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Contents HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Modules User’s Manual Warranty . . . . . . . . . . WARNINGS . . . . . . . . Safety Symbols . . . . . . Declaration of Conformity . Reader Comment Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 3. Making Strain Gage Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 About This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Example Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single-Channel 1/4 Bridge Measurements . . . . . . . . . . Multi-Channel 1/4 Bridge Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . Dynamic Strain Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rosette Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single-Channel Bending Full Bridge Measurements . . . .
DISPlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . :MONitor:CARD . . . . . . :MONitor[:STATe] . . . . . INITiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . :CONTinuous . . . . . . . . :CONTinuous? . . . . . . . [:IMMediate] . . . . . . . . MEASure . . . . . . . . . . . . :STRain . . . . . . . . . . . OUTPut . . . . . . . . . . . . . [:STATe] . . . . . . . . . . [:STATe]? . . . . . . . . . . [ROUTe:] . . . . . . . . . . . . CLOSe . . . . . . . . . . . CLOSe? . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN? . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix A. HP E1355A, E1356A, E1357A, E1358A Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Relay Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Appendix B. Strain Gage Equations and Material Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Rosette and Biaxial Stress State Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Material Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Appendix C. Strain Gage Diagnostics . . .
Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading the ID Register . . . . . . . . . Reading the Device Type Register . . . . Resetting the Switchbox . . . . . . . . . Measuring the Bridge Excitation Voltage FET Multiplexer Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix E. Strain Gage Multiplexer Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes 6 HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Modules User’s Manual Contents Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Certification Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. HewlettPackard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards), to the extent allowed by that organization’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Documentation History All Editions and Updates of this manual and their creation date are listed below. The first Edition of the manual is Edition 1. The Edition number increments by 1 whenever the manual is revised. Updates, which are issued between Editions, contain replacement pages to correct or add additional information to the current Edition of the manual. Whenever a new Edition is created, it will contain all of the Update information for the previous Edition.
Declaration of Conformity according to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Hewlett-Packard Company Loveland Manufacturing Center Manufacturer’s Address: 815 14th Street S.W. Loveland, Colorado 80537 declares, that the product: Product Name: 8-Channel Strain Gage Multiplexer Module Model Number: E1355A, E1356A, E1357A, E1358A Product Options: All conforms to the following Product Specifications: Safety: IEC 1010-1 (1990) Incl. Amend 1 (1992)/EN61010-1 (1993) CSA C22.2 #1010.
Notes 10 HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Strain Gage Multiplexer Module User’s Manual Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Please fold and tape for mailing Reader Comment Sheet HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Strain Gage Multiplexer Module User’s Manual Edition 3 You can help us improve our manuals by sharing your comments and suggestions. In appreciation of your time, we will enter you in a quarterly drawing for a Hewlett-Packard Palmtop Personal Computer (U.S. government employees cannot participate in the drawing).
12 HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Strain Gage Multiplexer Module User’s Manual Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Chapter 1 Getting Started with the Strain Gage Multiplexers About This Chapter This chapter describes the physical and functional characteristics of the HP E1355A, E1356A, E1357A, and E1358A Strain Gage Multiplexers; and explains how the multiplexers are prepared for use in a VXIbus system. The sections of this chapter are: • Strain Gage Multiplexer Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 13 • Using the Multiplexers in a VXIbus System . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Full Bridge Measurements - 8 Channels - Bending Full Bridge - Bending Poisson Full Bridge - Poisson Full Bridge • Guarded DCV Voltage and 2-wire Resistance Measurements - 8 Channels - Allowed with strain measurements on adjacent channels • Diagnostics - Leadwire Resistance (channels 0 and 1) - Internal Half Bridge Voltage - Shunt Verification (E1355A and E1356A only) - Guard Voltage - Bridge Excitation Voltage Strain measurement examples are found in Chapter 3. The diagnostics are covered in Appendix C.
FET Multiplexers Note When the FET strain gage multiplexers are shipped from the factory, the card ID switches are set to the "OPEN" (0) position (Figure 1-1). The terminal module is identified when the module is plugged onto the component assembly and when the mainframe is turned on. When the terminal card is not attached, the system identifies the multiplexer as an HP E1351A 16-channel FET multiplexer when the card ID switches are in the OPEN (0) position. Figure 1-1.
Setting the Card ID Switch Note In certain applications it may be necessary for the system to identify the FET strain gage multiplexer without the terminal card attached. Figure 1-2 shows the card ID switch settings which identify the HP E1357A and HP E1358A FET Strain Gage Multiplexers. Make certain the card ID switch setting matches the terminal card used. If they do not match, a configuration error may occur or the wrong terminal card may be identified. Figure 1-2.
Selecting the Interrupt Line Number The multiplexer’s IRQ jumper/switch (Figure 1-3) selects one of seven interrupt lines used to communicate with the system’s Slot 0 module. In a scanning multimeter configuration (see “Strain Gage Multiplexer Configurations” on page 19), the multiplexer’s (relay and FET) do not use an interrupt line since communication is between the multimeter and the Slot 0 module. In a switchbox configuration, the multiplexers use an interrupt line.
Internally Supplied Bridge Excitation Voltage A feature of the strain gage multiplexer is the availability of an internally supplied bridge excitation voltage. This voltage, which drives the multiplexer’s Wheatstone Bridge strain measurement circuitry (Chapter 4), is capable of driving eight channels of full bridge measurements. Figure 1-4.
FET Multiplexer Excitation Voltage The internal bridge excitation voltage for the HP E1357A/E1358A FET strain gage multiplexers is +4.6V referenced to mainframe chassis, and current limited at 450 mA. The voltage is accessed as indicated by the (movable) jumper setting shown in Figure 1-4. When the FET multiplexers are shipped from the factory, the jumper is in the "ON" position. If the jumper is moved to the "OFF" position, the excitation voltage must be externally supplied as explained in Chapter 2.
Creating a Switchbox Instrument In a switchbox instrument, signals are routed (switched) to a voltmeter external to the HP 75000 Series B or Series C mainframe. Multiplexer channel openings and closings are controlled by the user through commands sent directly to the switchbox. A switchbox instrument is created as follows: • The instrument must have one module (multiplexer) assigned as the instrument identifier.
Instrument Addressing Instruments in an HP 75000 Series B or Series C mainframe are located with an HP-IB address. The HP-IB address is a combination of the computer’s interface select code, the primary HP-IB address of the mainframe’s system instrument, and the secondary HP-IB address of the virtual instrument. Addresses of this form in an HP BASIC statement might appear as: OUTPUT 70903;"... OUTPUT 70914;"...
Multiplexer Channel Addresses The strain gage multiplexer channels within the scanning multimeter and switchbox are specified in the form: (@ccnn) (@ccnn,ccnn) (@ccnn:ccnn) (@ccnn:ccnn,ccnn:ccnn) - single channel - multiple channels - sequential channels - groups of sequential channels where "cc" is the card number and "nn" is the channel number. For example: (@100:107) specifies channels 0 through 7 on (multiplexer) card number 1. The leading 0 in the card number can be omitted.
Chapter 2 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers About This Chapter This chapter explains how the strain gage multiplexer terminal module is configured for measurements, and how 1⁄4, 1⁄2, and full bridge configurations are connected to the terminal module. The sections of this chapter are: • Terminal Module Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 23 • Wiring a Terminal Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 26 • Strain Gage Wiring Diagrams . . . . . . .
Figure 2-1B. Terminal Module Configuration Bridge Selection Jumpers The eight bridge selection jumpers (Figure 2-1B) select the bridge arrangement for each channel individually. Thus, a single strain gage multiplexer can have any combination of 1⁄4, 1⁄2, and full bridge arrangements connected to the module. When making 1⁄4 or 1⁄2 bridge measurements, the corresponding bridge selection jumper must be set to the "1⁄4 - 1⁄2" position.
Bridge Completion Channels The strain gages mounted to the specimen are connected to the terminal module bridge completion channels via the +E, -E1, -E2, H, L, and G terminals. Each channel contains these six terminals in order to accommodate a 1⁄4, 1⁄2, or full bridge arrangement. A wire is connected to a terminal by: 1. loosening the screw on the terminal, 2. inserting the wire into the opening opposite the screw, 3. tightening the screw to secure the wire in place.
Wiring a Terminal Module 26 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Strain Gage Wiring Diagrams This section contains the wiring diagrams for the strain measurement configurations available with the multiplexers. The section also shows how to connect an external voltmeter to a switchbox in order to make strain measurements. The example programs in Chapter 3 also refer to these diagrams. Wiring Considerations Using a Twisted-Shielded Cable Before connecting strain gages to the bridge completion channels, consider the following.
1/4 Bridge Diagrams Figure 2-4. Connecting Strain Gages in 1/4 Bridge Arrangements 28 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
1/2 Bridge Diagrams Figure 2-5. Connecting Strain Gages in 1/2 Bridge Arrangements Chapter 2 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Full Bridge Diagrams Figure 2-6. Connecting Strain Gages in Full Bridge Arrangements 30 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Connecting Relay Strain Gage Multiplexers to an External Voltmeter Figure 2-7. Connecting Relay Strain Gage Multiplexers to an External Voltmeter Chapter 2 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Connecting FET Strain Gage Multiplexers to an External Voltmeter Figure 2-8. Connecting FET Strain Gage Multiplexers to an External Voltmeter 32 Connecting Strain Gages to the Multiplexers Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Chapter 3 Making Strain Gage Measurements About This Chapter This chapter contains example programs which make strain gage measurements with various bridge configurations. The examples in this chapter include: • • • • • Single-Channel 1⁄4 Bridge Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-Channel 1⁄4 Bridge Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dynamic Strain Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rosette Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Note Connecting Strain Gages Strain Measurement Procedure Except as noted, each program in this chapter assumes the strain gage multiplexer (relay and FET) is used with the HP E1326B/E1411B multimeter as part of a scanning multimeter instrument at secondary HP-IB address 03. Chapter 2 contains the wiring diagrams for connecting strain gages to the multiplexer bridge completion channels. Each example program indicates the wiring diagram used.
Single-Channel 1/4 Bridge Measurements This program makes a 1⁄4 bridge strain measurement on channel 0 of multiplexer card number 1. !Clear and reset the multimeter. CLEAR 70903 OUTPUT 70903;"*RST" !Specify the gage factor for the channel measured. OUTPUT 70903;"STR:GFAC 2.11E-6,(@100)" !Measure the channel’s unstrained reference. OUTPUT 70903;"CAL:STR (@100)" DISP "Add tension to the specimen; then press ’Continue’" PAUSE DISP "" !Measure the strain on the channel. Enter and display the reading.
Multi-Channel 1/4 Bridge Measurements This program makes 1⁄4 bridge strain measurements on channels 0, 1, and 2 of multiplexer card number 1. !Dimension a computer variable to store the strain measurements. DIM Strn_rdgs(1:3) !Clear and reset the multimeter. CLEAR 70903 OUTPUT 70903;"*RST" !Specify the gage factor for each channel measured. OUTPUT 70903;"STR:GFAC 2.11E-6,(@100:102)" !Measure the unstrained reference for each channel.
Dynamic Strain Measurements This program makes 2,000 1⁄4 bridge strain measurements over a period of one second. The measurements are made on channel 0 of multiplexer card number 1. !Dimension computer variables to store the data header and readings. Assign !an input/output path between the multimeter and computer. This is a path for !data in the REAL 64 format. Clear the path and reset the multimeter.
Comments • The wiring diagram used for this example is on page 28. • Specifying the gage factor as 2.11E-6 returns the strain measurements in microstrain. • A gage factor must be specified and an unstrained reference must be measured for each channel. • The REAL,64 format is selected because the HP 9000 Series 200/300 computer stores readings in that format. • REAL,64 data is transferred to the computer in the IEEE 488.2-1987 Definite Length Arbitrary Block format.
Rosette Measurements This program makes a rectangular rosette measurement on channels 0, 1, and 2 of multiplexer card number 1. !Dimension a computer variable to store the strain measurements. DIM Strn_rdgs(1:3) !Clear and reset the multimeter. CLEAR 70903 OUTPUT 70903;"*RST" !Specify the gage factor for each channel measured. OUTPUT 70903;"STR:GFAC 2.075E-6,(100,102);:GFAC 2.11E-6,(@101)" !Measure the unstrained reference for each channel.
Single-Channel Bending Full Bridge Measurements This program makes a bending full bridge strain measurement on channel 7 of multiplexer card number 1. !Clear and reset the multimeter. CLEAR 70903 OUTPUT 70903;"*RST" !Specify the gage factor for the channel measured. OUTPUT 70903;"STR:GFAC 2.115E-6,(@107)" !Measure the channel’s unstrained reference. OUTPUT 70903;"CAL:STR (@107)" DISP "Add tension to the specimen; then press ’Continue’" PAUSE DISP "" !Measure the strain on the channel.
Relay Strain Gage Measurements with an External Voltmeter This program shows how strain measurements are made using a relay strain gage multiplexer switchbox and an external (HP 3458A) voltmeter. !Dimension computer variables to store the readings. DIM Vout_unstr(1:3),Vout_str(1:3),Vr(1:3),Epsilon(1:3) !Clear and reset the external multimeter. CLEAR 722 OUTPUT 722;"RESET" !Configure the external multimeter for DC voltage measurements.
Comments • The strain gage wiring diagram used for this example is on page 28. The diagram showing how the HP 3458A Multimeter is connected to the relay strain gage multiplexer (via the mainframe) is on page 31.
FET Strain Gage Measurements with an External Voltmeter This program shows how strain measurements are made using a FET strain gage multiplexer switchbox and an external (HP 3458A) voltmeter. !Dimension a computer variables to store the readings. DIM Vout_unstr(1:3),Vout_str(1:3),Vr(1:3),Epsilon(1:3) !Clear and reset the external multimeter. CLEAR 722 OUTPUT 722;"RESET" !Configure the external multimeter for DC voltage measurements.
Comments • The strain gage wiring diagram used for this example is on page 28. The diagram showing how the HP 3458A Multimeter is connected to the FET strain gage multiplexer is on page 32.
• The FET multiplexer switchbox can be used with an external voltmeter without using the digital bus cable. Connect the voltmeter to the switchbox as indicated in Figure 2-7 on page 31. However, do not connect the cable between the voltmeter’s "voltmeter complete" port and the mainframe’s "Event In" port. Modify the previous program as follows: !Configure the external multimeter for DC voltage measurements.
Measurements with Downloaded Unstrained References In certain applications, it may not be possible to measure unstrained references ((Vout/Vs)unstrained) prior to making the actual strain measurements. A feature of the strain gage multiplexers is the ability to measure unstrained references, store the references in a computer, and then download them at the time the strain measurements are made.
OUTPUT 70903;"STR:GFAC 2.11E-6,(@100:102)" CALL Ref_load(Unstr(*)) FOR J=1 TO 5 OUTPUT 70903;"MEAS:STR:QUAR? (@100:102)" ENTER 70903;Strn_rdgs(*) PRINT Strn_rdgs(*) NEXT J END !This subprogram measures the unstrained references, queries the references, !and then stores the references in a computer variable for later use.
Notes 48 Making Strain Gage Measurements Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Chapter 4 Understanding the Strain Gage Multiplexers About This Chapter This chapter describes the strain measurement procedure used by the examples in Chapter 3, and also describes the measurement circuitry associated with 1⁄4, 1⁄2, and full bridge measurements. The sections of this chapter are: • Making Strain Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 49 • Strain Gage Multiplexer Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The unstrained reference measurement is made because of the unbalanced bridge method of strain measurement. Instead of balancing (nulling) the bridge before each measurement, an unstrained reference ((Vout/Vs)unstrained) is measured for each channel. The unbalanced bridge measurement technique is described in the next section. 3. Add tension to the specimen. 4. Configure the multimeter and make the strain measurement(s).
Calculating Vr Residing in the instrument firmware are the equations used to calculate the measured strain (Table 4-1 on page 52). One parameter common to each equation is Vr. Vr is the difference in ratios of the Wheatstone Bridge output voltage (Vout) to the bridge excitation voltage (Vs), under strained and unstrained conditions. In equation form, Vr is represented as: Vr = [(Vout/Vs)strained - (Vout/Vs)unstrained] The strain measurement procedure involves measuring the voltages which determine Vr.
Strain Measurement Equations The equations in the instrument firmware which calculate the measured strain are given in Table 4-1. Table 4-1.
Block Diagram Description For all strain measurements, the bridge configuration is wired from the specimen to selected +E, -EI , -E2, H, L, and G terminals on the strain gage multiplexer terminal module. When a strain (measurement) command is executed, the bridge completion channel’s relay or FET switch is closed, as is the multiplexer’s tree relay or tree switch. This passes the H, L, and G signals from the strain gage to the multimeter, via the analog bus.
The Wheatstone Bridge The Wheatstone Bridge Circuit shown in Figure 4-2 is the fundamental strain measuring circuit. Figure 4-2. The Wheatstone Bridge When a strain gage is wired to a bridge completion channel, it completes the Wheatstone Bridge circuit as indicated in Figure 4-3. This circuit represents a 1⁄4 bridge arrangement where only one arm contains an active element (strain gage). The other arms are fixed value resistors (as shown) or they may represent unstrained gages. Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-4. Bridge Completion Circuitry - 1/2 Bridge For a full bridge arrangement, strain gages comprise all four arms of the Wheatstone Bridge (Figure 4-5). Note the position of the bridge selection jumper required to configure the channel for full bridge measurements. Figure 4-5.
The Chevron Bridge When measuring strain with 1⁄4 and 1⁄2 bridge arrangements, the strain gage accessories use a variation of the Wheatstone Bridge known as the Chevron Bridge (Figure 4-6). The 1⁄4 bridge and 1⁄2 bridge arrangements still complete the Wheatstone Bridge; however, the Chevron Bridge enables the bridge excitation voltage (VS) and the precision internal half bridge resistors (R1/R2) of the bridge completion circuitry to be shared among all channels.
The Wagner Ground To increase measurement accuracy, the relay strain gage multiplexers contain a Wagner Ground circuit similar to that shown in Figure 4-7. The purpose of the Wagner Ground is to reduce stray leakage currents by driving the midpoint (-E1) of the Wheatstone Bridge via the guard lead to the same potential as the specimen. Because of this circuit, the strain gage accessories are identified as having a "driven guard". Figure 4-7.
Note When using the FET multiplexers with several strain gages on a single specimen, only one guard lead needs to be connected since the guard is not "switched" with the HI and LO terminals. Understanding the Bridge Configurations This section describes each bridge configuration in detail. 1/4 Bridge Measurements (QUARter) Rosette Measurements In a 1⁄4 bridge arrangement, there is one active element (gage) in the Wheatstone Bridge circuit (Figure 4-8).
1/2 Bridge Measurements In a 1⁄2 bridge arrangement, there are two active elements (gages) within the Wheatstone Bridge circuit (Figure 4-9). The 1⁄2 bridge arrangement has twice the sensitivity as the 1⁄4 bridge arrangement and the additional strain gage compensates for temperature induced apparent strain. The 1⁄2 bridge strain measurements available based on gage positioning on the specimen are described in the following sections. Figure 4-9.
Poisson 1/2 Bridge (HPOisson) In applications where there is no equal strain of opposite sign as there is for the beam in Figure 4-10, an increase in measurement sensitivity and temperature compensation is achieved by mounting the strain gages at right angles on the specimen. Mounting the gages in this manner is known as a Poisson arrangement and is represented in Figure 4-11.
Full Bridge Measurements In a full bridge arrangement, strain gages are used in all four legs of the Wheatstone Bridge circuit (Figure 4-13). The full bridge arrangement has the highest sensitivity and accuracy of any bridge arrangement, and it provides complete temperature compensation for temperature induced apparent strain. The full bridge strain measurements available based on gage positioning are described in the following sections. Figure 4-13.
Bending Poisson Full Bridge (FBPoisson) In applications where there is no equal strain of opposite sign as there is for the beam in Figure 4-14, Poisson strain can be measured by mounting the strain gages at right angles on the specimen. Mounting the gages in this manner is known as a Poisson arrangement and is represented in Figure 4-15. With a Poisson arrangement, the sensitivity is not as great as with the bending full bridge.
Poisson Full Bridge (FPOisson) In applications where the specimen is stressed lengthwise, the measurement sensitivity is increased and temperature compensation is achieved when the gages are mounted to the specimen as indicated in Figure 4-16. Figure 4-16. Poisson Arrangement Measurements Using an External Voltmeter This section describes how measurements are made using a strain gage multiplexer switchbox and a voltmeter external to the HP 75000 Series B or Series C mainframe.
Voltage and Resistance Measurements The strain gage multiplexers can be used for DC voltage and 2-wire ohms measurements. When making these measurements on the bridge completion channels, the channel’s bridge selection jumper must be set to the FULL position. DC voltages and resistances are connected to the HI, LO, and G (guard) terminals of the bridge completion channels. If you are using an HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter, the guard lead must be connected.
Chapter 5 Strain Gage Multiplexer Command Reference About This Chapter This chapter describes Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) commands and summarizes IEEE 488.2 Common (*) Commands applicable to the relay and FET strain gage multiplexers. This chapter contains the following sections. • • • • Command Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SCPI Command Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IEEE 488.2 Common Commands . . . . .
Command Separator A colon (:) always separates one command from the next lower level command as shown below: CALibration:ZERO:AUTO Colons separate the root command from the second level command (CALibration:ZERO) and the second level from the third level (ZERO:AUTO?). The parameters of a command are separated from the command by a blank space. Abbreviated Commands The command syntax shows most commands as a mixture of upper and lower case letters.
Parameters Parameter Types. The following table contains explanations and examples of parameter types you might see later in this chapter. Parameter Type Explanations and Examples Numeric Accepts all commonly used decimal representations of number including optional signs, decimal points, and scientific notation. 123, 123E2, -123, -1.23E2, .123, 1.23E-2, 1.23000E-01. Special cases include MIN, MAX, and DEF.
ABORt The ABORt subsystem stops a scan in progress when the scan is enabled and the trigger modes are TRIGger:SOURce BUS or TRIGger:SOURce HOLD. Subsystem Syntax ABORt • ABORt Operation: Comments For relay strain gage multiplexers, ABORT invalidates the current channel list and sets ARM:COUNT 1 (one scanning cycle per INITiate command), sets INITiate:CONTinuous OFF (no continuous scanning), and sets TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate (continuous internal triggering).
ARM The ARM subsystem selects the number of scanning cycles (1 through 32767) for each INITiate command. This command does not apply to downloaded FET multiplexer scan lists. For downloaded scan lists, use the INIT:CONT ON command for multiple scans. Subsystem Syntax :COUNt ARM :COUNt MIN | MAX :COUNt? [MIN | MAX] ARM:COUNt MIN | MAX allows scanning cycles to occur a multiple of times (1 to 32767) with one INITiate command.
CALibration The CALibration command subsystem is an HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter subsystem used to measure the unstrained reference voltage for each channel on which strain is measured. Refer to Chapter 5 in the HP E1326B/E1411B User’s Manual for more information on the CALibration subsystem. Subsystem Syntax :STRain CALibration :STRain CALibration:STRain measures the unstrained reference voltage on the channels specified.
CONFigure The CONFigure command subsystem is an HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter subsystem which configures the multimeter for strain measurements. Unlike MEASure, CONFigure does not make a measurement immediately after setting the configuration. Thus, CONFigure is used in applications where the multimeter configuration must be changed using lower level commands (see below). Executing CONFigure is equivalent to configuring the multimeter with the low-level commands shown in the following table.
:STRain CONFigure:STRain[:] configures the multimeter for strain measurements using the specified bridge arrangement on the specified channel.
DISPlay The DISPlay subsystem monitors the state of the selected multiplexer channel. This command can only be used when the relay or FET strain gage multiplexers are used in a switchbox configuration. It operates with mainframes that have a display, such as the HP 75000 Series B Mainframe (HP Model Number E1301A). It also operates with terminals connected to the serial interface port.
:MONitor[:STATe] DISPlay:MONitor[:STATe] turns the monitor mode on or off. Parameters Comments Parameter Name Parameter Type Range of Values mode Boolean 0 | 1 | ON | OFF • Monitoring Switchbox Channels: DISPlay:MONitor[:STATe] ON or DISPlay:MONitor[:STATe] 1 turns the monitor mode on to show the channel state of the selected multiplexer. DISPlay:MONitor[:STATe] OFF or DISPlay:MONitor[:STATe] 0 turns the monitor mode off.
INITiate The INITiate subsystem selects continuous scanning cycles and starts the scanning cycle. Subsystem Syntax :CONTinuous INITiate :CONTinuous :CONTinuous? [:IMMediate] INITiate:CONTinuous enables or disables continuous scanning cycles for the switchbox. Parameters Comments Parameter Name Parameter Type Range of Values mode Boolean 0 | 1 | ON | OFF • Continuous Scanning Operation: Continuous scanning is enabled with the INITiate:CONTinuous ON or INITiate:CONTinuous 1 command.
:CONTinuous? Example [:IMMediate] INITiate:CONTinuous? queries the scanning state. With continuous scanning enabled, the command returns 1. With continuous scanning disabled, the command returns 0. Query Continuous Scanning State INIT:CONT ON Enables continuous scanning. INIT:CONT? Query continuous scanning state. INITiate[:IMMediate] starts the scanning cycle and closes the first channel in the channel list.
MEASure The MEASure command subsystem is an HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter subsystem which configures the multimeter for strain measurements. After configuring the multimeter, MEASure immediately makes the (strain) measurement. Executing MEASure is equivalent to configuring the multimeter with the low-level commands shown in the following table. Parameter Command Setting Range VOLTage:RANGe RESistance:RANGe As specified or autorange.
:STRain MEASure:STRain[:]? measures strain using the specified bridge arrangement on the specified channel.
OUTPut The OUTPut subsystem enables or disables the "Trig Out" port of the HP E1300/E1301 Mainframe. Subsystem Syntax [:STATe] OUTPut [:STATe] [:STATe]? OUTPut[:STATe] enables/disables the "Trig Out" port on the rear panel of the HP E1300/E1301 Mainframe. OUTPut[:STATe] ON | 1 enables the port and OUTPut[:STATe] OFF | 0 disables the port.
[ROUTe:] The [ROUTe:] subsystem controls switching and scanning operations for the multiplexer modules in a switchbox configuration. Subsystem Syntax CLOSe [ROUTe:] CLOSe CLOSe? OPEN OPEN? SCAN :MODE :MODE? :PORT :PORT? SETTling [:TIME]
• Closing Channels - FET multiplexers: To close: – a single channel, use CLOSe (@ccnn); – single channels on different cards, use CLOSe (@ccnn,ccnn). Closure order for multiple channels with a single command is not guaranteed. • Related Commands: [ROUTe:]OPEN, [ROUTe:]CLOSe?, [ROUTe:]SCAN:MODE, [ROUTe:]SCAN:PORT • *RST Condition: All multiplexer channels are open. Example Closing Multiplexer Channels These examples close channel 00 of switchbox multiplexer card number 1.
OPEN [ROUTe:]OPEN opens multiplexer channels specified in the channel_list. The channel_list is in the form (@ccnn), (@ccnn,ccnn), (@ccnn:ccnn) or (@ccnn:ccnn,ccnn:ccnn) where cc = card number (00-99) and nn = channel number (00-15).
SCAN [ROUTe:]SCAN defines the switchbox channels to be scanned. The channel_list is in the form (@ccnn), (@ccnn,ccnn), (@ccnn:ccnn) or (@ccnn:ccnn,ccnn:ccnn) where cc = card number (00-99) and nn = channel number (00-15 - includes internal (diagnostic) channels).
Example Scanning Using External Devices The following segments show how relay and FET strain gage multiplexer switchboxes are configured for strain measurements using an external multimeter (HP 3458A). Chapter 3 contains complete examples of making strain measurements using these configurations. Relay Multiplexer Switchbox (see Figure 2-7 on page 31 for external connections): OUTP ON Enables the E1300/E1301 mainframe "Trig Out" port to output a signal when a channel is closed.
SCAN:MODE [ROUTe:]SCAN:MODE sets the multiplexer channels defined by the [ROUTe:]SCAN command for None, Volts, or 2-wire Ohms measurements. Strain measurements with a relay or FET switchbox and an external multimeter require the SCAN:MODE VOLT mode.
SCAN:PORT [ROUTe:]SCAN:PORT enables or disables the tree isolation switches (FET multiplexers), or the AT, BT, and AT2 tree switches (relay multiplexers). SCAN:PORT ABUS closes the appropriate tree switches for the analog bus connections. The [ROUTe:]SCAN:PORT NONE command disables the tree switches and leaves them open.
SETTling[:TIME] [ROUTe:]SETTling[:TIME]
[SENSe:] The [SENSe:] command subsystem is an HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter subsystem used to specify the Gage Factor and Poisson Ratio for strain gage measurements. This subsystem is also used for downloading unstrained references prior to strain measurements. Refer to Chapter 5 in the HP E1326B/E1411B User’s Manual for more information on this subsystem.
STRain:GFACtor? [SENSe:]STRain:GFACtor? returns the gage factor set for the channel specified. Parameters Comments Parameter Name Parameter Type Range of Values channel_list Numeric 00 - 07 • Returned value is given in exponential notation (e.g. +2.110000E-006). Example Querying the Gage Factor STR:GFAC? (@100) STRain:POISson Queries the gage factor for channel 0.
STRain:UNSTrained [SENSe:]STRain:UNSTrained , downloads a (previously measured and stored) unstrained reference voltage for the channel. An unstrained reference must be specified for each channel. Parameters Comments Parameter Name Parameter Type Range of Values reference Numeric as measured channel_list Numeric 00 - 07 • STRain:UNSTrained downloads unstrained references that are already known or that have been previously measured (and stored in a computer).
STATus The STATus subsystem reports the bit values of the Operation Status Register. This subsystem enables a bit to be set to 1 in the Status Register, after a bit is set to 1 in the Operation Status Register. Subsystem Syntax :OPERation:ENABle STATus :OPERation :ENABle [:EVENt?] STATus:OPERation:ENABle enables the Operation Status Register to set a bit in the Status Register.
SYSTem The SYSTem subsystem returns the error numbers and error messages in the error queue of a switchbox, and returns the types and descriptions of multiplexers in a switchbox. Subsystem Syntax :CDEScription? SYSTem :CDEScription? :CPON | ALL :CTYPe? :ERRor? SYSTem:CDEScription? returns the description of a selected multiplexer in a switchbox.
:CPON SYSTem:CPON | ALL opens all channels of a selected multiplexer or all channels of all multiplexers in a switchbox. Parameters Comments Parameter Name Parameter Type Range of Values number Numeric 1 to 99 | ALL • Differences between *RST and CPON: SYSTem:CPON opens all channels of a selected multiplexer or all channels of all multiplexers in a switchbox. *RST opens all channels of all multiplexers, and sets all other multiplexer parameters to the power-on state.
:ERRor? SYSTem:ERRor? returns the error numbers and corresponding error messages in the error queue of a switchbox. See Appendix E for a listing of switchbox error numbers and messages. Comments • Error Numbers/Messages in the Error Queue: Each error generated by a switchbox stores an error number and corresponding error message in the error queue. Each error message can be up to 255 characters long.
TRIGger The TRIGger subsystem commands control the triggering operations of the multiplexer switchbox. Subsystem Syntax [:IMMediate] Comments TRIGger [:IMMediate] :SOURce :SOURce? TRIGger[:IMMediate] executes a trigger when the defined trigger source is TRIGger:SOURce HOLD or TRIGger:SOURce BUS. Note that TRIGger[:IMMediate] is NOT the same as TRIGger:SOURce IMMediate.
Comments • Enabling the Trigger Source: The TRIGger:SOURce command only selects the trigger source. The INITiate[:IMMediate] command enables the trigger source. • Using the TRIG command: You can use TRIGger[:IMMediate] to advance the scan when TRIGger:SOURce BUS or TRIGger:SOURce HOLD is selected. • Using Digital Bus Triggering: TRIGger:SOURce DBUS selects the digital bus on the FET multiplexer as the trigger source.
Scanning Using Bus Triggers :SOURce? Example Chapter 5 TRIG:SOUR BUS Sets trigger source to bus. SCAN (@100:107) Sets channel list. INIT Starts scanning cycle. *TRG Advances channel list. TRIGger:SOURce? returns the current trigger source for the switchbox. Command returns either BUS, DBUS, EXT, HOLD, or IMM for trigger sources BUS, DBUS, EXTernal, HOLD, or IMMediate, respectively. Query Trigger Source TRIG:SOUR EXT Sets trigger source to external.
IEEE 488.2 Common Commands The following table lists the IEEE 488.2 Common (*) Commands that the 8-Channel Relay and FET Strain Gage Multiplexer Modules accept. For more information on Common Commands, refer to the HP 75000 Series B Mainframe User’s Manual (HP Model Number E1300/E1301) or the ANSI/IEEE Standard 488.2-1987. Command Title Description *IDN? Identification Returns identification string of the switchbox. *RST Reset Opens all channels, and invalidates current channel list for scanning.
Command Quick Reference The following tables summarize SCPI and IEEE 488.2 Common (*) Commands for the Relay and FET Strain Gage Multiplexers. SCPI Commands Quick Reference Command Subsystem Command/Parameter Description ABORt ABORt Abort a scan in progress. ARM :COUNt [MIN | MAX] :COUNt? [MIN | MAX] Multiple scans per INIT command. Query number of scans.
TRIGger [:IMMediate] :SOURce BUS :SOURce DBUS :SOURce EXTernal :SOURce HOLD :SOURce IMMediate :SOURce? Causes a trigger to occur. Trigger source is *TRG. Trigger source is Digital Bus. Trigger source is "Event In" BNC. Hold off triggering. Continuous (internal) triggering. Query scan trigger source. IEEE 488.2 Common Commands Quick Reference Command 100 Title Description *RST Reset Opens all channels and invalidates current channel list for scanning.
Appendix A HP E1355A, E1356A, E1357A, E1358A Specifications HP E1355A/E1356A Relay Strain Gage Multiplexer HP E1357A/E1358A FET Strain Gage Multiplexer Maximum Voltage: Terminal to Terminal or Terminal to Chassis: 120V dc or AC RMS; 170V peak Maximum Current per Channel: 50 mA (non-inductive) Maximum Power per Channel: 1VA Thermal Offset per Channel: <4 µV (differential High to Low) Closed Channel Resistance: 100Ω ±10% (the value of the protection resistor) Input Impedance: Insulation Resistance (Between a
Maximum Voltage: Connectors Used: P1 Terminal to Chassis: 15V peak (input impedance less above 13V peak) Number of Slots: 1 Maximum Current per Channel: 5 mA (non-inductive) Interrupt Level: selectable Maximum Offset Voltage: 25 µV (0° to 28°C) 250 µV (28° to 55°C) (differential High to Low) Power Requirements: Voltage: Peak module current, IPM (A): Dynamic module current, IDM (A): Input Impedance: Power On (Vin <±10V) High to Low: >10^8Ω High or Low to Chassis: >10^8Ω Guard to Chassis: 10 kΩ ±10% Capac
Relay Life Electromechanical relays are subject to normal wear-out. Relay life depends on several factors. The effects of loading and switching frequency are briefly discussed below: Relay Load. In general, higher power switching reduces relay life. In addition, capacitive/inductive loads and high inrush currents (e.g., turning on a lamp or starting a motor) reduces relay life. Exceeding specified maximum inputs can cause catastrophic failure. Switching Frequency. Relay contacts heat up when switched.
Notes 104 HP E1355A, E1356A, E1357A, E1358A Specifications Appendix A Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Appendix B Strain Gage Equations and Material Tables Rosette and Biaxial Stress State Equations Rosette Equations The following equations are used to calculate the strain measured with a three element rectangular or delta rosette. Rosette measurements are covered in Chapter 4, and an example which measures strains ε1, ε2, and ε3 is contained in Chapter 3.
Material Tables Table B-1. Wire Resistance (solid copper wire) AWG Ohms/Foot (25 ºC) Diameter (in.) 18 0.0065 0.040 20 0.0104 0.032 22 0.0165 0.0253 24 0.0262 0.0201 26 0.0416 0.0159 28 0.0662 0.0126 30 0.105 0.010 32 0.167 0.008 Table B-2. Average Properties of Selected Engineering Materials (exact values may vary widely) Material ABS (unfilled) -- Elastic Strengtha Tension (psi) 0.2 - 0.4 4500 - 7500 Aluminum (2024-T4) 0.32 10.6 48000 Aluminum (7075-T6) 0.32 10.
Appendix C Strain Gage Diagnostics About This Appendix This appendix covers the diagnostics associated with the strain gage multiplexers. The diagnostics check configuration integrity and increase measurement accuracy. The diagnostics in this appendix include: • • • • • Diagnostic Channels Leadwire Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal Half Bridge Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shunt Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leadwire Resistance The Leadwire Resistance diagnostic accessed through internal channels 8 and 9 enables you to determine the resistance of the leadwires from the strain gage to the bridge completion channel terminals. The bridge completion channels on which this diagnostic is performed are channels 0 and 1. The leadwire resistance diagnostic is used for 1⁄4 bridge arrangements only.
Figure C-1. Externally Supplied Bridge Excitation Voltage Procedure The leadwire resistance is determined with the following parameters: • the voltage across the lower leg 1kΩ internal half bridge resistor (V_lower) • the bridge output voltage (Vout) • the voltage across the leadwire (V_leadwire) • the 120Ω or 350Ω bridge completion resistor (Rcomp).
1. Measure the voltage across the lower leg 1kΩ internal half bridge resistor. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@110) 2. Measure the bridge output voltage (Vout) on channel 0. This is a DC voltage measurement. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@100) 3. Measure the voltage on the leadwires (V_leadwire) for the strain gage on channel 0 or 1. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@108) MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@109) (channel 0) (channel 1) 4.
Internal Half Bridge Voltage The Internal Half Bridge Voltage diagnostic accessed through internal channels 10 and 11 measures the voltage across the 1kΩ internal half bridge resistors. These measurements check the ratio of upper leg to lower leg bridge resistance. The equations in the instrument firmware which calculate the actual strain measured, allow for a certain amount of bridge imbalance due to differences in these resistances.
Procedure 1. Measure the voltage on the upper bridge leg. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@111) 2. Measure the voltage on the lower bridge leg. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@110) 3. Calculate the ratio of upper bridge leg to lower bridge leg voltages. The following example determines the internal half bridge voltage ratio. The program assumes the strain gage multiplexer is used with the HP E1326B/E1411B Multimeter as part of a scanning multimeter instrument.
Shunt Verification The Shunt Verification diagnostic accessed through internal channels 12 and 13 checks the bridge completion circuitry and strain gage arrangement. The diagnostic places internal resistors in parallel with an internal bridge arm or strain gage to simulate a known value of tensile or compressive strain. This diagnostic can be used on any bridge completion channel.
Specification The nominal values of simulated tensile and compressive strain are given in Table C-2. Note that lead resistance between the strain gage and the bridge completion circuitry will affect the readings associated with the compression diagnostic for all bridge arrangements, and the tension diagnostic for full bridge arrangements. Table C-2. Simulated Tension and Compression Strain Values Channel Diagnostic Compression Nominal Nominal HP E1355A 3170 -1026 HP E1356A 3170 -2967 NOTES: 1.
Procedure Note This diagnostic requires that an internal channel (12 or 13) be closed with a bridge completion channel (0-7) simultaneously. Since the FET multiplexer can close only one channel at a time, the shunt verification diagnostic is only used with the relay strain gage multiplexers. 1. Measure the unstrained reference voltage on the bridge completion channel which the diagnostic is performed. CALibration:STRain (@channel) 2. Measure the simulated tension strain.
Guard Voltage The Guard Voltage diagnostic accessed through internal channel 14 measures the guard voltage. This measurement verifies that the guard on the relay strain gage multiplexers is driven to the necessary potential by the Wagner Ground. The proper potential minimizes leakage currents caused by low gage isolation resistance. Figure C-5 shows how the guard is driven to a known voltage, and where that voltage is measured. Figure C-5.
Procedure Measure the guard voltage on internal channel 14. MEASure:VOLT:DC? (@114) The following example measures the guard voltage. The program assumes the strain gage multiplexer is used with the HP E1326B/E1411B multimeter as part of a scanning multimeter instrument. The computer syntax used is HP BASIC running on a Hewlett-Packard Series 300 computer. !Clear and reset the multimeter. CLEAR 70903 OUTPUT 70903;"*RST" !Measure the guard voltage on internal channel 14.
Bridge Excitation Voltage The Bridge Excitation Voltage diagnostic accessed through internal channel 15 measures the bridge excitation voltage (Vs). Set Up If the bridge excitation voltage is externally supplied, connect the supply to the terminal module as shown in Figure C-1. Set the voltage to 5.0V. If the bridge excitation voltage is internally supplied, ensure the jumpers on the multiplexer component assembly are set correctly (Chapter 1).
Appendix D Strain Gage Register-Based Programming About This Appendix The HP E1355A - HP E1358A Relay and FET Strain Gage Multiplexers are register-based modules which do not support the VXIbus word serial protocol. When an SCPI command is sent to the multiplexer (switchbox), the HP E1300/E1301 Mainframe (Series B) or the HP E1405/E1406 Command Module (Series C) parses the command and programs the multiplexer at the register level.
Register Addressing Register addresses for register-based devices are located in the upper 25% of VXIbus A16 address space. Every VXIbus device (up to 256) is allocated a 64 byte block of addresses. The HP E1355A and E1356A Relay Strain Gage Multiplexers with five registers, use five of the 64 addresses allocated. The HP E1357A and E1358A FET Strain Gage Multiplexers with eight registers, use eight of the 64 addresses allocated. Figure D-1 shows the register address location within A16.
Figure D-2. Mainframe/Command Module A16 Address Space The Base Address A16 Address Space Outside the Command Module or Mainframe When you are reading or writing to a multiplexer register, a hexadecimal or decimal register address is specified. This address consists of a base address plus a register offset. The base address used in register-based programming depends on whether the A16 address space is outside or inside the HP E1405/E1406 Command Module or HP E1300/E1301 Mainframe.
A16 Address Space Inside the Command Module or Mainframe When the A16 address space is inside the command module or mainframe (Figure B-2), the multiplexer’s base address is computed as: 1FC00016 + (LADDR * 64)16 or 2,080,768 + (LADDR * 64) where 1FC00016 (2,080,768) is the starting location of the VXI A16 addresses, LADDR is the multiplexer’s logical address, and 64 is the number of address bytes per register-based device. Again, the multiplexer’s factory set logical address is 112.
Register Descriptions This section describes the relay strain gage multiplexer and FET strain gage multiplexer registers. Relay Multiplexer Registers There are three READ and three WRITE registers on the relay strain gage multiplexers. The READ Registers The following READ registers are located on the relay strain gage multiplexer.
Manufacturer Identification Manufacturer ID. Bits 11 through 0 identify the manufacturer of the device. Hewlett-Packard’s ID number is 4095, which corresponds to bits 11 - 0 being set to "1". Given the device classification, addressing space, and manufacturer of the HP E1355A/E1356A multiplexers, reading the ID register returns FFFF16. An example of how to read the ID Register is found in the “ Programming Examples” section later in this appendix.
The WRITE Registers The following WRITE registers are located on the relay strain gage multiplexers: • Control Register (base + 0416) • Tree Switch Register (base + 0616) • Channel Register (base + 0816) Control Register base + 0416 15 14 13 The Control Register on the relay strain gage multiplexer is used to reset the multiplexer to its power-on state (all channels open).
FET Multiplexer Registers There are five READ and six WRITE registers on the FET strain gage multiplexer. The READ Registers The following READ registers are located on the FET strain gage multiplexer.
Manufacturer Identification Manufacturer ID. Bits 11 through 0 identify the manufacturer of the device. Hewlett-Packard’s ID number is 4095, which corresponds to bits 11 - 0 being set to "1". Given the device classification, addressing space, and manufacturer of the HP E1357A/E1358A multiplexers, reading the ID Register returns FFFF16. An example of how to read the ID Register is found in the “ Programming Examples” section later in this appendix.
Scan Control Register base + 0616 15 14 13 Reading the Scan Control Register allows you to check the scan control settings. 12 Read 10 9 8 FF CLR SCN 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 CNT EN IMM EN 0 DBS CLR EN SCN Clear Scan List. A one (1) in this bit indicates the scan list is cleared. The bit must be set back to zero (0) after it is cleared in order for another scan list to be accepted. DBS EN Digital Bus Enable. A one (1) indicates the Digital Bus trigger mode is enabled.
The WRITE Registers The following WRITE registers are located on the FET strain gage multiplexer.
Scan Control Register base + 0616 15 14 13 Write 12 11 10 9 8 Undefined CLR SCN 15 6 5 X X X 4 3 RST CNT PTR EN 2 1 IMM EN 0 DBS CLR EN SCN Clear Scan List. A one (1) in this bit clears the scan list. The bit must be set back to zero (0) in order for another scan list to be accepted Digital Bus Enable. A one (1) enables the Digital Bus trigger mode. A zero (0) disables it. IMM EN Immediate Enable.
Scan Channel Configuration Register base + 0A16 Write 15 14 13 VLD A_D B_D D3 - D0 These bits set the channel_list for a scan list, set the type of measurement, and enable/disable the Tree Isolation switches. Note that the DIR in the Control Register must be set false to enable this register. 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C1 C0 X X X X X X X D3 D2 D1 D0 Data bits three to zero.
Direct Channel Configuration Register base + 0C16 15 14 13 Write The Direct Channel Register allows you to specify channels to be closed individually. Note that the DIR bit in the Control Register must be set true for this register to be enabled. 12 11 10 9 8 Undefined D3 - D0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 X X X X D3 D2 D1 D0 Data bits three to zero.
Programming Examples The examples in this section demonstrate how to program a relay and FET multiplexer switchbox at the register level. The examples include: • • • • • Reading the ID Register Reading the Device Type Register Resetting the Switchbox Measuring the Bridge Excitation Voltage FET Multiplexer Scanning The programs assume the A16 address space is inside the HP E1300A/ E1301A mainframe, HP E1405/E1406 Command Module and that the logical address of the switchbox is 112.
Reading the Device Type Register The Device Type Register contains the model code of the device. The model codes for the strain gage multiplexers are: FF04 = HP E1355A FF06 = HP E1356A FF14 = HP E1357A FF16 = HP E1358A !Convert the switchbox base address to decimal and store the value in a variable. COM Base_addr Base_addr=DVAL("1FDC00",16) !Call the subroutine which reads the Device Type Register. CALL Peek_dt END !Subroutine to read the Device Type Register.
Resetting the Switchbox This program resets the switchbox (relay or FET) by writing to bit 0 of the Control Register. !Convert the switchbox base address to decimal and store the value in a variable. COM Base_addr Base_addr=DVAL("1FDC00",16) !Call the subroutine which resets the switchbox. CALL Swbx_rst END !Subroutine which resets the switchbox by writing a 1 and a 0 to Control !Register bit 0.
!Convert the FET switchbox base address to decimal and store the value in a !variable. COM Base_addr Base_addr=DVAL("1FDC00",16) !Set up the (external) voltmeter for DC voltage measurements, external !triggering, and store the readings in voltmeter memory until all measurements !have been taken.
Appendix E Strain Gage Multiplexer Error Messages Table E-1 lists the error messages associated with the strain gage multiplexer modules programmed by SCPI. See mainframe manual for a complete list. Table E-1. Strain Gage Multiplexer Error Messages No. Title Potential Cause(s) -211 Trigger ignored Trigger received when scan not enabled. Trigger received after scan complete. Trigger too fast. -213 Init ignored Attempting to execute an INIT command when a scan is already in progress.
Notes 138 Strain Gage Multiplexer Error Messages Appendix E Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.
Index HP E1355A/56A/57A/58A Modules User’s Manual B *CLS, 98 *ESE, 98 *ESE?, 98 *ESR?, 98 *IDN?, 98 *OPC, 98 *OPC?, 98 *RCL, 98 *RST, 98, 100 *SAV, 98 *SRE, 98 *SRE?, 98 *STB?, 98 *TRG, 96, 98, 100 *TST?, 98, 100 *WAI, 98 A A16 Address Space, 120 - 121 Abbreviated Commands, 66 ABORt Subsystem, 68, 99 Address A16 address space, 120 - 121 base, 121 channel, 22 HP-IB, 21 interface card, 21 logical, 19 - 21 primary, 21 registers, 120 secondary, 21 Analog Bus cables, 22 port, 86 ARM Subsystem, 69, 99 ARM:COUNt
C Cables analog bus, 22 digital bus, 22 twisted-shield, 27 CALibration Subsystem, 70, 99 CALibration:STRain, 70 Card ID jumpers, 14 ID switch, 15 - 16 numbers, 21 Certification, 7 Channel address, 22 bridge completion, 25, 27 closing, 80 diagnostic, 107 gage factor, 88 opening, 82, 93 poisson ratio, 89 register, relay multiplexer, 125 unstrained reference voltage, 70 unstrained references, 90 Chevron Bridge, 56 circuit, 56 Closing channels, 80 tree relay, 125 tree switches, 86 *CLS, 98 Command Reference, 65
D Declaration of conformity, 9 Device Type Register FET multiplexer, 127 model code, 124, 127 reading the, 134 relay multiplexer, 124 DIAGnostic:PEEK?, 133 DIAGnostic:POKE, 133 Diagnostics, 107 - 118 bridge excitation voltage, 118 channels, 107 guard voltage, 116 internal half bridge voltage, 111 leadwire resistance, 108 shunt verification, 113 Digital Bus cables, 22 handshaking, 87 triggering, 96 Direct Channel Configuration Register FET multiplexer, 132 Direct Control Register FET multiplexer, 132 Discret
Full Bridge bending (FBENding), 61 bending poisson (FBPoisson), 62 bridge completion circuitry, 55 measurements, 61 - 63 poisson (FPOisson), 63 single-channel bending measurements, 40 terminals used, 25 wiring diagram, 30 Functional Description, 13 Fuses, 18 INITiate:CONTinuous, 75 INITiate:CONTinuous?, 76 INITiate[:IMMediate], 76 Instrument Addressing, 21 Interface Select Code, 21 Internal half bridge voltage diagnostics, 111 supplied bridge excitation voltage, 18 Interrupt Line, 17 IRQ, 17 J G Gage Fact
FBPoisson, 78 FPOisson, 78 HBENding, 78 HPOisson, 78 QCOMpression, 78 QTENsion, 78 QUARter, 78 UNSTrained, 78 Measurements bridge excitation voltage, 135 dynamic strain, 37 FET strain gage measurements, 43, 45 full bridge, 61 - 63 half bridge, 59 - 60 multi-channel 1/4 bridge, 36 quarter bridge, 58 relay strain gage measurements, 41 resistance and voltage, 64 rosette, 39, 58 single-channel 1/4 bridge, 35 single-channel bending full bridge, 40 strain, 49 unbalanced bridge technique, 50 using external voltmet
Q Quarter Bridge bridge completion circuitry, 54 leadwire diagnostics, 108 measurements, 58 multi-channel measurements, 36 rosette measurements, 58 single-channel measurements, 35 terminals used, 25 wiring diagram, 25, 28 Query analog bus port, 86 channel closure, 81 error queue, 94 gage factor, 89 number of scanning cycles, 69 poisson ratio, 89 scan mode, 85 scanning state, 76 settling time, 87 trig out port state, 79 trigger sources, 97 unstrained references, 90 Quick Reference common commands, 100 SCPI c
ROUTe:OPEN?, 82 ROUTe:SCAN, 83 - 84 ROUTe:SCAN:MODE, 85 NONE, 85 RES, 85 VOLT, 85 ROUTe:SCAN:MODE?, 85 ROUTe:SCAN:PORT, 86 ABUS, 86 NONE, 86 ROUTe:SCAN:PORT?, 86 ROUTe:SETTling:TIME?, 87 ROUTe:SETTling[:TIME], 87 *RST, 98, 100 S Safety warnings, 8 *SAV, 98 Scan Channel Configuration Register FET multiplexer, 131 Scan Channel Delay Register FET multiplexer, 128, 130 Scan Control Register FET multiplexer, 128, 130 Scanning continuous cycles, 75 cycle, starting, 76 cycles (ARM), 69 cycles, continuous, 75 FET
block diagrams, 52 card numbers, 21 channel address, 22 command reference, 65 - 100 configurations, 19 connecting, 22 - 32, 34 connecting bridge completion channels, 27 diagnostics, 107 - 118 error messages, 137 - 138 getting started, 13 - 22 logical address, 19 - 21 making measurements, 33 - 48 measurement circuits, 53 See also multiplexer overview, 13 strain measurement procedure, 34 understanding the, 49 - 64 using in VXIbus system, 14 wiring diagrams, 27 - 32 Strain Measurement equations, 52, 105 gage f
V Voltage and resistance measurements, 64 bridge excitation, 18, 24, 135 internal half bridge, 111 scanning mode, 85 terminals, bridge excitation, 24 unstrained reference, 70 Voltmeter connecting external, 31 - 32 H, L, G terminals, 25 measurements with external, 41, 43, 45, 63 Vr, calculating, 51 VXIbus System, using multiplexers in, 14 W Wagner Ground, 57 circuit, 57 *WAI, 98 WARNINGS, 8 Warranty, 7 Wheatstone Bridge circuit, 54 - 55 reducing loop area, 27 Wire gage, 27, 106 resistance (solid copper), 10
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