HP4402.book Page i Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM User’s Guide Agilent Technologies E4418B Power Meter Agilent Technologies Part no.
HP4402.book Page ii Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM © Copyright 1998 Agilent Technologies All rights reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws. Printed in the UK.
HP4402.book Page iii Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Legal Information Legal Information Notice Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
HP4402.book Page iv Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Legal Information Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.
HP4402.book Page v Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Equipment Operation Equipment Operation Warnings and Cautions This guide uses warnings and cautions to denote hazards. WARNING A warning calls attention to a procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or the loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
HP4402.book Page vi Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM General Safety Considerations General Safety Considerations WARNING Before this instrument is switched on, make sure it has been properly grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a socket outlet provided with protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor, inside or outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth terminal can result in personal injury.
HP4402.book Page vii Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM General Safety Considerations IEC 1010-1 Compliance This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 61010-1 +A1:1992 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition.
HP4402.book Page viii Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Regulatory Information Regulatory Information Sound Emission Herstellerbescheinigung Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der Maschinenlarminformationsverordnung vom 18 Januar 1991. • Sound Pressure LpA < 70 dB. • Am Arbeitsplatz. • Normaler Betrieb. • Nach DIN 45635 T. 19 (Typprufung). Manufacturers Declaration This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the German Sound DIN 45635 T.
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HP4402.book Page xi Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Agilent Technologies E4418B Options Agilent Technologies E4418B Options The Agilent E4418B power meters have the following options available: • Option 001, supplies an internal rechargeable battery providing full instrument functionality when access to an ac power outlet is not available. • Option 002, supplies parallel rear panel sensor input(s). The power reference oscillator output is on the front panel.
HP4402.book Page xii Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM About this Guide About this Guide Chapter 1: Getting Started This chapter prepares the power meter for use and helps you to get familiar with a few of the front panel features. Chapter 2: Power Meter Operation This chapter gives a detailed description of the capabilities and operation of the power meter. You will find this chapter useful when you are operating the power meter from the front panel.
HP4402.book Page 1 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Table of Contents Page Legal Information ........................................................................ iii Notice ..................................................................................... iii Certification ........................................................................... iii Warranty................................................................................ iii Limitation of Warranty ..............................
HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM The Rear Panel at a Glance.......................................................... 1-16 Adjusting the Carrying Handle.................................................... 1-18 Rack Mounting the Power Meter ................................................. 1-19 Power Meter Operation ..................................................................... 2-1 Introduction...................................................................................
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Setting Display Offsets .......................................................... 2-36 Setting Averaging ......................................................................... 2-38 Step Detection......................................................................... 2-39 Measuring Pulsed Signals ............................................................ 2-41 Setting Measurement Limits .......................................................
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM System Inputs Menu (1 of 4).................................................. 3-7 System Inputs Menu (2 of 4).................................................. 3-8 System Inputs Menu (3 of 4).................................................. 3-9 System Inputs Menu (4 of 4).................................................. 3-10 Zero/Cal Menu ........................................................................ 3-11 Front Panel Menu Reference........
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM List of Figures Page 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-18 2-19 2-20 2-21 2-22 2-23 4-1 Battery Status............................................................................ 2-4 Battery Removal/Replacement ................................................. 2-6 Rmt I/O Port TTL Inputs .......................................................... 2-12 “Sensor Tbls” Screen......................................
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HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM List of Tables Page 1-1 1-2 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 3-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 .................................................................................................... 1-9 .................................................................................................... 1-10 Connecting the Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors During Calibration ........................................... 2-11 TTL Inputs Control Logic..........................
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HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Introduction Introduction One of the first things you will want to do with your power meter is to switch it on and become acquainted with its front panel. The sections in this chapter prepare the power meter for use and help you get familiar with some of the front panel operations. The front panel consists of both hardkeys and softkeys which allow you to select various functions and operations.
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Turning On the Power Meter Turning On the Power Meter The following steps show you how to turn on the power meter and verify that it is operating correctly. 1. Connect the power cord and turn on the power meter. The front panel display and the green power LED light up when the power meter is switched on. The power meter performs it’s power on self test. If the self test is not successful the error annunciator turns on.
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance The Front Panel at a Glance 12 11 10 9 7 8 1 2 3 4 1. 5 6 Preset Local This hardkey allows you to preset the power meter if you are currently working in local mode (that is, front panel operation). In local mode a confirmation pop up window is displayed prior to a preset being carried out.
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance 3. This hardkey switches the power meter between on and standby. When the power meter is switched to standby (that is, when this hardkey has not been selected but the line power is connected to the instrument) the red LED is lit. When the power meter is switched on the green LED is lit. Option 001 Battery: On standby with the battery installed and the ac power source disconnected the red LED is off. 4.
HP4402.book Page 6 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance 9. POWER REF Output. The power reference output is a 50 Ω type N connector. The output signal of 1 mW at 50 MHz is used for calibrating the sensor and meter combination. Power meters configured with option 003 have the power reference on the rear panel. 10. Arrow hardkeys. , , and hardkeys allow you to move the position of the cursor, select fields for editing, and edit alphanumeric characters.
HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout The Display Layout The following figure details the display layout when two measurement windows are displayed, one analog and one digital. However it is possible key to display just one measurement window. using the 13 12 11 10 9 14 1 8 2 3 4 7 5 6 1. The status reporting line displays five fields, three associated with either GP-IB, RS232 or RS422 status and two associated with error and warning conditions.
HP4402.book Page 8 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout single window then displayed is the one which was previously highlighted with the shadowed box. On the two window display the measurement setup menus work on the window which is shadowed. 3. This is the measurement result field. 4. This field displays the units of measurement, either dBm, dB, Watts or %. 5. This window is configured to show an analog meter which displays the measurement result and the meter scaling.
HP4402.book Page 9 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout current measurement. For example, the display shows: 50MHz (10,C) This is equivalent to reference number 4 in Table 1-1 and when looked up in Table 1-2 shows that: • the sensor type is 8480 series • a sensor calibration table is selected (10) • a frequency dependent offset table is selected(C). Table 1-1 Reference Number Upper Display Line Lower Display Line 1 CF:xxx.x% 2 CF:xxx.x% xxx.xyHz(a) 3 xxx.
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HP4402.book Page 11 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout Selecting Your Display Layout Your power meter display is extremely flexible. It can be used to display a variety of different measurements and windows depending on your needs. The following diagram details the various options available to you.
HP4402.book Page 12 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout Display Tutorial If you wish to experiment with the display layout before you move on to make measurements, the following procedure guides you through a few of the display setups you can choose. 1.Press Preset Local , Confirm . Notice that the upper window (which has a digital display) is the one which is highlighted by the dark box. 2.Press .
HP4402.book Page 13 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Display Layout 6.Press . The upper window is now the selected window and is highlighted by the black box. 7.Press Meter Dgtl Anlg (Anlg should be highlighted). The upper window now displays an analog meter. 8.Select the digital display using Agilent E4418B User’s Guide .
HP4402.book Page 14 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Window Symbols Window Symbols There are a number of different graphic symbols and pop up windows that can occur on the power meter display. These can occur for a variety of reasons such as when: • an error or warning occurs. • a confirmation is required. • you are required to wait while the power meter carries out a procedure. • you are required to select an entry from a list.
HP4402.book Page 15 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Window Symbols 1 of N Entry Window This pop up window is displayed when you are required to select an entry using and from the list. Numeric or Alphanumeric Entry Window This pop up window is displayed when you are required to modify numeric or alphanumeric data. The and keys move the position of the cursor. The and keys increment and decrement the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned.
HP4402.book Page 16 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Rear Panel at a Glance The Rear Panel at a Glance 1 2 3 4 N279 9 8 7 6 10 5 1. Channel A (Option 002 or 003 only) 2. Power Ref (Option 003 only) The power reference output is a 50 Ω type N connector. The output signal is used for calibrating the sensor meter combination. 3. Recorder Output This output produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the power level of the channel input.
HP4402.book Page 17 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started The Rear Panel at a Glance 8. Serial Label Each power meter has it’s own individual identification number. Refer to “Instrument serial numbers”, on page 2-75 for further information. 9. Rmt I/O This connector is an RJ-45 series shielded modular jack assembly. It provides a TTL logic level output when a measurement exceeds a predetermined limit. TTL inputs are also provided to initiate zero and calibration cycles. 10.
HP4402.book Page 18 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Adjusting the Carrying Handle Adjusting the Carrying Handle To adjust the position, grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward. Rotate the handle to the desired position.
HP4402.book Page 19 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Rack Mounting the Power Meter Rack Mounting the Power Meter You can mount the power meter in a standard 19 inch rack cabinet using one of three optional kits. Instructions and mounting hardware are included with each rack mounting kit. Any Agilent System II instrument can be rack mounted beside the Agilent E4418B power meter. To rack mount the power meter: 1.
HP4402.book Page 20 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Getting Started Rack Mounting the Power Meter To rack mount a single instrument, order option 908, or adapter kit 5063-9240. To rack mount two instruments side by side, order option 909, or lock-link kit 5061-9694 and flange kit 5063-9212. To install one or two instruments in a sliding support shelf, order shelf 5063-9255, and slide kit 1494-0015 (for a single instrument, also order filler panel 5002-3999).
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HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Introduction Introduction This chapter describes the parameters which configure the power meter to make measurements and help you determine settings to optimize performance. This chapter contains the following sections: • “Battery Operation (Option 001)”, on page 2-3 • • • “Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter”, on page 2-7. “Calibrating the Power Meter”, on page 2-8.
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Battery Operation (Option 001) Battery Operation (Option 001) The battery option (001) allows the power meter to be used in operating environments where there is no convenient access to an ac power source. General Information With the battery option installed and the power meter connected to an ac power source, the meter operates from the ac source and the battery runs in a controlled charge mode.
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Battery Operation (Option 001) Running time can be increased by operating the power meter with the display backlight turned off (see “Backlight”, on page 2-4 ). Figure 2-1: Battery Status When the power meter is running on battery power and there are less than 10 minutes of run-time remaining, the message “Battery Low” appears at the top of the screen.
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Battery Operation (Option 001) To access the backlight menu press System , More , Service , Battery . Inputs Use the softkeys on the menu to select either On , Off , or Timed . Note If the power meter is connected to an ac power source the backlight menu is greyed out and the backlight is permanently on. Battery Removal/Replacement The battery unit is easily removed and replaced. Follow the instructions given in Figure 2-2.
HP4402.book Page 6 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Battery Operation (Option 001) Figure 2-2: Battery Removal/Replacement 2 1. Using a flat headed screwdriver, turn the two spring-loaded catches one quarter turn anticlockwise. 2. Holding the catches, pull the battery assembly clear of its slot in the power meter. 3. Support the closure assembly on a flat surface. 4. Pinch the release tab between finger and thumb while - 5. lightly pressing down on the battery module.
HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter This section describes how to zero and calibrate the power meter. You should always zero the power meter prior to calibrating it. Zeroing the Power Meter Zeroing adjusts the power meter for a zero power reading with no power applied to the power sensor. During zeroing, which takes approximately 10 seconds, the wait symbol is displayed.
HP4402.book Page 8 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Press Zero Cal , More , Must Cal Off or On . Calibrating the Power Meter Calibration sets the gain of the power meter using a 50 MHz 1 mW calibrator as a traceable power reference. The power meter’s POWER REF output or a suitable external reference is used as the signal source for calibration.
HP4402.book Page 9 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Zero Cal • Press • Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. Press Cal . • . Calibration Procedure using Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors The following procedure describes how you calibrate the power meter with the Agilent 8480 series power sensors.
HP4402.book Page 10 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter 5. Press Cal to calibrate the power meter. During calibration the wait symbol is displayed. (The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output.) Example To calibrate the power meter with a power sensor whose reference calibration factor is 99.8%. • • • • 2-10 Press Zero Cal . Press Ref CF . Use the enter 99.8. Press % .
HP4402.book Page 11 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Table 2-1: Connecting the Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors During Calibration Sensor Model Connection Requirements 8481A 8481H 8482A 8482H These power sensors connect directly to the reference calibrator.
HP4402.book Page 12 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Zeroing and Calibrating Using TTL Inputs You can use the TTL inputs on the rear panel Rmt I/O port to initiate zero and calibration cycles on the power meter. The connector is an RJ-45 series shielded modular jack with the TTL input pins connected as shown in Figure 2-3.
HP4402.book Page 13 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Effective control of the zero and calibration cycles using the TTL inputs depends on correct timing of the input signals as shown in Table 2-3 and Table 2-4. Table 2-3: TTL Input Timing Diagram 1 Timing of zero/cal inputs for conditions “01” and “10”.
HP4402.book Page 14 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Zeroing and Calibrating the Power Meter Table 2-4: TTL Inputs Timing Diagram 2 Timing of zero/cal inputs for condition “00”. Inputs Operation T5 T6 T7 T8 Time Description Value T5 Maximum time between inputs going low. 100 ms T6 Minimum overlap of low inputs. 200 ms T7 Time between input detection and start of zero/cal cycle.
HP4402.book Page 15 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the Agilent E-Series Power Sensors Making Measurements with the Agilent E-Series Power Sensors This section describes how to make continuous wave measurements using the Agilent E-series power sensors. The Agilent E-series power sensors have their sensor calibration tables stored in EEPROM. This allows the frequency and calibration data to be downloaded to the power meter automatically.
HP4402.book Page 16 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the Agilent E-Series Power Sensors Example To make a measurement using an Agilent E-series power sensor. The frequency of the signal to be measured is 100 MHz. • Disconnect the power sensor from any source. • Press • • • Zero Cal . Press Zero . Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. Press Cal . • Press Frequency , Freq . Use the Cal Fac hardkeys to enter 100. Press MHz .
HP4402.book Page 17 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors Making Measurements with the Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors This section applies to all Agilent 8480 series power sensors. It does not apply to the Agilent E-series power sensors.
HP4402.book Page 18 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the Agilent 8480 Series Power Sensors up window. Modify this reference calibration factor (see below) as desired. ■ Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned. to move to other digits. 6. To confirm your choice press % . 7. Press Cal to calibrate the power meter. During calibration the wait symbol is displayed. (The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output.
HP4402.book Page 19 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables This section applies to all Agilent 8480 series power sensors. It does not apply to the Agilent E-series power sensors.
HP4402.book Page 20 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables indicates if any sensor calibration tables are currently selected. The “Sensor Tbls” screen is displayed as shown in Figure 2-4. Figure 2-4: “Sensor Tbls” Screen Making the Measurement To make the power measurement, you zero and calibrate the power meter, then set it for the frequency of the signal you want to measure.
HP4402.book Page 21 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables 8. To confirm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit. 9. Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured. 10. The measurement result is now displayed. Note If the measurement frequency does not correspond directly to a frequency in the sensor calibration table, the power meter calculates the calibration factor using linear interpolation.
HP4402.book Page 22 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables The power meter is shipped with a set of predefined sensor calibration tables. The data in these tables is based on statistical averages for a range of Agilent Technologies power sensors.
HP4402.book Page 23 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables A calibration factor in the range of 1% to 150% can be entered. The following rules apply to naming sensor calibration tables: ■ The name must consist of no more than 12 characters. ■ All characters must be upper or lower case alphabetic characters, or numeric (0-9), or an underscore (_). ■ No other characters are allowed. ■ No spaces are allowed in the name. 2.
HP4402.book Page 24 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables The following lists detail the contents of the predefined sensor calibration tables. DEFAULT RCF 100 0.1 MHz 100 110 GHz 100 Agilent 8481A RCF 100 50 MHz 100 100 MHz 99.8 2 GHz 99 3 GHz 98.6 4 GHz 98 5 GHz 97.7 6 GHz 97.4 7 GHz 97.1 8 GHz 96.6 9 GHz 96.2 10 GHz 95.4 11 GHz 94.9 12.4 GHz 94.3 13 GHz 94.3 14 GHz 93.2 15 GHz 93 16 GHz 93 17 GHz 92.7 18 GHz 91.
HP4402.book Page 25 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Agilent 8481D RCF 99 50 MHz 99 500 MHz 99.5 1 GHz 99.4 2 GHz 99.5 3 GHz 98.6 4 GHz 98.6 5 GHz 98.5 6 GHz 98.5 7 GHz 98.6 8 GHz 98.7 9 GHz 99.5 10 GHz 98.6 11 GHz 98.7 12 GHz 99 12.4 GHz 99.1 13 GHz 98.9 14 GHz 99.4 15 GHz 98.9 16 GHz 99.1 17 GHz 98.4 18 GHz 100.1 Agilent R8486A RCF 100 50 MHz 100 26.5 GHz 94.9 27 GHz 94.9 28 GHz 95.4 29 GHz 94.3 30 GHz 94.1 31 GHz 93.
HP4402.book Page 26 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Agilent RCF 50 MHz 100 MHz 500 MHz 1 GHz 2 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 9 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 12 GHz 13 GHz 14 GHz 15 GHz 16 GHz 17 GHz 18 GHz 19 GHz 20 GHz 21 GHz 22 GHz 23 GHz 24 GHz 25 GHz 26 GHz 27 GHz 28 GHz 29 GHz 30 GHz 31 GHz 32 GHz 33 GHz 34 GHz 34.5 GHz 35 GHz 36 GHz 2-26 8487A 100 100 99.9 98.6 99.8 99.5 98.9 98.8 98.6 98.5 98.4 98.3 98.3 98.3 98.1 97.
HP4402.book Page 27 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables This section describes how to use frequency dependent offset tables. Frequency dependent offset tables provide you with a quick and convenient method of compensating for your external test setup over a range of frequencies.
HP4402.book Page 28 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables Figure 2-6: “Offset Tbls” Screen Making the Measurement To make the power measurement, you zero and calibrate the power meter, then set it for the frequency of the signal you want to measure. The power meter automatically selects the calibration factor from the sensor calibration table (if selected) and the offset from the frequency dependent offset table. 1.
HP4402.book Page 29 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables 8. To confirm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit. 9. Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured. 10. The measurement result is now displayed.
HP4402.book Page 30 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables There are ten frequency dependent offset tables named CUSTOM_A through CUSTOM_J which do not contain any data when the power meter is shiped from the factory. You cannot delete any of the 10 existing frequency dependent offset tables or create any additional tables. However, you can edit the 10 existing tables.
HP4402.book Page 31 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Frequency Dependent Offset Tables you delete the frequency the equivalent offset is also removed and vice versa. Note You can only edit the table name you cannot delete it. 6. When you have completed editing the frequency dependent offset table, press Done to return to the “Offset Tbls” screen.
HP4402.book Page 32 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting the Units of Measurement Setting the Units of Measurement The “dBm/W” menu is used to select the measurement units on the currently selected window. These can either be logarithmic (dBm or dB) or linear (Watt or %) units. Preset sets the measurement units to dBm Local (logarithmic units). Table 2-5 shows which units are applicable to the individual measurement modes.
HP4402.book Page 33 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys In various softkey menu structures you are required to enter the units of measurement for power.
HP4402.book Page 34 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Making Relative Measurements Making Relative Measurements Relative mode allows you to compare any measurement result to a reference value. The relative reading can be displayed in either dB or % by pressing dBm/W and selecting either dB or % . When the measurement result is displayed in % a prefix multiplier may be shown. Relative mode is window dependent and when enabled displays “Rel” in the window to which it’s applied.
HP4402.book Page 35 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting the Resolution Setting the Resolution The resolution of each of the power meter’s windows can be set to four different levels (1, 2, 3 or 4). These four levels represent: • 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB. • 1, 2, 3 or 4 significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or %. The default value is 0.01 dB (3 digits).
HP4402.book Page 36 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Offsets Setting Offsets Setting Channel Offsets The power meter can be configured to compensate for a signal loss or gain in your test setup (for example, to compensate for the loss of a 10 dB attenuator). This gain or loss, referred to as a channel offset, is added to the measured power before the result is displayed. Offsets are entered in dB. The allowable range of values is -100 dB to +100 dB.
HP4402.book Page 37 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Offsets 2. The power meter displays the offset value in a pop up window. Modify this offset (see below) as desired. ■ Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned. to move to other digits. 3. To confirm your choice press dB . 4. Offset Off On is automatically set to “On” when a value is entered using Offset .
HP4402.book Page 38 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Averaging Setting Averaging The power meter uses a digital filter to average power readings. The number of readings averaged can range from 1 to 1024. This filter is used to reduce noise, obtain the desired resolution and to reduce the jitter in the measurement results. Increasing the value of the filter length reduces measurement noise. However, the time to take the measurement is increased.
HP4402.book Page 39 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Averaging Figure 2-9: Averaged Readings 1 Resolution Setting 2 3 4 10 dB 1 8 128 128 10 dB 1 1 16 256 10 dB 1 1 2 32 10 dB 1 1 1 16 1 1 1 8 Number of Averages Power Sensor Dynamic Range Minimum Sensor Power Maximum Sensor Power These four resolution levels represent: • 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB.
HP4402.book Page 40 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Averaging increase/decrease in the measured power. Step detection can be set in both manual and automatic filter modes. To set step detection: 1. Press System Inputs , Input Settings , More . 2. Press the Filter softkey to access the filter menu. 3. Use the Step Det Off On softkey to enable /disable step detection.
HP4402.book Page 41 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Measuring Pulsed Signals Measuring Pulsed Signals The power meter can be used to measure the power of a pulsed signal. The measurement result is a mathematical representation of the pulse power rather than an actual measurement (assumes constant peak power). The power meter measures the average power of the pulsed input signal and then divides the measurement result by the duty cycle value to obtain the pulse power reading.
HP4402.book Page 42 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Measuring Pulsed Signals To set the duty cycle: 1. Press System , Input Settings , More . The current setting of Inputs the duty cycle is displayed under the Duty Cycle softkey. 2. To change this setting press Duty Cycle . The power meter displays the duty cycle in a pop up window. Modify this value (see below) until the desired duty cycle is displayed. ■ Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned.
HP4402.book Page 43 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Setting Measurement Limits You can configure the power meter to detect when a measurement is outwith a predefined upper and/or lower limit value. There are two types of measurement limits you can set: Note • Channel Limits - are applied to the input channel and are for power measurements only.
HP4402.book Page 44 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Figure 2-11: Limits Checking Application Power Meter Swept Source Device Under Test OUT OUT IN CHANNEL A INPUT Figure 2-12: Limits Checking Results Amplitude +10 dBm o o o Fail o o o 4 dBm o Fail Frequency In this application a swept frequency signal is applied to the input of the Device Under Test. The power meter measures the output power. The limits have been set at +4 dBm and +10 dBm.
HP4402.book Page 45 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits default values depends on the measurement units in the currently selected window - see Table 2-6. Table 2-6: Range of Values for Window Limits Window Units Max Min dB +200 dB -180 dB 60 dB -120 dB dBm +230 dBm -150 dBm 90 dBm -90 dBm % 999.9 X% 100.0 a% 100.0 M% 100.0 p% W 100.000 XW 1.000 aW 1.000 MW 1.
HP4402.book Page 46 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Figure 2-13: Remote I/O TTL Outputs Pin Number 12345678 Connection 1 none 2 Ground 3 Upper Window TTL Output 4 Lower Window TTL Output 5 TTL Input 1 6 TTL Input 2 7 Ground 8 Ground To set the limits: 1. Press Meas Setup , Limits . The current setting of the maximum and minimum limits are displayed under the Max and Min softkeys respectively. 2.
HP4402.book Page 47 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits To set the TTL Output: Meas 1. Press Setup , Limits , TTL Output . The current settings for the TTL Output are displayed under the TTL Output , Limits and Fail O/P softkeys. 2. To select whether the TTL output reflects an overlimit condition, under limit condition or both, press Limits .
HP4402.book Page 48 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Figure 2-14: Pass/Fail Limit Indicators This measurement has passed. This is indicated by the limit field being empty. This measurement has failed as the result is less than the minimum limit level set of -55 dBm. This is indicated with the text “Undr Lmt”. This measurement has failed as the result is more than the maximum limit level set of -60 dBm. This is indicated with the text “Over Lmt”.
HP4402.book Page 49 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display Selecting a Digital or Analog Display The measurement windows can display the result in either a digital or analog format or both as shown in the following figures.
HP4402.book Page 50 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display To select the format of the display in the currently selected window: 1. Press Meas Setup , Display Format . 2. Press Meter Dgtl Anlg to highlight the type of format you require. Pressing this key toggles between a digital and analog display. To select the range of the analog display in the currently selected window: 1. Press Meas Setup , Display Format , Anlg Mtr Scaling . 2.
HP4402.book Page 51 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display shown in front of % or W . Pressing % or W after the correct multiplier has been selected confirms the entry. To select both an analog and digital display press until two windows are displayed. Select the format of one window to analog and the other to digital as previously described.
HP4402.book Page 52 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Setting the Range Setting the Range The power meter has no internal ranges which can be set. The only ranges that can be set are those of the Agilent E-series power sensors. With an Agilent E-series power sensor the range can be set either automatically or manually. Use autoranging when you are not sure of the power level you will be measuring. There are two manual settings either “LOWER” or “UPPER”.
HP4402.book Page 53 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface Configuring the Remote Interface This section explains how to configure the power meter for remote control using either the GP-IB parallel interface or the RS232/422 serial interface. For further information on using the power meter remotely, refer to the Agilent E4418B/E4419B Programming Guide.
HP4402.book Page 54 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface RS232/RS422 With RS232 selected as the serial interface the power meter communicates through the serial port with single ended drivers and receivers. With RS422 selsected, the serial port uses balanced drivers and receivers. The power meter acts as a DTE device. To select RS232 or RS422 as the remote interface press System , Inputs Remote Interface , Select Interface , RS232 or RS422 .
HP4402.book Page 55 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface Setting the RS232/422 Parameters This section explains how to set the baud rate, word size, parity, number of stop bits, pacing and echo for the serial interface. To set the serial interface parameters: 1. Press System , Remote Interface , Configure Interface , Inputs Serial . The current settings for Baud rate , Word size , Stop bits and Parity are shown under the softkeys. 2.
HP4402.book Page 56 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface 11. Press RTS/CTS and use any of the arrow hardkeys to select one of the following from the pop up menu: OFF - Sets the RTS signal line permanently low. ON - Sets the RTS signal line permanently high. IBFull - Sets the RTS signal line high while the receiver buffer can accept more data and sets RTS low when the data buffer is full. The transmitter is inhibited when CTS is low. 12.
HP4402.book Page 57 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface Figure 2-19: Interface Overview Examples Pressing the Done softkey returns the power meter display to the previous screen.
HP4402.book Page 58 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface Programming Language Selection You can select one of two languages to program the power meter from the remote interface. The language is SCPI when the power meter is shipped from the factory. The other language is the Agilent 437B programming language. The power meter complies with the rules and regulations of the 1995.0 version of SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments).
HP4402.book Page 59 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Recorder Output Recorder Output The rear panel Recorder Output connector produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the power level in Watts of the channel, depending on the measurement mode. This dc voltage ranges from 0 to +1 Vdc. The output impedance is typically 1 kΩ . Channel and display offsets, and duty cycle have no effect on the Recorder Output.
HP4402.book Page 60 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Recorder Output Leveling a Source Output The Recorder output can be used to level an output from a source using external leveling. The following procedure explains how to do this: 1. Select the Recorder Output by pressing Recorder Output . System Inputs , More , 2. The highest power you are going to measure is used to determine the value which you should set for the Recorder Output maximum setting.
HP4402.book Page 61 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations To reduce repeated setup sequences, up to ten power meter configurations can be stored in the power meter’s non-volatile memory. The GP-IB address and command set, the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and calibration data are not stored by a preset. The calibration table selected is not affected.
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HP4402.book Page 63 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation How Measurements are Calculated How Measurements are Calculated Figure 2-22 details how measurements are calculated. It shows the position in which the various power meter functions are implemented in the measurement calculation.
HP4402.book Page 64 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Presetting the Power Meter Presetting the Power Meter This section details the power meter’s preset conditions. The GP-IB address and command set, the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and calibration data are not affected by a preset. The calibration table selected is not affected. Preset Conditions The number of windows displayed is two. dBm/W Measurement units used is set to dBm.
HP4402.book Page 65 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Presetting the Power Meter • • • Command Set is not affected. Select Interface is not affected. • GP-IB Addr is not affected. Baud Rate is not affected. • Word size is not affected. • Stop bits is not affecetd. • Parity is not affected. Pacing is not affected. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Echo is not affected. Table Off/On is not affected. Filter Off/On is set to “On”. Filter is set to “AUTO”.
HP4402.book Page 66 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test Self Test The power meter has three distinct self test modes: • power on self test, which occurs automatically when you turn on the power meter. • confidence check, which is accessed via the front panel and requires your assistance in order to verify the POWER REF and measurement path accuracy. • troubleshooting mode, which is accessed via the front panel or remotely.
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HP4402.book Page 68 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test When the individual test is complete, the result is displayed until Done is selected. If the self test failed, information about the failure is displayed on the screen. Instrument Self Test If Instrument Self Test is selected, the following tests are run, these are the same tests which are run using the *TST? command.
HP4402.book Page 69 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test Remote Testing To invoke the remote self test, the IEEE 488.1 compliant standard command, *TST? is used.
HP4402.book Page 70 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test Test Descriptions This section specifies what is actually checked by each of the tests. Some of the tests may only be applicable to one method of invocation (for example, from the front panel). If this is the case, it is specified in the test description. Most of the tests have an associated error message which is added to the error queue if the test fails. The exception to this is the bitmap display test.
HP4402.book Page 71 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test • UART Configuration - confirms that the baud rate, stop bits and parity settings are correctly configured on the UART. • Local Loop Back - Tx and Rx on the UART are internally connected and a test message is sent to confirm correct operation. • RS232/RS422 Loop Back - A message is sent via the UART and transceivers using an external loop back connector (refer to the Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide).
HP4402.book Page 72 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Self Test Bitmap Display (Front Panel only) A series of bitmaps are displayed on the power meter showing: two checkboards, vertical lines, horizontal lines, oblique lines, all pixels on and all pixels off. Pressing More cycles you through these bitmaps. The Prev key stops the display and returns you to the previous menu.
HP4402.book Page 73 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Operator Maintenance Operator Maintenance This section describes how to replace the power line fuse and clean the power meter. If you need additional information about replacing parts or repairing the power meter, refer to the Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide. To clean the power meter, disconnect it’s supply power and wipe with a damp cloth only.
HP4402.book Page 74 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Contacting Agilent Technologies This section details what to do if you have a problem with your power meter. If you have a problem with your power meter, first refer to the section . This chapter contains a checklist that will help identify some of the most common problems.
HP4402.book Page 75 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Check the Basics Problems can be solved by repeating what was being performed when the problem occurred. A few minutes spent in performing these simple checks may eliminate time spent waiting for instrument repair. Before calling Agilent Technologies or returning the power meter for service, please make the following checks: • Check that the line socket has power.
HP4402.book Page 76 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Whenever you contact Agilent Technologies about your power meter have a complete serial number available. This will ensure that you obtain the most complete and accurate service information. The serial number can be obtained by: • • • interrogating the power meter over the GP-IB using the *IDN? command. from the front panel by selecting System , More , Service , Inputs Version .
HP4402.book Page 77 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices For more information about Agilent Technologies test and measurement products, applications, services, and for a current sales office listing, visit our web site:http://www.agilent.com You can also contact one of the following centers and ask for a test and measurement sales representative.
HP4402.book Page 78 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Europe: Agilent Technologies Test & Measurement European Marketing Organisation P.O. Box 999 1180 AZ Amstelveen The Netherlands (tel) (31 20) 547 9999 Latin America: Agilent Technologies Latin American Region Headquarters 5200 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite #950 Miami, Florida 33126 U.S.A.
HP4402.book Page 79 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Power Meter Operation Contacting Agilent Technologies Returning Your Power Meter for Service Use the information in this section if you need to return your power meter to Agilent Technologies. Package the Power Meter For Shipment Use the following steps to package the power meter for shipment to Agilent Technologies for service: 1. Fill in a blue service tag (available at the end of this guide) and attach it to the power meter.
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HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Introduction Introduction This chapter is a reference to the softkey menu structure of the power meter. “The Front Panel Menu Maps” starting on page 3-3 details the menus diagrammatically. “Front Panel Menu Reference” starting on page 3-12 details the menus descriptively.
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps The Front Panel Menu Maps The following diagrams detail the structure of the softkey menus which are accessed through the following seven hardkeys: Note • dBm/W • Frequency Cal Fac • Meas Setup • Rel Offset • Save Recall • System Inputs • Zero Cal On your power meter some softkey labels have numeric values displayed under them. These values show the current setting of that softkey.
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Frequency/Cal Fac Menu Freq 50.00MHz Frequency Cal Fac Cal Fac 100.0% Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information.
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Meas Setup Menu Meter Dgtl Anlg Display Format Meas Setup Anlg Mtr Scaling Max 20.000 dBm Min -70.000 dBm Resolution 1234 Limits Off On Max 90.000 dBm Min -90.
HP4402.book Page 6 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Rel/Offset Menu Rel Off On Rel Offset Rel Offset Off On Offset 0.000dB Save/Recall Menu Save Enter Save Recall Recall Edit Name Done Insert Char Delete Char Cancel Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information.
HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps System Inputs Menu (1 of 4) See page 3-9 Change Edit Tables Sensor Cal Tables Table Off On Freq Dep Offset Remote Interface System Inputs Linearity ATyp DTyp Insert Delete Done Done Offset Off On Tables Offset 0.000 dB Input Settings Range | AUTO Power Ref Off On Limits More Duty Cycle Off On Duty Cycle 1.000% Filter Limits Off On Max 90.000 dBm Min -90.
HP4402.book Page 8 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps System Inputs Menu (2 of 4) Clear Errors Next Error List System Inputs Recorder Output More Service Done Output Off On Must Cal Off On Max Power 100.0mW Min Power 0.
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HP4402.book Page 11 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Zero/Cal Menu Zero Cal Zero Cal Ref CF 100.0% Power Ref Off On Must Cal Off On More Note TTL Inputs Off On Depending on the power meter’s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys. The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out. Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information.
HP4402.book Page 12 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "dBm/W" Menu Front Panel Menu Reference This section describes all the hardkeys and softkeys on your power meter. The hardkey descriptions are in alphabetical order. The softkey descriptions are in the order they appear in the menus. Diagrammatical hardkeys are described at the end of this section.
HP4402.book Page 13 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Frequency/Cal Fac" Menu Frequency Cal Fac The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the channel setup. Press this hardkey to access the “Frequency/Cal Fac” menu which allows you to enter the frequency of the signal to be measured or the calibration factor.
HP4402.book Page 14 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Frequency/Cal Fac" Menu • Cal Fac Press this softkey to enter the measurement calibration factor for channel A in the range of 1% to 150%. The default value is 100%. Use the , , and hardkeys to change the calibration factor. To confirm your choice press % . Entering a calibration factor using this softkey is only possible when you are using an Agilent 8480 series power sensor.
HP4402.book Page 15 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Meas/Setup" Menu Meas Setup The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the currently selected window. Press to select the upper or lower measurement window on the power meter’s display. The window which is selected is highlighted by a shadowed box, and the set up you create is implemented in this window. Press this hardkey to access the “Meas Setup” menu.
HP4402.book Page 16 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Meas/Setup" Menu • The default value is 3 (that is, 0.01 dB or 3 digits). Limits Press this softkey to access a menu where you can enter upper and lower limits for each display window which when exceeded will output a TTL logic level (if enabled) at the rear panel TTL Outputs. Refer to “Setting Window Limits”, on page 2-44 for further information.
HP4402.book Page 17 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Meas/Setup" Menu ◆ ◆ Limits OVER UNDER EITHER Press this softkey to select whether the TTL output reflects an overlimit condition, under limit condition or both. Fail O/P HIGH LOW Press this softkey to select whether a high or low level TTL Output represents a limits failure.
HP4402.book Page 18 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "More", "Preset/Local", "Prev" Keys More Press this hardkey to move through all the softkeys available on a particular level of a menu. The bottom right of the power meter display indicates the number of pages in the menu. For example, if “1 of 2” is displayed, pressing More moves you to “2 of 2”. Pressing More again moves you back to “1 of 2”.
HP4402.book Page 19 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Rel/Offset" Menu Rel Offset The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the currently selected window. Press this hardkey to access the “Rel/Offset” menu which allows you to; compare any measurement result in dB or percentage (%) to a reference value and set display offsets. • Rel Off On • Press this softkey to toggle the reference value on or off. The default is “Off”.
HP4402.book Page 20 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Save/Recall" Menu Save Recall The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the system setup. Press this hardkey to access the “Save/Recall” menu and screen which allows you to save and recall setups which you use frequently. • Save • Press this softkey to save the current setup of the power meter to the highlighted file. First, use the and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files.
HP4402.book Page 21 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu System Inputs The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the system setup and the channel setup. Press this hardkey to access the “System/Inputs” menu. This menu allows you to set up a variety of conditions for your power meter, for example: GP-IB address, serial interface parameters, sensor calibration tables, averaging, duty cycle, range, offset, service.
HP4402.book Page 22 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu RS422 ◆ Press this softkey to select the serial port for remote operation using the RS422 Standard. Configure Interface ■ ◆ Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to either configure the GP-IB interface or the serial interface (RS232/RS422). GP-IB Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to set the GP-IB address.
HP4402.book Page 23 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu appears on the screen allowing you to select from ODD, EVEN, ZERO, ONE or NONE. Pacing ❖ Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to enable/disable various hardware and software pacing options. Tx Pacing ❏ ❏ Press this softkey to toggle between enabling and disabling the Xon/Xoff transmitter software handshake.
HP4402.book Page 24 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu ❖ • Echo Press this softkey to toggle Echo “On” or “Off”. When Echo is enabled, received characters are transmitted back to the sender. Tables Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to select between sensor calibration tables and frequency dependent offset tables.
HP4402.book Page 25 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu Freq Dep Offset ■ ◆ Press this softkey to access a menu and screen which allows you to select and edit frequency dependent offset tables. Use the and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed frequency dependent offset tables.
HP4402.book Page 26 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu Linearity ATyp DTyp ■ • Press this softkey to select the type of linearity correction that will be applied to the sensor being used. For most 8480 series sensors the correct (A type or D type) linearity correction table is automatically selected. However, for the V8486A and W8486A sensors the automatic selection must be overriden and the D type correction selected.
HP4402.book Page 27 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu ◆ ◆ Max Press this softkey to enter the upper measurement limit in the range -150 dBm to 230 dBm. The default value is 90.00 dBm. Use the , , and hardkeys to change the value. To confirm your choice press the appropriate measurement units. Max must be greater than Min . Min Press this softkey to enter the lower measurement limit in the range -150 dBm to 230 dBm.
HP4402.book Page 28 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu • ◆ measured power and uses a pre-defined look-up table. Refer to “Setting Averaging”, on page 2-38 for further information. Length ◆ Press this softkey to enter the filter length. The filter is used to reduce noise, obtain the desired resolution and to reduce jitter in the measurement results. Use the , , and hardkeys to change the value.
HP4402.book Page 29 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu • Recorder Output Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to modify the setup of the recorder output. Refer to “Recorder Output”, on page 2-59 for further information. Output Off On ■ • ■ Press this softkey to switch the rear panel Recorder Output on or off. The Recorder Output produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the selected input channel power level in Watts.
HP4402.book Page 30 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu Lithium Battery ❖ ❖ Press this softkey to verify that the firmware checksum is still resident in a battery-backed memory location. Measure Assembly ❖ Press this softkey to run a self test on the measurement assembly. Refer to “Measurement Assembly”, on page 2-70 for further information.
HP4402.book Page 31 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu ❏ back from the UART to check that the settings are correct. Local Loop Back ❏ Press this softkey to initiate a UART local loop back diagnostic with the transmitter (Tx) internally connected to the receiver (Rx). RS232 Loop Back Press this softkey to initiate an RS232 loop back test on the serial interface port. A pop up message appears stating that a test connector must be in place.
HP4402.book Page 32 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu ◆ ◆ Set Contrast Press this softkey to set the default contrast to that currently displayed. Note, this key changes the factory default setting. Set Brightness ■ Press this softkey to set the brightness. Note, this key changes the factory default setting. Version ■ Press this softkey to display: the model number; option structure; serial number; firmware, bootrom and DSP revisions.
HP4402.book Page 33 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "System/Inputs" Menu ◆ This softkey also accesses the Battery menu which allows you to set the display backlight to On, Off, or Timed mode. In Timed mode, the backlight turns off 10 minutes after the last key press. To turn the backlight on again, press any key. While operating with ac power connected these keys are grayed out and the backlight is permanently on.
HP4402.book Page 34 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Zero/Cal" Menu Zero Cal The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the channel setup. Press this hardkey to access the “Zero/Cal” menu which allows you to zero and calibrate the power meter. Refer to “Calibrating the Power Meter”, on page 2-8 for further information. • Zero • Press this softkey to adjust channel A for a zero power reading with no power applied to the power sensor.
HP4402.book Page 35 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference "Zero/Cal" Menu • TTL Inputs Off On Press this softkey to disable/enable (Off/On) the ZERO and CAL rear panel TTL inputs.
HP4402.book Page 36 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Diagramatical Keys Diagrammatical Hardkeys Press this hardkey to: • assist in modifying alphanumeric data that is to be entered into the power meter. This hardkey moves the position of the cursor to the left on the currently selected parameter. • select fields for editing on the “Edit Table” screen.
HP4402.book Page 37 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Diagramatical Keys Press this hardkey to: • increment the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned. That is, digits scroll 0 through 9, and characters lowercase a through z, uppercase A through Z, then underscore. • select fields for editing on the “Edit Table” screen. • select a table in the “Sensor Cal Tables” screen. • select a file in the “Save” and “Recall” screens.
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HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Introduction Introduction This chapter contains information about the power meter’s error messages. It explains how to read the power meter’s error queue and lists all of the power meter’s error messages and their probable causes. When there is a hardware related problem, for example, a power sensor overload, the error message is displayed on the status line at the top of the display.
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Introduction Errors are retrieved in a first in first out (FIFO) order. If more than 30 errors occur, the error queue overflows and the last error in the queue is replaced with error -350, “Queue Overflow”. Any time the queue overflows the most recent error is discarded. Once the errors are read they are removed from the error queue. This opens a position at the end of the queue for a new error message, if one is subsequently detected.
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages Error Messages -101 Invalid character An invalid character was found in the command string. You may have inserted a character such as #, $, or % in the command header or within a parameter. For example, LIM:LOW O#. -102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was found in the command string. For example, LIM:CLE:AUTO, 1 or LIM:CLE: AUTO 1. -103 Invalid separator An invalid separator was found in the command string.
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -113 Undefined header A command was received that is not valid for this power meter. You may have misspelled the command, it may not be a valid command or you may have the wrong interface selected. If you are using the short form of the command, remember that it may contain up to four letters. For example, TRIG:SOUR IMM.
HP4402.book Page 6 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -148 Character data not allowed A discrete parameter was received but a character string or a numeric parameter was expected. Check the list of parameters to verify that you have used a valid parameter type. For example, MEM:CLE CUSTOM_1. -151 Invalid string data An invalid string was received. Check to see if you have enclosed the character string in single or double quotes. For example, MEM:CLE “CUSTOM_1.
HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -214 Trigger deadlock TRIG:SOUR was set to HOLD or BUS and a READ? or MEASure? was attempted, expecting TRIG:SOUR to be set to IMMediate. -220 Parameter error;Frequency list must be in ascending order. Indicates that the frequencies entered using the MEMory:TABLe:FREQuency command are not in ascending order. -221 Settings conflict This command occurs under a variety of conflicting conditions.
HP4402.book Page 8 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -230 Data corrupt or stale;Please zero and calibrate Channel A When CAL[1|2]:RCAL is set to ON and the sensor currently connected to channel A has not been zeroed and calibrated, then any command which would normally return a measurement result (for example FETC?, READ?, or MEAS?) will generate this error message.
HP4402.book Page 9 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -241 Hardware missing The power meter is unable to execute the command because either no power sensor is connected or it expects an Agilent E-series power sensor and one is not connected. -310 System error;Dty Cyc may impair accuracy with ECP sensor This indicates that the sensor connected is for use with CW signals only.
HP4402.book Page 10 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -330 Self-test Failed; The -330, “Self-test Failed” errors indicate that you have a problem with your power meter. Refer to “Contacting Agilent Technologies”, on page 2-74 for details of what to do with your faulty power meter. -330 Self-test Failed;Measurement Channel Fault Refer to “Measurement Assembly”, on page 2-70 if you require a description of the Measurement Assembly test.
HP4402.book Page 11 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Error Messages Error Messages -361 Parity error in program The serial port receiver has detected a parity error and consequently, data integrity cannot be guaranteed. -362 Framing error in program The serial port receiver has detected a framing error and consequently, data integrity cannot be guaranteed. -363 Input buffer overrun The serial port receiver has been overrun and consequently, data has been lost.
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HP4402.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Introduction Introduction This chapter details the power meter’s specifications and supplemental characteristics. Specifications describe the warranted performance and apply after a 30 minute warm-up. These specifications are valid over the power meter’s operating and environmental range unless otherwise stated and after performing a zero and calibration.
HP4402.book Page 3 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Specifications Power Meter Specifications Meter Frequency Range 100 kHz to 110 GHz, power sensor dependent Power Range -70 dBm to +44 dBm (100 pW to 25 W), power sensor dependent Power Sensors Compatible with all Agilent 8480 series power sensors and Agilent E-series power sensors.
HP4402.book Page 4 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Specifications Accuracy Instrumentation Absolute: ±0.02 dB (Logarithmic) or ±0.5% (Linear). (Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in your power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy.) Relative: ±0.04 dB (Logarithmic) or ±1.0% (Linear). (Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in your power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy.
HP4402.book Page 5 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Specifications Power Reference Power Output 1.00 mW (0.0 dBm). Factory set to ±0.7% traceable to the US National Institute of Standards and Technology. Accuracy ±1.2% worst case (±0.9% rss) for one year.
HP4402.book Page 6 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Reference Frequency 50 MHz nominal SWR 1.
HP4402.book Page 7 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Zero Drift of Sensors Power sensor dependent (refer to Table 5-3). Measurement Noise Power sensor dependent (refer to Table 5-2 and Table 5-3). Averaging effects on measurement noise. Averaging over 1 to 1024 readings is available for reducing noise. Table 5-3 provides the measurement noise for a particular power sensor with the number of averages set to 16 for normal mode and 32 for x2 mode.
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HP4402.book Page 9 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Settling Time 0 to 99% settled readings over the GP-IB. For Agilent 8480 series power sensors Manual filter, 10 dB decreasing power step: Table 5-4: Settling Time Number of Averages 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 Settling Time (s) (Normal Mode) 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.9 3.4 6.6 13 27 57 Response Time (s) (x2 mode) 0.15 0.18 0.22 0.35 0.55 1.1 1.9 3.5 6.9 14.
HP4402.book Page 10 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics For Agilent E-series power sensors In FAST mode, within the range -50 dBm to +17 dBm, for a 10 dB decreasing power step, the settling time is 10 ms1. 1 When a decreasing power step crosses the power sensor’s auto-range switch point, add 25 ms. Refer to the relevant power sensor manual for further information.
HP4402.book Page 11 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Auto filter, default resolution, 10 dB decreasing power step, normal and x2 speed modes: Normal Mode x2 Mode Maximum dBm Maximum dBm 70 ms 40 ms 60 dB Power Sensor Dynamic Range Typical Settling Times 60 dB Power Sensor Dynamic Range Typical Settling Times 120 ms 10 dB 70 ms 10 dB 400 ms 10 dB 210 ms 10 dB 6.5 s 10 dB 3.
HP4402.book Page 12 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Sensor Specifications Definitions Zero Set In any power measurement, the power meter must initially be set to zero with no power applied to the power sensor. Zero setting is accomplished within the power meter by digitally correcting for residual offsets.
HP4402.book Page 13 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Battery Option 001 Operational Characteristics Battery Option 001 Operational Characteristics The following information describes characteristic performance based at a temperature of 25 °C unless otherwise noted. Characteristics describe product performance that is useful in the application of the product, but is not covered by the product warranty.
HP4402.book Page 14 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications General Characteristics General Characteristics Rear Panel Connectors Recorder Output Analog 0-1 Volt, 1 kΩ output impedance, BNC connector. GP-IB Allows communication with an external GP-IB controller. RS-232/422 Allows communication with an external RS-232 or RS422 controller. Male Plug 9 position D-subminiature connector. Remote Input/Output A TTL logic level is output when the measurement exceeds a predetermined limit.
HP4402.book Page 15 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications Environmental Characteristics Environmental Characteristics General Conditions Complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC. This includes Generic Immunity Standard EN 50082-1: 1992 and Radiated Interference Standard EN 55011:1991/CISPR11:1990, Group 1 - Class A.
HP4402.book Page 16 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications General General Dimensions The following dimensions exclude front and rear panel protrusions: 212.6 mm W x 88.5 mm H x 348.3 mm D (8.5 in x 3.5 in x 13.7 in) Weight Net 4.0 Kg (8.8 lb)5.0 Kg (11 lb) with option 001 Shipping 7.9 Kg (17.4 lb)8.9 Kg (19.6 lb) with option 001 Safety Conforms to the following Product Specifications: • EN61010-1: 1993/IEC 1010-1:1990+A1/CSA C22.2 No.
HP4402.book Page 17 Wednesday, November 29, 2000 4:46 PM Specifications General Non-Volatile Memory Battery Lithium Polycarbon Monoflouride, approximate lifetime 5 years at 25ºC.
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