User`s guide

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Table Of Contents

Title Page
- Notices
Contents
Getting Started
- Introduction
- Documentation Map
- Additional Documentation
- System Overview
Introduction and Measurement
- Introducing the GUI
- Designing to Meet Your Needs
  - Beginning
- E5505A Operation: A Guided Tour
  - Required equipment
  - How to begin
- Powering the System On
  - To power on a racked system
  - To power on a benchtop system
- Starting the Measurement Software
- Performing a Confidence Test
- Powering the System Off
Phase Noise Basics
- What is Phase Noise?
  - Phase terms
    - Spurious signals
    - Phase noise
Expanding Your Measurement Experience
- Starting the Measurement Software
- Using the Asset Manager
  - Configuring an asset
- Using the Server Hardware Connections to Specify the Source
- Setting GPIB Addresses
  - To change the GPIB address
- Testing the 8663A Internal/External 10 MHz
- Testing the 8644B Internal/External 10 MHz
- Viewing Markers
- Omitting Spurs
- Displaying the Parameter Summary
- Exporting Measurement Results
Absolute Measurement Fundamentals
- The Phase-Lock-Loop Technique
  - Understanding the Phase-Lock-Loop Technique
  - The Phase-Lock-Loop Circuit
- What Sets the Measurement Noise Floor?
  - The System Noise Floor
  - The Noise Level of the Reference Source
- Selecting a Reference
- Estimating the Tuning Constant
- Tracking Frequency Drift
  - Evaluating beatnote drift
    - Action
- Changing the PTR
  - The Tuning Qualifications
    - Voltage controlled oscillators
    - Signal generators
- Minimizing Injection Locking
  - Adding Isolation
  - Increasing the PLL Bandwidth
- Inserting a Device
  - An attenuator
  - An amplifier
- Evaluating Noise Above the Small Angle Line
  - Determining the Phase-Lock-Loop bandwidth
    - Observing the beatnote
    - Measurement options
Absolute Measurement Examples
- Stable RF Oscillator
- Free-Running RF Oscillator
- RF Synthesizer Using DCFM
- RF Synthesizer Using EFC
- Microwave Source
Residual Measurement Fundamentals
- What is Residual Noise?
  - The noise mechanisms
    - Additive noise
    - Multiplicative noise
- Assumptions about Residual Phase Noise Measurements
  - Frequency translation devices
- Calibrating the Measurement
- Measurement Difficulties
  - System connections
Residual Measurement Examples
- Amplifier Measurement Example
FM Discriminator Fundamentals
- The Frequency Discriminator Method
  - Basic theory
  - The discriminator transfer response
    - System sensitivity
    - Optimum sensitivity
FM Discriminator Measurement Examples
- Introduction
- FM Discriminator Measurement using Double-Sided Spur Calibration
- Discriminator Measurement using FM Rate and Deviation Calibration
AM Noise Measurement Fundamentals
- AM-Noise Measurement Theory of Operation
  - Basic noise measurement
  - Phase noise measurement
- Amplitude Noise Measurement
  - AM noise measurement block diagrams
  - AM detector
    - AM detector specifications
    - AM detector considerations
- Calibration and Measurement General Guidelines
- Method 1: User Entry of Phase Detector Constant
  - Method 1, example 1
  - Method 1, example 2
- Method 2: Double-Sided Spur
  - Method 2, example 1
  - Method 2, example 2
- Method 3: Single-Sided Spur
AM Noise Measurement Examples
- AM Noise with N5500A Option 001
Baseband Noise Measurement Examples
- Baseband Noise with Test Set Measurement Example
- Baseband Noise without Test Set Measurement Example
Evaluating Your Measurement Results
- Evaluating the Results
  - Looking for obvious problems
  - Comparing against expected data
    - The device under test
    - The reference source
- Gathering More Data
  - Repeating the measurement
  - Doing more research
- Outputting the Results
  - Using a printer
- Graph of Results
  - Marker
- Omit Spurs
  - Parameter summary
- Problem Solving
Advanced Software Features
- Introduction
- Phase-Lock-Loop Suppression
  - PLL suppression parameters
- Ignore-Out-Of-Lock Mode
- PLL Suppression Verification Process
- Blanking Frequency and Amplitude Information on the Phase Noise Graph
  - Security level procedure
Reference Graphs and Tables
- Approximate System Noise Floor vs. R Port Signal Level
- Phase Noise Floor and Region of Validity
- Phase Noise Level of Various Agilent Sources
- Increase in Measured Noise as Ref Source Approaches DUT Noise
- Approximate Sensitivity of Delay Line Discriminator
- AM Calibration
- Voltage Controlled Source Tuning Requirements
- Tune Range of VCO for Center Voltage
- Peak Tuning Range Required by Noise Level
- Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth vs. Peak Tuning Range
- Noise Floor Limits Due to Peak Tuning Range
- Tuning Characteristics of Various VCO Source Options
- 8643A Frequency Limits
- 8644B Frequency Limits
- 8664A Frequency Limits
- 8665A Frequency Limits
- 8665B Frequency Limits
System Specifications
- Specifications
- Power Requirements
System Interconnections
- Making Connections
- System Connectors
- System Cables
- Connecting Instruments
PC Components Installation
- Overview
PC Digitizer Performance Verification
- Verifying PC Digitizer Card Output Performance
  - Required equipment
- PC Digitizer Card Input Performance Verification
  - Required equipment
Preventive Maintenance
- Using, Inspecting, and Cleaning RF Connectors
- General Procedures and Techniques
  - Connector Removal
- Instrument Removal
- Instrument Installation
Service, Support, and Safety Information
- Safety and Regulatory Information
- Service and Support
  - Agilent on the Web
- Return Procedure
  - Determining your instrument’s serial number
  - Shipping the instrument

374 Agilent E5505A User’s Guide

Reference Graphs and Tables

8643A Frequency Limits

8643A mode keys

• The [Mode 1] key provides the maximum FM deviation and minimum RF

output switching time. Noise level is highest in this mode, as shown in

Table 57 on page 375.

• The [Mode 2] key provides a median range of FM deviation and RF output

switching time, as shown in Table 57 on page 375. The 8643A defaults to

Mode 2 operation.

Table 56 8643A frequency limits

Note: Special Function 120 must be enabled for DCFM Minimum Recommended PTR (Peak Tune Range)

PTR =FM Deviation x VTR

1 Takes into account limited tuning resolution available in linear FM (Special Function 120, refer to “How to access special functions" on

page 375.

Model

Number

Option Band Minimum

(MHz)

Band Maximum (MHz) Mode 2

he 8643A defaults to Mode 2 operation.

Mode 1

3 Wideband FM: Use Special Function 125 (refer to “How to access special functions" on page 375.

8643A 002 1030 2060 2000000 20000000

8643A 002 515 1029.99999999 1000000 10000000

8643A Standard 515 1030 1000000 10000000

8643A Both 257.5 514.99999999 500000 5000000

8643A Both 128.75 257.49999999 250000 2500000

8643A Both 64.375 128.74999999 125000 1250000

8643A Both 32.1875 64.37499999 62500 625000

8643A Both 16.09375 32.18749999 31200 312000

8643A Both 8.046875 16.09374999 15600 156000

8643A Both 4.0234375 8.04687499 7810 78100

8643A Both 2.01171875 4.02343749 3900 39000

8643A Both 1.005859375 2.01171874 1950 19500

8643A Both 0.5029296875 1.005859365 976 9760

8643A Both 0.25146484375 0.5029296775 488 4880