WipLL Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System Release 2.
This product is marked with a CE Mark (see below). This mark has been affixed to demonstrate full product compliance with the following European directives: a) Directive 73/23/EEC - Council Directive of 19/02/1973 on the harmonization of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits. b) Directive 89/336/EEC - Council Directive of 3/05/1989 on the approximation of laws of the Member States relating to Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC).
QUESTIONS / COMMENTS If you have questions or comments about this publication, please e-mail to documentation@marconi.com Name Company Tel/Fax/e-mail: Publication Name: My question/comment is: Thank you. Marconi Communications Ltd Marketing Department Catalogue No.
This page intentionally left blank
Contents Contents 1 GENERAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................ 1-1 1.1. Components of the System ........................................................... 1-4 1.1.1. The Subscriber Site ........................................................... 1-5 1.1.2. Base Station Components ................................................. 1-6 1.1.3. Coverage........................................................................... 1-7 1.2.
WipLL System Description 2.2. PPMA Protocol.............................................................................. 2-6 2.2.1. What is PPMA? ................................................................. 2-7 2.3. 2.2.1.1. Concept ............................................................. 2-7 2.2.1.2. Slotted Aloha Process........................................ 2-7 2.2.1.3. Packet Transmission.......................................... 2-8 2.2.1.4. Polling Sequence .....................
Contents 4.2.3. Communication Interfaces ................................................. 4-5 4.2.4. Features and Protocols...................................................... 4-6 4.2.4.1. Features............................................................. 4-6 4.2.4.2. Protocols............................................................ 4-6 4.2.5. Unsynchronized vs Synchronized Operation.................... 4-10 5 BSDU ..............................................................................
WipLL System Description 6.2.2. SPR Options...................................................................... 6-3 6.2.3. SPR Standard Accessories................................................ 6-4 6.2.4. Network Management........................................................ 6-4 6.2.5. Capabilities ........................................................................ 6-5 6.2.6. Physical Interfaces ............................................................ 6-5 6.2.6.1. Connectors: .............
Contents 8.3.2. Viewing the Front Panel..................................................... 8-6 8.3.3. Viewing the Rear Panel ..................................................... 8-7 8.4. DC Distribution Rack (optional) ..................................................... 8-7 8.4.1. Overview............................................................................ 8-7 8.4.2. Viewing the Front Panel..................................................... 8-8 8.4.3. Viewing the Rear Panel .................
WipLL System Description vi 9.13. RSSI analysis in WipConfig .......................................................... 9-6 9.14. What is RFC 1918?....................................................................... 9-6 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Contents Figures Figure ý1-1: Typical Wipll System Partitioning .................................................... 1-2 Figure ý1-2: Typical WipLL System..................................................................... 1-3 Figure ý1-3: Typical Subscriber Configuration..................................................... 1-5 Figure ý1-4: Base Station Units........................................................................... 1-6 Figure ý1-5: Base Station Covering 360° .............................
WipLL System Description Figure ý7-3: Subscriber Data and Telephony Adapter (SDTA)............................ 7-7 Figure ý8-1: BSPS Block Diagram ...................................................................... 8-2 Figure ý8-2: BSPS Main Rack - Front Panel ....................................................... 8-4 Figure ý8-3: BSPS Main Rack - Rear Panel........................................................ 8-5 Figure ý8-4: BSPS Extension Rack - Front Panel ........................................
Contents Tables Table ý4-1: Antenna Unit Connectors ................................................................. 4-5 Table ý4-2: BSR and MAC Specifications ........................................................... 4-7 Table ý4-3: BSR Agency Certification ................................................................. 4-7 Table ý4-4: BSR Network Specifications............................................................. 4-8 Table ý4-5: BSR Power Requirements.........................................
WipLL System Description Glossary ACK ................................ Acknowledge API .................................. Application Program Interface BER ................................ Bit Error Rate BSDU .............................. Base Station Distribution Unit BSPS .............................. Base Station Power System BSR ................................ Base Station Radio CLI .................................. Call Level Interface CRC ................................
Contents NOC ................................ Network Operations Centre ODBC ............................. Open Database Connectivity PING ............................... Package Internet Groper PMPT .............................. Point-to-Multi-Point PPMA ............................. Pre-emptive Polling Multiple Access PPP ................................ Point to Point Protocol QoS ................................ Quality of Service RCCB .............................
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank xii Marconi Communications Ltd.
1 Chapter GENERAL OVERVIEW WipLL is a broadband fixed cellular Wireless Access system. It provides an "all-inone" broadband access solution for operators and network service providers supporting data applications including "toll quality" telephony service1 over a single integrated platform. WipLL utilizes air protocol that enables one of WipLL's unique features - the ability to recognize the type of the transmission and assign bandwidth and other resources accordingly.
WipLL System Description Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Base Station Site Base Station Site Base Station Site Base Station Site Non WLL Users Non IP Systems Network Operating Centre Figure 1-1: Typical Wipll System Partitioning WipLL provides a radio link between the end-user of the telecom network (the subscriber) and the network itself to give high-speed data access.
Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW base station. The base station then links through an Ethernet connection to datacom or IP network. Each local base station serves numerous subscribers in its vicinity. The WipLL components at the subscribers' premises and at the base stations can be remotely controlled and configured by a management system using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Figure 1-2 shows a diagram of a Typical WipLL installation.
WipLL System Description 1.1. Components of the System The WipLL system comprises three main components as indicated in Figure 1-1: 1) Subscriber site 2) Base station 3) Coverage 1-4 of 1-12 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1.1.1. The Subscriber Site Each subscriber site contains Subscriber Premises Equipment (SPE) that links the subscriber to the WipLL system. The SPE consists of: • A Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) • A subscriber adapter or one of a set selected per application The SPE performs routing functions between the customer site and the base station. The SPE also performs local Quality of Service (QoS) functions, such as re-ordering packets and assigning Time-to-Live (TTL).
WipLL System Description 1.1.2. Base Station Components Each base station site contains several components that enable: • Connection to telecom system • Internal switching of traffic • Power supply • Radio communications. Some of these components are mandatory and others optional depending on the configuration of the site and the particular type of network backbone interconnection.
Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW A BSR can maintain a 3 Mbit air link with customers in its sector (net throughput of 2.4 Mb/s). A single base station has a capacity of up to 72 Mb/s and can support up to 3024 customer sites. The area covered by a single base station is called a cell and can extend to a radius of up to 25 km in ideal locations, about 6 km in suburban locations and about 2 km in urban locations dependent on locally permitted RF transmission power. 1.1.3.
WipLL System Description Not all six sectors need be equipped. For example at a housing development that faces open farmland, one could site a base station that only covers 180 degrees to provide facilities only to the housing development.
Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW or • Partial sector overlap with each layer of BSRs offset to the one above it - see Figure 1-8. This gives more capacity in areas where high demand requires more bandwidth. Figure 1-8: Base Station Sector 1.2.
WipLL System Description 1.2.1. WipManage WipManage™ is the primary WipLL network management tool for every WipLL unit. It enables: • Configuration • Fault isolation • Performance monitoring • Software upgrade WipManage can access each unit in the system and manage it remotely using standard SNMP protocols for communicating with the WipLL unit, private and standard MIBs for setting and retrieving parameters from the units.
Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW • Configuration and monitoring of the WipLL units via a serial or Ethernet port. It supports Microsoft Windows 9x and Windows 2000 platforms. MCIL-WIPLL-SDN_R1_40 Marconi Communications Ltd.
2 Chapter MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS The WipLL system is designed to provide internet access and telephony service using spread spectrum frequency hopping technology to minimize interference in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. Data is transmitted as Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Each packet is divided into fragments, and fragments can be repeated several times to ensure Quality of Service (QoS). Other techniques such as CRC and space diversity further enhance the system performance.
WipLL System Description • Leverages new technologies and applications. • Built-in security features. 2.1.2. Operator Perspective Very efficient network due to: • Single access platform for multiple applications. • Bandwidth used only when there is real data to transmit. • Shared bandwidth between users. • No dedicated bandwidth to customer but capabilities to ensure throughput to the users. • Uncommitted direction of transmission, no need to commit to full duplex.
Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS • Service on demand. 2.1.5. Configuration • Integrated IP router. • Single outdoor box solution, i.e. no external SPR antennas or RF cables. • Up to 100 meters of standard category 5 cable from the radio unit to the indoor adapter. • Standard 10Base-T interface to the subscriber site and 100Base-T interface to the network backbone. 2.1.6. Installation and Commissioning • Easy installation and commissioning using the WipConfig tool.
WipLL System Description not liable for violation of regulations associated with theinstallation of outddor units. • All installed units must be installed with a seperation distance of at least 2 meters from all person during normal operation. 2.1.7. Security • Login process with authentication mechanism. • Data scrambling using public and private keys. 2.1.8. MAC Protocol • Supports up to 126 subscriber sites per BSR, up to 3024 subscriber sites per base station.
Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 2.1.9. Radio Communications • Frequency hopping spread spectrum system (FH -CDMA). • Integrated antenna diversity in a single box. • Variety of antenna types, internal and external. • Configurable maximum output power up to 34dBm. • Automatic power control to minimize interference between cells and to reduce transmission power where possible. • Configurable frequency tables for efficient re-use of available bandwidth. 2.1.10. Management 2.1.10.1.
WipLL System Description 2.1.11. System Parameters • Temperature range of • Compliance with ETSI and FCC Regulations. 2.1.12. RF This environment consists of point to multi-point directional antennas pointing towards the base station. Distances between stations and the base station may differ. Some may be near while others may be far away. Additional features include: • Multi-site mutual interference. • Frequency hopping.
Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS • Packets are generated usually every 30ms. (depending on the Residential Access Gateway (RAG) and sampling rate) • Requires minimal delay. • Silence suppression no packets 2.2. PPMA Protocol This section describes the Preemptive Polling Multiple Access (PPMA) protocol. It discusses the environment in which this protocol operates, its task and description of the PPMA protocol as used by WipLL.
WipLL System Description SPRs. The waiting time is called Slotted Aloha due to the fact that the BSR waits for a time that is equivalent to 16 messages of "Request to Send" (RTS). The messages are synchroniz ed so that an SPR does not transmit a message before the previous message is ended. The timing of each RTS message is represented as a "Slot". SPRs are independent to choose which slots to use for sending their requirements.
Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS The polling sequence of data applications is managed by the BSR based on the information gathered during the Slotted Aloha process. Data applications can sustain relatively long delays before expecting a response and therefore their packets can be delayed within the SPRs before being sent to the BSR and on to the network. Other applications which require a smaller delay for their packets are polled first.
WipLL System Description In case the SPR is not included in the "Allowed SPR" list or the address it provides for the BSR is incorrect no message will be sent to it and the association process will be terminated. 2.4. QoS Quality of Service (QoS) is the ability to recognize the type of the transmission and assign bandwidth and other resources accordingly.
Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 2.5. Echo Management Packet b ased systems are likely to introduce more delay (and variable) than circuit switched systems. Increased delay could present quality problems with time bounded services such as voice communication.
WipLL System Description PSTN has traditionally been a low delay network and has not bothered with echo cancellation, at least in smaller countries, if the round trip delay is below 50ms. Echo cancellors are used in international calls between different PSTNs. The key principle is that the network that causes the echo should cancel it.
3 Chapter APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES WipLL can be installed in several configurations to support different required applications. The following paragraphs discuss some of the applications and services that can be provided with WipLL. 3.1. Applications 3.1.1. Fixed Cellular Access System Typically WipLL is used as a broadband fixed wireless access system.
WipLL System Description Figure 3-1 : WipLL Cell Subscriber Premises Radios (SPRs) are normally installed on a rooftop or a wall which has a direct line of sight to the base station radio (BSR) and are pointed towards the nearest base station or the base station that was assigned according to the pre-planning of the site. well as enough capacity to accommodate the requirements of subscribers. When a full area is covered, WipLL can provide services to tens of thousands of users.
Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES Important!! o BSR-2.4 and SPR-2.4 outdoor units with internal antennas should be installedONLY by experienced installation professionals who are familiar with localbuilding and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void theMARCONI product warranty and may expose the end user or the service providerto legal and financial liabilities.
WipLL System Description Figure 3-2 : WipLL Coverage Planning 3.1.3. Remote Base Station Backhaul Occasionally, when base stations are providing services to a small number of subscribers or when large capacity is not required, WipLL SPRs and BSRs can be used for backhauling. Such configurations can be considered in most cases as a point-to -point (PTP) connection.
Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES Figure 3-3 shows a typical backhauling of a base station using WipLL. Figure 3-3: WipLL Backhauling Remote base stations are typically required when the main base station sites cannot cover an area due to lack of line-of-sight or when the distance exceeds the capability of the radios to provide services. It is recommended that a maximum of two hops be used between a main base station and a subscriber site.
WipLL System Description 3.1.3.1. Indoor Coverage (Not for use in North America) In many applications there is a need to provide access to users located in the lower floors of a building. These users usually do not have a direct line -of-sight with a base station. WipLL can be used for indoor coverage for apartment buildings and office areas.
Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3.2. Services 3.2.1. Broadband Data Access Using a standard PSTN modem in circuit-switched networks customers are limited to 56Kbps of throughput and in most cases to 28.8Kbps. From the operator's perspective once a customer has dialed with a PSTN modem a full 128Kbps channel is occupied for as long as the session lasts. With WipLL customers are limited only by configuration, with a maximum of 4Mbps, 50 times faster than the fastest PSTN modem.
WipLL System Description WipLL can also distinguish between applications and users, thus enabling the operator to provide different class of service to users. For example, it can provide different services to web browsing and email, prioritizing web browsing for ensuring best "Internet experience". 3.2.3. Private Networks WipLL allows the configuration for providing connectivity to branch offices.
Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3.2.4. Remote Access WipLL is very suitable for tele -workers who require high speed access combined with private network and flexible configuration. The interface to the system is 10Base-T and enables seamless configuration between office and remote location. 3.2.5.
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 3-10 of 3-10 Marconi Communications Ltd.
4 Chapter BSR 4.1. Base Station Radio A BSR is the centre of a WipLL sector. It has several roles in both the MAC layer as well as in the networking and transport layers. In the MAC layer the BSR is responsible for synchr onizing the SPRs in terms of timing, frequency hopping sequence, authentication, and control - allowing (or not) the transmission of data within the sector.
WipLL System Description as 18 Mbit /s per base station to be shared among the remote users. Each individual BSR delivers up to 4Mbps using only a minimal 1MHz of radio bandwidth. As capacity demand grows, more BSR's can be added to a total of 24 per cell, providing approximately 96Mbps throughput and connection to up to 3,024 discrete subscriber sites, however such a configuration would require a bandwidth allocation of at least 75 MHz. Figure 4 -1: Typical BSR Installation 4.1.1.
Chapter 4 - BSR • From WipLL Rele ase 1.4, the BSR will also have an optional N-Type connector for attaching an optional 3rd -party external antenna 1 (Not for North America only for ETSI countries). 4.2. Network Management The BSR is managed using SNMP and standard proprietary MIBs for the specific configurations of the BSR 4.2.1. Capabilities • Configuration - network parameters (IP address, ports, routing tables, etc.), RF parameters (frequency tables, allowed CS, etc.
WipLL System Description 4.2.2. Physical Interfaces • DB15 connector - power, Ethernet, sync and serial. • DB9 connector - for serial interface. Figure 4-2: BSR Assembly 4-4 of 4-10 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 4 - BSR Table 4 -1: Antenna Unit Connectors 9 Pin Communications Connector 15 Pin Data/Power Connector 1 nc 1 + VIN F 2 3 Rx 2 3 - VIN F 4 5 nc 4 5 Ethernet Tx - 6 7 nc Ethernet Rx - Ground 6 7 8 nc 8 nc 9 +5vDC 9 +VIN F 10 - VIN F 11 VCC 12 GND 13 nc 14 232 Rx 15 232 Tx Tx Ground Ethernet Tx + Ethernet Rx + nc 4.2.3. Communication Interfaces • Ethernet, 10Mbps. • Serial, RS-232. MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R2_00 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description 4.2.4. Features and Protocols 4.2.4.1. Features • Synchronization of hops between BSRs. • Software upgrade - with TFTP. • Static routing tables - 16 entries per each SPR plus 32 entries for the Ethernet side, total 256 x 16 entries - 4096 routing entries. • QoS - proprietary. • Network management - SNMPv2 • Multiple concurrent open sessions - up to 50 4.2.4.2. Protocols • ARP • DHCP / BOOTP relay • TFTP • ICMP • SNMP 4-6 of 4-10 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 4 - BSR Table 4-2: BSR and MAC Specifications Parameter Value Comment Operating frequency range Rel 1.2 Rel 1.4 2.4GHz 2.4GHz Spectrum spreading method Frequency hopping CDMA Duplex method Time division (TDD) - 2.
WipLL System Description Forwarding Rate 1400 Frames / sec Routing table length 64 x 16 Data open -sessions per BSR 50 Table 4 -5 : BSR Power Requirements Parameter Value Voltage Minimum: Maximum: 48Vdc nominal 30Vdc 55Vdc Amperes Maximum: 500mA Comment Fed from the BSDU Table 4-6 : BSR Environmental Conditions Parameter Value Operating Temperature Outdoor units (BSR,SPR) - Storage Temperature - Comment Optional range of - Table 4 -7: BSR Network Interface Parameter Value Ethernet N
Chapter 4 - BSR Table 4 -8 : BSR Physical Dimensions Parameter Value Height 400mm Width 317mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 4.7kg MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R2_00 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description 4.2.5. Unsynchronized vs Synchronized Operation (Not for North America only for ETSI countries). In unsynchronized mode, BSRs use random frequency tables. As such signal collision is quite possible leading to frequent retransmission. Using orthogonal tables helps to reduce this to a limited extent. In synchronized mode, all BSRs use the same frequency table. A signal received from the BSDU restarts the table phase.
5 Chapter BSDU 5.1. Base Station Distribution Unit The Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU) is a major building block of the base station. It performs the main indoor functions of the WipLL base-station. This mainly refers to the interfacing function between the Base Station Radios (BSRs), the Wide Area Network (WAN) and the DC power system. Figure 5 -1 : The WipLL BSDU The functions implemented by the BSDU in the WipLL system's base station are: • Data switching.
WipLL System Description connecting to other BSDUs, a DB15 connector for the GPS plus mechanical brackets for mounting the BSDU unit in a 19" rack 5.2. Network Management 5.2.1. Management Information Base • Standard Management Information Base (MIB) - Ethernet, switch. From WipLL Release 1.4, WipManage also controls the BSDU using SNMP. • Marconi proprietary MIBS for managing the hop synchronization plus other specific parameters 5.2.2.
Chapter 5 - BSDU • -T. • -T. • 5.3.2. Communication Interfaces • Fast Ethernet, 100Base-T • Ethernet, 10Mbps. • Serial, RS-232. 5.4. Features and Protocols 5.4.1. Features • Synchronization of hops between BSRs - the BSDU is the master (Not for North America it is only for ETSI countries). • Software upgrade - with TFTP. • Network management - SNMPv2 5.4.2. Protocols • ARP • TFTP • ICMP • SNMP MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R2_00 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description 5.5. Table of Specifications - BSDU 5.5.1. Network Specificatio ns • Filtering rate - 105 000 frames / sec. • Forwarding rate - 62 500 frames / sec. 5.5.2. Power Requirements • Voltage- 48v DC nominal • Power consumption - 5.5.3. Environmental Conditions • Operating temperature 0C to +50C • Storage temperature -40C to +80C 5.5.4. Network Interface • Ethernet Network - RJ45: UTP EIA/TIA - Category 5 5.5.5. Standards Compliance • ANSI/IEEE 802.
Chapter 5 - BSDU 5.5.6. Physical Dimensions Table 5 -1: BSDU Physical Dimensions Parameter Value Height 4.32 cm Width 48.26 cm Depth 22.86 cm Weight 2.9 kg 5.6. GPS (not for use in North America, only in ETSI countries). Figure 5-2 : Global Positioning System (GPS) Antenna In order to synchronize a multiple BSDU environment and avoid RF ghosting effects it is critical that the entire network operates with the same clock.
WipLL System Description The GPS is available in a variety of configurations to suit the integration requirements: RS-422 for up to a 100-meter cable, DGPS input, 1 pulse-per- second output, 7- or 12-pin connectors, direct or cable mount, 1-14 UNS thread or 3 screws 10-32 UNF mounting.
Chapter 5 - BSDU All connections are made through a single 12-conductor cable. Pin numbers and signals are shown in Figure 5-3 and Table 5-1.
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 5-8 of 5-8 Marconi Communications Ltd.
6 Chapter SPR 6.1. Subscriber Premises Radio The subscriber site typically includes a Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) and a Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA). Figure 6-1 shows a typical SPR installation. Figure 6 -1: Typical SPR Installation MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R2_00 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description SPR Subscriber Adapter Video Conferencing Figure 6 -2: Typical Subscriber Site 6.2. SPR/BSR Communications The SPR transmits and receives data to and from the base station. It is typically located on the roof or external wall of the subscriber premises. The SPR has the reference number of the Base Station Radio (BSR) coded into it. This prevents the SPR from being removed and placed at a different location without authorisation. The SPR contains a high-gain directional antenna.
Chapter 6 - SPR The SPR is connected to the wired network through an SDA or SDTA supplied with WipLL Release 1.4, with a 10Base-T Ethernet connection which allows a cable length of up to 100 meters. The capacity of each SPR is up to 4Mbps. 6.2.1. SPR Configurations Different versions of the SPR are available. Options include different mechanical, memory and antenna beam span configurations. 6.2.2. SPR Options • Standard SPR - an SPR with basic functionality.
WipLL System Description 6.2.3. SPR Standard Accessories • Mechanical mounting brackets - for mounting the units on a wall. • DB15 connector for the data port with waterproof cover. 6.2.4. Network Management • MIB - standard MIBs - Ethernet, router • Marconi proprietary 6-4 of 6-12 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 6 - SPR 6.2.5. Capabilities • Configuration - network parameters (IP address, ports, routing tables, etc.), RF parameters (frequency tables, allowed BSRs, etc.). • Traps - send traps as per configuration. • Fault management - debugging options. • Statistical counters - for packet loss, etc. 6.2.6. Physical Interfaces 6.2.6.1. Connectors: • DB15 - power, Ethernet and serial. • DB9 - serial interface. 6.2.6.2. Communication Interfaces: • Ethernet - 10 Mbps. • Serial - RS-232. 6.2.7.
WipLL System Description • QoS - Proprietary. • Network management - SNMPv2 • Concurrent open sessions - 50 6.2.7.2. Protocols • - ARP • - • - TFTP • - ICMP • - SNMP 6-6 of 6-12 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 6 - SPR Table 6-1 : Radio and MAC Specifications Parameter Value Operating frequency Release 1.2 Release 1.4 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz Spectrum spreading method Frequency hopping CDMA Duplexing Method Time Div. Duplex (TDD) 2.
WipLL System Description Table 6-3: Netw ork Specifications Parameter Value Filtering rate 10500 frames / sec Forwarding rate 1300 frames / sec Routing table length 16 Comment Table 6 -4 : Power Requirements Parameter Value Comment Voltage Minimum Maximum 48Vdc nominal 30Vdc 55Vdc Fed from either the SDA Consumption Maximum 500mA Table 6-5 : Environmental Considerations Parameter Value Operating temperature Outdoor units (BSR,SPR) - Storage temperature - Comment Optional range of
Chapter 6 - SPR Table 6-7: SPR Physical Dimensions (w/o High Gain Antenna) Parameter Value Height 311mm Width 244mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 2.5kg Comment Excluding mounting kit Table 6-8 : SPR Physical Dimensions (with High Gain Antenna) Parameter Value Height 400mm Width 317mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 4.7kg Comment Excluding mounting kit Note: The cable and connector are the same as for the base station. MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R2_00 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description 6.3. Interface Connectors Figure 6-4 and Table 6-9 detail the pin configuration for the SPR interfaces. Figure 6-4: SPR Assembly 6-10 of 6-12 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 6 - SPR Table 6 -9 : SPR Connectors 9 Pin Communications Connector 15 Pin Data/Power Connector 1 nc 1 + VIN F 2 3 Rx 2 3 - VIN F 4 5 nc 4 5 Ethernet Tx - 6 7 nc Ethernet Rx - Ground 6 7 8 nc 8 nc 9 +5vDC 9 10 +VIN F 11 12 13 14 VCC 15 232 Tx Tx Ground Ethernet Tx + Ethernet Rx + nc - VIN F GND nc 232 Rx The cable run must be mechanically protected and supported at maximum 1 meter intervals in a 20mm galvanised steel flexible conduit for external runs and in 20m
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 6-12 of 6-12 Marconi Communications Ltd.
7 Chapter Customer Interface Adaptors 7.1. General WipLL uses Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate between subscribers. Analog tele to PSTN signaling by IP Telephony Gateways. WipLL subscriber units contain the client-side IP Telephony gateway. The PSTN gateway can be located anywhere within the network. 7.1.1. Configurations WipLL's subscriber data and telephony adapter is located at the subscriber premises.
WipLL System Description protection and data connection to the SPR. It connects to the main power and includes LEDs for display of network connection and data traffic. The SDA box can be wall mounted, in a communications closet or sited on a desk. 7.2.1. SDA Specifications • Dimensions: 150mm Height x 150mm width x 58.5mm depth • Weight: .
Chapter 7 - Customer Interface Adaptors Figure 7-1 : Subsc riber Data Adapter (SDA) The SDA includes lightning arrestors to protect the customer's local network from lightning. The SDA is connected to a standard power outlet (110 -240vAC). The units are generally installed indoors in a communications cabinet or mounted on a MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R1_40 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description wall. An SDA can also be placed on a table or shelf next to the customer's communications equipment. Table 7-1 illustrates the data connector pinouts. Table 7 -1: Data Connections 8-way Connector J3 J2 1 nc 1 +Tx2 1 +Rx3 2 nc 2 -Tx2 2 -Rx3 3 -48v 3 +Rx2 3 +Tx3 4 +48v 4 nc 4 nc 5 -Tx 5 nc 5 nc 6 +Tx 6 -Rx2 6 -Tx3 7 -Rx 7 nc 7 nc 8 +RX 8 nc 8 nc 7-4 of 7-8 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 7 - Customer Interface Adaptors 7.3. SDTA The Subscriber Data and Telephony Adapter (SDTA) is a residential gateway that telephone lines. It also provides power, lightning protection and data connection to the SPR. It connects to the main power and includes LEDs for display of network connection and data traffic.
WipLL System Description 7.3.1. SDTA Specifications • Dimensions: 150mm Height x 150mm width x 70mm depth • Weight: 1.9 Kg • Power: 40 watts • Voltage: 48Vdc • Environmental Conditions • • • • Connections • 2 RJ11 telephone sockets • Power socket • DB15 WAN socket • DB9 serial socket (concealed) • RJ45 LAN socket Accessories • 48Vdc 750mA power supply • Wall mounting kit.(optional) 7.3.2.
Chapter 7 - Customer Interface Adaptors • 10baseT, ANSI/IEEE 802.3 • 48Vdc, 50W • RJ-11 telephone sockets To the Ethernet: • RJ-45 connector • 10-BaseT, ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Figure 7 -3 : Subscriber Data and Telephony Adapter (SDTA) The SDTA includes lightning arrestors to protect the customer's local network from lightning. The SDTA is connected to a standard power outlet (110-240vAC). Units are generally installed indoors in a communications cabinet or mounted on a wall.
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 7-8 of 7-8 Marconi Communications Ltd.
8 Chapter Chapter BSPS The Marconi Base Station Power System (BSPS) supplies the following: • Provides off-line power to sensitive equipment • Charges the battery bank that provides backup power during a mains failure. Thus, this system is essentially a DC-UPS with a battery connected to it. The size of the battery determines the backup and charging time. Since the system is current limited, the maximum battery size is based on that limit.
WipLL System Description 8.1. General -48V MAINS c.sharing Rectifier Rectifier Rectifier V-Control ALARM LOAD VOUT DUAL - LVD POWER SYSTEM CONTROLLER I - LOAD I - SUPPLY SUPPLY SHUNT RS 232 LOAD SHUNT DRY CONTACT - IN TEMPERATURE Figure 8-1 : BSPS Block Diagram As shown in Figure 8-1, 3 rectifiers (or more) are chained in parallel to provide the current capacity needed. The output voltage of the rectifiers feeds the load and charges the batteries through the dual LVD.
Chapter 8 - BSPS Another bus (ALARM) sends the information of a faulty rectifier module to the system controller. Two accurate shunt-resistors are contained in the system to monitor the load and the total current. The battery current is then calculated by the controller to be the difference between the two. Two temperature sensors are connected to measure the battery temperature. The average temperature is calculated and demonstrated.
WipLL System Description 8.2.2. Front Panel Figure 8-2: BSPS Main Rack - Front Panel The following components are illustrated in Figure 8-3: 1) 2) Rectifier module 3) System controller module 4) Line breaker 5) Battery breaker 6) Load breakers 8.2.3. Rear Panel The following components are shown in Figure 8-4: 1) LINE IN - AC line input terminations 2) LINE OUT - connection for the extension rack (when exists) 8-4 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 8 - BSPS 3) COMM - data and communication connection for extension rack 4) P.S. EXT - DC connection to the extension rack 5) LVD BYPASS - connection for the DC distribution rack 6) TEMP SENSOR - temperature sensor terminals (four wires) 7) GND - Ground terminal Figure 8-3: BSPS Main Rack - Rear Panel 8.3. Extension Rack (optional) 8.3.1. Overview The extension rack is optional and is used only for getting more power from the system. It can house up to 6 rectifiers.
WipLL System Description 8.3.2. Front Panel Figure 8-4: BSPS Extension Rack - Front Panel The following are the components illustrated in Figure 8-4: 1) Rectifier module 2) Rectifier load bar graph 3) Rectifier status green LED 4) Rectifier module fasteners 8-6 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 8 - BSPS 8.3.3. Rear Panel Figure 8-5: BSPS Exte nsion Rack - Rear Panel The following are the components specified in Figure 8-5: 1) LINE IN - AC line input terminations 2) COMM - data and communication connection to the main rack 3) P.S. EXT - DC connection to the main rack 4) GND - Ground terminal 8.4. DC Distribution Rack (optional) 8.4.1. Overview This section is optional and provides more circuit -breakers (CB's) for the sake of distributing the output current to more separate consumers.
WipLL System Description The distribution rack also contains the terminations for connecting to other parts of the system (main and extension racks). 8.4.2. Front Panel Figure 8-6: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Front Panel 8.4.3. Rear Panel Figure 8 -7: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Rear Panel 8-8 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 8 - BSPS 8.5. Basic Rectifier Module The PFC50-6 rectifier module is the heart of the Full-Redundancy 48VDC power system. It is a plugged-in module designed specifically for modular systems. The power factor correction (PFC) device at the input enables clean, stable, sinusoidal current consumption from the mains. This converter produces a 382VDC output, which is then converted to the 50V output. A current sharing circuit is responsible for current sharing among the rectifiers.
WipLL System Description 8.5.1. Block Diagram Figure 8-8 : BSPS Rectifier - Simplified Block Diagram 8-10 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 8 - BSPS 8.5.2. Front Panel Figure 8-9 : BSPS Rectifier Module - Front Panel Table 8-1: Rectifier Specifications INPUT OUTPUT Voltage 90VAC to 270VAC Current (nominal) 1.6A @ 230V / 3.2A @ 115V Frequency 47Hz to 63Hz Power factor (nominal line/load) ≥ 0.993 Inrush current (at 25 °C ambient) < 65A@230V / 33A@115V Voltage (default) 53.5VDC Regulation (line & load) (1) ± 0.4% Adjustable range 47 to 58 VDC Current 6A @ 54V MCIL -WIPLL-SDN_R1_40 Marconi Communications Ltd.
WipLL System Description Ripple & noise 50mVp -p 8.6. System Controller Module 8.6.1. Front Panel Figure 8 -10 : BSPS System Controller - Front Panel Description: AC - Input AC voltage is normal (green) DC - Output DC voltage is normal (green) 8-12 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
Chapter 8 - BSPS LVD - Low Voltage Disconnect circuit is open (battery is disconnected, red) BATT - Battery test passed (green) FAULT - General alarm fault (red-continuous), Faulty rectifier (red -blinks) BATT TEST - Manual battery test, use a pencil tip to initiate ALARM OFF - Silences the internal buzzer, use a pencil tip RESET - Resetting the controller, use a pencil tip RS232 - Connector for the host 8.6.2.
WipLL System Description 12) Abnormal condition detection (AC, DC, battery, over-temperature etc.) 8.6.3. Host Communication The detailed protocol of communication is described in section 8.7 Communication Protocol & Data , page 8-14. The RS232 plug, located at the front panel is used for the connection with the h ost. pin assignment for the DB9 connector is as follows: RS232 COM Tx Rx 5 1 9 6 Figure 8 -11 : DB9 Connector 8.7.
Chapter 8 - BSPS 9) Upon a reception of a header start (0xAC) there will be a start of a reception window 500mSec long. In case that a valid packet has been received it will be processed. Otherwise, the controller will initialize the reception counter. This protocol provides the user with the ability of controlling the power system parameters as well as retrieving data and status from the system. 8.7.1. Master The master sends its packet including header, opcode , data, checksum and termination.
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 8-16 of 8-16 Marconi Communications Ltd.
9 Chapter Appendix 9.1. New Features Release 1.4 S/N Feature Remarks 1 3.5 GHz (Not for North America) FDD mode in addition to 2.4 GHz (TDD) 2 External antenna for BSR (Not for North America) N -type connector (only for 2.4GHz) 3 GPS for synchronization among Base Stations (Not for North America) Adapter connects BSDU for Rev C only 4 BSPS Provides power to the Base Station 5 VoIP (for test & demo): H.
WipLL System Description 9.2. 3.5 GHz ((Not for North America). • • • WipLL now provides a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) solution in the licensed 3.5GHz band, as well as 2.4GHz unlicensed ISM frequency band. Previous releases supported 2.4GHz only. In a point-to-multipoint system, a base station radio communicates with multiple SPRs, using either Time Division Duplexing (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD). WipLL release 1.4 now uses FDD mode when working at 3.
Chapter 9 - Appendix 9.4. GPS for synchronization among Base Stations (Not for North America) • • • • In order to synchronize an environment of multiple Base Station Distribution Units (BSDUs), it is critical that the entire network operates with the same clock. Base stations are now equipped with a GPS antenna, which receives a universal satellite clock signal. WipLL R elease 1.4 includes software modification to the BSDU to support a GPS. A BSDU revision C provides the GPS with 48VDC.
WipLL System Description 9.7. Improved Quality of Service (QoS) § § § § § § § § QoS is the ability to recognize the type of transmission and assign optimal resources accordingly. This is especially important for VoIP applications, that are sensitive to delay and jitter and should therefore be prioritized over other applications. QoS is used for packets leaving the SPRs towards the BSR as well as among SPRs making sure that the BSR assigns the correct priority to the correct SPR. WipLL 1.
Chapter 9 - Appendix In a congested network, the real maximum bandwidth for an SPR cannot reach the defined value, but is still in proportion to the value configured. For example, an SPR that is set to a maximum of 256Kbps can reach a maximum bandwidth significantly larger than the maximum standard bandwidth of an SPR set to a 64Kbps. 9.9. SNMP support for BSDU The BSDU is a major building block in a base station site. As such it is required to be remotely managed by WipManage. As part of release 1.
WipLL System Description This feature now increases the flexibility of WipLL, permits more efficient use of IP pre-existing networks. For example a user that uses private IP addresses from the range of 192.168.0.0 does not have to change IP addresses in the network when installing WipLL. 9.12. Default configurations via WipConfig & WipManage nd installation, release 1.4 provides 2 layers of default configurations for SPRs: 1. Customer defaults located in ROM and loaded during manufacturing.
Chapter 9 - Appendix The RFC 1918 addresses that can be used are: • Class A: 10.x.x.x • Class B range: 172.16.0.0 -172.31.0.0 • Class C range: 192.168.1.x -192.168.254.x The advantages of using these numbers on the inside of the firewall are twofold: • hout fear of running out of addresses • addresses. For example, if arbitrarily using the Class C range of 192.31.7.
WipLL System Description This page intentionally left blank 9-8 of 9-8 Marconi Communications Ltd.
INDEX System Controller, 8-12 BSR Redundancy, 1-8 BSRs IP addresses of air ports of, 9-5 A Audio/visual alarm, 8-3 B C Base Station, 9-1, 9-3 Distribution Unit, 1-6, 5-1, 9-3 Giving Partial Cover, 1-8 Power System, 9-3 Radio, 1-6, 1-7, 5-1, 6-2 Sector, 1-9 Site, 1-1 Units, 1-6 Basic Rectifier Front panel of, 8-11 Batteries, 8-2 Battery, 8-1, 8-3, 8-7, 8-13 bank, 8-1 circuit breakers, 8-3 size, 8-1 temperature, 8-3 test, 8-13 manual, 8-13 BSPS Block Diagram, 8-2 DC Distribution Rack, 8-8 Extension Rack, 8
WipLL System Description Firewall, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7 Frequency Division Duplexing, 9-2 Front Panel, 8-4, 8-6, 8-8, 8-11, 8-12 Marconi Base Station Power System, 8-1 Mbytes/s air link, 1-7 N G GPS antenna, 9-3 connector view, 5-7 GPS antenna, 9-3 Network Operations Center, 1-1 N-type connector, 9-2 O Opcode, 8-15 H Housing development, 1-8 P P.S.
INDEX link, 1-2 transceivers, 1-2 Rear Panel, 8-5, 8-7, 8-8 Received_checksum, 8-15 Received_opcode, 8-15 Rectifier, 8-9 Faulty, 8-13 Rectifier load bar graph, 8-6 Rectifier module, 8-3 PFC50-6, 8-9 Rectifier module fasteners, 8-6 Rectifier modules, 8-2 Rectifier Specifications, 8-11 Rectifier status, 8-6 Rectifiers, 8-2, 8-5, 8-9 Release 1.
WipLL System Description WipConfig & WipManage, 9-6 WipLL 1.4, 9-2, 9-3 voice support, 9-3 broadband cellular wireless system, 1-1 hardware, 1-1 INDEX 4 of 4 network management tool, 1-10 system, 1-1, 1-4 unit, 1-10, 1-11 WipManage \i, 9-1 Wireless Access system broadband fixed cellular, 1-1 Wireless Local Loop solution, 9-2 Marconi Communications Ltd.