Technical data

TCP/IP Network Basics 7
Agilent Connectivity Guide 175
IP Addressing
This section describes IP addressing for TCP/IP networks, including:
• IP Address Classes
• Subnets and Subnet Masks
• Local and Remote Networks
• IP Address Configuration Methods
IP Address Classes
Each host on a TCP/IP network must have a unique address. This
address is called the
IP address and consists of a network portion and a
host portion. The network portion and host portion of an IP address are
determined by the
subnet mask.
Each IP address consists of four decimal numbers separated by periods.
However, TCP/IP uses the 32-bit binary equivalent of the IP address.
For example, the decimal value and binary equivalent of IP address
14.230.26.116 is:
14.230.26.116 = 0000 0110.1110 0110.0001 1010.0111 0100
IP addresses are divided into five classes: Class A, Class B, Class C,
Class D, and Class E. This table summarizes standard Class A, Class B,
and Class C IP addresses. In the table, the
Range is the range of values
for the first 8 bits of the IP address, regardless of class. In the
Binary
Equivalent
column, N = a network bit and H = a host bit.
Class Range Network Bits Binary Equivalent
A 1 - 127 8 NNNN NNNN.HHHH HHHH.HHHH HHHH.HHHH HHHH
B 128 - 191 16 NNNN NNNN.NNNN NNNN.HHHH HHHH.HHHH HHHH
C 192 - 223 24 NNNN NNNN.NNNN NNNN.NNNN NNNN.HHHH HHHH