Calibration Guide Agilent Technologies ESG Vector Signal Generator This guide applies to signal generator models and associated serial number prefixes listed below. Depending on your firmware revision, signal generator operation may vary from descriptions in this guide. E4438C: US4146 Part Number: E4400-90509 Printed in USA March 2002 © Copyright 2001, 2002 Agilent Technologies, Inc.
Notice The material contained in this document is provided “as is”, and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warranties, either express or implied with regard to this manual and to any of the Agilent products to which it pertains, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Contents 1. Getting Started Overview of Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2 Confirming Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3 Installing Service Support Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4 Uninstalling Service Support Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents AM Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 Recommended Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 Equipment Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 Phase Modulation Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Recommended Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31 Equipment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31 Burst Modulation On/Off Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32 Recommended Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Required Test Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Analog Bus ADC Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents FM Path Offset Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 Required Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24 External Input Peak Detector Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 Required Test Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents ALC Modulation Driver Bias Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-35 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-35 Required Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-35 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents x
1 Getting Started 1- 1
Getting Started Overview of Getting Started Overview of Getting Started Agilent’s service support software allows fast and accurate testing of the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator. This chapter describes how to install, configure, and run service support software so that you can adjust and test an Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator to meet specifications. How to Proceed First, review the rest of this section to learn about installing, configuring, and running service support software.
Getting Started Confirming Equipment Confirming Equipment • Confirm that you have the proper test equipment. (Refer to Chapter 2 for a complete listing.) Let all the test equipment and signal generator warm up in accordance with instrument specifications.
Getting Started Installing Service Support Software Installing Service Support Software NOTE If you are installing service support software onto a computer which already has service support software older than version A.03.00, the old version must be removed before installing the new version. To install service support software into a PC: 1. Insert “Disk 1” into the disk drive. 2. Display the Run dialog box: • For MS Windows 95 or Windows NT: Select the Start button, then select Run...
Getting Started Installing Service Support Software the status of each disk that is being copied, and the status of the overall memory of the destination. The graphic in the center of the screen keeps you updated on the destination folder, the files that are being copied, and the progress of the installation. When the contents of the disk have been copied to their destination, you are notified to insert each of the next disks by the Setup Needs the Next Disk dialog box. 10.
Getting Started Uninstalling Service Support Software Uninstalling Service Support Software • MS Windows 95 or Windows NT: 1. Display the Control Panel program group by pressing Start > Settings > Control Panel. 2. Select the Add/Remove Programs icon. 3. From the Install/Uninstall Tab in the Add/Remove Programs properties dialog box: a. Select ESG_C, then select the Add/Remove button. b. Select ESG Service Software, then select the Add/Remove button. 4.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Administration of Service Support Software The following section shows you how to administer and run the Service Support Software. The software’s administrative functions allow for the addition or removal of all necessary test equipment, software drivers, and test procedures.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Administration Configuration Logging on in Administration Configuration supports all administrative functions, including the addition of new equipment and the installation of test procedures and device drivers. Administering Service Support Software 1. Refer to the illustration above and fill in the fields in the User Information window: a. In the User Name field, type in the word Admin. (Case sensitive.) b.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software 5. Select the OK button. 6. The Select Test Equipment and Tests window appears on the display. Close this window. Adding Test Equipment Before any performance tests can be run, information regarding your specific test equipment must be entered into the software’s database. This information includes the serial numbers, calibration dates, GPIB address, and traceability data for each individual component.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-3 Adding Test Equipment Using the Test Equipment Menu 3. Select the model of the device. 4. Click Add.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software 5. In the New Test Equipment window (refer to Figure 1-4), enter the following parameters into the appropriate box: Serial Number of the new equipment. GPIB Address of the new equipment. This address must be in the range of 0 through 31 and it should not conflict with any other instrument address already present in the test setup. NOTE The power sensor must be assigned GPIB address −1 (negative 1).
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-4 Adding the Equipment Information Using the New Test Equipment Window 6. Click OK. NOTE The serial number of the test equipment added will be displayed in the Equipment field of the Test Equipment dialog box (Figure 1-3). Removing Test Equipment Removal of test equipment is accomplished using the Test Equipment dialog box. Refer to Figure 1-5. 1. Select the Device Type of the test equipment to be removed.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-5 Removing and Editing Test Equipment Using the Test Equipment Window 2. Select the model of the test equipment to be removed from the Models field. 3. Select the serial number of the test equipment to be removed from the Equipment field. 4. Click Remove. 5. Click Close. Editing Test Equipment Editing test equipment parameters is accomplished using the Test Equipment dialog box. Refer to Figure 1-5. 1.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Adding Device Drivers Follow these instructions to add test equipment device drivers to the program: CAUTION This and the following procedures: Adding/Removing Device (Test Equipment) Drivers, Adding/Removing Test Drivers, and Adding/Removing Datapacks are included for informational purposes. These procedures should only be used when instructions are provided describing which drivers or datapacks need replacement or removal. 1.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-7 Adding a Device Driver Using the Test Equipment Drivers Window 5. Refer to Figure 1-8. Using the standard file search procedure, select the driver that you are adding and click OK. Figure 1-8 Using the Open Dialog Box to Search for a Device Driver File to Add The selected driver should now be displayed in the Test Equipment Drivers dialog box, as seen in Figure 1-9.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Removing Device Drivers Removing device drivers is accomplished using the Test Equipment Drivers dialog box. Refer to Figure 1-9. 1. Select the driver (.dll) file to be removed. Figure 1-9 Removing a Device Driver Using the Test Equipment Drivers Window 2. Ensure that the information displayed in the Version, Device Type, and Models Supported fields reflects the correct information for the selected driver being removed. 3. Click Remove. 4.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-10 Test Drivers in the File Drop-Down Menu 2. Refer to Figure 1-11. To add a test driver to the existing list of test drivers, click Add.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software 3. Refer to Figure 1-12. Using the standard file search procedure, select the test driver that you are adding and click OK. Figure 1-12 Using the Open Dialog Box to Search for a Test Driver File to Add The selected driver should now be displayed in the Test Drivers dialog box, as seen in Figure 1-11. 4. Click Close (Figure 1-11).
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Removing Test Drivers Removing test drivers is accomplished using the Test Drivers dialog box. Refer to Figure 1-13. 1. Select the driver (.dll) file to be removed. Figure 1-13 Removing a Test Driver Using the Test Drivers Window 2. Ensure that the information displayed in the Version, Required Devices, and Tests Supported fields reflects the correct information for the selected driver being removed. 3. Click Remove. 4. Click Close.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-14 Datapacks in the File Drop-Down Menu 2. Refer to Figure 1-15. To add a datapack to the existing list of datapacks, click Add. Figure 1-15 Adding a Datapack Using the Datapacks Window 3. Refer to Figure 1-16. Using the standard file search procedure, select the datapack that you are adding and click OK.
Getting Started Administration of Service Support Software Figure 1-16 Using the Open Dialog Box to Search for a Datapack File to Add The selected driver should now be displayed in the Datapacks dialog box, as seen in Figure 1-15. 4. Click Close (Figure 1-15). Removing Datapacks Removing datapacks is accomplished using the Datapacks dialog box. Refer to Figure 1-17. 1. Select the datapack (.000) file to be removed. Figure 1-17 Removing a Datapack Using the Datapacks Window 2. Click Remove. 3.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Running Service Support Software Starting the Software 1. Start the service support software using the steps appropriate for the version of MS Windows that is installed on your PC. • For MS Windows 95: a. Select Start. b. Select Agilent Service Support for PC’s. c. Select Agilent Service Software. • For MS Windows version 3.x: a. Open the Program Manager window. b. Open the Agilent Service Support program group. c. Select the Agilent Service Support icon. 2.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Identifying the DUT When the DUT Selection dialog box is displayed, 1. Make sure that ESG_C is selected in the Select An Instrument Family list. 2. In the Select Model list, select the signal generator model of the DUT to be adjusted or tested. 3. In the Serial Number box, enter the complete serial number of the DUT. 4. In the Address box, enter the two-digit GPIB address of the DUT.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Selecting Performance Tests, Adjustments, and Test Equipment When the Select Test Equipment and Tests window is displayed, 1. Select either the Performance Tests radio button to display the list of automated performance tests or the Adjustments radio button to display the list of automated adjustments. 2. From the list of performance tests or adjustments, select the tests or adjustments that will be performed on the DUT.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software NOTE If necessary, the test equipment GPIB address can be changed after it is added to the Selected Test Equipment box. Change the GPIB address by pressing the right arrow on the keyboard until the GPIB address selection in the Selected Test Equipment box is selected. (The GPIB address is selected when it has a dark box around the selection.) Then, type the new GPIB address and press Enter to change the address. e.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Defining the Location where Test Results are Saved 1. When the Save As dialog box is displayed, select the File Name box and enter the file name into which you would like to save the test results. The results file name suffix is.log. The results are saved automatically to the.log file. You may select the directory into which you would like to save the file by changing the drive and folder in this window.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Running the Tests and Adjustments Once the Agilent Service Support Software window is displayed: 1. Select the Run button to start the automated tests or adjustments displayed in the Selected Tests box. The software steps through the tests or adjustments sequentially. 2. Follow the instructions displayed on the PC. A description for each automated performance test or adjustment can be found in Chapter 3, “Performance Tests,” and Chapter 4, “Adjustments.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Reviewing the Test and Adjustment Results Once the tests have finished running, you will want to review the results of the tests. The Agilent Service Support Software window displays the DUT model number and serial number, the selected tests, the results of the selected test, and the current test information. Six buttons, which are used to control the testing, are also displayed.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software Printing the Test and Adjustment Results Once the tests are complete, a dialog box is displayed that asks if you want to print the log file. The log file is the file in which the test (or adjustment) results are stored. Select the Yes button to print the test results using the printer connected to LPT1. Choosing the No button allows you to exit the program without printing the test results. There are two other methods of printing the test results.
Getting Started Running Service Support Software 1-30
2 Required Equipment 2- 1
Required Equipment This section lists the test equipment needed to run performance tests and adjustments, any critical specification requirements, and recommended model numbers. The computer and all test equipment are connected to the device under test (DUT) using GPIB. CAUTION In all test equipment configurations, cables and adapters need to be properly torqued. Exceeding recommended torque values may cause damage to a cable or adapter and may cause inaccurate test results.
Required Equipment Table 2-1 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Critical Specifications Power Meter Agilent E4418B E-Series power meter, or Agilent E4419A/B E-Series power meter The power meter and the signal generator need to be plugged into the same ac power circuit. The power meter also needs to be connected to the signal generator with a minimum length (18") GPIB cable.
Required Equipment Table 2-1 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Function Generator, Output: BNC (f) Agilent 8904A function generator Function Generator, Output: BNC (f) Agilent 33120A function generator Critical Specifications Two Required Option 001 is required only when testing “Digital Modulation Level Accuracy” on page 3-27.
Required Equipment Table 2-1 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Baseband Generator Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator with Option 001 or 002, or Agilent E4430B thru E4437B ESG-D Series signal generator with Option UN8 Digital Multimeter, Input: Dual Banana Plug Agilent 3458A Option 002 digital multimeter Critical Specifications Option 002 adds a High Stability Timebase Digital Oscilloscope, Input: BNC (f) Agilent 54610B digital oscilloscope Measuring Rec
Required Equipment Table 2-1 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Critical Specifications Phase Noise System, Input: APC 3.5 (m) Agilent E5502B Option 001 phase noise system with Option 401 or Option 402 added Only required for Options UNJ and 506.
Required Equipment Table 2-1 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Critical Specifications Cable, APC 3.5 (m) to (m) Agilent 8120-4921 APC 3.
Required Equipment Table 2-1 2-8 Required Equipment Test Equipment Preferred Model or Alternate Model Adapter, APC 3.5 (m) to (m) Agilent 1250-1748 APC 3.5 (m) to (m) adapter Adapter, APC 3.5 (f) to (f) Agilent 1250-1749 APC 3.5 (f) to (f) adapter Adapter, APC 3.5 (m) to Type-N (m) Agilent 1250-1743 APC 3.5 (m) to Type-N (m) adapter Adapter, APC 3.5 (f) to Type-N (m) Agilent 1250-1744 APC 3.5 (f) to Type-N (m) adapter Adapter, APC 3.5 (f) to Type-N (f) Agilent 1250-1745 APC 3.
3 Performance Tests 3- 1
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests In this chapter you will learn about all available performance tests as well as how to run the Service Support Software to test and verify the performance of the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator. These performance tests verify that the signal generator meets specifications.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Performance tests are listed in the order that they should be performed to minimize changes in test equipment configurations. Note that all performance tests are not used with all options when testing the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Running Performance Tests 1. Load the Service Support Software into the personal computer. Refer to Chapter 1, “Getting Started,” for installation instructions. 2. Click on the installed Service Support Software icon. 3. Fill in the fields in the User Information window (Figure 3-1): a. In the User Name field (item 1), enter User. (Case sensitive.) b. In the Password field (item 2), enter User. (Case sensitive.) 4. Click OK.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Figure 3-2 The DUT Selection Window 7. In the Select Test Equipment and Tests window (Figure 3-3), create a list of test equipment that will verify the signal generator’s performance: a. In the Device Type list (item 6), select a device type that you want to add to the equipment list. b. In the Model list (item 7), select the model of the device type that you want to add to the equipment list. c.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Figure 3-3 The Select Test Equipment and Tests Window 8. Create a list of performance tests that you want the Service Support Software to run (Figure 3-3): a. In the Available Tests list (item 13), select a performance test. b. Click Add (item 14) to add the test to the list of tests that the Service Support Software will run.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests 11. Click OK (item 23). Figure 3-4 The Save As Window 12. In the Main Test and Results window (Figure 3-5), verify that the selected DUT (item 24), serial number (item 24), and selected tests (item 25) are correct. Then click Run. The selected performance tests are listed in the order in which they will run. You cannot change this order.
Performance Tests Overview of Performance Tests Next Test Quit running the current test and give it a Fail status. Then, continue testing with the next test. Rerun Restart the testing at the beginning of the first test. Abort Quit testing. Abort all tests. To begin a performance test sequence with a new DUT, click File and New Session. This allows you to reselect the DUT, the equipment list, and the performance test list. Figure 3-5 The Main Test and Results Window 13.
Performance Tests Internal FM Accuracy and Distortion Internal FM Accuracy and Distortion These automated tests verify the FM accuracy and distortion specifications. Accuracy is verified directly with a measuring receiver, and distortion is verified by measuring the demodulated output of the measuring receiver, using the audio analyzer. The audio analyzer provides a more accurate verification with better resolution, as opposed to the measuring receiver alone.
Performance Tests Internal AM Accuracy and Distortion Internal AM Accuracy and Distortion These automated tests verify the AM accuracy and distortion specifications. For frequencies at or below 1300 MHz, accuracy is verified directly with a measuring receiver, and distortion is verified by measuring the demodulated output from the measuring receiver with an audio analyzer. The audio analyzer provides a more accurate verification with better resolution than using the measuring receiver alone.
Performance Tests Internal AM Accuracy and Distortion Figure 3-8 Accuracy and Distortion for AM > 1300 MHz and ≤ 2500 MHz Setup Figure 3-9 Accuracy and Distortion for AM > 2500 MHz Setup 3- 11
Performance Tests Phase Modulation Accuracy and Distortion Phase Modulation Accuracy and Distortion These automated tests verify the phase modulation accuracy and distortion specifications. Accuracy is verified directly with a measuring receiver, and distortion is verified by measuring the demodulated output from the measuring receiver, using the audio analyzer. The audio analyzer provides a more accurate verification with better resolution than using the measuring receiver alone.
Performance Tests FM Frequency Response FM Frequency Response This automated test verifies the FM frequency response specifications. The equipment measures the variations in frequency deviations due to changes in the applied FM rate; dc to 100 kHz. The variations are expressed relative to a reference signal; 1 kHz rate set at 100 kHz deviation, in dB. Each frequency is tested with this sequence: 1. A reference signal is measured. 2. The set deviation is measured for each applied rate change. 3.
Performance Tests AM Frequency Response AM Frequency Response This automated test verifies the AM frequency response specifications. The equipment measures the variations in modulation depth due to changes in the applied AM rate; dc to 10 kHz. The response is relative to a 1 kHz rate set at the test depth, and expressed in dB. Each frequency is tested with the following sequence: 1. A reference signal is measured. 2. The set depth is measured for each applied rate change. 3.
Performance Tests AM Frequency Response Figure 3-13 AM Frequency Response > 1300 MHz Setup 3- 15
Performance Tests Phase Modulation Frequency Response Phase Modulation Frequency Response This automated test verifies the phase modulation frequency response specifications. The equipment measures the variations in phase deviations due to changes in the applied ΦM rate; dc to 100 kHz. The response is relative to a 1 kHz reference at the same phase deviation, and expressed in dB. Each frequency is tested with the following sequence: 1. A reference signal is measured. 2.
Performance Tests DCFM Frequency Offset Relative to CW DCFM Frequency Offset Relative to CW This automated test verifies the carrier frequency offset, relative to CW. The equipment measures the RF output frequency. For each test point, a comparison is made between a CW reference frequency without DCFM selected, and then with the DCFM selected; the difference is the carrier frequency offset.
Performance Tests Residual FM (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) Residual FM (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) This automated test verifies the residual frequency modulation (FM) specification. The signal generator’s RF output signal is mixed with a signal from a low noise external LO. The resultant IF signal is demodulated as it passes through the measuring receiver, bypassing the measuring receiver’s internal mixer which is inherently more noisy.
Performance Tests Residual FM (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) Figure 3-17 Residual FM (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) > 2500 MHz Setup 3- 19
Performance Tests Harmonic, Subharmonic, and Nonharmonic Spurious Signals Harmonic, Subharmonic, and Nonharmonic Spurious Signals These automated tests verify that the harmonic, sub-harmonic, and non-harmonic spurious signals are within specifications. The signal generator’s output signal is set to values where harmonic and spurious signal performance problems are most likely to occur.
Performance Tests Power Level Accuracy Power Level Accuracy A power meter is used to verify performance over the +13 to −45 dBm range. The absolute power level measured at −40 dBm is used as a reference for all lower level measurements. For power levels below −45 dBm, a vector signal analyzer is used to make relative power measurements. A low noise amplifier (LNA) and step attenuator are connected in series to control the absolute power level input to the signal analyzer.
Performance Tests Power Level Accuracy Equipment Setups Figure 3-19 Figure 3-20 3-22 High-Power, Power Level Accuracy Setup Low-Power, Power Level Accuracy (< 10 MHz) Setup
Performance Tests Power Level Accuracy Figure 3-21 Low-Power, Power Level Accuracy (≥ 10 MHz and ≤ 2 GHz) Setup Figure 3-22 Low-Power, Power Level Accuracy (> 2 GHz) Setup 3- 23
Performance Tests Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only) Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only) This manual test verifies the accuracy of the signal generator’s internal timebase. The time required for a 360° phase change is measured both before and after a specified waiting period. The aging rate is inversely proportional to the absolute value of the difference in the measured times.
Performance Tests Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only) Equipment Setup Figure 3-23 Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only) Setup Procedure 1. Preset all instruments and let them warm up for at least one hour. 2. If the oscilloscope does not have a 50Ω input impedance, connect channel 1 through a 50Ω feedthrough. 3.
Performance Tests Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only) 4. If the signal drifts a full cycle (360°) in less than 2 minutes, refer to “Internal Reference Oscillator Calibration” on page 4-7 and perform the “Internal Reference Oscillator Adjustment.” After the adjustment, restart this performance test. 5. Watch the oscilloscope display and monitor the time. Notice the time required for a 360° phase change and record this time as T1. 6. Wait 3 to 24 hours.
Performance Tests Digital Modulation Level Accuracy Digital Modulation Level Accuracy This automated test verifies the level accuracy of the signal generator’s I and Q modulation inputs. Two arbitrary waveform generators provide the I and Q modulation inputs to the signal generator. A power meter measures the RF output power with and without QPSK modulation applied to the signal generator. The difference in power measurements is the level accuracy.
Performance Tests Internal Digital Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) Internal Digital Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) NOTE This test is only required for instruments with Option 402. This automated test verifies the RF modulation quality of the signal generator’s internal I/Q modulation. A vector signal analyzer is connected to the signal generator’s RF output. The internal baseband generator modulates the RF carrier in each of the available digital modulation formats.
Performance Tests Custom I/Q RF Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) Custom I/Q RF Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) This automated test verifies the RF modulation quality of the Option 402 signal generator’s internal real time I/Q baseband modulation. A vector signal analyzer is connected to the signal generator’s RF output. The Option 402 internal baseband generator modulates the RF carrier in each of the TDMA digital modulation formats.
Performance Tests Custom I/Q RF Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) Figure 3-27 Custom I/Q RF Modulation Quality (Option 402 Only) > 2000 MHz Setup Procedure 1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-26 on page 29. 2. Preset all of the equipment. 3. Follow the instructions as they appear on the controller’s display.
Performance Tests Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio This automated test verifies the pulse modulation on/off ratio. The signal generator is configured for an external pulse input. The spectrum analyzer measures the RF output power with and without the external pulse applied. The power difference is the on/off ratio.
Performance Tests Burst Modulation On/Off Ratio Burst Modulation On/Off Ratio This automated test verifies the burst modulation on/off ratio. The signal generator is configured for an external burst input. The spectrum analyzer measures the RF output power with and without the external burst applied. The power difference is the on/off ratio.
Performance Tests CDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Not Used with Option UNB or Option 506) CDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Not Used with Option UNB or Option 506) This automated test verifies the energy at an offset to the main channel relative to the total energy in the main channel. Post-processing averaging techniques are used to improve repeatability.
Performance Tests WCDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Option 400) WCDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Option 400) This automated test measures the ratio of energy in the offset channel to the overall energy in the main channel. Energy in the main channel is measured with RF power on and with RF power off.
Performance Tests Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) The signal generator’s automated performance tests do not include a test for either phase noise or residual FM. These tests must be done separately and the results attached to the test results obtained with the Service Support Software.
Performance Tests Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Using an Agilent 8662A/8663A high-performance RF signal generator Figure 3-32 shows the results of the same DUT measured with an Agilent 8662A/8663A high-performance RF signal generator. In this measurement, the DCFM method was also used to phase lock the DUT to the Agilent E5500 Series phase noise measurement system. Again, this produces 60 Hz-related spikes as well as other spurs at 20 and 100 kHz.
Performance Tests Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Using Electronic Frequency Locking (EFC) Figure 3-33 shows the result of using the electronic frequency control (EFC) method of phase-locking the DUT to the Agilent E5500 Series phase noise measurement system (see its manual for set up procedures). This method produces the best result, but is not available on all sources (such as the Agilent 8644B high-performance RF signal generator).
Performance Tests Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Figure 3-34 Measuring Residual FM Residual FM is closely related to phase noise. Good phase noise typically implies good residual FM. Directly measuring residual FM at very low levels is difficult, but the Agilent E5500 Series phase noise measurement system can integrate the phase noise results to determine an accurate value.
Performance Tests Dual Arbitrary Waveform Generator Check Dual Arbitrary Waveform Generator Check This check verifies the functionality of the dual arbitrary waveform generator. A triangular waveform is downloaded into the signal generator and then output to the rear-panel I and Q outputs. An oscilloscope is used to monitor the rear-panel I and Q outputs. NOTE This is not a performance test. This check is only provided to ensure that the dual arbitrary waveform generator is operational.
Performance Tests Dual Arbitrary Waveform Generator Check out of phase and that they do not have any discontinuities. Refer to the illustration below. • Frequency is approximately 64 kHz. • Amplitude is approximately 1.9 Vp-p. • Both waveforms are symmetrical around 0 volts (the average voltage is approximately 0V).
Performance Tests GSM Loopback BER Check (Option 300 Only) GSM Loopback BER Check (Option 300 Only) This test is a functionality check of the Option 300 GSM BER hardware, and does not test any specifications. The instrument’s RF output is connected to the rear panel 321.4 MHz IF input. The test is made with the RF signal set to 321.4 MHz at 0 dBm. The instrument is specially configured to emulate a GSM base station (transmitting BCH then TCH signals for synchronization).
Performance Tests Performance Test Records Performance Test Records The test records at the end of this chapter are provided as masters for you to photocopy.
Performance Tests Performance Test Records Table 3-3 Agilent E4438C ESG Vector Signal Generator Timebase Aging Rate Performance Test Record Report Number ____________________________ Model _____________ Test Description Timebase Aging Rate Option UNJ or Option 1E5 Table 3-4 Results Date ___________ Specification Measurement Uncertainty < ±0.0005 ppm/day 5.
Performance Tests Performance Test Records 3-44
4 Adjustments 4- 1
Adjustments Overview of Adjustments Overview of Adjustments In this section you will learn about all available adjustments for the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator. These adjustments are performed so that the signal generator is properly calibrated. CAUTION In all test equipment configurations, cables and adapters need to be properly torqued. Exceeding recommended torque values may cause damage to a cable or adaptor and may cause inaccurate test results. Connector Type Torque Value APC 3.
Adjustments Overview of Adjustments Adjustments are listed in the order that they should be performed to minimize changes in test equipment configurations. Note that all adjustments are not used with all options when calibrating the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator.
Adjustments Overview of Adjustments Adjustments are listed in the order that they should be performed to minimize changes in test equipment configurations. Note that all adjustments are not used with all options when calibrating the Agilent E4438C ESG vector signal generator.
Adjustments Adjustment Relationships Adjustment Relationships Anytime an adjustment is made to the signal generator other related adjustments may be affected. For optimal performance, whenever an adjustment is performed, the related adjustments should also be performed.
Adjustments Adjustment Relationships FM Accuracy Related Adjustments • “Internal Source Calibration” on page 4-10 • “KV versus Frequency Calibration” on page 4-13 • “FM Scale DAC Offset Calibration” on page 4-15 • “FM Path Offset Calibration” on page 4-16 • “FM In-Band DAC Offset Calibration” on page 4-17 • “FM Inverting Amplifier Offset Calibration” on page 4-18 • “FM 1/2 Path Ratio Gain Calibration” on page 4-19 • “Modulation Source Relative Gain Calibration” on page 4-20 • “FM Out-of-Band Calibration (N
Adjustments Internal Reference Oscillator Calibration Internal Reference Oscillator Calibration Description This is a manual adjustment. An automated version of this adjustment is also provided. This procedure is used to calibrate the internal reference DACs (Digital-to-Analog Convertors). The internal reference oscillator is adjusted with two DACs, one for coarse tuning and one for fine tuning.
Adjustments Analog Bus ADC Calibration Analog Bus ADC Calibration Description This adjustment is used to calibrate the gain of the ABUS. The ABUS is connected to the ground node (ACOM) and the ADC is zeroed. The ABUS is then connected to the 10 V reference and measured. The result of the measured value divided by the ideal value is the ABUS gain calibration constant. This value is then saved in the signal generator’s firmware.
Adjustments Pretune Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Pretune Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Description This adjustment determines the YO offset and gain calibration constants that minimize the YO phase lock error voltage. The phase lock error voltage is measured with the internal analog bus and is minimized at both low and high YO frequencies by controlling the YO pretune DAC. The YO pretune DAC settings are used to calculate the YO offset and gain calibration constants.
Adjustments Internal Source Calibration Internal Source Calibration Description This adjustment is used to calibrate the internal source amplitude versus frequency. The values for offset and gain are set to their default values in the internal source calibration arrays. Next, the offset calibration factor is determined by connecting the DVM to the ABUS and measuring the dc offset of the motherboard common ground ABUS node and the offset of the DSP ABUS node with the DSP set to 0 Vdc.
Adjustments VCO Bias Potentiometer Calibration VCO Bias Potentiometer Calibration Description This adjustment sets the VCO bias potentiometer at a level that will keep the VCO in a stable operating region over the entire frequency and temperature range. First, the F/2 and the lock angle potentiometers are set fully CW (clock-wise). The signal generator is set to 750 MHz and the potentiometer is adjusted until the F/2 oscillations disappear.
Adjustments Lock Angle Potentiometer Calibration (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) Lock Angle Potentiometer Calibration (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) Description This calibration is used to optimize the phase detector sampling of the synthesizer phase-locked loop reference frequencies. The lock angle adjustment sets the time during the reference cycle when the ultra-quiet time phase detector measurement occurs.
Adjustments KV versus Frequency Calibration KV versus Frequency Calibration Description This calibration determines the tuning sensitivity of the synthesizer loop. To measure the sensitivity, the tuning voltage is measured as the frequency is stepped from 500 to 1000 MHz in 10 MHz steps. At each incremental frequency, the tuning voltage is measured (Vtune1) and again at the incremental frequency +300 kHz (Vtune2).
Adjustments Timebase DAC Calibration Timebase DAC Calibration Description This calibration ensures that the signal generator has warmed-up sufficiently and then adjusts the coarse and fine reference timebase DACs for minimum internal reference frequency error. The coarse and fine DAC calibration factors are then stored in the signal generator’s firmware. Required Test Equipment • Agilent 53132A Option 050 frequency counter • Use a 10 MHz house standard.
Adjustments FM Scale DAC Offset Calibration FM Scale DAC Offset Calibration Description This calibration is used to remove the offset associated with the FM SCALE DAC operational amplifier located on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504). This calibration results in a DAC value for FM OFFSET DAC 2. After this DAC value has been properly adjusted, the effects of the FM SCALE DAC value on the offset will be minimized.
Adjustments FM Path Offset Calibration FM Path Offset Calibration Description This calibration is used to remove the offsets associated with the various FM1 and FM2 audio paths on the A18 Reference. When FM is enabled, voltage offsets on the A18 Reference and A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504) appear as frequency shifts on the synthesizer VCO. By using a frequency counter to measure the frequency of the VCO, the voltage offsets can be quantified.
Adjustments FM In-Band DAC Offset Calibration FM In-Band DAC Offset Calibration Description This calibration is used to remove the offset associated with the FM IN-BAND DAC located on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504). The calibration determines the DAC value for the FM IN-BAND OFFSET DAC on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504) which will remove the offset.
Adjustments FM Inverting Amplifier Offset Calibration FM Inverting Amplifier Offset Calibration Description This calibration is used to remove the offset associated with the differential inverting amplifier on the FM input of the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504). The calibration determines the DAC value for the FM OFFSET DAC 1 on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504) which will remove the offset associated with the amplifier. Required Test Equipment • None Procedure 1.
Adjustments FM 1/2 Path Ratio Gain Calibration FM 1/2 Path Ratio Gain Calibration Description This calibration equalizes the gain between the FM1 and FM2 paths. The gain of the FM2 path is adjusted using the FM SCALE DAC and the resulting DAC value is stored in the signal generator’s firmware. This calibration only affects source-independent gains. When uncalibrated sources feed into the paths, the gains are adjusted using the “Modulation Source Relative Gain Calibration” on page 4-20.
Adjustments Modulation Source Relative Gain Calibration Modulation Source Relative Gain Calibration Description This calibration provides a scaling factor for all of the multiplexed FM modulation inputs. The scaling factor is used by the signal generator’s firmware to scale the actual requested FM deviation from the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504) when the corresponding input is selected. Three scaling factors (EXT1, EXT2, and INT1) are generated during this calibration.
Adjustments FM Out-of-Band Calibration (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) FM Out-of-Band Calibration (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506) Description This calibration adjusts the FM out-of-band deviation to match the in-band FM deviation. It also determines the attenuation values of the out-of-band attenuators and sets the values of some other FM constants. The loop bandwidth of the synthesizer phase-locked loop is approximately 5 kHz.
Adjustments FM/PM Out-of-Band Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) FM/PM Out-of-Band Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Description The “FM In-Band DAC Offset Calibration” on page 4-17 must be performed prior to this calibration. This calibration is used to calibrate the FM/PM out-of-band paths on the A16 Frac-N (Option UNJ or Option 506) and A21 YTO Driver (Option UNJ or Option 506).
Adjustments FM/PM YO Frequency Compensation Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) FM/PM YO Frequency Compensation Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) Description This calibration is used to calibrate the FM/PM YIG oscillator frequency compensation latches on the A21 YTO Driver (Option UNJ or Option 506). These latches adjust the flatness of the YO FM/PM paths for rates greater than 100 kHz.
Adjustments DCFM Calibration DCFM Calibration Description This calibration removes all of the dc offsets associated with the FM path while in DCFM mode. This test uses only the FM1 path to verify the functionality of the circuitry. The resulting values are stored in the signal generator’s firmware. Required Test Equipment • Agilent 53132A Option 050 frequency counter Procedure Figure 4-17 DCFM Calibration Setup 1. Connect the equipment as shown above. 2. Preset all of the equipment. 3.
Adjustments External Input Peak Detector Calibration External Input Peak Detector Calibration Description This calibration is used to calibrate the positive trip level of the EXT1 and EXT2 peak detectors located on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504). The calibration generates DAC values for the modulation comparator DACs which provide a voltage to the window comparator operational amplifiers.
Adjustments AM Audio Path Offset Calibration AM Audio Path Offset Calibration Description This calibration is used to calibrate the AM path and remove any offset generated when LIN AM, LIN BURST, or LOG BURST are enabled. This test determines the ALC_REF_DAC delta value which is used to correct the offset when the modulation is enabled. This value is then stored in the appropriate calibration constant.
Adjustments Burst Modulator Calibration Burst Modulator Calibration Description This calibration is used to adjust the bias modulator circuitry to provide an accurate logarithmic drop in power level for a linear input voltage. When properly adjusted, a one-volt signal on the input will result in a 10 dB drop in power level. The calibration involves the adjustment of three DACs (BURST BIAS, BURST GAIN, and BURST OFFSET) at several different frequencies.
Adjustments Prelevel Calibration Prelevel Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the PRE LEVEL REF DAC on the A13 Output. This DAC is used to control the RF power level that is incident upon the I/Q modulator by setting the control point for the pre-level loop. The pre-level loop detector is on the output of the I/Q modulator, its drive circuitry on the A13 Output, and its RF modulator on the A17 Synthesizer (Option 501, 502, 503, 504).
Adjustments VBLO Mixer Bias Calibration VBLO Mixer Bias Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the VBLO MIXER BIAS DAC on the A13 Output. This DAC is used to control the bias voltage to the internal mixers. This DAC is primarily used to adjust the mixer bias for optimum I/Q modulation linearity, but it has a secondary influence on mixer gain.
Adjustments Digital Gain Adjust Calibration Digital Gain Adjust Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the GAIN ADJUST DAC on the A13 Output. This DAC is used to control the RF power level that is incident upon the switched filters and subsequent RF amplifiers by setting the control point for the gain adjust modulator.
Adjustments Bypass Gain Adjust Calibration Bypass Gain Adjust Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the gain adjust DAC on the A13 Output for low noise floor (LNF) mode. The instrument is set up with attenuation applied by way of the burst modulator. This ensures that the RF chain is not in compression. The gain adjust DAC is then set for a specific RF output power, as measured with a power meter.
Adjustments ALC Calibration ALC Calibration Description This calibration is used to ensure zero offset and linear performance of the ALC Reference DAC. This is done by adjusting four different “control DACs”. The Log Offset DAC is adjusted first to center the ALC loop around a reference-setting of 2048. Next, the Detector Offset DAC and Bulk R Adj DAC are iteratively adjusted to achieve linearity over the entire ALC range.
Adjustments ALC Calibration Required Test Equipment • Agilent E4418B E-Series power meter • Agilent E9304A E-Series power sensor Procedure Figure 4-25 ALC Calibration Setup 1. Connect the equipment as shown above. 2. Preset all of the equipment. 3. Follow the instructions as they appear on the controller’s display.
Adjustments Power Level Accuracy, High Power Calibration Power Level Accuracy, High Power Calibration Description This calibration adjusts both power flatness and power level accuracy. First the power flatness and power level accuracy calibration constants are initialized to zero. Then power flatness is measured with a power meter and corrected with the internal attenuator set to 0 dB.
Adjustments ALC Modulation Driver Bias Calibration ALC Modulation Driver Bias Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the ALC MOD DRV BIAS DAC on the A13 Output. This DAC is used to control the bias current to the ALC modulator driver. It is primarily used to accommodate unmatched VBE values in the drives, but has a strong influence on modulator gain. This test adjusts the DAC until the ALC modulator gain is balanced around its nominal design center.
Adjustments Power Level Accuracy, Low Power Calibration Power Level Accuracy, Low Power Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the step attenuator accuracy over the 55 dB to 130 dB internal step attenuator range. This calibration requires that the Power Level Accuracy, High Power Calibration be performed prior to this adjustment. The correction value for the 50 dB step attenuator is used in the calculation for each attenuator step.
Adjustments Power Level Accuracy, Low Power Calibration Procedure 1. Connect the equipment as shown below. 2. Preset all of the equipment. 3. Follow the instructions as they appear on the controller’s display.
Adjustments Power Level Accuracy, Low Power Calibration Figure 4-28 Low-Power, Power Level Accuracy ≥ 10 MHz and ≤ 2 GHz Setup Figure 4-29 Low-Power, Power Level Accuracy > 2 GHz Setup 4-38
Adjustments Power Search Calibration Power Search Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the RF Output power so that it is the same whether the ALC loop is open or closed. The calibration is performed in the middle of the instrument’s frequency range and the middle of the ALC vernier. Required Test Equipment • Agilent E4418B E-Series power meter • Agilent E9304A E-Series power sensor Procedure 1. Connect the equipment as shown below. 2. Preset the signal generator. 3.
Adjustments AM Gain Calibration AM Gain Calibration Description This calibration adjusts the gain of the AM circuitry to provide a 10 dB drop for a 1 V input signal. First a power level is set and a one-volt signal is connected to the input. AM is enabled and the AM DACs are adjusted for an exact 10 dB drop. The resulting DAC value is stored as a calibration array.
Adjustments I/Q Gain/Offset/Quadrature Calibration I/Q Gain/Offset/Quadrature Calibration Description This calibration determines the required I/Q gain, offset, and quadrature calibration constants/arrays that will minimize the I/Q modulation imperfections on the A13 Output. Several calibration constants are determined and then the I/Q gain, offset, and quadrature DACs are adjusted over frequency to minimize the static vector modulation errors.
Adjustments I/Q Impairment Calibration I/Q Impairment Calibration Description This calibration sets internal calibration array values to minimize errors in the I/Q adjustments (I/Q gain, I offset, Q offset, and quadrature skew) in the I/Q menu. NOTE This adjustment assumes the I/Q Gain/Offset/Quadrature calibration has already been performed. Required Test Equipment • None Procedure 1. Preset the signal generator. 2. Follow the instructions as they appear on the controller’s display.
5 Contacting Agilent Technologies 5- 1
Contacting Agilent Technologies Contacting Agilent Technologies Contacting Agilent Technologies You can obtain up to date product information, from Agilent Technologies, about your signal generator over the internet at: http://www.tm.agilent.com. Once the page is open in your browser, point to the Products and Services tab, point to Test and Measurement, and point to and select RF and Microwave. Once the page is open in your browser, select Signal Sources.
Index A B add/remove programs, 1-6 adding datapacks, 1-19 adjustments ALC Calibration, 4-32 ALC Modulation Driver Bias Calibration, 4-35 AM Audio Path Offset Calibration, 4-26 AM Gain Calibration, 4-40 Analog Bus ADC Calibration, 4-8 Burst Modulator Calibration, 4-27 Bypass Gain Adjust Calibration, 4-31 DCFM Calibration, 4-24 Digital Gain Adjust Calibration, 4-30 External Input Peak Detector Calibration, 4-25 FM 1/2 Path Ratio Gain Calibration, 4-19 FM In-Band DAC Offset Calibration, 4-17 FM Inverting Am
Index FM Out-of-Band Calibration (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506), 4-21 FM Path Offset Calibration, 4-16 FM Scale DAC Offset Calibration, 4-15 FM/PM Out-of-Band Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only), 4-22 FM/PM YO Frequency Compensation Calibration (Option UNJ or Option 506 Only), 4-23 G GPIB address, in software, 1-11 GSM Loopback BER Check (Option 300 Only), 3-41 H Harmonic, Subharmonic, and Nonharmonic Spurious Signals, 3-20 I I/Q Gain/Offset/Quadrature Calibration, 4-41 I/Q Impairment
Index Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio, 3-31 records, 3-42 Residual FM (Not Used with Option UNJ or Option 506), 3-18 Timebase Aging Rate (Manual Test - Option UNJ, Option 506, or Option 1E5 Only), 3-24 WCDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Option 400), 3-34 Phase Modulation Accuracy and Distortion, 3-12 Phase Modulation Frequency Response, 3-16 Phase Noise and Residual FM (Manual Test - Option UNJ or Option 506 Only) , 3-35 Power Level Accuracy, 3-21 Power Level Accuracy, High Power Calibration, 4-34 Power Level Acc
Index information window, 3-4 name in service software, 1-22 V VBLO Mixer Bias Calibration, 4-29 VCO Bias Potentiometer Calibration, 4-11 W WCDMA Adjacent Channel Power (Option 400), 3-34 welcome screen, 1-4 window DUT (Device Under Test), 3-5 main test and results, 3-8 save as, 3-7 select test equipment and tests, 3-6 user information, 3-4 I-4 Index
