OPERATING MANUAL Analog Programmable DC POWER SUPPLIES Agilent Technologies Series 654xA, 655xA, 657xA SERIAL NUMBERS AGILENT Model 6541A;3215A-00108 and Above* AGILENT Model 6542A;3221A-00113 and Above* AGILENT Model 6543A;3218A-00113 and Above* AGILENT Model 6544A;3219A-00113 and Above* AGILENT Model 6545A;3215A-00108 and Above* AGILENT Model 6551A;3207A-00103 and Above* AGILENT Model 6552A;3203A-00103 and Above* AGILENT Model 6553A;3202A-00103 and Above* AGILENT Model 6554A;3205A-00103 and Above* AGILEN
CERTIFICATION Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Bureau of Standards, to the extent allowed by the Bureau’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
SAFETY SUMMARY The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this guide violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements. GENERAL. This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a protective earth terminal).
SAFETY SYMBOL DEFINITIONS Symbol Description Alternating current Description Terminal for Line conductor on permanently installed equipment Caution, risk of electric shock Both direct and alternating current Caution, hot surface Three-phase alternating current Caution (refer to accompanying documents) Earth (ground) terminal In position of a bi-stable push control Protective earth (ground) terminal Out position of a bi-stable push control Frame or chassis terminal On (supply) Terminal for Neut
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY according to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Technologies Manufacturer’s Address: 140 Green Pond Road Rockaway, New Jersey 07866 U.S.A.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY according to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Technologies Manufacturer’s Address: 140 Green Pond Road Rockaway, New Jersey 07866 U.S.A.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY according to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 Agilent Technologies Manufacturer’s Name: Manufacturer’s Address: 140 Green Pond Road Rockaway, New Jersey 07866 U.S.A.
Table of Contents 1. General Information Introduction ................................................................................................................................................11 Safety Considerations.................................................................................................................................11 Instrument Identification ............................................................................................................................
Table of Contents (continued) Wire Size Selection .................................................................................................................................41 Output Isolation.......................................................................................................................................42 Load Considerations...................................................................................................................................43 Capacitive Loads ......
Table of Contents (continued) A. Calibration Introduction ................................................................................................................................................63 Equipment ..................................................................................................................................................63 General Procedure .................................................................................................................................
1 General Information Introduction This is the operating manual for your Agilent Series 654xA, 655xA, and 657xA power supplies. Unless otherwise stated, the information in this manual applies to all models in the series. These supplies are the analog-programmable counterparts of the Agilent Series 664xA, 665xA, and 667xA GPIB System power supplies. Safety Considerations This power supply is a Safety Class 1 instrument, which means it has a protective earth terminal.
List of Options (continued) Description Option 844 Used with Agilent Series Power cord, 10 AWG, UL listed, CSA certified, with NEMA L6-30P 30A/250V locking plug Rack mount kit (Agilent 5062-3974) Rack mount kit (Agilent 5062-3977) Rack mount kit with handles (Agilent 5062-3975) Rack mount kit with handles (Agilent 5062-3983) Service Manual with extra operating manual 908 909 910 X X X X X X X X X X Accessories Agilent No.
The front panel has both rotary (RPG) and keypad controls for setting the output voltage and current. The panel display provides digital readouts of the output voltage and current. Other front panel controls permit: • • • • • Enabling or disabling the output. Setting the overvoltage protection (OVP) trip voltage. Enabling or disabling the overcurrent protection (OCP) feature. Saving and recalling operating states. Calibrating the power supply.
Table 1-1a. Performance Specifications for Series 654xA and 655xA (Note 1) Parameter Agilent Model Number and Parameter Value Specifications are warranted over the temperature range 0 to 55° C with a resistive load and the output connected for local sensing. Output Ratings Voltage: 6541A/6551A 6542A/6552A 6543A/6553A 6544A/6554A 6545A/6555A 0-8V 0 - 20 V 0 - 35 V 0 - 60 V 0 - 120 V Current:* 6541A 6542A 6543A 6544A 6545A 0 - 20 A 0 - 10 A 0-6A 0 - 3.5 A 0 - 1.
Table 1-1a. Performance Specifications for Series 654xA and 655xA (continued) Parameter Agilent Model Number and Parameter Value Transient Response Time < 100 µs for the output voltage to recover to its previous level (within 0.1% of the rated voltage or 20 mV, whichever is greater) following any step change in load current up to 50% of the rated current.
Table 1-1b. Supplemental Characteristics for Series 654xA and 655xA (continued) Parameter Agilent Model Number and Parameter Value Drift Temperature Stability (following a 30-minute warmup, change in output over 8 hours under constant line, load, and ambient temperature) Voltage: 6541A/6551A 6551A 6542A/6552A 0.02% +1 mV 6542A 0.02% +6 mA 6552A 0.02% +40 mA 0.02% +15 mA 0.02% +0.4 mV Current: 6541A 0.02% +16 mA 6543A/6553A 0.02% +2 mV 6543A 0.02% +3 mA 6553A 0.02% +8 mA 6544A/6554A 0.
Table 1-1b. Supplemental Characteristics for Series 654xA and 655xA (continued) Parameter Agilent Model Number and Parameter Value With AC input power applied and the dc output reverse biased by an external dc source, Maximum Reverse Bias Current: the supply will continuously withstand without damage a current equal to its output current rating. Remote Sensing Capability Voltage Drop Per Lead: Up to 1/2 of rated output voltage.
Table 1-1b. Supplemental Characteristics for Series 654xA and 655xA (continued) Parameter Agilent Model Number and Parameter Value Dimensions Series 655xA Series 654xA 425.5 mm (16.75 in) 425.5 mm (16.75 in) Width: 132.6 mm (5.22 in) Height: 88.1 mm (3.5 in) Depth: 497.8 mm (19.6 in) 439 mm (17.3 in) Weight Net: Shipping: Output Characteristic Curve: 18 General Information Series 654xA 14.2 kg (31.4 lb) 16.
Table 1-1b.
Table 1-1b.
1 Table 1-2a. Performance Specifications for Series 657xA Agilent Agilent Parameter Agilent 6572A Agilent 6573A Agilent 6574A 6571A 6575A Specifications are warranted over the temperature range 0 to 55° C with a resistive load and the output connected for local sensing. Output Ratings 0-8V 0 - 20 V 0- 35 V 0 - 60 V 0 - 120 V Voltage: 0 - 220 A 0 - 100 A 0 - 60 A 0 - 35 A 0 - 18 A Current: Front Panel Programming Accuracy (@ 25° C ± 5 °C) Voltage: Current: 0.04% +8 mV 0.l1 % +125 mA 0.04% +20 mV 0.
Table 1-2b. Supplemental Characteristics for Series 665xA (Note 1) Agilent Agilent Parameter Agilent 6572A Agilent 6574A 6571A 6573A Output Programming Range (maximum programmable values) 8.190 V 20.475 V 35.831 V 61.425 V Voltage: 10.0 V 24.0 V 42.0 V 72.0 V Overvoltage Protection (OVP): 225.23 A 102.37 A 61.43 A 35.83 A Current: Average Resolution 2 mV 5 mV 10 mV 15 mV Voltage: 55 mA 25 mA 15 mA 8.75 mA Current: 15 mV 35 mV 65 mV 100 mV OV Protection: Agilent 6575A 122.85 V 144.0 V 18.43 A 30 mV 4.
Table 1-2b. Supplemental Characteristics for Series 665xA (continued) Agilent Parameter Agilent 6572A Agilent 6573A Agilent 6574A Agilent 6575A 6571A Output is monotonic over entire rated voltage, current, and temperature range. Monotonicity: Up to 5 identical models. Auto-Parallel Configuration: Analog Programming (IP & VP) Input Signal* 0 to -4.72 V 0 to -4.24 V 0 to -4.25 V 0 to -4.24 V 0 to -3.97 V VP Input:** +IP/-IP Differential 0 to +7.97V 0 to +6.81 V 0 to +6.81 V 0 to +7.01 V 0 to +6.
Table 1-2b.
Table 1-3. Replaceable Parts List Description (Unless otherwise specified, parts apply to all models.
2 Installation Inspection Damage When you receive your power supply, inspect it for any obvious damage that may have occurred during shipment. If there is damage, notify the shipping carrier and the nearest Agilent Sales and Support office immediately. Warranty information is printed in the front of this guide. Save the shipping carton and packing materials in case the power supply must be returned to Agilent Technologies.
Temperature Performance A variable-speed fan cools the supply by drawing air through the sides and exhausting it out the back. Using Agilent rack mount or slides will not impede the flow of air. The temperature performance is as follows: Series 654xA/655xA Operates without loss of performance within the temperature range of 0 ºC to 40 ºC and with derated output from 40 °C to 55 °C. Series 657xA Operates without loss of performance within the temperature range of 0 °C to 55 °C.
Note The power source must be a dedicated line with no other devices drawing current from it. The line fuse is located inside the power supply. Table 1-4 identifies the replacement fuse. See "In Case of Trouble" in Chapter 3 for instructions on fuse replacement. Installing the Power Cord The power cord supplied with power supply may or may not include a power plug (see "Options" in Chapter 1) at one end of the cord. Terminating connections and a ground lug are attached to the other end of the cord.
3 Turn-On Checkout Note This chapter provides a preliminary introduction to the power supply front panel. See Chapter 5 for more details. Introduction Successful tests in this chapter provide a high degree of confidence that the power supply is operating properly. For complete performance and/or verification tests, refer to the service manual (see Table 1-4 in Chapter 1). Do not connect the power cord to the power source until told to do so .
POWER-ON Checkout 1. 2. 3. Connect the power cord to the power source. Turn the front panel power switch to ON (1). Check that the power supply fan is on by placing your hand near the rear grill to feel the air flow. You may also be able to hear the fan operating. The power supply undergoes a self-test when you turn it on. If the test is normal, the following sequence appears on the LCD: 1. 2. 3. A brief star-burst pattern PWR 0N INIT for a few seconds (Series 657xA supplies only).
Some power supplies have a high output current capacity. To prevent overheating or possible melting of the shorting wire, make sure it is of sufficient size to carry the supply’s maximum output current (see Table 4-2 in Chapter 4 for the appropriate wire size). Perform the steps in Table 3-2 to check the basic current functions with a short across the power supply output. The AMPS display will show various readings. Ignore the VOLTS display. Table 3-1.
Table 3-1. Checking the Voltage Functions (continued) *Maximum voltage values are for Agilent 6552A. See “Output Ratings” in “Performance Specifications” of Chapter 1 for your specific model. **Voltage increments are for Agilent 6552A. See “Average Resolution” in “Supplemental Characteristics” of Chapter 1 for your specific model. ***OV voltage is for Agilent 6552A. See “Output Programming Range” in “Supplemental Characteristics” of Chapter 1 for your specific model. **** key is the unlabeled blue key.
Press Table 3-2. Checking the Current Functions (continued) Dis annunciator goes off and the CC annunciator comes on. AMPS shows some current. Press Press 25.000 **AMPS increases to maximum output. Dis annunciator comes on and AMPS reading drops to near zero. Turn off the power supply and remove the short from the output terminals. * Current increments are for Agilent 6552A. See "Average Resolution” in "Supplemental Characteristics of Chapter 1 for your specific model.
Series 657xA Supplies Hazardous voltage can remain inside the power supply even after it has been turned off. Fuse replacement should be done only by qualified electronics personnel. The line fuse is located inside the power supply. To change it, proceed as follows: I. Turn off the front panel power switch and unplug the line cord from the power source. II. Remove the power supply dustcover as follows: A. Remove the four screws securing the carrying straps and dustcover. B.
Selftest Errors When a selftest error occurs, it prevents all front panel operation. The display may show either a power-on error message or a checksum error message. Power-on Error Messages. Power-on messages appear as: En- - - - - Where “n” is a number listed in Table 3-3. If this occurs, turn the power off and then back on to see if the error persists. It is possible to recover from the EE CHKSUM error (see "Checksum Errors"). If any other message persists, the power supply requires service.
4. 5. Save any operating state (for example, press Turn the power off and then back on. A normal display free of error messages should appear. If not, the power supply requires service. Runtime Error Messages Under unusual operating conditions, the V0LT or AMPS display may show +OL or -OL. This indicates that the output voltage or current is beyond the range of the meter readback circuit. Table 3-4 shows other error messages that may appear at runtime.
4 User Connections and Considerations Rear Panel Connections Shock Hazard Disconnect ac power before making rear panel connections. Application connections are made to the output terminals and analog connector. The connections are the same for Series 654xA and 655xA supplies and similar for the Series 657xA supplies. Unless otherwise specified, instructions in this chapter apply to all models. Output Connectors The + and - load connections are made at the rear panel.
Figure 4-1. Series 654xA and 655xA Rear Panel Connections Figure 4-2. Series 657xA Rear Panel Connections The connector accepts wire sizes from AWG 22 to AWG 12. The purpose of each analog pin is described in Table 4 -1. Note In addition to specific wiring instructions given in this chapter, it is good engineering practice to twist and shield all signal wires to and from the analog connector.
Table 4-1. Analog Connector Functions Function Series 654xA and 655xA Current programming Input. Allows an external voltage source to program CC (constant current) mode. CC is programmed with a 0 to -5 V signal that produces proportional output current from zero to full scale. The IP input is also used for auto-parallel operation as described later in this chapter. Series 657xA ±IP Differential Current Programming Input. Allows an external voltage source to program CC (constant current) mode.
. Figure 4-3. Analog Connector Table 4-2. Stranded Copper Wire Ampere Capacity and Resistance Ampacity Resistance AWG Area Ampacity AWG Area 2 2 No. (mm ) No. (mm ) (Ω/m) 18 0.82 15.4 0.0210 8 8.37 75 16 1.31 19.4 0.0131 6 13.3 100 14 2.08 31.2 0.0082 4 21.1 135 12 3.31 40.0 0.0052 2 33.2 180 10 5.26 55.0 0.0033 1/0 53.0 245 Note: 1. AWG wire rating derived from MIL-W-5088B. 2. Ampacity of aluminum wire is approximately 84% that of copper wire. 3.
Load Considerations Capacitive Loads In most cases, the power supply will continue to be stable with additional external load capacitors (see the following table for Series 654xA/665xA recommendations). However, large load capacitors may cause ringing in the supply’s transient response. It is possible that certain combinations of load capacitance, equivalent series resistance, and load lead inductance will result in instability.
Multiple Loads When connecting multiple loads to the power supply using local sensing, use separate wires to connect each load to the output terminals (see Figure 4-4). This minimizes mutual coupling effects and takes full advantage of the power supply’s low output impedance. Each pair of wires should be as short as possible and twisted or bundled to reduce lead inductance and noise pickup.
Remote Voltage Sensing The dashed lines in Figure 4-4 illustrate a typical power supply setup using remote voltage sensing. In this case, the remote sense terminals of the power supply are connected directly to the load rather than to the output terminals. This allows the supply to automatically compensate for the voltage drop in the load leads as well as to accurately read back the voltage directly across the load.
Output Noise Any noise picked up on the sense leads also appears at the output of the power supply and may adversely affect the load voltage regulation. Be sure to twist the sense leads to minimize external noise pickup and route them parallel and close to the load leads. In noisy environments, it may be necessary to shield the sense leads. Ground the shield only at the power supply.
Operating Considerations Auto-Parallel Operation Auto-Parallel Wiring Figure 4-6 illustrates how power supplies can be connected in auto-parallel for increased current output. You can connect supplies of the same model in auto-parallel as follows: • • Series 654xA or 655xA - up to three supplies. Series 657xA - up to five supplies.
General Auto-Parallel Programming Program only the first (“master”) supply in the series; the “slave” supplies automatically track the master's output. However, the voltage and OVP settings of the slave supplies must be set higher than the operating voltage of the master supply. This ensures that the slave supplies will operate in CC mode. Series 654xA and 655xA Auto-Parallel Programming Follow the following operating precautions if you are connecting three of these models in auto-parallel.
Series Operation Floating voltages must not exceed 240 Vdc. No output terminal may be more than 240 V from chassis ground. Figure 4-8 shows how power supplies can be connected in series for higher voltage output. Series connections are straightforward in this case. Program each power supply independently. If two supplies are used in the series configuration, program each supply for 50% of the total output voltage. Set the current limit of each supply to the maximum that the load can handle without damage.
Figure 4-9. External Voltage Programming If you cannot avoid capacitive coupling, it may help to place capacitors from the unused programming inputs to ground. Especially with auto-parallel operation, connecting a capacitor (≥4,000 pF) from VP to P Common on the master supply will ensure proper operation. Also with auto-parallel operation, do not allow more than about 500 pF capacitive loading between IM and Common P. Programming Considerations.
Programming Series 657xA Supplies Wiring Considerations. The input impedance of the analog input is over 30 kΩ. If the output impedance of your programming source is not negligible with this, programming errors will result. Larger output impedances result in proportionally greater errors. Note from Figure 4-3 that you have three options for programming the current. You can use a voltage source that is positive, negative, or floating with respect to Common P. Do not exceed ±19 V with respect to Common P.
5 Front Panel Operation Introduction This chapter shows you how to operate the front panel. It is assumed that you are familiar with the turn-on checkout procedure in Chapter 3. That chapter describes how to perform basic power supply functions from the control panel. Operations that you can perform are: • • • • • • • Enabling or disabling the power supply output. Setting the output voltage and current. Monitoring the output voltage and current. Setting the overvoltage protection (OVP) trip point.
Table 5-1. Front Panel Controls and Indicators Function or Indication Control or Indicator VOLTS AMPS CV CC Unr Dis OCP Prot Err Cal Shift Rmt Addr SRQ 1 1 Display Shows present output voltage of the power supply. Shows present output current of the power supply. Status Annunciators The power supply is in constant-voltage mode. The power supply is in constant-current mode. The power supply output is unregulated (output is neither CV or CC). The power supply output is disabled.
Control or Indicator Table 5-1. Front Panel Controls and Indicators (continued) Function or Indication 4 Function Keys Press to enable or disable the power supply output. This key toggles between the two states. The disabled state programs the output to very low voltage and current settings. Press to display the output voltage setting. After pressing , you may use the ENTRY keys to change the value. Press to display the output current setting.
Figure 5-1. Front Panel Controls and Indicators Programming The Output Introduction Important These instructions show how to program a single power supply. There are special considerations when you have two or more supplies connected in series or in auto-parallel. See “Chapter 4 - User Connections and Considerations”. The power supply accepts values directly in volts and amperes.
Figure 5-2. Typical Power Supply Operating Curve Programming Voltage To program the output for 4.5 volts, proceed as follows: ■ ■ ■ Press . The display will change from meter mode to indicate VOLTS. . If you discover a mistake before pressing , erase the incorrect value with the backspace Press key . The display will return to the meter mode and indicate 4.5000 volts. Note The power supply must be programmed for a minimal current in order to increase the output voltage beyond zero.
■ ■ . If you discover a mistake before pressing , erase the incorrect value with the backspace Press key . The display will return to the meter mode and indicate up to 1.3000 amperes, depending upon the load. Now raise the current by pressing (or rotating the Current control clockwise). Note that the current increases by a specific increment (depending on the current resolution) each time you press the key and increases rapidly as you hold rotate the Current control counterclockwise. down the key.
Clearing the OVP Condition With the OVP tripped, return to the meter mode and try to clear the condition by pressing . Nothing will appear to happen because the CV trip point is still below the programmed output voltage. Thus, as soon as the circuit is cleared, it trips again. You can clear the OV condition by: • lowering the output voltage below 11.5 (the OV setting), • or by raising the OV trip voltage above the output voltage setting. Try either of these methods.
Note Under certain conditions, the OCP circuit may fail to clear because load demand occurs before the power supply has time to build up the required output current capacity. In such cases, disable the output (press )before clearing the OCP circuit. After OCP is cleared, enable the power supply output. Unregulated Operation If the power supply goes into a mode of operation that is neither CV nor CC, the Unr annunciator will come on.
2. 3. 4. 5. Store that state to location 0. Turn off the power supply. Hold in the key and turn the power supply back on. The display indicates RCL O PWR-ON to verify that the power supply has configured its turn-on state to that stored in location 0. From now on the supply will always turn on to the state defined in location 0. Whenever you wish, you can return the power supply to the original factory reset state. To do this, simply hold down the key when you turn on the supply.
A Calibration Introduction The power supply may be calibrated from the front panel. The procedures given here apply to all models. Important These instructions do not include verification procedures. If you require verification as part of your calibration procedure, refer to the appropriate service manual (see Table 1 -3 in Chapter 1). Equipment The equipment listed in Table A-1, or equivalent, is required for calibration. Table A-1.
Equipment Connections For voltage calibration: • • • Disconnect all loads from the power supply. Connect the supply for local sensing (see Figure 4-1 or Figure 4-2). Connect a DVM across the output terminals. For current calibration: • • • Disconnect all loads from the power supply. Connect the appropriate shunt resistor across the output terminals (see Table A-1). Connect a DVM across the sense termina1s of the shunt resistor.
Table A-2. Typical Calibration Procedure Action Enabling the Calibration Mode 1. Begin calibration by pressing . 2. Enter calibration password from Entry keypad. If password is correct the Cal annunciator will come on. If password is incorrect, an error occurs. 2 Note: The initial (factory-default) password is the model number of the power supply, but it can be changed (see “Changing the Password”).
Disabling the Calibration Mode . The display will return to the meter mode with the Cal annunciator off. To disable the calibration mode, press If you shut off the power supply with calibration enabled, it will be disabled when you turn it back on. Calibration Error Messages The following error messages may appear during calibration: CAL ERR0R D0ES N0T CAL PASSWD ERROR WR0NG M0DE 66 Calibration Table A-3. Calibration Error Messages An entered value is not within acceptable range.
B Line Voltage Conversion Series 654xA and 655xA Power Supplies Hazardous voltage can remain inside the power supply even after it has been turned off. This procedure should be done only by qualified electronics personnel. Provisions for converting the operating line voltage are provided inside the power supply. These provisions are: • • Series 654xA supplies: voltage select switches. Series 655xA supplies: voltage select jumpers.
Figure B-2. Series 655xA Line Select Jumpers Series 657xA Power Supplies Hazardous voltage can remain inside the power supply even after it has been turned off. This procedure should be done only by qualified electronics personnel. Provisions for converting the operating line voltage are provided inside the power supply. . These provisions are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Turn off the ac power and disconnect the power cord from the power source.
Index A airflow..........................................................................................................................................................................27 ampere capacity ...........................................................................................................................................................42 analog connector .....................................................................................................................................
D default state (see factory-reset state) downprogramming...........................................................................................................................................13, 50, 56 E EEPROM.....................................................................................................................................................................37 key ............................................................................................................................
IP input ..................................................................................................................................................................41, 50 ±IP differential input....................................................................................................................................................41 isolation .......................................................................................................................................................
key............................................................................................................................................34, 55, 60 OV ............................................................................................................................................................12, 33, 55, 58 overcurrent protection (see OCP) overvoltage protection (see OVP) key ..................................................................................................................
S ±S inputs....................................................................................................................................................31, 41, 44, 45 safety class...................................................................................................................................................................11 safety compliance ..............................................................................................................................................
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Manual Updates The following updates have been made to this manual since the print revision indicated on the title page. 4/01/00 All references to HP have been changed to Agilent. All references to HP-IB have been changed to GPIB.
