Agilent Technologies 8935 Series E6380A CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station Test Set Reference Guide Firmware Version: B.03.
Notice Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws. This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the Copyright License under the clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 (APR 1988).
Contents 1. General Information Manufacturer's Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Lifting and Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Product Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents To remove a limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Setting A Measurement Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 To set a reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Averaging Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Using IB_UTIL Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 COPY_PL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 FILE_XFER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 RAM_USAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Gen Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input Atten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lvl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents DC Level Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Distn (Distortion) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 FM Deviation Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Frequency Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Level (div) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Level (mask) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lvl (Delta Mrkr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lvl (marker) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 7. Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Configuring the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Setting the Date and Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Changing the Beeper’s Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Turning Off User Messages . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Ref Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remote Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RF Chan Std . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Hi Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Lo Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents EVEN SECOND SYNC IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EXT REF IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EXT SCOPE TRIG IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FRAME CLOCK OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 General Information This chapter contains generic information about the product, safety, warranty, sales and service offices, power cables, and other information.
General Information Manufacturer's Declaration Manufacturer's Declaration This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the German Sound Emission Directive, from 18 January 1991. This product has the following sound pressure emission specification: • sound pressure Lp <70 dB(A) • at the operator position • under normal operation • according to ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Type Test).
General Information Manufacturer's Declaration Safety Considerations GENERAL This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation. This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 61010-1+A1+A2:1992 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition.
General Information Manufacturer's Declaration Safety Considerations for this Instrument WARNING Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation. If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer (for voltage reduction), make sure the common terminal is connected to the earth terminal of the power source.
General Information Manufacturer's Declaration WARNING ! This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
General Information Manufacturer's Declaration WARNING Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this product. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause personal injury and/or product damage. This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and Pollution Degree 3 per IEC 61010 and IEC 60664 respectively. This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply voltage is within the specified range.
General Information Product Markings Product Markings The CE mark shows that the product complies with all relevant European legal Directives (if accompanied by a year, it signifies when the design was proven). The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association.
General Information Certification Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members. .
General Information Certification DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and CEN/CENELEC EN45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Manufacturer’s Address: Agilent Technologies UK Limited Electronic Products Solutions Group - Queensferry South Queensferry West Lothian, EH30 9TG Scotland, United Kingdom Declares that the product Product Name: CDMA Base Station Test Set Model Number: E6380A Product Options: This declaration covers all options of the above product as detailed in TCF A-5951-9852-02.
General Information Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products E6380A CDMA/Cellular PCS Base Station Test Set Duration of 1. Agilent warrants Agilent hardware, accessories and supplies against Warranty: 1 Year defects in materials and workmanship for the period specified above.
General Information Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products 7. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW, THE ABOVE WARRANTIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND NO OTHER WARRANTYOR CONDITION, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AND Agilent SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OR MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 8.
General Information Assistance Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products. For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office. Table 1-1 Regional Sales and Service Office s United States of America: Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Call Center P.O. Box 4026 Englewood, CO 80155-4026 Canada: Agilent Technologies Canada Inc.
General Information Power Cables Power Cables Power Cables Table 1-2 Power Cables Plug Type Earth Ground Line Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/90° 8120-1689 8120-1692 79 inches, mint gray 79 inches, mint gray Neutral Used in the following locations Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Azores Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Boznia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Bye
General Information Power Cables Table 1-2 Power Cables Plug Type Earth Ground Line Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/90° 8120-1689 8120-1692 79 inches, mint gray 79 inches, mint gray Neutral Rep. South Africa, Romania, Russia, Rwanda Saudi Arabia (220V), Senegal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Spanish Africa, Sri Lanka, St.
General Information Power Cables Table 1-4 Power Cables Plug Type Line Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/90° 8120-2104 8120-2296 79 inches, gray 79 inches, gray Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/90 Straight/Straight 8120-1378 8120-1521 8120-1751 90 inches, jade gray 90 inches, jade gray 90 inches, jade gray Neutral Earth Ground Used in the followin
General Information Power Cables Table 1-5 Power Cables Plug Type Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Nicaragua Other Pacific Islands Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico Saudi Arabia (115V,127V), Suriname Taiwan, Tobago, Trinidad, Trust Territories of Pacific Islands Turks Island United States Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands of the US Wake Island Table 1-6 Power Cables Plug Type JIS C 8303, 100 V Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & pl
General Information Power Cables Table 1-7 Power Cables Plug Type Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Used in the following locations Denmark Greenland Table 1-8 Power Cables Plug Type Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/90° 8120-4211 8120-4600 79 inches, mint gray 79 inches, mint gray Earth Ground Line Neutral Used in the following locations Botswana India Lesotho Malawi South
General Information Power Cables Table 1-9 Power Cables Plug Type (Male) Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Enderbury Island, Equatorial Guinea Falkland Islands, French Pacific Islands Gambia, Ghana, Gibraltar, Guinea Hong Kong Ireland Kenya, Kuwait Macao, Malaysia, Mauritius Nigeria Qatar Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Southern Asia, Southern Pacific Islands, St.
General Information Power Cables Table 1-10 Power Cables Plug Type Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Western Samoa Table 1-11 Power Cables Plug Type Earth Ground Line Plug Descriptions male/female Agilent Part # (cable & plug) Cable Descriptions Straight/Straight Straight/Straight Straight/90° 8120-1860 8120-1575 8120-2191 8120-4379 60 inches, jade gray 30 inches, jade gray 60 inches, jade gray 15.
General Information Power Cables ATTENTION Static Sensitive Devices This instrument was constructed in an ESD (electro-static discharge) protected environment. This is because most of the semiconductor devices used in this instrument are susceptible to damage by static discharge. Depending on the magnitude of the charge, device substrates can be punctured or destroyed by contact or mere proximity of a static charge.
General Information Product Description Product Description The Agilent Technologies 8935 Series E6380A CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station Test Set offers full signal generation and analysis capability and support for cellular frequency bands and international PCS frequency bands.
General Information Product Description In addition to its CDMA measurements and capabilities, the Test Set also provides the following analog measurements: • AC Level • AM Depth • AF Frequency • DC Level • Distortion • Frequency and Frequency Error • Transmitter Power • FM Deviation • Audio Frequency • SINAD • SNR 34 Chapter 1 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Preface.
General Information Documentation Documentation Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used throughout this manual to help clarify instructions and reduce unnecessary text: • “Test Set” refers to the Agilent 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station Test Set. • Test Set keys are indicated like this: Preset • Test Set screen information, such as a measurement result or an error message, is shown like this: TX Channel Power -1.3 dBm NOTE HP-IB and GPIB are one and the same.
General Information Documentation • Chapter 6, “Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields,” on page 177 explains the measurements that can be made from these screens and the fields that control the measurement’s parameters. Analog measurements include ac/dc level, AM depth, AF frequency, distortion, frequency and frequency error, transmitter power, FM deviation, SINAD, and SNR.
General Information Trademark Acknowledgments Trademark Acknowledgments Hewlett-Packard and HP are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company. Microsoft‚ Windows, and MS-DOS‚ are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ProComm‚ is a registered trademark of DataStorm Technologies, Inc. HyperTerminal is a registered trademark of Hilgraeve, Incorporated. Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
2 Chapter 2 Getting Started 39
Getting Started • “Before Connecting a Radio” on page 41 • “Changing the Measurement Screen” on page 42 • “Changing the Control Fields” on page 44 • “Instrument Quick Check” on page 49 40 Chapter 2
Getting Started Before Connecting a Radio Before Connecting a Radio NOTE The RF IN/OUT port should be used for all transmitter tests when the radio is connected directly to the Test Set. (All UUT transmitter power measurements are made through this port). Off-the-air measurements can be made using the ANT IN port. CAUTION Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s side panel for maximum input power level at the RF IN/OUT, DUPLEX OUT, and ANT IN connectors.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display Changing the Test Set’s Display Changing the Measurement Screen The measurement screen is changed using the titlebar at the top of the screen and the cursor-control knob, using the GENERATOR/ANALYZER keys, or by using the UTILS keys. Rotate the knob to move the cursor from field to field or to change settings. Press the knob to make selections (see “Changing the Control Fields” on page 44 for more information about fields).
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display To change the measurement screen Step 1. Select the titlebar at the top of the screen (placement of the titlebar may vary slightly on some screens). Step 2. Select the measurement screen from the list of choices. OR Step 1. Press a screen key: CDMA Gen, CDMA Anl, Code Dom, RF Gen, RF Anl, Spec Anl, AF Anl, Scope, Prev, Inst Config, Help, Printer Config, I/O Config, Error Message.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display Changing the Control Fields There are several types of control fields in the Test Set. This section describes some of the different types of fields. Unit-of-Measure Field Unit-of-measure can be changed to display measurements in different values or magnitudes. The unit-of-measure field can also be used to turn a measurement on or off (use the On/Off Yes key). Figure 2-2 Unit-of-Measure Field Unit-of-Measure To change a unit-of-measure field Step 1.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display Underlined Entry Field Underlined entry fields provide a choice of two settings (toggle). Figure 2-3 Underlined Entry Field Underlined Entry Field To Change an underlined entry Step 1. Position the cursor at the field. Step 2. Push the cursor-control knob or the Enter key to move the underline under the desired choice. The underlined setting is immediately activated when selected.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display One-of-Many Field One-of-many fields display a list of choices when selected. Figure 2-4 One-of-Many Field One-of-Many Field To make a one-of-many choice Step 1. Position the cursor at the field. Step 2. Push the cursor-control knob or the Enter key to display the choices. Step 3. Move the cursor through the choices by turning the knob. Step 4. Push the cursor-control knob or the Enter key to make the choice.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display Numeric-Entry Fields Values for numeric entry fields can be entered and changed using various methods, depending on your testing needs. Figure 2-5 Numeric-Entry Field Numeric Entry Field To change a value Step 1. Position the cursor at the field. Step 2. Key in the desired number using the DATA ENTRY keys. Step 3. Press Enter to select the choice. OR Step 4. Position the cursor at the field. Step 5.
Getting Started Changing the Test Set’s Display Decimal Values Decimal values are used for most numeric entry fields. The acceptable entries for decimal values are 0 through 9,. , +/-, and EEX. The +/- key is used for entering negative numbers. The EEX key is used to enter values in exponential notation. For example to enter 10-9 you would enter 1, 0, EEX (Shift, +/-), +/-, 9. Hexadecimal Values Hexadecimal (Hex) values are used for entering some signaling parameters.
Getting Started How do I Verify that the Test Set is Operating Properly? How do I Verify that the Test Set is Operating Properly? If your Test Set powers-up and displays the CDMA ANALYZER screen, but you suspect an instrument problem, use the Instrument Quick Check to verify operation of the basic instrument functions. If no failure is indicated by this test, but you still suspect a problem, refer to the “Performance Tests” information in the Assembly Level Repair Manual. Instrument Quick Check Step 1.
Getting Started How do I Verify that the Test Set is Operating Properly? Figure 2-6 CDMA Spectrum 50 Chapter 2
3 Operating Overview 51
Operating Overview • “Displaying CDMA Measurements” on page 53 • “Displaying Analog Measurements” on page 56 • “Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies” on page 60 • “Calibrating the Channel Power Measurement – CDMA Analyzer” on page 61 • “Changing the Increment or Decrement Setting” on page 64 • “Using Measurement Limit Indicators” on page 65 • “Setting A Measurement Reference” on page 67 • “Averaging Measurements” on page 68 • “Setting an RF Generator/Analyzer Offset” on page 69 •
Operating Overview Displaying CDMA Measurements Displaying CDMA Measurements Channel Power, Adjacent Channel Power (ACP), Rho, Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), Average Power You can select channel power, ACP, rho, EVM, or average power on the CDMA ANALYZER or CDMA GENERATOR screen as shown in Figure 3-1. For more information about these measurements see “CDMA Measurements” on page 131.
Operating Overview Displaying CDMA Measurements Magnitude Error, Phase Error When you select EVM, the Magnitude Error and Phase Error measurements are displayed. Code Domain Measurements (Power, Fast Power, Power & Noise, Complex Power, Phase, Timing, Fast Power Synchronization) Code domain measurements are displayed on the CODE DOM screen.
Operating Overview Displaying CDMA Measurements Figure 3-3 Selecting Code Domain Measurements I/Q Diagram Displays the I/Q convergence for the current measurement. See “IQ Constellation Diagram, IS-2000 only” on page 149 for additional information.
Operating Overview Displaying Analog Measurements Displaying Analog Measurements RF Measurements Frequency Error, Frequency RF Frequency Error and RF Frequency are displayed on the RF ANALYZER, RF GENERATOR, and AF ANALYZER screens. Figure 3-5 Displaying RF Frequency Error or RF Frequency, and TX Power Choices: Freq Error Frequency TX Power Transmitter (TX)Power TX Power is only measured and displayed here when the Input Port on the RF ANALYZER screen is set to RF In.
Operating Overview Displaying Analog Measurements Displaying AF Measurements FM Deviation, AM Depth, AC Level The AF Anl In setting determines the AF analyzer’s input and the measurement displayed in the top-right corner of the measurement area (see Figure 3-6). These measurements are displayed on the RF GENERATOR, RF ANALYZER, and AF ANALYZER screens. Table 3-6 lists the measurement displayed for each AF Anl In setting.
Operating Overview Displaying Analog Measurements Figure 3-7 Displaying SINAD, Distortion, SNR, DC Level, or AF Frequency Choices: SINAD Distn SNR AF Freq DC Level The Distortion and SINAD measurements use the variable frequency notch filter (audio analyzer screen frequency range 300 Hz – 10 kHz). Selecting SNR (Signal/Noise Ratio) turns off any other audio measurement. For more information on making this measurement, see “RF Gen Freq” on page 213. 58 Chapter 3 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Opoverv.
Operating Overview Displaying Measurement Results on a Meter Scale Displaying Measurement Results on a Meter Scale Figure 3-8 Displaying the Meter Scale Unit-of -Measure Fields Meters: On/Off Lo End Hi End Intervals Measurement results can be displayed on a meter scale. The digital numeric value is still displayed (but smaller) under the meter scale. To display the meter scale 1. Move the cursor to the unit-of-measure field for the measurement you want displayed on the meter. 2.
Operating Overview Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies RF analyzer and RF generator frequencies can be entered by channel number (the default setting) or by discrete frequencies (in MHz). The RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen controls which way frequencies are entered. This screen is accessed by pressing the Inst Config key.
Operating Overview Calibrating the Channel Power Measurement – CDMA Analyzer Calibrating the Channel Power Measurement – CDMA Analyzer To calibrate a channel power measurement using the internal CDMA generator: Step 4. Remove power from the RF IN/OUT (or ANT IN) port. Step 5. Go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen and choose the Chan Pwr measurement. Step 6. Set the Tune Freq field (or RF Channel field) to the center frequency of your CDMA signal. Step 7.
Operating Overview Calibrating the Channel Power Measurement – Code Domain Calibrating the Channel Power Measurement – Code Domain To calibrate a channel power measurement using the internal CDMA generator: Step 8. Remove power from the RF IN/OUT (or ANT IN) port. Step 9. Go to the CODE DOMAIN screen and choose the CD Setup (IS-95 only) or Reference (IS-2000) control. Step 10. Select Abs from the CD pwr unit field. Step 11. Select the Chn Pwr Cal field and and press the knob to start calibration.
Operating Overview Calibrating the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement Calibrating the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement To calibrate an ACP measurement using the internal CDMA generator: Step 12. Remove power from the RF IN/OUT (or ANT IN) port. Step 13. Go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen and choose the ACP measurement. Step 14. Set the Tune Freq field (or RF Channel field) to the center frequency of your CDMA signal. Step 15. Select the ACP Cal field and wait until the calibration is complete.
Operating Overview Changing the Increment or Decrement Setting Changing the Increment or Decrement Setting Specifying An Increment Value for the Arrow Keys or Knob The Incr Set key is used to assign a specific increment value. The increment value may use different units than the field you are incrementing/decrementing. For instance; if the RF generator’s Amplitude setting is displayed in dB µV, you could increment in units of dB or mV. To change the increment/decrement value Step 1.
Operating Overview Using Measurement Limit Indicators Using Measurement Limit Indicators The Lo Limit and Hi Limit functions are used to define a measurement “window.” You can set a high limit, a low limit, or both. When limits are assigned, Lo, Hi or both are indicated on the screen. A measurement that goes above or below the defined limits causes three things to happen: 1. A message appears at the top of the screen indicating a limit was exceeded. 2. The Lo or Hi indicator flashes. 3.
Operating Overview Using Measurement Limit Indicators To remove a limit Step 1. Position the cursor in front of the unit-of-measure for the assigned limit. Step 2. Press and release the Shift key, then the down-arrow (or up-arrow key) to access the Lo Limit (or Hi Limit) function, then press the On/Off key. 66 Chapter 3 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Opoverv.
Operating Overview Setting A Measurement Reference Setting A Measurement Reference The reference set (Ref Set) function establishes a measurement reference point. This allows you to make a direct comparison between two measurement results, or between a measurement standard and the actual measurement results. Depending on the type of measurement, referenced measurements are displayed in one of two ways: 1. Displayed value = Measurement − Reference.
Operating Overview Averaging Measurements Averaging Measurements The Avg (average) function allows you to display the average value of a number of measurements. You enter the number of measurement samples used to calculate and display the measurement average. This dampens the effects of rapidly changing measurements, providing a more usable measurement display. To use measurement averaging Step 1. Position the cursor in front of the measurement’s unit-of-measure. Step 2.
Operating Overview Setting an RF Generator/Analyzer Offset Setting an RF Generator/Analyzer Offset You can set a fixed frequency offset between the RF generator and the RF analyzer. This feature is convenient for testing radios with a fixed transmit/receive frequency offset. To set an RF Offset Step 1. Go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen. Step 2. Set the RF Display field to Freq. Step 3. Set the RF Offset field to On. Step 4. Select the (Gen)-(Anl) field and enter the frequency offset value. Step 5.
Operating Overview Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups The save and recall functions allow you to store different instrument setups and retrieve them later, eliminating the task of re-configuring the Test Set. The number of available save registers depends on how many changes were made to the base instrument setup for each save. (See “BASE Settings” on page 72.
Operating Overview Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups To remove (clear) an individual save register Step 1. Specify where the register is stored using the Save/Recall field on the I/O CONFIGURE screen. Step 2. Press Recall. Step 3. Use the knob to position the cursor in front of the register to be removed from the Recall menu at the bottom-right of the screen. The register name and percentage of memory occupied by that register are indicated at the top of the screen. Step 4. Press Yes On/Off.
Operating Overview Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups BASE Settings The BASE register contains any field settings the user has saved that are different from the instrument preset state. It establishes a reference point for all future saves. If a base is not saved, the preset state is used as the reference. When you save an instrument setup, the new setup is compared to the base settings, and any differences are stored under the register name you supply.
Operating Overview Using USER Keys Using USER Keys You can use user keys to move quickly between fields on the same screen, and to access fields that are not normally available on the screen you are using. Local user keys are used to move between settings on the screen that is displayed. Five local user keys are available for each screen: k1, k2, k3, k4, and k5. When the user key is pressed, the cursor instantly moves to, and selects, the assigned field; eliminating the need to turn and push the knob.
Operating Overview Using USER Keys Assigning and Releasing USER Keys When defining user keys, the Assign function is used to create key definitions; the Release function removes the definitions. Re-assigning a user key to a different field automatically releases it from its previous setting. To assign local user keys Step 1. Move the cursor to the field that you want to assign to a local user key. Step 2. Press and release the Shift key, then the k4 key to access the Assign function.
Operating Overview Replacing Batteries Replacing Batteries Test Set backs up its RAM using two battery types. One type is a set of two AA batteries mounted inside the rear panel of the Test Set. You must periodically change these batteries. The second type of RAM backup battery is not user serviceable. CAUTION Failure to take prompt action may result in loss of RAM data including IBASIC programs and SAVE / RECALL states stored in the RAM. NOTE Do not use rechargeable batteries.
4 Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools 77
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools • “Using the RF Tools Program” on page 79 • “Using the Code Domain Analyzer” on page 108 • “Using the Spectrum Analyzer” on page 111 • “Using the Voltmeter and Audio Frequency Counter” on page 118 • “Using the Oscilloscope (Scope)” on page 119 • “Securing a Test Procedure” on page 123 • “Clearing RAM” on page 124 • “Using the LISTOPTS (list options) Program” on page 125 • “Using the DEMO Program” on page 126 • “Using the ST_PLT (store or plot) Program” on page 127
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Using the RF Tools Program The RF Tools program resides in the Test Set’s ROM. This guide supports RF Tools version B.02.11.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Loading and Running RF Tools 1. Press the MENU key to display the SOFTWARE MENU screen (shown below). Figure 4-1 SOFTWARE MENU Screen Choices: Card ROM RAM Choices: RFTOOLS 2. Position the cursor at the highlighted area under Select Procedure Location and push the knob to select it. A Choices menu appears. 3. Position the cursor at ROM and select it. 4.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Test Results/BTS Utility Setup Use this setup to configure a method for measurement data collection. Measurement results may be collected using a printer, a laptop, or a PC card.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program To use a laptop and the BTS Laptop Utility for data collection: This function of RF Tools is used with the BTS Laptop Utility program. Test results can be stored as ASCII or plot data. For more information on this utility, refer to the on-line help accompanying the BTS Laptop Utility software. 1. Position the cursor at Use BTS Laptop Utility and select it (see Figure 4-3 on page 81).
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program To use a laptop interface other than the BTS Laptop Utility 1. If Use BTS Laptop Utility is set to Yes, change it to No by selecting the field. 2. Position the cursor at Send Test Results to and select it. A Choices menu appears. 3. Position the cursor at Serial 9 and select it. 4. Position the cursor at Serial Port Settings 9 and select it. A list of serial port settings appears. 5.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-4 Selecting the Swept Gain Measurement Test 2. Position the cursor at Start Frequency in MHz and select it. Enter a value for the start of the frequency sweep from 0.4 MHz to 1000 MHz or 1700 MHz to 2000 MHz. 3. Position the cursor at Stop frequency in MHZ and select it. Enter a value from 0.4 MHz to 1000 MHz or 1700 MHz to 2000 MHz. This value should be larger than the start frequency and in the same frequency band. 4.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 6. Position the cursor at DUPLEX OUT Level in dBm and select it. Enter the power level, − 54 to +10 dBm, at which the test should be conducted. If you are testing a power sensitive device, enter a low level value to avoid damage to that device. Damage may result if the power input to the Test Set’s ANT IN port exceeds 60 mW (which is equivalent to 18 dBm).
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 10. The trace of the device gain over the frequency range swept is displayed. If the gain exceeds 40 dB, it will not appear on the trace. The maximum gain is also displayed as text on the screen. To save the plot to a PC card, press k4 (Save Plot) and use the knob to enter a filename. Press k5 (Scr Dump) to send the image to a printer or to the BTS Laptop Utility. Directions will appear at the top of the screen.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Specifications • Frequency Range: 0.4-1000 MHz, 1.7-2.0 GHz • Swept Signal Level: -54 dBm to +10 dBm Discrete Frequency Insertion Loss Measurement Description The discrete frequency insertion loss test measures the loss of a cable or device at a specific frequency. DSP (Digital Signal Processing) is used to determine the results of this test, making it more accurate than the Swept Insertion Loss test. Making the Measurement 1.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 3. Position the cursor at DUPLEX OUT Level in dBm and enter the power level at which the test should be conducted. 4. Press k1 (Begin Tst) to begin the test.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Swept Insertion Loss Measurement Description This test measures the loss of a cable or device by sweeping it over the specified frequency range. This test uses the Spectrum Analyzer to make measurements. Making the Measurement 1. Select Swept Insertion Loss from the Select Test (Main) Menu. A Swept Insertion Loss Information menu will appear.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 4. Position the cursor at Max expected loss in dB and enter the greatest loss expected through your device. The insertion loss will be displayed from 0 dB to the value entered in this field. Therefore, if the Max expected loss in dB is set higher than the measured insertion loss, the plot will not display any test data. Enter the appropriate value. 5. Position the cursor at DUPLEX OUT level in dBm and enter the appropriate value.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 9. The trace of the cable loss over the frequency range swept is displayed. The average loss is also displayed on the screen. To save the plot to a PC card, press k4 (Save Plot) and use the knob to enter a filename. Press k5 (Scr Dump) to send the image to a printer or to the BTS Laptop Utility. Directions will appear at the top of the screen. Press PRINT and allow the image to print to the connected device. Then, press PAUSE/CONTINUE.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Swept Return Loss Measurement Description Swept return loss is a measure of reflection characteristics. The purpose of the swept return loss test is to detect problems in the antenna feedline system and the antenna itself. A portion of the incident power will be reflected back to the source from each transmission line fault as well as the antenna.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-12 Selecting the Swept Return Loss Measurement Select Main Menu Swept Return Loss 2. Position the cursor at Start frequency in MHz and select it. Enter a value for the start of the frequency sweep from 0.4 MHz to 1000 MHz or 1700 MHz to 2000 MHz. 3. Position the cursor at Stop frequency in MHz and select it. Enter a value from 0.4 MHz to 1000 MHz or 1700 MHz to 2000 MHz.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Damage may result if the power input to the Test Set’s ANT IN port exceeds 60 mW (which is equivalent to 18 dBm). Damage may also result to the unit-under-test if it is overdriven by the DUPLEX OUT power level. To avoid damage to the ANT IN port, enter an over-estimate gain value for the Max expected gain in dB parameter. To avoid damage to the unit under test, ensure a low power level for the DUPLEX OUT level in dBm parameter.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program 9. The plot screen appears. The trace showing return loss over the frequency band selected is displayed on the screen. Measured values for best and worst case return loss and VSWR are printed at the top of the screen. To save the plot to a PC card, press k4 (Save Plot) and use the knob to enter a filename. Press k5 (Scr Dump) to send the image to a printer or to the BTS Laptop Utility. Directions will appear at the top of the screen.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-15 Example of an Swept Return Loss results screen Estimating Antenna Return Loss If you are measuring the return loss of an antenna connected to the end of a known good feed line, you can determine the approximate return loss of the antenna by subtracting twice the line loss.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Cable Fault Measurement Description A frequency-swept signal is transmitted from the DUPLEX OUT port of the Test Set through a resistive power divider to the cable-under-test. The signals reflected from faults in the cable are combined in the power divider with the transmitted signal and received at the ANT IN port.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Making the Measurement 1. Select Cable Fault from the Select Test (Main) Menu. The Cable Fault Information menu will appear. Figure 4-16 Selecting the Cable Fault Measurement Select Main Menu Cable Fault Measurement 2. Position the cursor at Sweep center frequency (MHz) and select. A Choices menu appears. • 505 MHz - Use this center frequency for high resolution, short range cable tests. The cable lengths can range from 10 to 1000 ft.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program NOTE The greatest accuracy is obtained when you enter a cable length slightly greater than the cable length begin tested. If you are not sure of the cable length, enter a value 1.5 times the estimated length. Depending on the return loss of the antenna or device at the end of the cable, you may see a high relative mismatch displayed at the actual length of the cable.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-17 Cable Fault Setups Calibration Setup AUDIO OUT BASEBAND OUT AUDIO IN PARALLEL PORT 15 SERIAL 9 PARALLEL PORT 16 SERIAL 10 AUDIO OUT EXT SCOPE TRIG IN Q I SERIAL 11 ANALOG MODULATION IN ANT IN DUPLEX OUT SCOPE MONITOR OUT DATA PARALLEL PORT 15 SERIAL 9 PARALLEL PORT 16 SERIAL 10 LO IN VIDEO OUT 8935 ANT IN BASEBAND OUT AUDIO IN HI I SCOPE MONITOR OUT DATA LO HI ANALOG MODULATION IN Measurement
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-18 Example of a Cable Fault Plot Screen 11.The cable fault result screen appears with the test results (see Figure 4-19 for an example). If the BTS Laptop Utility is in use, this data is collected by the laptop. If you wish to repeat the test using the same calibrated devices and test parameters, press k1 (Repeat). To re-display the plot screen, press k3 (Disp Plot). To return to the Select Test (Main) Menu, press k5 (Return).
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Typical cable fault return loss measurements Return loss is a ratio of input power to reflected power. For example, if 100 Watts was applied to a cable and 10 Watts was returned, the return loss is 10 dB (10 log(100/10)). In the same example, if 1 Watt was returned, the return loss is 20 dB (10 log(100/1)).
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-20 Replot Data Files Select Main Menu Chapter 4 103
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Transfer Stored Data This utility may be used to easily transfer data collection files (test results) from an SRAM PC card over the serial, parallel, or GPIB port. You do not need to write an IBasic program. No measurements are performed. Figure 4-21 Transfer Stored Data Screen Select Main Menu 104 Chapter 4 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Tools.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program SA (Spectrum Analyzer) Self Calibration ON/OFF This menu item allows you to check the calibration status of the Test Set’s spectrum analyzer, and change the status if you desire. Figure 4-22 SA Self Calibration OFF/ON Screen Select Main Menu The RFTOOLS program uses the Test Set’s internal spectrum analyzer for making swept network analyzer measurements.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Each RFTOOLS test includes two parts: calibration and measurement. If the spectrum analyzer performs a self calibration between the calibration and measurement of the RFTOOLS test, the spectrum analyzer’s automatic self calibration instability will increase RFTOOLS test measurement error. To avoid this problem, you may use this menu item to turn off the spectrum analyzer’s self calibration.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the RF Tools Program Figure 4-23 Catalog Memory Card Screen Select Main Menu Chapter 4 107
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Code Domain Analyzer Using the Code Domain Analyzer The code domain analyzer has two display modes, selected in the Inst Config screen: • IS-95 – corresponding to the standard that specifies 64 channels in the Hadamard (consecutive integer) ordering. This code domain view graphically displays the power, phase, and timing of the CDMA signal’s 64 Walsh channels. • IS-2000 – corresponding to the standard that specifies 128 Walsh codes.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Code Domain Analyzer Figure 4-24 Code Domain Analyzer Menus – IS-95 Chapter 4 109
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Code Domain Analyzer Figure 4-25 Code Domain Analyzer Menus – IS-2000 110 Chapter 4 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Tools.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Using the Spectrum Analyzer Automatic Calibration During operation, the spectrum analyzer pauses for approximately 2 seconds every 5 minutes to recalibrate itself. This does not affect the accuracy of displayed measurements, but does cause a brief interruption of the displayed information during the process.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Selecting the Spectrum Analyzer’s Controls Menus Several levels of menus are used to access the various controls associated with the spectrum analyzer (see Figure 4-26 on page 112). “Control Fields for Analog Measurements” on page 185 provides a description for each field on the spectrum analyzer’s menus. Figure 4-26 Spectrum Analyzer Controls Menus 112 Chapter 4 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Tools.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Using the Spectrum Analyzer’s Delta Markers Delta markers are displayed when the Norm/Delta field on the spectrum analyzers Marker menu is set to Delta. The delta makers are positioned in the same way as the normal markers using the Marker menu of the spectrum analyzer screen. See “Marker To” on page 205 When the delta maker is activated, the Marker To Peak, Next Peak, Center Freq, and Ref Level fields control only the delta marker.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Reference Marker (Ref Mrkr) Level and Frequency In the delta marker mode, a second (reference) marker is placed at the current location of the marker. The first marker becomes a moveable delta marker. When the delta marker is moved, the difference in frequency and level between the reference marker and the delta marker are shown as the Delta Mrkr measurements on the right-hand side of the screen.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Using the Spectrum Analyzer Mask The spectrum analyzer mask consists of two adjustable limit lines. They show the upper and lower limits of spectral occupancy. You can choose to set and display either upper or lower limits for the mask, or both. When the mask is turned on, it continuously monitors the signal spectrum with respect to these limits and indicates a failure when the spectrum exceeds these limits.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Defining the Fixed Mask’s Limits 1. Set the Edit Mask field to the limit you want to edit (Upper or Lower). You might want to set the Mask Beep field to Off while you are defining the mask. 2. Set the Mask Type field to Fix. 3. Set the #Pts field to the number of points you want defined by the mask. You can define up to 15 points.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Spectrum Analyzer Defining the Relative Mask’s Limits 1. Set the Edit Mask field to the limit you want to edit (Upper or Lower). You might want to set the Mask Beep field to Off while you are defining the mask. 2. Set the Mask Type field to Rel. 3. Set the #Pts field to the number of points you want defined by the mask. The starting point is always the left graticule on the display, and the end point is always the right graticule on the display.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Voltmeter and Audio Frequency Counter Using the Voltmeter and Audio Frequency Counter The voltmeter can be used to measure ac and dc voltages. The input to the voltmeter is determined by the AF Anl In field on the AF ANALYZER screen. To measure external voltages: 1. Select the AF ANALYZER screen. 2. Set the AF Anl In field to Audio In. 3.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Oscilloscope (Scope) Using the Oscilloscope (Scope) The built-in 50 kHz oscilloscope provides • multiple triggering formats (internal and external) • single-shot and pre-trigger viewing for single events • full marker capability with automatic level and time readout Time/division, volts/division and vertical offset are displayed and can be changed using the front-panel knob.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Oscilloscope (Scope) Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Input Step 1. Press Shift, then RF Anl (AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen. Step 2. Select the AF Anl In field. A list of choices appears. Step 3. Select the desired input to the scope: • FM Demod for FM demodulated audio from input signals connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors. • AM Demod for AM demodulated audio from input signals connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the Oscilloscope (Scope) Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Filters Step 1. Press Shift, then RF Anl (AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen. Step 2. Select the Scope To field. A list of choices should appear. Step 3. Select the desired filtering for the signal: • Input if you want no filtering (dc coupled) • Filters to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through Filters 1 and 2 (ac coupled).
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using IB_UTIL Programs Using IB_UTIL Programs See “Securing a Test Procedure” on page 123 for information about the SECURE_IT program. See “Clearing RAM” on page 124 for information about the RAM_MANAGER program. COPY_PL The COPY_PL program allows you to copy procedures and libraries from one PC card to another. See the Agilent Technologies 8935 Programmer’s Guide for more information about procedures and libraries.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Securing a Test Procedure Securing a Test Procedure The password option for securing a test procedure is accessed by loading and running the SECURE_IT ROM program. This program is accessed by running the IB_UTIL program. Step 1. Select the SOFTWARE MENU screen. Step 2. Select the Select Procedure Location: field and choose ROM. Step 3. Select the Select Procedure Filename: field. a. Select IB_UTIL from the list of programs.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Clearing RAM Clearing RAM RAM can be cleared using the RAM_MANAGER program in the Test Set’s ROM. This program clears all RAM, including any SAVE/RECALL registers saved to Internal RAM. This program is accessed by running the IB_UTIL program. Step 1. Select the SOFTWARE MENU screen. Step 2. Select the Select Procedure Location: field and choose ROM. Step 3. Select the Select Procedure Filename: field. • Select IB_UTIL from the list of programs.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the LISTOPTS (list options) Program Using the LISTOPTS (list options) Program You can list the options that are installed in your Test Set (if any) using the LISTOPTS program. LISTOPTS also displays the firmware version of your Test Set. Follow the steps below to run the LISTOPTS program Step 1. Select the SOFTWARE MENU screen. Step 2. Select the Select Procedure Location: field and choose ROM. Step 3. Select the Select Procedure Filename: field. Step 4.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the DEMO Program Using the DEMO Program You can use the DEMO program to learn about the capabilities of the Test Set. This program demonstrates some of the most useful features of the Test Set. Follow the steps below to run the DEMO program Step 1. Select the SOFTWARE MENU screen. Step 2. Select the Select Procedure Location: field and choose ROM. Step 3. Select the Select Procedure Filename: field. Step 4. Select DEMO from the list of programs. Step 5.
Overview of the Test Set’s Built-In Tools Using the ST_PLT (store or plot) Program Using the ST_PLT (store or plot) Program This program allows you to store a spectrum analyzer, or oscilloscope trace. The storage medium can be either a memory card or internal RAM. PC card or to plot a stored trace from a PC card. Before running the program the test set must be setup to display the spectrum analyzer or oscilloscope trace as you want it plotted. They you run the ST_PLT program.
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CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields • “Average Power Measurements” on page 131 • “Adjacent Channel Power Measurements” on page 132 • “Rho Measurements” on page 133 • “Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Measurements” on page 138 • “Code Domain Measurements – IS-95” on page 139 • “Code Domain Measurements – IS-2000” on page 142 • “IQ Constellation Diagram, IS-2000 only” on page 149 • “PN Offset Search” on page 149 • “Control Fields for CDMA Measurements” on page 150 130 Chapter 5 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRe
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements CDMA Measurements Average Power Measurements Avg Pwr Avg Pwr displays the average power level of all signals at the RF IN/OUT port. The units (watts, volts, or dBm) can be changed by positioning the cursor in front of the units field and then pressing the desired units key. (See “Input Port” on page 201.) Refer to the Agilent Technologies 8935 CDMA Base Station Tests Applications Guide for more information about average power measurements.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Adjacent Channel Power Measurements ACP Adjacent channel power can be measured at frequency offsets of 0 to 3 MHz, and filter bandwidths of 10 kHz to 1.23 MHz with 100 Hz resolution.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements ADC FS ADC FS is displayed when channel power is measured. ADC FS indicates how close the measured power level is to the maximum allowed input level at the RF IN/OUT port for a particular Gain setting (on the CDMA ANALYZER screen). Changes to ADC FS can be made by altering the Gain field setting and by altering the signal level into the RF IN/OUT port. ADC FS should be between −1.0 and −0.5 dB.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Figure 5-1 Rho ρ= Pow er thatcorrelates w ith ideal TotalPow er ρ= SignalPow er SignalPow er + Error Pow er ρ> 0.912 Screens on which this measurement is displayed • CDMA ANALYZER • CDMA GENERATOR Estimated Rho (Est Rho) Estimated rho is an calculated approximation of rho that is made without taking the base station out of service.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Time Offset Time offset is displayed when the Rho measurement is selected. Time offset is the time difference between the base station’s even second and the start of the short sequence. It indicates how well your transmitter’s signal is time-aligned to system time. Time offset is measured at the base station’s antenna. The displayed value is based on the value entered in the PN Offset field. (See “PN Offset” on page 165.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Figure 5-2 Time Offset Carrier Feedthrough Carrier feedthrough is displayed when the Rho measurement is selected. Carrier feedthrough is a common cause of bad rho measurements. Carrier feedthrough is a result of RF carrier signal feeding through the I/Q modulator and getting on the output circuitry without getting modulated. A good carrier feedthrough level is lower than −25 dB (such as −29 dB).
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Figure 5-3 Q Carrier Feedthrough CarrierFeedthrough Am plitude Id e al al Re I origin SignalPow er + Error Pow er Frequen y Screens on which this measurement is displayed • CDMA ANALYZER • CDMA GENERATOR • CODE DOM (Code Domain Analyzer) Chapter 5 137
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Measurements EVM EVM is a measurement of the accuracy of the phase and amplitude of the QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) or Offset QPSK (OQPSK) modulation. Expressed as a percentage, it is the RMS magnitude value of the error vector which connects the ideal signal phasor to a measured signal phasor at the detection decision points.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Code Domain Measurements – IS-95 If you have selected IS-95 only in the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen, the Code Domain screen will appear as described in this section, with the Walsh Code ordering following the Hadamard paradigm, with 64 channels, total. These channels are referred to as “I” channels.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements • Relative code domain power displays the power in each of the 64 Walsh channels, relative to the pilot’s power. (Pilot power is approximately two-thirds of the total power.) The 64 Walsh codes (0 through 63) are represented by a vertical bar on the analyzer’s display. To measure relative code domain power the Ch pwr unit field on the CD Setup menu must be set to Rel (see Figure 5-6).
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Fast Power Fast power is a faster method of measuring code domain power. A value for Time Offset must be transferred from a non-fast power measurement before fast measurements begin, or when changes to any of the following fields occur: Data Rate, PN Offset, CDMA TB, Synth Ref. See “Ofs Trnsfer” on page 164 for more information. The number of measurement averages can be entered in the Num Avgs field on the FP Setup menu.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Figure 5-8 Code Domain Timing and Phase Tim e 32 1 8 9 40 W alsh Code 40 W alsh Code Phase 9 1 8 32 Screens on which this measurement is displayed • CODE DOM (Code Domain Analyzer, IS-95 only) Code Domain Measurements – IS-2000 If you have selected IS-2000 in the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen, the Code Domain screen will appear as described in this section, with a default Walsh Code ordering following the Bit Reverse paradigm, with
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements • Improved Convolutional Encoding for 14.4 Kbps Voice Channels – Improved spectral efficiency and higher spreading rates allow voice channels using the 14.4 Kbps vocoder now have robust convolutional encoding. • Fast Closed Loop Power Control on Forward Link traffic.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements IS-95 representation utilized Walsh order 6 alone in assigning channel numbers.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements The order selected depends on the data type. A Walsh order of 1 (one), will result in a channel size of 128. This size excludes all other channel numbers from the transmission. However, a Walsh order of 2, on any of the 4 possible Walsh codes at that level (3, 1, 2 or 0)) reserves all the channels which can be generated from this channel, using the bit reverse algorithm, on Walsh orders 2 through 7.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Figure 5-12 Code Domain Power, IS-2000, Hadamard Ordering Time offset (Tm Ofs) and frequency error (Freq Err) are always displayed when any code domain measurement is made. Carrier feedthrough (CarFT) is also displayed except when fast power is measured. Code Domain Power, IS-2000 The code domain power displays the power in each of the 128 Walsh channels, relative to the total power inside a 1.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Screens on which this measurement is displayed • CODE DOM (Code Domain Analyzer, IS-2000) Fast Power Fast power is a faster method of measuring code domain power. A number of internal values must be transferred from a non-fast power measurement before fast measurements begin, or when changes to any of the following fields occur: Data Rate, PN Offset, CDMA TB, Synth Ref.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements Code Domain Complex Power The Complex Power measurements provides two views of the current Power values in the code domain: • I Code View – IS-95 channels and IS-2000 channels combined • Q Code View – IS-2000 channels only Figure 5-15 Code Domain Complex Power I Code shows combined IS-95 and IS-2000 I Code Q Code Channel 0 is active in I Code, inactive in Q code. Means IS-95 only.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields CDMA Measurements IQ Constellation Diagram, IS-2000 only If you have the IS-2000 option installed, you will be able to select the I/Q PLOT screen from the set of available measurements. Figure 5-16 IQ Constellation Diagram The I/Q Constellation Diagram screen graphically shows I/Q decision points. This is a useful troubleshooting tool when investigating Rho problems Visual presentation helps identify IQ errors. Figure 5-16 shows no errors.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Control Fields for CDMA Measurements # of Frames See “Data Source” on page 157. ACP Cal This field calibrates the ACP measurement for the current RF analyzer frequency at the selected frequency offset (ACP Offset) and filter bandwidth (ACP Fltr BW). This field is displayed only when the ACP measurement is selected.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements ACP Offset This field designates the frequency offset from the center frequency at which the ACP measurement is made in the adjacent channels. Valid values are 100 kHz to 3 MHz. This field is displayed only when the ACP measurement is selected.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Analyzer (CDMA analyzer) The Analyzer field controls three functions: • Arm Meas arms the CDMA analyzer. The CDMA analyzer needs to be armed only when Single (see below) is selected. • Single/Cont selects between “single” measurements and “continuous” measurements. — When Single is chosen, you must arm each measurement by selecting the Arm Meas field (see above).
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Anl Special Analyzer special modes change how IQ modulated signals are analyzed. • Normal sets the CDMA generator and CDMA analyzer to create and analyze signals with standard rotation. • Inverted sets reverse rotation for I and Q signals; opposite to the direction specified in the IS-95 standards. In this mode, the CDMA generator creates reverse-rotation IQ signals and the CDMA analyzer expects reverse-rotation IQ signals.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Chan Size This field appears only in IS-2000 Code Domain measurements. The size reflects its location in the Walsh set, with 1 indicating that there is only one channel included. By comparison, a channel size of 32, will encompass (and therefore make unavailable) a total of 32, channels.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Controls Code domain analyzer settings are arranged into several menus that are accessed using the Controls field. The control groups are: • Main accesses the RF In/Ant, Tune Freq (or RF Channel), Measurement, and Analyzer fields. • Marker controls the marker to look at the level of individual Walsh channels. • Trigger accesses the trigger controls: Qual Event and Trig Event.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Data Rate This field allows receiver testing at data rates of 9.6 or 14.4 Kbps. If the data buffer is the selected data source, and the data rate is changed, the transmission state will change to Idle. Select Send to resume data output at the new rate. Choices • 14.4 Kbps • 9.6 Kbps Default selection: 9.6 Kbps Screens on which this field is present CDMA GENERATOR 156 Chapter 5 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\CdmascrnE2.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Data Source This field selects where the baseband quadrature spreader gets its data. This field is removed when the Gen Mode field is set to Noise. • Zeroes uses a data stream of all 0’s that is not encoded before being applied to the baseband quadrature spreader and output. • Ext uses external data from the DATA IN connector. This data is not encoded before being applied to the baseband quadrature spreader.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Even Sec In This field controls the internal connection of the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN connector to the CDMA analyzer or generator. • When Enable is selected, signals applied to the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN connector synchronize the timing circuits. • When Not is selected, input signals applied to the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN are ignored. This mode may be useful when signals other than an even-second clock are used for synchronization.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Gain This field sets the IF gain of the CDMA analyzer for rho, EVM, and channel power measurements. (Range: 0 dB to 36 dB in 6 dB steps.) Gain is adjusted two ways: • Auto measures the signal level and automatically adjusts the gain. • Hold disables automatic operation to allow you to manually enter the desired gain by selecting the current gain setting and entering a new value using the keypad or cursor control knob.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Gen Mode This field selects the type of modulation information sent to the CDMA generator’s IQ modulator. • Data allows data to be transmitted to simulate a traffic channel with no additive noise. (See “Data Source” on page 157.) • Eb/No causes a combination of data and White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) noise to be transmitted.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Input Atten This field controls the RF attenuators of the Test Set. If an ADC Overdriven message is displayed at the top of the screen while making measurements, increase the attenuator setting until the message is no longer displayed. This is the coarse level adjustment for the signal level into the CDMA analyzer. Fine level adjustment is performed using the Gain field. See “Gain” on page 159 for more information.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements I Power Level This IS-2000 Code Domain display field shows the power of the currently selected I (in the top bar graph) Walsh code. Screens on which this field is present COD DOM (Code Domain Analyzer, IS-2000 only): Complex Power measurement.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Meas Order This field is displayed in the Code Domain Analyzer, IS-2000. The Measurement Order is the way in which the Walsh channels are shown on the screen. Select Bit Reversed to show channels grouped according to their Walsh order. Select Hadamard to show channels grouped by channel number, as in the IS-95 standard.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Ofs Trnsfer IS-95 only. This field transfers the time offset value from the time offset measurement (displayed in TmOfs) to the Time Offset field automatically.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Phse This field displays the results of the code domain phase measurement. This field is displayed on the CODE DOM screen when the Measurement field is set to Phase. For more information about the code domain phase measurement see “Code Domain Phase (Phse)” on page 141.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements PN Offset or PN Ofs This measurement display field (PN Offset) is displayed on the CDMA ANALYZER and CDMA GENERATOR screens when Rho measurements are selected. If the PN Offset measurement is not displayed, select the Freq Err measurement field, the choose PN Offset. The same measurement is displayed in the PN Ofs measurement field on the CODE DOM screen. See “Find PN” on page 158 for more information.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Pwr Intvl This field determines the length of the data block when measuring average power. The data block is a time record over which correlated measurements are computed. Range: 0.25 to 15.0 ms Screens on which this field is present CDMA ANALYZER Pwr Ref This Code Domain field determines the reference level from which the power reading is taken. This value is always 0 dB.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Pwr Zero Selecting this field calibrates (zeroes) the average power meter. This operation should be performed immediately before making an average power measurement. This field is only displayed if the average power measurement is selected. Operating Considerations The Auto Zero field causes average power to be periodically calibrated when set to Auto.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements field on the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen. • Ampl Mid qualifies a trigger each time the input to the CDMA analyzer rises above −12 ADC FS. • Ampl Hi qualifies a trigger each time the input to the CDMA analyzer rises above − 6 ADC FS. • External must be selected if the trigger qualifier is provided by an external source. The external signal connects to the TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN connector.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements RF Channel The RF Channel field is displayed when the RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen is set to Chan. This field displays the current channel number. Channel tuning eliminates the need to enter transmit and receive frequencies directly into the Test Set.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Sprd Fact (Spread Factor) This selectable IS-2000 Code Domain field shows the spread factor (Walsh set) of the currently selected channel. The spread factor represents the number of Walsh channels available if all channels use this spread factor. A spread factor of 128 corresponds to a Walsh order of 7 and a channel width of 1 (out of 128). A spread factor of 8 corresponds to a Walsh order 3 and a channel size of 16.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Time For IS-95 Code Domain measurements only. This field displays the results of the code domain timing measurement. This field is displayed on the CODE DOM screen menu when the Measurement field is set to Timing. For more information about the code domain timing measurement see “Code Domain Timing (Timing)” on page 141. Screens on which this field is present CODE DOM (Code Domain Analyzer, IS-95 only).
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Time Offset This field allows you to manually enter a time offset. To obtain a value to enter in this field you must make at least one of the following measurements. • Power • Timing • Phase • Rho After making the measurement, access the FP Setup menu on the CODE DOM screen, and enter the value obtained from the Time Ofs field or, for rho measurements, the Time Offset measurement field on the CDMA ANALYZER screen.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Trig Event This field determines when the trigger event to the analyzer occurs. When the selected trigger in this field is qualified by the selection in the Qual Event field, the analyzer is triggered. Choices • 27 ms is an internally generated clock. • 20 ms is an internally generated clock. • 80 ms is an internally generated clock. • 2 s is an internally generated clock.
CDMA Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for CDMA Measurements Walsh Chan This field selects the Walsh channel to which to move the marker (IS-95 only mode). The marker can be moved by either entering the Walsh channel number using the keypad, or by using the cursor-control knob.
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Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields • “AC Control” on page 179 • “AM Depth Measurement” on page 179 • “AF Freq Measurement” on page 180 • “DC Level Measurement” on page 180 • “Distn (Distortion) Measurement” on page 181 • “Frequency Measurement” on page 182 • “Frequency Error Measurement” on page 182 • “TX Power Measurement” on page 183 • “FM Deviation Measurement” on page 183 • “AF Freq Measurement” on page 180 • “SINAD Measurement” on page 184 • “SNR Measurement” on page 184 • “Control Field
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements Analog Measurements AC Control The type of measurement shown is dependent on the AF Anl In settings. AC Level is displayed when the AF Anl In field is set to SSB Demod, Audio In, Ext Mod, or Audio Out. The AC Level measurement field displays either rms potential (voltage) or audio power (Watts or dBm). See “Displaying AF Measurements” on page 57, or “AF Anl In” on page 185 for more information.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements AF Freq Measurement The AF frequency measurement is the audio frequency of the signal present at the input selected in the AF Anl In field (on the AF ANALYZER screen). Four dashes (- - - -) indicate that no audio frequency is present to measure. See “SINAD, Distortion, SNR, AF Frequency, DC Level,” on page 57 for more information. See also “AF Anl In” on page 185.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements Distn (Distortion) Measurement This measurement field displays the percent of distortion for an audio signal tone. See “SINAD, Distortion, SNR, AF Frequency, DC Level,” on page 57 for more information. Operating Considerations Set the Notch Freq field (on the AF ANALYZER screen) to match the AF frequency used for your distortion measurement.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements Frequency Measurement This measurement field displays the center frequency the signal being measured. Operating Considerations This measurement cannot be used for measuring CDMA signals; use the CDMA analyzer.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements TX Power Measurement Transmitter power measures RF power at the RF IN/OUT port. Operating Considerations Only the RF IN/OUT port can be used for measuring TX power. When the Input Port is set to Ant, four dashes (- - - -) appear in place of digits for this measurement. Use the spectrum analyzer to measure low-level RF power (≤ 60 mW) at the ANT IN port. See “Input Port” on page 201 or “TX Pwr Zero” on page 221 for more information.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Analog Measurements SINAD Measurement SINAD is the measure of the ratio of the signal+noise+distortion to the noise+distortion produced at the output of a receiver that is the result of a modulated signal input. This ratio is expressed in dB. See “SINAD, Distortion, SNR, AF Frequency, DC Level,” on page 57 for more information.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Control Fields for Analog Measurements #Pts This field sets the number of points to define or edit on the spectrum analyzer’s mask. You can define up to 15 points on the mask. See “Using the Spectrum Analyzer Mask” on page 115 for more information about the spectrum analyzer mask.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements AF Cnt Gate Audio frequency counter gate specifies how long the AF counter samples the signal before displaying the frequency. Specifying a shorter gate time may enable you to see frequency fluctuations that might not be seen using a longer gate time. Screens on which this field is displayed AF ANALYZER AFGen1 Freq This field sets the frequency for the first audio frequency sinewave generator.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements AFGen1 To This field has two subfields: • The upper field sets the destination port for audio frequency generator 1 • FM -RF generator FM modulator • AM -RF generator AM modulator • Audio Out -AUDIO OUT connector • The lower field • sets FM modulation deviation if the upper field set to FM • sets AM modulation depth if the upper field set to AM • sets the amplitude of audio signal (volts RMS) at the AUDIO OUT connector
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements AFGen2 To This field has two subfields: • The upper field sets the destination port for audio frequency generator 2 • FM -RF generator FM modulator • AM -RF generator AM modulator • Audio Out -AUDIO OUT connector • The lower field • sets FM modulation deviation if the upper field set to FM • sets AM modulation depth if the upper field set to AM • sets the amplitude of audio signal (volts RMS) at the AUDIO OUT connector
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Amplitude This field adjusts the amplitude of the RF generator. See for Atten Hold (below) for more information. Screens on which this field is displayed RF GENERATOR SPEC ANL: RF generator controls menu Atten Hold Attenuator hold prevents the fixed RF output attenuators from switching in and out, eliminating the loss of the output signal as the level is changed.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Audio In Lo This field sets the AUDIO IN LO connector’s state. • Gnd causes the center pin of the connector to be connected directly to chassis ground. • Float isolates the center pin of the connector from ground, providing a floating input to the AF analyzer. • 600 To Hi establishes a 600-ohm impedance between the center pins of the AUDIO IN LO and AUDIO IN HI connectors.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Auto Zero This field is displayed for average power measurements. Auto is used to automatically zero the TX power measurement periodically during operation. Manual is used to override the Auto feature. When Manual is selected, you must manually zero the TX power measurement by selecting the TX Pwr Zero field.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Controls The spectrum analyzer and oscilloscope settings are arranged in several menus that are accessed using the Controls field. A list of menu options is displayed when the controls field is selected. See the descriptions for the individual control fields on each menu for more information.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Detector This setting selects the type of detector used when measuring and displaying AF signal levels. Detector Types • RMS displays the root mean square (rms) value of signals. • RMS*SQRT2 displays the rms value of a signal multiplied by the square root of 2. • Pk+ displays the positive peak value. • Pk − displays the negative peak value. • Pk± /2 adds the positive and negative peak values, and divides the sum by 2.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Edit Mask This field selects which limits to set or edit on the spectrum analyzer’s mask: Upper or Lower. To change the mask use the EditPt and #Pts fields. See “Using the Spectrum Analyzer Mask” on page 115 for more information about the spectrum analyzer mask.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Ext Load R External load resistance is used to calculate and display AF power. Power is calculated using the voltage measured at the AUDIO IN connections and the resistance value you enter into this field. This field is displayed only when the Audio In field on the AF ANALYZER screen is set to GND or Float. Operating Considerations To display audio power, set the AC Level measurement’s unit of measure to W (watts).
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Filter 2 This field selects an audio frequency filter which can be used to condition the audio signal before it is analyzed by the audio frequency analyzer. The following filter choices are available: • 300Hz LPF • 3kHz LPF • 15kHz LPF • > 99kHz LP • 6 kHz BPF Operating Considerations The audio from the Test Set’s speaker is not affected by Filter 1 or Filter 2 settings.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Freq (Delta Mrkr) Marker frequency (Delta Mrkr Freq) displays the difference between the frequency at delta marker and the frequency at the reference marker on the spectrum analyzer. This measurement is displayed when the Norm/Delta field on the Marker controls menu is set to Delta. See “Using the Spectrum Analyzer’s Delta Markers” on page 113 for more information on the spectrum analyzer’s delta marker.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Freq (normal marker) Marker frequency (Marker Freq) displays the frequency at the marker’s present position on the spectrum analyzer when the Norm/Delta field on the Marker controls menu is set to Norm. See“Using the Spectrum Analyzer’s Delta Markers” on page 113 for more information about using the spectrum analyzer’s markers.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Gain Cntl AF analyzer gain control specifies whether the AF analyzer’s gain settings are controlled automatically by AF autoranging (Auto), or by manual control (Hold).
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Input Atten Input attenuation sets the amount of input attenuation for the RF IN/OUT and ANT IN connectors. This function controls two settings: • The upper field determines if you want the instrument to set the attenuation automatically (Auto), or if you want to set the value manually (Hold).
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Input Port This field selects the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN port for making RF measurements. The RF IN/OUT port must be used for making TX power measurements. Operating Considerations If the RF power at the RF IN/OUT port exceeds allowable limits, a loud warning signal sounds and a message appears at the top of the screen.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Level (div) This control is divided into two subfields: The upper subfield (0.00) sets the internal trigger level as a function of vertical divisions. The trigger level is indicated by small pointers that appear on each side of the screen (only used for internal triggering).
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Lvl (marker) This measurement field displays the signal level of the signal at the current marker position on the oscilloscope. Operating Considerations The unit-of-measure for this field is dependent on the source of the signal being measured. For instance, when measuring a signal from the AUDIO IN connector, the amplitude is measured in Volts.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Lvl (Ref Mrkr) Marker level (Ref Mrkr Lvl) displays the level at the reference marker’s present position on the spectrum analyzer. This marker is displayed when the Norm/Delta field on the Marker controls menu is set to Delta. See Figure 6-1 on page 197. See “Using the Spectrum Analyzer’s Delta Markers” on page 113 for more information on the spectrum analyzer’s delta marker.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Marker To These two fields position the spectrum analyzer’s marker as follows: • Peak moves the marker to the highest peak and enters the location in the Position field. • Next Peak moves the marker to the next peak to the right and enters the location in the Position field. • Center Freq changes the center frequency value to match the current position of the marker.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Mod In To This modulation input field defines how an external modulation source is used with the RF generator. Two fields are used: • The upper field determines whether the ANALOG MODULATION IN signal is set for AM or FM modulation of the RF GENERATOR. • The lower field sets the modulation sensitivity. For instance, if FM (/Vpk) is selected for the upper field, and you set the lower field to 1.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Normalize This area performs three display operations: • Save B saves the currently displayed trace for the A-B operation. • A Only provides a continuously updated display (the “normal” mode of operation). • A-B displays the difference between the trace saved using Save B and the currently displayed trace. The comparison can yield either losses or gains in amplitude.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Notch Freq This field sets the center frequency for the variable frequency notch filter. It is typically used for distortion and SINAD measurements at frequencies below or above the standard 1 kHz notch filter. Operating Considerations When the Notch Coupl field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen is set to AFGen1, this filter and the AFGen1 Freq field match their settings.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Output Port This field selects the RF generator’s output port. Higher RF generator levels are available at the DUPLEX OUT port than at the RF IN/OUT port. Operating Considerations CAUTION Applying reverse RF power to the DUPLEX OUT connector can damage the instrument. (A message is displayed when an overpower conditions occurs.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Port/Sweep This control performs two functions: • The upper field specifies the output port of the tracking generator. • The lower field specifies whether the tracking generator sweeps from low-to-high frequencies (Norm), or from high-to-low frequencies (Invert). (The spectrum analyzer always sweeps from low to high frequencies.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Pos/Neg See “Level (div)” on page 202 Ref Level Reference level sets the amplitude reference level for the top line of the display. All signals displayed are referenced to this line. Operating Considerations The unit-of-measure for the reference can be changed as needed. For instance, 0 dBm, 0.224 V, 107.0 dBmV, and 0.00100 W can all be used to represent the same level.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Reset Reset retriggers the measurement when Single triggering is selected. See “Cont/Single” on page 192. Screens on which this field is displayed SCOPE: trigger controls menu RF Channel The RF Channel field is displayed on the screens listed below when the RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen is set to Chan. This field displays the current channel number.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements RF Gen Freq This field sets the RF generator’s frequency. This field is displayed on the screens listed below when the RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen is set to Freq. Screens on which this field is displayed SPEC ANL: RF Gen controls menu RF GENERATOR RF In/Ant This field selects the input port for the spectrum analyzer.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Scope To This field selects the signal source for the oscilloscope. This allows you to bypass certain sections of the AF analyzer’s circuitry when viewing and measuring a signal. It also allows you to select measurement paths that include additional gain stages, improving the oscilloscope’s resolution when measuring low-level signals. • Input looks at the unfiltered signal directly from the input.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Sensitivity (spectrum analyzer) This area performs two functions: • The lower field selects the vertical resolution of the display. You can choose from 1 dB, 2 dB, or 10 dB per graticule. • The upper field selects Normal or High sensitivity for the RF input. The High setting adds about 6 dB of sensitivity to the ANT IN port (when the Input Atten field is set to 0 dB) for looking at very low level signals.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Span Sets the span of frequencies to be displayed on the screen. Operating Considerations When the tracking generator is used, the span also defines the frequency sweep range. Spans >1.5 MHz disable the AF analyzer when the analyzer’s AF Anl In field is set to FM Demod, AM Demod, or SSB Demod. This disables all the AF analyzer’s measurement and output functions.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Squelch This setting determines the squelch operation when demodulating FM, AM, or SSB signals. Three settings are available: • Pot uses the front-panel SQUELCH knob for squelch level adjustment. • Open disables squelch operation. • Fixed sets the squelch to a fixed level, disabling the front-panel SQUELCH knob control.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Time This measurement displays the time elapsed from the trigger point to the current marker position. The Ref Set function can be used with this measurement to display time relative to a specific position. (See “Setting A Measurement Reference” on page 67.) Screens on which this field is displayed SCOPE: all control menus Time/div This field selects the horizontal sweep time per division.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Trig-Delay The trigger delay is used to specify the time relationship between the trigger and displayed signal. • Positive values delay the measurement trigger by a specific period. The delayed trigger point is the left edge of the screen. • Negative values perform a pre-trigger function, displaying a section of the waveform before the trigger point.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Tune Freq This field is displayed when the RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen is set to Freq. RF analyzer tune frequency sets the center frequency for the RF signal to be analyzed.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements TX Pwr Zero The transmitter power zero function establishes a 0.0000 W reference for measuring RF power at the RF IN/OUT port. Operating Considerations When power is applied to the RF IN/OUT connector, the temperature of the internal circuitry increases. This can cause changes in the TX power measurement when low power levels are measured immediately following high power measurements.
Analog Measurements - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for Analog Measurements Vert Offset Vertical offset moves the displayed signal above or below the oscilloscope’s fixed centerline. Operating Considerations A centerline is displayed for the signal when an offset is used. When the vertical offset is ≠0.00, the marker level is referenced to the center line generated by the vertical offset feature, not the center line of the screen.
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Configuration - Screens and Control Fields • “Configuring the Instrument” on page 225 — “Setting the Date and Time” on page 225 — “Changing the Beeper’s Volume” on page 225 — “Turning Off User Messages” on page 225 • “Configuring for Printing A Screen” on page 226 • “Control Fields on the Configuration Screens” on page 227 224 Chapter 7 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Cnfgscrn.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Configuring the Instrument Configuring the Instrument Setting the Date and Time The Test Set has a built-in clock that keeps track of the date and time. It is powered by an internal battery to keep it operating when the instrument is off. To set the date and time Step 1. Access the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen. Step 2. Select the Date field and use the DATA ENTRY keys to enter the date (MMDDYY -- October 31, 1997 = 103197). Step 3.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Configuring for Printing A Screen Configuring for Printing A Screen Printing a Screen NOTE Throughout this manual, the terms “GPIB” and “HP-IB” are used interchangeably. Step 1. Connect a printer to the appropriate connector (SERIAL 9, PARALLEL 15, HP-IB). Step 2. Go to the PRINTER CONFIGURE screen set the Printer Port: field to the appropriate type of printer connection. If HP-IB is selected, enter the GPIB address (Printer Adrs) of the printer. Step 3.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Abort Print Select this field to interrupt the printing job in progress. Abort Print is not directly programmable over the GPIB. Screen(s) Where Field is Present PRINTER CONFIGURE Antenna In This field is used to indicate losses or gains between the ANT IN port and the device-under-test. Enter a positive value to indicate a gain (such as an amplifier).
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Base Freq (User Defined) The base frequency field sets the RF generator reference for channel 0 (zero) when the RF Chan Std field is set to USER-DEF, and the RF Display field is set to Chan.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Screen(s) Where Field is Present INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE Call • Originate places a call using the dialing sequence entered in the Number to Call field. This field is inactive when the Modem Mode field is set to Disable. • Disconnect causes the modem to disconnect from the call in progress. It also cancels any pending call origination Retries. This field is inactive when the Modem Mode field is set to Disable.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens “Code Domain Measurements – IS-2000” on page 142 Screen(s) Where Field is Present INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE 230 Chapter 7 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Cnfgscrn.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Command Escape Character This field allows you enter a one-character, non-printable escape character to define your own escape command sequence. The Decimal Equivalent of the escape character is displayed to the right of the entry. This character is sent to the modem automatically when the modem is configured (see “Modem Configuration” on page 238). This setting is retained when the instrument is turned off.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Date This field specifies the current date for the internal clock. The date can be read by a controller using GPIB and printed on test results. The format is MMDDYY (Month Day Year), using two digits for each term. When entering months January through September (01-09), the leading zero is not displayed when entered. Example; May 5, 1993 is entered as 050593, but is displayed as 50593.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Ext Ref In This field selects the reference frequency of the signal at the EXT REF IN connector. You can select 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz; 1x, 2x, 4x, 8x, or 16x chip.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Flow Control The flow control field is used when sending or receiving serial data. • None disables the Xon/Xoff function. • Xon/Xoff lets the Test Set “talk/listen” to the transceiver to alter the rate of the data being sent. • Hardware uses the serial port’s RTS and CTS lines to transfer data at high baud rates.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens (Gen)-(Anl) This field is used with the RF Offset field to specify the amount of frequency offset between the RF generator and RF analyzer. This field is always displayed when the RF Display field is set to Freq. See “Setting an RF Generator/Analyzer Offset” on page 69 for more information.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens GPIB Adrs This field is used to display and change the GPIB address of the Test Set. Operating Considerations The address can be set from 0 to 30 by using the DATA keys, or by pushing and then turning the cursor-control knob. This setting is retained when the instrument is turned off.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Incoming Call Security This field controls the usage of a password security challenge. • Off - no password challenge on connection • On - issues a password challenge on connection. The user must enter a password. The password must match the string entered in the Password field. Operating Considerations The password is case sensitive and may not contain a space. This setting is retained when the instrument is turned off.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Model This field is used to specify the type of printer used. If your printer is not listed in the Choices menu when you select this field, configure your printer to emulate one of those that is listed. (Some printers that operate with Windows only are not supported.) Screen(s) Where Field is Present PRINTER CONFIGURE Modem Configuration This field is used to configure the modem.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Modem Initialization/Configuration This field is used to enter configuration strings for the modem. It is a three-line field. Each string has a maximum of 40 characters. Blank lines will be skipped. This setting is retained when the instrument is turned off. To send these strings to the modem, select Send to Hardware under the Modem Configuration field.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Notch Coupl This field selects if the Notch Freq setting of the AF ANALYZER screen is coupled to the AF Gen1 Freq setting. When set to None, the notch filter and AF generator 1 do not interact. When set to AFGen1 (coupled), the settings track each other unless the AF generator’s frequency is set outside the 300 Hz to 10 kHz limits of the notch filter.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Password This field is used to enter the password needed to verify access for incoming calls when the Incoming Call Security field is set to On. The maximum number of characters is 8 characters (no spaces are allowed). Operating Considerations When you select this field a list of characters is displayed. Select the characters for your password using the knob.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Range Hold These fields enable/disable several autoranging. Auto All enables these routines, providing automatic adjustment when making AF or RF measurements. Hold All disables these routines, requiring you to manually set the affected settings. The following fields are affected by the Range Hold field: • Input Atten in the RF ANALYZER and SPEC ANL screens. • Gain Cntl in the AF ANALYZER screen.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Ref Select This field selects the timebase reference signal to use for generating and analyzing signals. • Auto automatically selects an external reference if a signal of sufficient level is detected at the EXT REF IN. • Internal uses the Test Set’s internal timebase and ignores signals connected to the EXT REF IN connector. • External requires a valid reference signal to be connected to the EXT REF IN connector.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Retries This field sets the number of calls that will be tried before an origination attempt is terminated. The total number of tries will be the number entered in this field, plus one for the original attempt. This setting is retained when the instrument is turned off. Screen(s) Where Field is Present MODEM CONFIGURE RF Chan Std Use the RF channel standard field to select the channel standard for the radio-under-test.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens RF Display This field selects the format for entering the RF generator’s and RF analyzer’s frequencies: • When Freq is selected, you enter the RF generator’s and the RF analyzer’s frequencies directly using the keypad or knob. • When Chan is selected, the RF Gen Freq and Tune Freq fields on all screens are replaced by the RF Channel field, and only the channel number is entered and displayed.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens RF In/Out This field is used to indicate losses or gains between the RF IN/OUT port and the device-under-test. • Enter a positive value to indicate a gain (such as an amplifier gain). When the RF IN/OUT port is used as an output, the RF generator’s (or tracking generator’s) level is automatically set the specified amount below what is indicated in the RF generator’s Amplitude field.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens RF Offset This field is displayed when the RF Display field is set to Freq. This field enables/disables the RF generator − RF analyzer frequency offset specified in the (Gen)-(Anl) field below it. Operating Considerations When an RF offset is used, changing the RF generator’s frequency or RF analyzer’s tune frequency automatically alters the other setting.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Serial Baud This field selects the baud rate for serial communications when using the serial ports. Selecting this field displays a list of baud rate choices. This setting is maintained after the instrument is turned off. Operating Considerations When in remote mode (Remote Mode field is set to On), this field is inaccessible.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Serial Port This field selects the serial port. The SERIAL 9 port must be used for serial printing. SERIAL 11 is reserved for use with special software that enables remote operation through a PC. For more information about the serial ports see “SERIAL 9, 10, and 11” on page 291. Screen(s) Where Field is Present I/O CONFIGURE MODEM CONFIGURE Status This field indicates the status of the modem connection.
Configuration - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields on the Configuration Screens Time This field sets the time-of-day for the instrument’s 24 hour clock. (Example, 4:53 PM is entered 16:53) Operating Considerations The internal clock still functions when the instrument is turned off. Screen(s) Where Field is Present INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE Total RAM This field displays the total amount of RAM available for IBASIC programs and save/recall registers.
8 Signaling Encoder and Decoder Screens and Control Fields 251
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Signaling Encoder and Decoder Screens Signaling Encoder and Decoder Screens The Decoder’s Signal Source The decoder always gets its signal immediately after the de-emphasis network of the AF analyzer. De-emphasis can be turned on or off on the AF ANALYZER screen, or can be controlled while using the decoder by assigning a global USER key to the De-Emphasis field.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder The following signaling formats are available for this decoder. • AMPS = Advanced Mobile Phone Service. • NAMPS = Narrowband Advanced Mobile Phone Service. • TACS = Total Access Communications Systems. • JTACS = Total Access Communications System for Japan. • NTACS = Narrowband Total Access Communications Systems (NTACS is an extension of JTACS).
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Decoder The AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS decoder acts like a base station receiver by analyzing Reverse Control Channel (RECC) and Reverse Voice Channel (RVC) message streams for various cellular telephone formats. The decoder can also be used to analyze Forward Control Channel (FOCC) and Forward Voice Channel (FVC) data from the base station.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder Figure 8-1 Decoding the Reverse Control Channel (RECC) Data amps-de2.wmf Figure 8-2 Decoding the AMPS-TACS Reverse Voice Channel (RVC) Data amps-de3.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder NAMPS-NTACS Reverse Voice Channel Measurements Three types of RVC information can be decoded; selected using the Measure field. See Figure 8-3. Figure 8-3 Measure Field • DSAT displays the 6-digit DSAT (Digital Supervisory Audio Tone) or DST (Digital Signaling Tone) number, depending on the type of signal being received.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields AMPS-TACS, NAMPS-NTACS Encoder and Decoder Figure 8-4 Decoding NAMPS-NTACS Reverse Voice Channel (RVC) Data nmps-de2.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields DTMF Sequence Encoder and Decoder DTMF Sequence Encoder and Decoder The DTMF sequence encoder creates dual-tone multi-frequency tone sequences of variable frequency, amplitude, and duration. It’s signal can be used to modulate the RF generator, or it can be output through the AUDIO OUT connector. The DTMF sequence decoder analyzes dual-tone multi-frequency tone sequences and displays the associated parameters.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Function Generator Encoder and Decoder Function Generator Encoder and Decoder The function generator provides single-tone audio frequency signals of various waveforms, amplitudes, and frequencies. Its signal can be used to modulate the RF generator, or it can be output through the AUDIO OUT connector. Decoding Considerations Frequency measurements are affected by the Filter1, Filter2, Settling, and De-Emphasis settings in the AF ANALYZER screen.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder AF Anl In See “AF Anl In” on page 185 AFGen2 To See “AFGen2 To” on page 188 Arm Meas Arm measurement prepares the decoder to be triggered by an incoming signal when Single is selected. When selected, the Status: field indicates Armed.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Busy/Idle This field selects the busy/idle status information to be included in the signaling sequence. • Idle sets the busy/idle bits of the forward control channel information to indicate an idle state. • Busy sets the busy/idle bits of the forward control channel information to indicate a busy state.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Data Level This setting determines the signal level change that occurs when a logical high (1) or low (0) is output. The unit-of-measure used depends on the AFGen2 To setting. The direction of the output level change depends on the Polarity setting.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder DSAT The signaling encoder’s DSAT: field is displayed only when the Mode field is set to NAMP-NTAC and the Channel field is set to Voice. This field is used to set one of the 7 valid DSAT sequences to be used on the designated voice channel. DSAT is output continuously when Send DSAT is selected, and is only stopped when Stop DSAT is selected.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Filler (FOCC) Figure 8-5 The data you enter here............ FOCC Stream A Filler Stream B Filler Message Message T1 T2 T1 T2 (2 Bits) Parity Parity Information (26 Bits) (12 Bits) Contents of the Message or Filler Field WORD B WORD A ...........is output in this sequence.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Frequency This measurement displays the decoded signal’s frequency. Screens Where Field is Present SIGNALING DECODER (Modes: Func Gen) Gate Time This field specifies how long the decoder analyzes a signal after it has been triggered. Up to 65 seconds of gate time can be specified. The gate time should be set long enough to allow the preamble and all necessary data bits to be captured.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Input Level This field specifies the expected data signal level (after de- emphasis if used). The higher the level of signal expected by the analyzer, the higher the trigger level is set. See “De-emphasis Effects on Input Level” on page 266. Operating Considerations The unit-of-measure is determined by the AF Anl In setting.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Examples of Input Level Settings Example 8-1 Example 1 Peak deviation 3 kHz, De-emphasis off. Set the input level to 3 kHz. Example 8-2 Example 2 Peak deviation 3 kHz, De-emphasis 750 ms. Set the input level to 3 × 0.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Message (FOCC) Figure 8-6 AMPS-TACS/NAMPS-NTACS FOCC Message and Filler Data Format The data you enter here............ FOCC Stream A Filler Stream B Filler Message Message T1 T2 T1 T2 (2 Bits) Parity Parity Information (26 Bits) (12 Bits) Contents of the Message or Filler Field WORD B WORD A ...........is output in this sequence.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Message (FVC) (AMPS-TACS) Figure 8-7 AMPS-TACS FVC Message Data Output Format The data you enter here............ FVC T T2 1 (2 Bits) Message Parity Information (26 Bits) (12 Bits) Contents of the Message or Field Message Word .........is output in this sequence 101 Bits 11 Bits DOTTING REPEAT 1 REPEAT 2 DOTTING W.S. W.S. OF OF WORD WORD 40 Bits 37 Bits 11 Bits 40 Bits W.S.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Message (FVC) (NAMPS-TACS) Figure 8-8 NAMPS-NTACS FVC Message Data output Format FVC Message 1234567 DSAT 2556B Send DSAT Sync word 30-bits 24-bits Message Info 28--bits Parity 12-bits DSAT DSAT 24-bits 24-bits DSAT 24-bits Data Direction This description applies to the NAMP-NTAC mode.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Mode This field is used to choose which of the Test Set’s Decoder screens to display. Func Gen DTMF AMPS-TACS NAMP-NTAC Screens Where Field is Present SIGNALING DECODER (All Modes) SIGNALING ENCODER (All Modes) Num of Bits This field lists the total number of bits displayed.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder On Time For the encoder, this field sets the length of time each DTMF tone is on during the sequence. For the decoder, this measurement column lists the length of time each tone is on during the sequence. Screens Where Field is Present SIGNALING ENCODER (Modes: DTMF) SIGNALING DECODER (Modes: DTMF) Polarity This field is used to match the polarity of the encoded signal being analyzed.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Pre-Emp This field determines whether the encoder’s signal passes through or bypasses the 750 ms pre-emphasis network. Pre-emphasis may be required when testing some FM receivers. Pre-emphasis, when used, attenuates the lower frequency tone (1200 Hz at 1200 bps) to 2/3 of the AF Gen2 To field level setting.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Send Selecting this field causes the FVC or FOCC message to be output. Operating Considerations When sending an FOCC message stream, the contents of the Filler are continuously output after the message data has been sent. Stop Filler is used to stop the output.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Send Mode This field selects the mode used when Send is selected to output the message. • Single outputs the entire message once. • Burst outputs the Message the number of times specified in the Bursts field. • Cont causes the message to be output continuously until Stop is selected. • Step is not used in the AMPS-TACS mode.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Standard This field specifies the standard for the signal being tested. Decoder Operating Considerations This setting alters the decoder’s function by specifying the expected frame structure and channel range for the incoming signal. Trying to run a test with the wrong standard selected will result in incorrect decoded data, or will display an operating error message.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Stop DSAT (FVC) This field is available only in NAMP-NTAC mode. Selecting this field stops the digital supervisory audio tone. Screens Where Field is Present SIGNALING ENCODER (Modes: NAMP-NTAC) Stop Filler (FOCC) Selecting this field stops the Filler information from being output after Send Filler or Send is used.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Trigger Pattern (bin) This field allows you to enter a specific bit pattern to filter displayed information. The decoder only displays the received data when this binary pattern is encountered immediately after triggering. This is helpful when you only want to display messages containing very specific information. The trigger pattern is entered as a sequence of ones, zeros, and dots.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Twist Twist is the ratio of amplitudes (in dB) between the high frequency and low frequency tone in each DTMF pair. A positive value indicates a higher amplitude for the high frequency tones. A negative value indicates a higher amplitude for the low frequency tones. The amplitude of the combined tones is set in the AFGen2 To field.
Signaling Encoder and Decoder - Screens and Control Fields Control Fields for the Signaling Encoder and Decoder Example 8-6 Example 4: 3 kHz deviation, Twist 2.5 dB, Pre-emphasis on. If sending a 1 (697 Hz low tone and 1209 Hz high tone), the high tone’s deviation is 1.334 (see “Example 2:” on page 279) × 1.735 (see “Example 3:” on page 279) approximately 2.314 times the low tone’s deviation. Since the peak deviation of their sum is 3 kHz, the low tone’s deviation is 905.
9 Connectors Alphabetical Listing of “Connectors” on page 282.
Connectors Connectors Connectors 10 MHz REF OUT This connector furnishes a 10 MHz reference for external instruments. Operating Considerations Waveform = sinewave Output frequency = 10 MHz Output level >0.5 V rms Output impedance approximately 50 Ω. NOTE The reference output frequency is always 10 MHz, independent of the selected input reference frequency. 16 × CHIP CLOCK 19.6608 MHz OUT This output provides a 19.6608 MHz (16 times the CDMA chip rate) square wave with a 60% duty cycle.
Connectors Connectors ANT IN The antenna input is used for analyzing low-power RF signals (≤60 mW), and is typically used for off-the-air measurements. This port can be selected in the RF ANALYZER, SPEC ANL, CDMA ANALYZER, or CODE DOM screens. CAUTION Connecting a signal of >60 mW (17.78 dBm) to the ANT IN port can cause instrument damage (although internal protection circuits can typically withstand a short-duration signal of several Watts).
Connectors Connectors AUDIO IN Two connectors are used to input audio signals to the AF analyzer: • HI is the main audio signal input connection. • LO is used for the audio signal reference. Three choices are available using the AF ANALYZER screen’s Audio In Lo field: • Gnd connects the center pin through approximately 100 Ω to chassis ground. • Float is a floating input. • 600 To Hi provides a 600 Ω internal load to match an audio source with an output impedance of 600 Ω.
Connectors Connectors AUDIO OUT This port is used to output signals from audio frequency generators 1 and 2. Operating Considerations The output level is set by the AF generators and is not affected by the front-panel VOLUME control. Output impedance <1 Ω Maximum output current = 20 mA peak Maximum reverse voltage = 12 V peak AC/DC coupling is selected using the Audio Out field. This field is available on the RF GENERATOR screen.
Connectors Connectors DATA IN This connector provides a data input to the CDMA generator. Operating Considerations Input level = TTL Input impedance = 50k Ω Data Rate = 1.2288 Mcps DUPLEX OUT This connector is an output for the RF generator, CDMA generator and tracking generator. Operating Considerations Output impedance = 50 Ω The RF generator’s output is selected in the Output Port field. This field is available on the RF GENERATOR, CDMA GENERATOR, and SPEC ANL screens.
Connectors Connectors EXT REF IN This connector allows you to input an external reference. The reference frequency is selected using the Ext Ref In field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen. Operating Considerations Input frequency = 1, 2, 5, 10, or 15 MHz; 1x, 2x, 4x, 8x, or 16x chip Input level >0.15 V rms Input impedance approximately 50Ω. When a valid signal is applied to the EXT REF IN port, the Test Set automatically switches from internal to external reference if the Ref Select field is set to Auto.
Connectors Connectors EXT SCOPE TRIG IN This connector provides an external oscilloscope’s trigger input. Operating Considerations Input threshold approximately 2.5 V Maximum Input level approximately 20 V peak Input impedance is: • 100 k Ω for signals ≤ 5.6 V peak • 5 k Ω for signals >5.6 V peak When measured with no load on the input, a 5 Volt level is present on the connector due to the internal pull-up resistor design.
Connectors Connectors PARALLEL 15 This port is used with printers requiring a parallel interface when printing screen images or test results. Set the Printer Port: field (on the PRINTER CONFIGURE screen or TESTS (Printer Setup) screen) to Parallel to print to this port. Use address PARALLEL_15 when sending data to this port from IBASIC programs. Pin numbers are embossed on the connector.
Connectors Connectors RF IN/OUT This Type-N connection is used to output signals from the RF generator and to input RF signals. CAUTION Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s connector panel for maximum input power level. Exceeding this level can cause permanent instrument damage. If the RF power at the RF IN/OUT port exceeds allowable limits, a loud warning signal sounds and a message appears at the top of the screen.
Connectors Connectors SERIAL 9, 10, and 11 The serial ports are used to input and output serial data for entering programs, printing tests results and screen images, and sending test results to a connected controller or terminal. Operating Considerations The serial communications settings are defined on the I/O CONFIGURE screen. SERIAL 9 must be used for serial printing. The IBASIC controller sends and receives data to the serial ports using address 9 for the primary port, and 10, 11 for the other ports.
Connectors Connectors field on the CDMA ANALYZER and CODE DOM screens. If the trigger is to occur on the TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN signal, select Delay in the Trig Event field and select a delay of 0.0 µs. If the TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN signal is a qualifier, select a trigger source in the Trig Event field. For more information see “Qual Event” on page 168, and “Trig Event” on page 174.
10 Accessories, Manuals, Support 293
Accessories, Manuals, Support Modifications Modifications The following information can be found in the Agilent Technologies 8935 Assembly Level Repair Manual: • Hardware Upgrades/Modifications • Firmware Upgrades • Power Cables 294 Chapter 10 C:\Spk\Ref\RefGuideRevE\Accessor.
Accessories, Manuals, Support Agilent Technologies Accessories Agilent Technologies Accessories Table 10-1 Accessories Descriptions Ordering Number 8935 Samsung CDMA BTS Test Solution 8935 RF Tools Hardware Accessory Kit E6550A E6550A Option 001 8935 RF Tools Kit (CDMA & TDMA) E6554A 8935 Lucent Base Station Connector Kit 8935 RF Tools Hardware Accessory Kit E8300A E8300A Opt 001 External Monitor The CRT Video Output drives a multisync monitor at 19.2 kHz (analog).
Accessories, Manuals, Support Agilent Technologies Accessories Agilent Technologies Test Software The Radio Test Software performs automated tests on radios used in various radio communication systems. Each test package is contained on an individual memory card.
Accessories, Manuals, Support Support for Your Instrument Support for Your Instrument Getting Help If you have problems using this Test Set, and cannot find the solution in these documents or the Help screens, please use one of the following contacts: • Your local or regional sales office listed in Table 10-5 on page 298.) • U.S.
Accessories, Manuals, Support Support for Your Instrument Table 10-5 Agilent Regional Sales and Service Offices United States of America: Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Call Center P.O. Box 4026 Englewood, CO 80155-4026 Canada: Agilent Technologies Canada Inc. 5150 Spectrum Way Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5G1 (tel) 1 800 452 4844 (tel) 1 877 894 4414 Europe: Agilent Technologies European Marketing Organization P.O.
11 Error Messages 299
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages General Information About Error Messages Information concerning error messages displayed by the Test Set may be found in one of the following manuals: • Agilent Technologies 8935 Programmer’s Guide • Agilent Technologies 8935 Assembly Level Repair Manual • Agilent Technologies Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook: • A Beginner’s Guide to SCPI The format of the displayed message determines which manual contains information about the error message.
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages Negative Numbered Error Messages Negative numbers preceding the error messages text correspond to the error conditions outlined in the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI).
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages GPIB Error Messages NOTE For the purposes of this documentation, the terms “GPIB” and “HP-IB” may be considered one and the same. GPIB Error Messages are associated with GPIB operation. Refer to the Programmers Guide for information on GPIB error messages. Example 11-5 GPIB error messages take the form: HP-IB Error: -XX or HP-IB Error For example: HP-IB Error: -410 Query INTERRUPTED. or HP-IB Error: Input value out of range.
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages The Message Display During instrument operation, various messages may appear on the Test Set’s display. Prompt-type messages generally appear on the first line of the Test Set’s display. General operating and error messages usually appear on the second line of the display. Some messages are persistent; they remain displayed until the error condition no longer exists, or until another persistent message with greater priority occurs.
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages Text Only Error Messages Operation errors generally occur when you try to do something the Test Set was not designed to do. Most messages tell you what to do to correct the problem, (turn something off, reduce a field’s value, press a certain key,…and so forth). Some common messages are listed here: • All self tests passed.
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages • Input value out of range. A number was entered that was too large or small for the selected field, for example, trying to set AFG1 Freq to 125 kHz. • Invalid keystroke. You used a key that has no function relating to the selected field, for example, pressing the On/Off key while the Filter 1 field is selected. • Option not installed. You selected a function that requires optional hardware that is not present. • Turn off either AM or FM settings.
Error Messages General Information About Error Messages • Change Ref Level, Input Port or Attenuator (if using Hold). The RF signal level is either too great or too small for the current input port, attenuator setting, or both. This error often occurs when trying to make a low-level measurement using the RF IN/OUT port with the spectrum analyzer. Make the indicated changes until this message is no longer displayed. • Change RF Gen Amplitude, Output Port or Atten Hold (if on).
Index ---meaning of, squelch, 217 meaning of, TX power measurement, 56 meaning of, TX power measurements, 183 Symbols # of Frames field, 157 #Pts field Spectrum Analyzer screen, 185 % delta key, 44 % key, 44 +/- key, 48 Numerics 1.23 MHz channel power, 132 10 MHz REF OUTPUT connector, 282 16 x CHIP CLOCK connector, 282 19.
Index AF Anl In, 57 oscilloscope input, 120 AM Depth AF Analyzer screen, 179 AM depth measurements, 57 setting, 187, 188 AM Depth field RF Analyzer screen, 179 RF Generator screen, 179 AM depth measurements, 57 AM Mod oscilloscope input, 120 Ampl Hi trigger qualifier, 169 Ampl Lo trigger qualifier, 168 Ampl Mid trigger qualifier, 169 amplifier for distortion measurements, 208 for SINAD measurements, 208 amplitude AF generator, 187, 188 RF generator, 189 twist, 279 vertical sensitivity, 221 Amplitude field
Index Avg 1-100 field Spectrum Analyzer screen, 206 Avg key, 68 Avg Pwr field CDMA Analyzer screen, 131 CDMA Generator screen, 131 AWGN generator, 160 Signaling Encoder screen, NAMP-NTACS mode, 261 BW= field Spectrum Analyzer screen, 191 Bypass CW RF Path, 155 bypass IQ modulator, 155 B bandwidth IF filter, 199 bandwidth, spectrum analyzer , 191 Base Freq field Instrument Configure screen, 228 base settings changing, 72 default, 72 BASEBAND OUT connector, 285 basic operation, 51 battery, replacing, 75 ba
Index Channel field Signaling Decoder screen, AMPS-TACS mode, 261 Signaling Decoder screen, NAMP-NTAC mode, 261 channel numbers for analyzer/generator frequencies, 60 channel power calibrating, 61, 62 channel power measurements, 132 channel spacing, user defined, 229 channel standard AMPS (MS, LS), 244 ETACS (MS, LS), 244 JTACS (MS, LS), 244 KOR PCS (1, 0), 244 N AMER PCS, 244 NAMPS(MSL, MSM, MSU, LSL, LSM, LSU), 244 NTACS (MS, LS), 244 TACS (MS, LS), 244 USER-DEF, 244 channel tuning, 60, 170, 245 chassis
Index notch frequency, 240 cursor control knob increment setting of, 64 CW RF Path field CDMA Generator screen, 155 D dashes meaning of, squelch, 217 meaning of, TX power measurements, 56, 183 Data (hex) field Signaling Decoder screen, AMPS-TACS mode, 261 Signaling Decoder screen, NAMP-NTAC mode, 261 Data Buff data source, 157 data buffer, 160 capacity, 271 Data field, 256 data files, replotting, 102 data files, transferring, 104 DATA IN connector, 286 Data Length field I/O Configure screen, 231 Data Level
Index See Also Signaling Encoder screen, Signaling Decoder screen EQ In/Out field, 159 Error Message key, 43 error messages, 300 IBASIC echo, 236 operation, 304 error vector magnitude.
Index Signaling Decoder screen, Func Gen mode, 265 frequency offset, 69 receiver/transmitter, 235 RF generator/analyzer, 235 tracking generator, 208 frequency tuning, 60, 170, 245 function generator waveform, 280 Function Generator signaling decoder, 259 See Also Signaling Decoder screen, Func Gen mode Function Generator signaling encoder, 259 See Also Signaling Encoder screen, Func Gen mode functional test for verifying operation, 49 FVC, 253 menu, 261 outputting, 274 G gain automatic control, 199 between
Index Incr (divide-by)10 key, 64 Incr Set key, 64 Incr x10 key, 64 increment changing setting, 64 information bits, 264, 269 Input oscilloscope filters, 121 input analyzer, 213 audio, 600 ohm impedance, 190 audio, floating, 190 audio, grounded, 190 coupling, 196 gain, 200 RF, 201 spectrum analyzer, 213 types of, 185 Input Atten field CDMA Analyzer screen, 161 Instrument Configure screen, 200 RF Analyzer screen, 200 Spectrum Analyzer screen, 200 input attenuation automatic control, 200 manual control, 200 s
Index triggering, 278 Level (div) field Oscilloscope screen, 202 Level (mask) field Spectrum Analyzer screen, 202 limits indicators, 65 pass/fail, 65 removing, 65 setting, 65 Lines/Page field Printer Configure screen, 237 LISTOPTS, 125 LO indicator, 65 Lo Limit key, 65 Lo Tone field Signaling Decoder screen, DTMF mode, 267 loss between ANT IN and device-under-test, 227 between DUPLEX OUT and device-under-test, 232 between RF IN/OUT and device-under-test, 246 low limit removing, 65 setting, 65 low-level RF
Index swept gain, 83 time offset, 135 transmitter power, 56, 183 transmitter power, peak, 220 transmitter power, sample, 220 voltage, 179 memory considerations, 72 total RAM, 250 memory card catalog, 106 memory overflow error, 72 message beeper alert, 228 displaying, 225 error, 300 IBASIC error, 236 operation, 304 output, FOCC, 274 output, FVC, 274 turn off, 225 types of, 300 Message field Signaling Encoder screen, AMPS-TACS mode, 269 Signaling Encoder screen, NAMP-NTAC mode, 270 Message field (FOCC) Signa
Index frequency, RF generator/analyzer, 235 frequency, tracking generator, 208 RF generator/analyzer, 247 RF level, 246 setting, frequency, 69 vertical, oscilloscope, 203, 222 Offset Freq (Tracking Gen) field Spectrum Analyzer screen, 208 off-the-air measurements, 201, 283 Ofs Trnsfer field Code Domain Analyzer screen, 164 On Time field Signaling Encoder screen, DTMF mode, 272 On/Off key, 59, 66, 67, 68, 71 operating basics, 51 operation messages, 304 options, for Test Set, 296 options, Test Set, 125 OQPSK
Index ppm key, 44 Pre-Emp field Signaling Encoder screen, DTMF mode, 273 pre-emphasis bypassing, 273 preset state changing, 72 default, 72 print screens, 226 Print Title field Printer Configure screen, 241 printer connecting, 241 model, 238 Printer Adrs field Printer Configure screen, 241 Printer Config key, 43 Printer Configure screen Abort Print field, 227 FF at End field, 233 FF at Start field, 233 Lines/Page field, 237 Model field, 238 Print Title field, 241 Printer Adrs field, 241 Printer Port field,
Index Sensitivity field, 214 SINAD field, 184 SNR field, 184 Squelch field, 217 Tune Freq field, 220 TX Power field, 183 TX Pwr Meas field, 220 TX Pwr Zero field, 221 RF Anl key, 43 RF Chan Std field Instrument Configure screen, 244 RF Channel field CDMA Analyzer screen, 170 CDMA Generator screen, 170 Code Domain Analyzer screen, 170 RF Analyzer screen, 212 RF Cnt Gate field RF Analyzer screen, 212 RF counter sampling, 212 RF Display field Instrument Configure screen, 245 RF Gen Freq field CDMA Generator s
Index for oscilloscope, 210 scientific notation entering numbers, 48 scope horizontal sweep, 218 level, markers, 203 markers, 203 vertical offset, 222 Scope key, 43 SCOPE MONITOR OUTPUT connector, 290 Scope To field AF Analyzer screen, 214 scope. See oscilloscope.
Index Mode field, 271 Polarity field, 272 SAT Freq field, 273 SAT Level (FVC) field, 273 Send DSAT field, 274 Send field, 274 Send Filler field, 274 Send Mode field, 275 Standard field, 276 Status field, 276 Stop field, 276 Stop Filler field, 277 Signaling Encoder screen, DTMF mode AFGen2 To, 188 Bursts field, 260 Mode field, 271 Off Time field, 271 On Time field, 272 Pre-Emp field, 273 Send field, 274 Send Mode field, 275 Standard field, 276 Status field, 276 Stop field, 276 Symbol Frequencies field, 277
Index Normalize field, 207 Offset Freq (Tracking Gen) field, 208 Output Port field, 209 Pk Hold field, 206 Port/Sweep (Tracking Gen), 210 Ref Level field, 211 RF Gen Freq field, 213 RF In/Ant field, 213 Save B field, 207 Sensitivity field, 215 Span field, 216 Track/Fixed field, 218 Spectrum Analzyer screen Norm/Delta field, 207 square wave, 280 squelch effects on HP-IB operation, 217 effects on remote operation, 217 effects on spectrum analyzer, 217 fixed level, 217 manual control, 217 off, 217 using atten
Index zero reference, 221 triangle wave, 280 Trig Event field CDMA Analyzer screen, 174 Code Domain Analyzer screen, 174 Trig Level field Signaling Decoder screen, AMPS-TACS mode, 278 Signaling Decoder screen, NAMP-NTAC mode, 278 Trig-Delay field Oscilloscope screen, 219 Trigger field Code Domain Analyzer screen, 155 Trigger Pattern (bin) field Signaling Decoder screen, AMPS-TACS mode, 278 Signaling Decoder screen, NAMP-NTAC mode, 278 TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN connector, 291 TRIGGER/QUALIFIER IN connector, 169
Index data source, 157 zeroing dc bias, 196 power meter, 221 324 Index
