabled Allows you to enable/disable broadcast storm control for all ports on the switch. Protect Status Enabled Enables/disables broadcast control for the port.
Web Interface Port Security Configuration Use the Port Security Configuration screen to enable and configure port security for the switch. Port Security allows you to configure each port with a list of MAC addresses of devices that are authorized to access the network through that port. Parameter Description Port Number The port number on the unit. Status Port security can be set to three states; Static, Disable, or Learning.
Using a Port Mirror for Analysis Using a Port Mirror for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a network sniffer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be configured in the same VLAN and be operating at the same duplex mode as the source port (see VLAN Static List on page 3-27).
Web Interface Use the Port Trunking Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below. Remember that you must “Enable” a new configuration before it will take effect. Parameter Description Trunk Number A unique identifier for this trunk. You can configure up to four trunks per switch. Port The port members of this trunk. Select from 2~4 ports per trunk.
Port Statistics Port Statistics Use the Port Statistics menu to display Etherlike or RMON statistics for any port on the switch. Select the required port. The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table. Etherlike Statistics Etherlike Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port. Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed.
Web Interface RMON Statistics RMON Statistics display key statistics for each port from RMON group 1. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software.) The following screen displays overall statistics on traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types passing through each port. Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot.
Port Statistics Parameter Description 64 Byte Frames The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). 65-127 Byte Frames The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).
Web Interface 3-42
Chapter 4: Advanced Topics The Alcatel OmniStack® 8008 supports Layer 2 switching and other advanced features, which are described in this chapter. Layer 2 Switching When a frame enters a port, its destination MAC address is checked in the address database to see which port leads to this destination. If the destination address belongs to the incoming port, the frame is dropped or “filtered” because it is addressed to the local segment.
Advanced Topics Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the Root Bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Maximum Age), the bridge assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down. This bridge will then initiate negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to reestablish a valid network topology.
Virtual LANs This switch supports the following VLAN features: • Up to 256 VLANs can be configured based on the IEEE 802.
Advanced Topics This allows GVRP-compliant devices to be automatically configured for VLAN groups based solely on endstation requests. Forwarding Traffic with Unknown VLAN Tags This switch only supports 256 VLANs with VLAN IDs ranging from 1 to 2048, but the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN standard allows for VLAN IDs from 1 to 4094. Therefore, if this switch is attached to endstations that issue VLAN registration requests, it will have to forward unknown VLAN tags.
Multicast Filtering Multicast Filtering Multicasting sends data to a group of nodes instead of a single destination. The simplest way to implement multicasting is to broadcast data to all nodes on the network. However, such an approach wastes a lot of bandwidth if the target group is small compared to overall the broadcast domain. Since applications such as video conferencing and data sharing are more widely used today, efficient multicasting has become vital.
Advanced Topics Class-of-Service (CoS) Support The OmniStack® 8008 provides two transmit queues on each port, with a Weighted Fair Queuing scheme. This function can be used to provide independent priorities for various types of data such as real-time video or voice, and best-effort data.
Remote Monitoring Remote Monitoring Remote Monitoring (RMON) provides a cost-effective way to monitor large networks by placing embedded or external probes on distributed network equipment (hubs, switches or routers). Network management software can access the probes embedded in recent Alcatel network products to perform traffic analysis, troubleshoot network problems, evaluate historical trends, or implement proactive management policies.
Advanced Topics 4-8
Appendix A: Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Chart Troubleshooting Chart Symptom Action Cannot connect using Telnet, Web browser, or SNMP software • Be sure you have configured the agent with a valid IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. • Check that you have a valid network connection to the switch and that the port you are using has not been disabled. • Check network cabling between the management station and the switch.
Troubleshooting Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port You can upgrade system firmware by connecting your computer to the serial port on the switch, and using a console interface package that supports the XModem protocol. (See “Required Connections” on page 1-1.) 1. Restart the system by using the Restart System command; or by pulling out the power cord to reset the power, waiting five seconds, and plugging it back in. 2.
Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port For details on managing the switch, refer to Chapter 2 for information on the out-of-band console interface, or Chapter 3 for information on the Web interface.
Troubleshooting A-4
Appendix B: Pin Assignments Console Port Pin Assignments The DB-9 serial port on the switch’s rear panel is used to connect to the switch for out-of-band console configuration. The on-board menu-driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal or from a PC running a terminal emulation program. The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in the following tables.
Pin Assignments Console Port to 25-Pin DTE Port on PC Switch’s 9-Pin Serial Port 1 DCD 2 RXD 3 TXD 4 DTR 5 SGND 6 DSR 7 RTS 8 CTS 9 RI B-2 Null Modem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 20 1 3 2 8 20 7 4 5 6 PC’s 25-Pin DTE Port 8 DCD 3 TXD 2 RXD 20 DTR 7 SGND 6 DSR 4 RTS 5 CTS 22 RI
Glossary Bandwidth Utilization The percentage of packets received over time as compared to overall bandwidth. BOOTP Boot protocol used to load the operating system for devices connected to the network. GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) Defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to register necessary VLAN members on ports along the Spanning Tree so that VLANs defined in each switch can work automatically over a Spanning Tree network.
Glossary Link Aggregation See Port Trunk. MIB An acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of database objects that contains information about the device. It defines variables needed by the SNMP protocol to monitor and control components in a network. Out-of-Band Management Management of the network from a station that is not attached to the network. Port Mirroring A method whereby data on a target port is mirrored to an analysis port for troubleshooting with a network sniffer or RMON probe.
Glossary Telnet Defines a remote communication facility for interfacing to a terminal device over TCP/IP. Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) The TCP/IP standard protocol for file transfer with minimal capability and minimal overhead. TFTP depends on the connectionless datagram delivery service, UDP. Virtual LAN (VLAN) A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network.
Glossary Glossary-4
Index Numerics H 802.1p port priority 4-6 802.
Index O out-of-band connection 1-1 P password configuration 3-11 pin assignments, console port B-1 Ping 2-11 port configuration 3-34, 3-35 information 3-33 mirror 3-37 overlapping 4-3 priority 2-41 statistics 3-39 trunk configuration 2-34 trunks 3-37, 4-6 priority port configuration 3-23 traffic class 3-24 problems, troubleshooting A-1 PVID 4-3 Q QoS configuration 2-41 Quality of Service (QoS) 3-23 R remote monitoring (RMON) 4-7 restoring switch configuration 3-14 RMON probes and mirror ports 3-37 S scr
Index W Web access requirements 3-1 browser connection 1-2 Web interface configuration buttons 3-3 home page 3-2 panel display 3-4 passwords 3-2 Web server 2-12 Weighted Fair Queuing 2-41 X XModem downloads A-2 Index-3
www.alcatel.com/enterprise Alcatel 26801 West Agoura Road Calabasas, CA 91301 USA Contact Center (800) 995-2612 US/Canada (818) 880-3500 Outside US www.alcatel.com/enterprise Product specifications contained in this document are subject to change without notice. Contact your local Alcatel representative for the most current information. Copyright © 2003 Alcatel Internetworking, Inc. All rights reserved.
