Safety Summary When you notice any of the unusual conditions listed below, immediately terminate operation and disconnect the power cable. Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales representative or authorized service company for repair of the instrument. If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument, there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator. n Instrument operates abnormally. n Instrument emits abnormal noise, smell, smoke or a spark-like light during the operation.
Caution Do not exceed the operating input power, voltage, and current level and signal type appropriate for the instrument being used, refer to your instrument's Function Reference. Electrostatic discharge(ESD) can damage the highly sensitive microcircuits in your instrument. ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test fixtures are being connected or disconnected. Protect them from ESD damage by wearing a grounding strap that provides a high resistance path to ground.
Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer Operation Manual Seventh Edition FIRMWARE REVISIONS This manual applies directly to instruments that have the firmware revision 1.1x. For additional information about firmware revisions, see Appendix A. Part No.
Notices The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of Agilent Technologies. Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
Safety Summary The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific WARNINGS elsewhere in this manual may impair the protection provided by the equipment. Such noncompliance would also violate safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. The Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Warnings, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed. WARNING Dangerous voltage levels, capable of causing death, are present in this instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, or adjusting this instrument. Safety Symbols General definitions of safety symbols used on the instrument or in manuals are listed below.
Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution’s calibration facility or by the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Exclusive Remedies The remedies provided herein are Buyer’s sole and exclusive remedies. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory. Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products. For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office.
• Programming Manual (Agilent P/N: 04294-900x1) The Programming Manual shows how to write and use BASIC program to control the Agilent 4294A and describes how HP Instrument BASIC works with the analyzer. • HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook (Agilent P/N: E2083-90005) The HP Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook introduces you to the HP Instrument BASIC programming language, provides some helpful hints on getting the most use from it, and includes a general programming reference.
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Contents 1. Installation Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Precautions to Take Before Setting Up the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Setting Up and Replacing the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Power Source Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 2. MEASUREMENT Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. STIMULUS Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. ENTRY Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. MARKER Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Selecting Accessories for Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Connecting the Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Adapter Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Adapter Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Setting the Horizontal Axis of the Graph for the List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting measurement bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Averaging between sweeps (sweep-to-sweep averaging) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Monitoring the Test Signal Level on a Real-time Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Using the Marker Feature to Determine the Test Signal Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Monitoring the dc Bias Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Monitoring the dc Bias Level on a Real-time Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Simulate the frequency characteristics based on the equivalent circuit parameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Set the limit line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Performing the Internal Tests in a Batch Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Checking the Result of Each Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 10.
Contents Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. Installation 1 Installation This chapter contains installation and setup instructions for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer. For information on connecting test accessories such as a test fixture, adapter, probe, or measurement cable, refer to Chapter 4 , “Preparation of Measurement Accessories.
Installation Incoming Inspection Incoming Inspection WARNING To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not turn on the Agilent 4294A if there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer enclosure (for example, covers, panel, or display). Check the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the Agilent 4294A has been checked mechanically and electrically.
1. The number of “x” in the part number of each manual or sample program disk, 0 for the first edition, is incremented by 1 each time a revision is made. The latest edition comes with the product. 2. Not supplied unless the product is purchased with Option ABA. 3. The CD-ROM contains the same information as in the Operation Manual, Programming Manual and Sample Program Disk. 4. Not supplied unless the product is purchased with Option 0BW. 5.
Installation Precautions to Take Before Setting Up the Power Supply Precautions to Take Before Setting Up the Power Supply Before supplying electrical power to the Agilent 4294A, make sure that the correct fuse is selected. Be sure to use a power source that meets the specifications listed later in this section.
Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards, the Agilent 4294A uses a three-wire power cable. When connected to an appropriate ac power outlet, this cable grounds the instrument frame through one of the three wires. The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination. Refer to Figure 1-2 for the part numbers of the power cables available. WARNING For protection against electrical shock, the power cable grounding prong must not be removed.
Installation Power Cable Figure 1-2 Alternative Power Cable Options 22 Chapter 1
Connecting the BNC Adapter (for Option 1D5 Only) When Option 1D5 is installed, connect the BNC cable that comes with this option between the REF OVEN and EXT REF INPUT connectors on the rear panel of the Agilent 4294A. Option 1D5 makes the frequency of the Agilent 4294A’s test signal both more stable and more accurate. Figure 1-3 Connecting the BNC Adapter (for Option 1D5 Only) Chapter 1 23 1.
Installation Using the LAN Port Using the LAN Port You can connect the Agilent 4294A to a local area network by using the RJ-45J UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) LAN connector provided on the rear panel. Step 1. To connect the 4294A to a LAN, securely insert the LAN cable into the LAN port. Step 2. For the 4294A to communicate over a LAN, you must set up the network connection as described in the section “Using LAN” in the “Programming Manual.
Connecting the Keyboard1 Step 1. Insert the cable of the Mini-DIN keyboard into the keyboard connector on the rear panel. Step 2. Set the keyboard in a comfortable position. NOTE Do not put anything on the keyboard. Doing so can cause an error during the power-on self-test. Figure 1-5 Connecting the Supplied Keyboard 1. The Agilent 4294A comes with a keyboard if it is purchased with Option 810 (with keyboard). Chapter 1 25 1.
Installation Using a Rackmount Kit Using a Rackmount Kit If you want to combine the Agilent 4294A with other instruments and a controller to assemble a comprehensive measuring system, you can use one of the optional rackmount/handle kits to install it in an efficient way. Figure 1-6 shows how to install the rackmount kit.
Step 3. Attach the trim strips (4) to the handles. Option 1CM Rackmount Kit Option 1CM includes a pair of flanges and the parts necessary for attaching them to the Agilent 4294A. With this option, you can mount the 4294A on an equipment rack with 482.6 mm (19 inch) horizontal spacing. Mounting the Agilent 4294A on a Rack Step 1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips (1) from the left and right side faces of the front panel frame (Figure 1-6 on page 26). Step 2.
Installation Environmental Requirements Environmental Requirements The Agilent 4294A is designed to operate under the following environmental conditions (with the floppy disk drive operational). For more information, refer to Chapter 10 , “Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics,” on page 323. NOTE Temperature: 10°C to 40°C Humidity: 15% to 80% (relative humidity) The Agilent 4294A must be protected from temperature extremes that could cause condensation within the instrument.
2. Learning Operation Basics 2 Learning Operation Basics This chapter guides you through a tour of the basic measurement functions of the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer. If you are new to the Agilent 4294A, this tutorial should help you get familiar with the instrument.
Learning Operation Basics Required Equipment Required Equipment To perform all of the steps in this tour, you must have the following equipment: Figure 2-1 • Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer (1 unit) • 16047E Text Fixture for Lead Components (1 piece) • DUT: Capacitor with lead wires having self-resonance frequency of 100 MHz or lower, such as a 0.
Learning Operation Basics Preparing for a Measurement Preparing for a Measurement Prepare the Agilent 4294A for measurement by taking the following steps. This procedure assumes that the Agilent 4294A has been correctly installed and set up as described in Chapter 1 , “Installation,” on page 17. Connect the Agilent 4294A to the Agilent 16047E Test Fixture for Lead Components. Step 1.
Learning Operation Basics Preparing for a Measurement Turn ON the Power Press the power switch to turn on the power to the Agilent 4294A. The Agilent 4294A performs a power-on self-test. During the self-test, the model name, firmware revision number/date, options, copyright notice, and other information appear on the LCD. When the self-test is completed, the measurement screen appears on the LCD.
Learning Operation Basics Specifying Measurement Conditions Specifying Measurement Conditions Next, you need to specify how your Agilent 4294A should perform measurement. NOTE Initialize the Agilent 4294A to the Preset State Press the [Preset] key to initialize the Agilent 4294A. This puts the Agilent 4294A into its preset state.
Learning Operation Basics Specifying Measurement Conditions Step 2. Press the LOG key to select Log (logarithmic) sweep. Set the Sweep Start Value to 100 Hz Step 1. Press the [Start] key. The current setting of the sweep start value appears in the Parameter Setting field in the upper-left area of the screen. Step 2. Type “100” into the Parameter Setting field using these ENTRY block keys: [1][0][0]. Step 3. Specify that the value does not take any unit by pressing the [´1] key in the ENTRY block.
Learning Operation Basics Fixture Compensation Fixture Compensation Next, you need to eliminate errors produced between the test fixture and the Agilent 4294A. This process is called “fixture compensation.” You can perform the process using three compensation functions: OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD. 2. Learning Operation Basics NOTE All calibration settings, including those established through fixture compensation, are applied to both Traces A and B.
Learning Operation Basics Fixture Compensation Figure 2-3 Setting Up the Test Circuit for SHORT Compensation Step 2. Press the SHORT key to measure the SHORT compensation data. While the instrument is measuring the compensation data, a message “WAIT--MEASURING STANDARD” is displayed in the Parameter Setting field in the upper-left area of the screen. Upon completion of measurement, the SHORT on OFF softkey label changes to SHORT ON off, indicating that the SHORT compensation function is turned on. Step 3.
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Connect the DUT 2. Learning Operation Basics Step 1. Increase the distance between the HIGH and LOW electrodes of the Agilent 16047E by turning their fastening screws counterclockwise. Step 2. Fit the DUT's lead wires between the HIGH and LOW electrodes. Step 3. Turn the fastening screws of the HIGH and LOW electrodes to secure the DUT's lead wires.
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-5 Measurement results displayed just after connecting the DUT Apply the Logarithmic Format to the Vertical Axis for |Z| Step 1. Make sure that Trace A is selected as the active trace (Trace A is active by default in the preset state). Step 2. Press the [Format] key to display the Display Format menu. Step 3. Press the LOG key to make the graph's vertical axis logarithmic.
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-6 Result of Applying the Logarithmic Format to the Graph 2. Learning Operation Basics Display the Measured |Z| and q Values in Parallel Step 1. Press the [Display] key to display the Display menu. Step 2. Press the SPLIT on OFF key to split the screen into upper and lower halves (the key label should change to SPLIT ON off).
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-7 Displaying Traces A and B in Parallel NOTE You do not need to check which trace is active when you split the screen because this setting is applied to both Traces A and B. Auto-scale the |Z| Trace Step 1. Press the [A] key to activate Trace A. Step 2. Press the [Scale Ref] key to display the Scale Reference menu. Step 3. Press the AUTO SCALE key to auto-scale the trace for |Z|. Auto-scale the q Trace Step 1.
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-8 Results of Auto-scaling 2.
Learning Operation Basics Results of Analysis Results of Analysis Determine the Self-resonance Frequency and Resonant Impedance Step 1. Press the [A] key to activate Trace A. Step 2. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. The main marker (a trace marker identified by number 0) appears in the center of the graph. Step 3. Press the SEARCH TRK on OFF key to turn on the search tracking function (the key label should change to SEARCH TRK ON off).
3. Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display 3 Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display This chapter covers the features of the front and rear panels of the Agilent 4294A. It contains illustrations and descriptions of the front panel features, the LCD display and its labels, and the rear panel connectors.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel Front Panel The front panel of the Agilent 4294A provides several blocks of hardkeys and an LCD display with a series of softkeys along its right-hand edge. Also, there are a number of test connectors and a power switch beneath the LCD display. Figure 3-1 shows the front panel of the Agilent 4294A.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel NOTE As a typographic convention to distinguish between hardkeys and softkeys, this manual uses a pair of brackets ([ ]) to enclose hardkey labels while showing softkey labels without enclosing them. [Hardkey] key Indicates a hardkey labeled “Hardkey.” Softkey key Indicates a softkey labeled “Softkey.” Note that descriptive text in this manual sometimes only indicates key labels without following them by the word “key.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel [Bw/Avg] key Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you configure the bandwidth and averaging settings. [Cal] key Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you set up the calibration feature. 3. STIMULUS Block This block provides keys for configuring the test signal parameters. [Sweep] key Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you configure the sweep settings for the test signals.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel [Back Space] key Deletes the character to the left of cursor and moves the cursor back one space. If you make a mistake in entering a value through numeric keys, you can use this key to correct your entry. [0] through [9] keys Use these keys to enter each numeral that makes up your entry. Finally, press a unit key to put your entered value into effect. (numeric keys) with [.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel measurement or analysis. [System] key Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you control and manage the entire instrument. You can also set up the limit line test function. [Local] key Pressing this key switches the Agilent 4294A from remote mode (in which it is controlled by an external controller) to local mode (in which it accepts keystrokes from its front panel). While the instrument is in remote mode, the “Rmt” LED above this key is lit.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel 10. UNKNOWN Terminals These connectors let you connect the instrument with a device under test (DUT) via test accessories (such as an adapter, test fixture, or cable). These accessories adopt a four-terminal pair design, thereby enabling more accurate and wider-range dynamic measurements. Each test connector has a pair of holes for securing the test accessory to the instrument.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Rear Panel Rear Panel Figure 3-2 Rear Panel 1. External Reference Input Connector Allows you to connect an external frequency reference signal to the Agilent 4294A so that its internal signal is phase locked to the external frequency reference signal to achieve a more accurate frequency. If Option 1D5 (High Stability Frequency Reference) is installed, connect the supplied BNC(m)-BNC(m) adapter between this connector and “2.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Rear Panel 3. External Trigger Input Allows you to input a TTL-compatible signal to trigger the execution of measurement. When the signal shows a rising or falling edge between the LOW and HIGH states, a measurement cycle is triggered. Before you can trigger measurement by inputting a signal through this connector, you have to specify that the trigger signal be input from an external trigger source (via the external trigger input).
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Rear Panel to use an unsupported keyboard. 10. 24-bit I/O Port Provides a data communications interface with an external device such as a handler on a production line. This port supports 8-bit data for input/output and 16-bit data for output. 11. Printer Port A parallel port that connects to a printer. Connecting a supported printer allows you to print out such data as measurement graphs and lists of measured values or settings.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Items Displayed on the LCD Figure 3-3 Items displayed on the LCD (with split display mode off and full-screen mode on) 3. Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display 1. Measurement Parameter Fields Each of these fields show the currently selected measurement parameters for either Trace A or B. 2. Scale/Reference Fields These fields show the current scale settings for Traces A and B. 3.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD 5. Softkey Label Area Shows the labels that are, in the current context, associated with the softkeys on the right-hand side. Table 3-1 lists the types of softkey options and their functions. Table 3-1 Types of softkey options and their functions Type of softkey option Function Two or more softkey labels joined with vertical bars (|) You can select one of these options. The currently selected softkey label is underlined.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Table 3-1 Types of softkey options and their functions Type of softkey option Function Softkey label for setting a parameter1 Pressing the corresponding softkey displays the function's current setting in the Parameter Setting field in the upper-left part of the screen and allows you to change the current setting with the Entry block keys (for example, [Bw/Avg] - AVERATING FACTOR).
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD completed. Peak Indicates that the marker facility is currently in search track mode and configured to detect the peak value. The main marker moves to the peak value on the trace each time one sweep cycle is completed. D marker mode DMkr Indicates that the marker facility is currently in default D marker mode. In this mode, the D marker keeps track of changes to the trace, maintaining the same position in terms of the sweep parameter value.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD on the dc bias monitor feature through the keystroke sequence [Display] - BIAS MON [ ] VOLT/CURRENT. 12. Sweep Stop/Span Value Field This field shows the sweep stop or span value that is currently in effect. Use the [Stop] key to set the sweep stop value and the [Span] key to set the sweep span value. 13. Test Signal Current Level Monitor Field This field shows the AC current level monitor value for the test signal that is currently in effect.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD V¯ Indicates that, because you specified dc voltage bias (in constant voltage mode) with a setting that exceeds the defined voltage limit, the actual applied voltage differs from the intended setting. I¯ Indicates that, because you specified dc current bias (in constant current mode) with a setting that exceeds the defined current limit, the actual applied current differs from the intended setting.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Fixture compensation status Fixture Compensation feature Correction point setting CMP ON Fixed Cmp ON User-defined (blank) (Unknown) Blank cells in the table indicate that the feature is off. NOTE The user correction and fixture compensation features share the same correction point settings. You cannot set correction points specific to a single feature. Averaging status Avg Indicates that the sweep-to-sweep averaging feature is on.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Service mode status Svc Indicates that the instrument is in service mode, which is intended for servicing use only. The accuracy of data measured in this mode is not guaranteed. For more information, refer to the “Service Manual.” (blank) Indicates that the instrument is ready for normal measurement use. Sweep/trigger status Hld Indicates that the sweep function is in Hold status (i.e., not enabled).
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD messages,” on page 429. 21. Title Field This field provides a place to enter a title (up to 64 alphanumeric characters) that describes the current screen. To enter the title, use the keystroke sequence [Display] - more 1/2 TITLE. 3.
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD 62 Chapter 3
4. Preparation of Measurement Accessories 4 Preparation of Measurement Accessories This chapter describes the required preparation of accessories after finishing installation of the Agilent 4294A and before starting measurements. If you have not completed installation, please refer to Chapter 1 , “Installation,” on page 17 before proceeding to this chapter.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Selecting Accessories for Measurement Selecting Accessories for Measurement Select the appropriate accessories (test fixture, adapter, probe, cable, etc.) for your measurement in accordance with Table 4-1. Detailed specifications are described in catalogs or in the operation manual of each accessory.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Selecting Accessories for Measurement Table 4-1 Type of Device Guidelines for Selecting Accessories Condition Accessory Features of Accessory Entire frequency range of 4294A, Component size ³ 0603 16034G Entire frequency range of 4294A, Component size ³ 1608 16034H Can measure array-type components. Entire frequency range of 4294A, Component size ³ 2012 42942A and 16191A Connected to the component’s bottom face.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Connecting the Accessories Connecting the Accessories Step 1. Connect the measurement accessories to the Agilent 4294A. Step 2. Press the power switch on the front panel of the Agilent 4294A to turn it on. For more information on connecting accessories to the Agilent 4294A for measurement, refer to the operation manual furnished with each accessory.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Adapter Setting You must ensure that the adapter setting is properly set after you finish connecting accessories to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A and before you start measurement. If required, change it to the correct adapter setting. The adapter setting includes adapter selection and the data acquisition process, which is called adapter setup. Table 4-2 lists the device connections and corresponding adapter settings.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Table 4-2 Device Connections and Adapter Settings Device Connection Accessory Adapter Setup (data measurement) (Ö: required; blank: not required) Adapter Selection Phase1 OPEN SHORT LOAD E. Connect the 42942A directly to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, connect a coaxial cable to the 7-mm port, connect a test fixture, and then connect the device to the fixture contacts.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting NOTE Softkey Label Adapter Selection Status ADAPTER [PROBE] 42941A Impedance Probe Adapter selection status can also be confirmed through the display of the instrument status area on the LCD's left side. Refer to “Adapter type” on page 58. Step 3. Press ADAPTER [ ] key to display the Adapter Setting Menu. Step 4.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting NOTE When you select “No Adapter” (NONE key) in adapter selection, adapter setup cannot be performed. Adapter setup data can be obtained and saved for each adapter selection. Adapter setting (adapter selection and adapter setup data) is not affected by turning on/off the Agilent 4294A or by pressing the [Preset] key to initialize the instrument settings.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting NOTE The 16048G or 16048H cable must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory like a cable or adapter is inserted between the 16048G or 16048H and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup. Step 2.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Figure 4-3 Connecting 100 W Resister (Load Data Measurement) Step 8. Press the LOAD [-] key to start the load data measurement. NOTE When the load data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to LOAD [DONE]. Step 9. Press the done key to start calculating the adapter setup data from the measured phase compensation and load data. The adapter setup data is automatically saved to the EEPROM (nonvolatile memory) in the Agilent 4294A.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Agilent 4294A. NOTE The 16334A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory such as a cable or adapter is inserted between the 16334A and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup. Step 2.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting During each data measurement, the message “WAIT--MEASURING ADJUSTMENT KIT” is displayed in the instrument state area in the LCD's upper-left side. Step 1. Make sure that the 16451B is correctly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. NOTE The 16451B Dielectric Test Fixture must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting KIT” is displayed in the instrument state area in the LCD's upper-left side. Step 1. Make sure that the 42942A is correctly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. Figure 4-4 Connecting the 42942A NOTE The 42942A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Figure 4-5 Connecting OPEN (0 S) to the 42942A Step 6. Press the PHASE COMP [-] key to start the phase compensation data measurement. NOTE The traces on the LCD display do not change during the phase compensation data measurement. When the phase compensation data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to PHASE COMP [DONE]. Step 7.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Figure 4-6 Connecting SHORT (0 W) to the 42942A Step 9. Press the SHORT [-] key to start the short data measurement. NOTE When the short data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to SHORT [DONE]. Step 10. Remove the SHORT (0 W) standard from the 7-mm port of the 42942A. Then connect the LOAD (50 W) standard to the 7-mm port (the LOAD standard is furnished with the 42942A Terminal Adapter). 4.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Figure 4-7 Connecting LOAD (50 W) to the 42942A Step 11. Press the LOAD [-] key to start the load data measurement. NOTE When the load data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to LOAD [DONE]. Step 12. Press the done key to start calculating the adapter setup data from the measured OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD data. The adapter setup data is automatically saved to the EEPROM (nonvolatile memory) in the Agilent 4294A.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Step 1. Make sure that the 42941A is correctly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. Figure 4-8 Connecting the 42941A NOTE The 42941A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A.
Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting NOTE When the load data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to OPEN [DONE]. Step 8. Connect the SHORT (0 W, HRM 504) to the 3.5-mm port (the SHORT is furnished with the 42941A Impedance Probe). Step 9. Press the SHORT [-] key to start the short data measurement. NOTE When the short data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to SHORT [DONE]. Step 10. Remove the SHORT (0 W, HRM 504) from the 3.5-mm port of the 42941A.
5 Setting Measurement Conditions NOTE Be sure to perform the “adapter setting” before starting your measurement. See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for how to perform the adapter setting. 81 5. Setting Measurement Conditions This chapter explains how to set up the measurement conditions for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer, including the measurement signal and sweep.
Setting Measurement Conditions Putting the Agilent 4294A into the Preset State (Presetting) Putting the Agilent 4294A into the Preset State (Presetting) Step 1. Press the [Preset] key. Executing presetting will put the Agilent 4294A into an initial state called the “preset state.” When turning on the power to the Agilent 4294A, a power-on state file is loaded to restore the setting stored in the file if it has been saved in the mass storage of the Agilent 4294A.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Trace (Active Trace) Selecting Trace (Active Trace) The Agilent 4294A can display the measurement results of one sweep measurement in two traces (waveforms) on the screen. These traces are called trace A and trace B. Various conditions or analyses can be applied to these traces independently, while others can be applied to them in common, such as the sweep range. Step 1. Press one of the following keys to select a trace for setting conditions or for analysis.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Selecting Sweep Parameter Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key. Step 2. Press the PARAMETER [ ] key. Step 3.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Figure 5-1 Sweep by Frequency Figure 5-2 Sweep by signal source current level 85 5.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Figure 5-3 Sweep by dc current bias (Constant dc bias current mode) 86 Chapter 5
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the TYPE [ ] key to display the sweep type menu. Step 3. Press one of the following keys to select the sweep type. NOTE Sweep type Key stroke Linear sweep LINEAR Log (logarithm) sweep LOG List sweep LIST If the oscillator level or the dc bias is selected as the sweep parameter, you cannot select the log sweep.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Figure 5-4 Linear sweep Figure 5-5 Log (logarithm) sweep 88 Chapter 5
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Setting Sweep Range Sweep range can be set by specifying either start and stop values or center and span values. NOTE The measurement range can be set to trace A and trace B in common. It is not necessary to select an active trace or to verify the current selection before setting the range. Setting by start and stop values Step 1. Press the [Start] key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. Step 3. Press the [Stop] key. This will display the current setting for the sweep stop value in the parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 4. Use the keys or the rotary knob in the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify a value for the sweep stop. • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9], [.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Setting sweep range Key stroke Set the difference in the sweep parameter value between the current main marker position and the delta marker position1 as the new sweep span value. MKR D ® SPAN Search the trace for a peak2 and specify a new sweep center value as the location of the peak found.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Figure 5-7 After MKR ® CENTER Figure 5-8 92 Chapter 5
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Figure 5-9 93 5.
Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Setting the sweep span to zero allows you to perform a measurement with time as a sweep parameter. This kind of sweep is also called zero span sweep. Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the PARAMETER [ ] key to display the sweep parameter menu. Step 3. Press the FREQ key to select frequency as a sweep parameter. Step 4. Press the [Span] key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) [Utility] - MKR X-AXIS [ ] - TIME keys. Sweep parameters other than frequency can be selected in Step 3. In such a case, the fixed value for the signal source is reflected in the selected parameter in Steps 5 and 6. Settings for signal sources other than the fixed value in Steps 5 and 6 can be made in the signal source menu, which can be accessed by pressing the [Source] key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Figure 5-11 Sweep span value = 0 Hz (zero span sweep) 96 Chapter 5
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Number of Points (NOP) Setting Number of Points (NOP) Step 1. Press [Sweep] to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the NUMBER OF POINTS key. This will display the current setting for number of points in the parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 3. Use keys or the rotary knob in the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify a value for the number of points.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Number of Points (NOP) Figure 5-13 Number of points: 801 98 Chapter 5
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Direction Selecting Sweep Direction DUT can be measured in the desired sweep direction when its characteristics has hysteresis with the sweep parameter. Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the DIRECTION [ ] key to select the desired sweep direction (pressing the key toggles the direction).
Setting Measurement Conditions Manual Sweep (Measurement at a Specified Point) Manual Sweep (Measurement at a Specified Point) In the normal sweep mode, the Agilent 4294A performs measurement by automatically changing the measurement point in response to triggering. When the set of measurements performed is as many as the number of points, this is regarded as one sweep.
Setting Measurement Conditions Manual Sweep (Measurement at a Specified Point) Figure 5-14 Manual Sweep 101 5.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Time Delay for Measurement Setting Time Delay for Measurement Time delay can be set for the period before sweep or actual measurement starts after the measurement signal is applied to DUT. This function is useful, for example, when a certain period is required before the characteristics of DUT become stable after the signal is applied. Another application of this function is to observe changes in impedance of DUT in the time domain for a long span.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Time Delay for Measurement Setting with sweep time delay Time delay can be set at the point before sweep starts. Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the TIME key to display the sweep time menu. Step 3. Press the SWEEP DELAY key. This will display the current setting for the sweep time delay in the parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 4.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Fixed Frequency (CW Frequency) Setting Fixed Frequency (CW Frequency) Follow the steps below to specify a fixed frequency for the signal source when the sweep parameter is any item other than frequency (i.e., oscillator level or dc bias). Step 1. Press the [Source] key to display the signal source menu. Step 2. Press the FREQUENCY key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Oscillator Level Setting Oscillator Level Follow the steps below to specify a fixed oscillator level (AC level) when the sweep parameter is any item other than oscillator level (i.e., frequency or dc bias). Step 1. Press the [Source] key to display the signal source menu. Step 2. Press the LEVEL key. This will display the current setting for the fixed oscillator level for the segment in the parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 3.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Unit for Oscillator Level (Voltage or Current) Selecting Unit for Oscillator Level (Voltage or Current) Step 1. Press the [Source] key to display the signal source menu. Step 2. Press the OSC UNIT [ ] key to select the unit for setting and displaying the oscillator level (pressing the key toggles the selection).
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias Setting and Applying dc Bias Follow the steps below to apply dc bias to DUT, regardless of whether you plan to sweep by dc bias. 1. Selecting dc bias mode Step 1. Press the [Source] key to display the signal source menu. Step 2. Press the BIAS MENU key to display the dc bias menu. Step 3. Press the MODE [ ] key to display the dc bias mode menu. Step 4. Select the dc bias mode.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9], [.], and [-]) and then press the unit key ([G/n], [M/m], [k/m], or [´1]). • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. 3.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias range as narrow as possible without causing the error message “DCBIAS OVERLOAD” (error number: 137) to appear. An initial dc bias range of 1 mA is recommended for the first measurement when dc bias is applied. NOTE When you do not apply dc bias, always set the dc bias range to 1 mA, which is the preset setting.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias selected is displayed in the key label [ ] of the MEAS RANGE [ ] key. Softkey label Selected dc bias range MEAS RANGE [1mA] 1 mA MEAS RANGE [10mA] 10 mA MEAS RANGE [100mA] 100 mA NOTE If the message “CAUTION: DCBIAS OVERLOAD” (error number: 137) still appears even when the dc bias range is set to 100 mA, the connected DUT requires a dc bias with a current that exceeds the maximum dc bias current (100 mA) provided by the Agilent 4294A.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting a Method to Start Measurement (Trigger Source) Selecting a Method to Start Measurement (Trigger Source) Follow the steps below to select a trigger source, the cue generator for starting your measurement. Step 1. Press the [Trigger] key to display the trigger menu. Step 2. Press the SOURCE [ ] key to display the trigger source menu. Step 3. Use the following keys to select the trigger source.
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Trigger/Measurement Point Trigger Selecting Sweep Trigger/Measurement Point Trigger You can select whether the event to be triggered (the trigger event) is a single sweep or a measurement at a single point. Step 1. Press the [Trigger] key to display the trigger menu. Step 2. Press the SOURCE [ ] key to display the trigger source menu. Step 3. Press the EVENT [ ] key to select the event to be triggered (pressing the key toggles the selection).
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal You can specify the polarity of the signal given to the external trigger input terminal on the rear panel by following the procedure below. Step 1. Press the [Trigger] key to display the trigger menu. Step 2. Press the SOURCE [ ] key to display the trigger source menu. Step 3.
Setting Measurement Conditions Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep You can specify the number of times sweeping is actually executed upon occurrence of a trigger. After sweeping is repeated the specified times, the sweeping is stopped and no further sweeping is executed by any trigger that may follow. You can also set the sweeping to unlimited times (continuous sweep). Sweeping by specified times and stopping a sweep are selected and executed by a sweep mode.
Setting Measurement Conditions Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep stopping (hold) state. No further sweeping can be triggered after it is stopped. NOTE When the internal trigger (free-run) is selected in “Selecting a Method to Start Measurement (Trigger Source)” on page 111, new sweeping starts immediately after step 3 above is performed, and sweeping is put into the stopping state after sweeping is repeated the number of times specified.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) If you select the linear sweep or log (logarithmic) sweep as the sweep type setting, the actual measurement points are automatically determined depending on the settings of the sweep range and the number of measurement points.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-16 117 5.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-17 Preparing list sweep table Set the list sweep with the list sweep table. Step 1. Press the [Sweep] key to display the sweep menu. Step 2. Press the EDIT LIST key to enter the list sweep table edit mode. At the same time, the list sweep menu appears.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-18 Step 3. Press the ADD key to add a new segment to the list sweep table. This operation also displays the segment edit menu (1/3). The segment added to the list sweep table contains predefined initial values. Step 4. Press the START key or the CENTER key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) The above setting will add a new value for the sweep stop or span frequency to the cell located in the segment raw and the sweep stop/span frequency column (START or CENTER) of the list sweep table in editing mode. Step 8. Press NUMBER OF POINTS key.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Step 15. Select the dc bias mode. dc bias mode Key stroke Voltage source (non-constant voltage mode) VOLT Current source (non-constant current mode) CURRENT Voltage source (constant voltage mode) VOLT CONSTANT Current source (constant current mode) CURRENT CONSTANT Step 16. Press the return key to return to the segment edit menu (2/3).
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) unit key ([G/n], [M/m], [k/m], or [´1]). • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. The setting above will add a new value for the dc current bias level to the cell located in the segment row and the dc bias column (BIAS) of the list sweep table in editing mode. Step 21.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Value area in the upper left part of the screen. Step 29. Use one of the following methods with the keys in the ENTRY block to set the pen number for the segment (an integer between 1 and 6). • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([1] to [6]) and then press [x1]. • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) previous segment are specified as initial values for the sweep start/stop frequencies (the same logic is applied to initial values for a sweep range specified with sweep center/span frequencies). Thus, a continuous sweep frequency range over the entire list sweep table would be obtained if you specify the range by modifying only the sweep stop frequency for each of the appended segments.
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) (pressing the key toggles your selection). NOTE Softkey label Selected list span mode LIST SPAN [SINGLE] Single span (linear-scaled frequency is used for the horizontal axis, with the left end specified as the minimum frequency in the list sweep table and the right end as the maximum).
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Setting measurement bandwidth Step 1. Press the [Bw/Avg] key to display the measurement bandwidth/averaging menu. Step 2. Press the BANDWIDTH [ ] key to display the measurement bandwidth setting menu. Step 3. Select the measurement bandwidth.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time An = Sweep-to-sweep averaging result (vector value) at the measurement point when the sweep count is “n.” Sn = Current measurement value (vector value) at the measurement point when the sweep count is “n.” F = Sweep-to-sweep averaging factor (entered with the AVERAGING FACTOR key) Perform the averaging factor setup as follows: Step 1. Press the [Bw/Avg] key to display the measurement bandwidth/averaging menu. Step 2.
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Equation 5-2 Point Averaging Algorithm 1 M = --F F å Sn n=1 where: M = Point averaging result (vector value) at the measurement point Sn = Current measurement value (vector value) F = Point averaging factor (entered with POINT AVG FACTOR key) Perform the averaging factor setup as follows: Step 1. Press the [Bw/Avg] key to display the measurement bandwidth/averaging menu. Step 2.
6. Calibration 6 Calibration This chapter describes calibration methods for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer.
Calibration Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method The Agilent 4294A has three calibration types: user calibration, port extension compensation, and fixture compensation. Table 6-1 shows each device connection and its corresponding adapter selection and calibration. Calibration should be done according to the particular requirements of each device connection. See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection.
Table 6-1 Device Connection and Corresponding Adapter Selection and Calibration Calibration (Ö: required, blank: not required) Adapter Selection Device Connection Accessory 42942A and 16092A 42942A and 16093A 42942A and 16093B 42942A and 16191A 42942A and 16192A 42942A and 16193A User Calibration Port Extension Compensation Ö (perform when user-defined calibration kit is used) D.
Calibration Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method • NOTE “Selecting Calibration/Compensation Data Points” on page 155 The user calibration data and fixture compensation data can be saved in the mass storage of the Agilent 4294A. For details, see “Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data” on page 270.
A. Calibration When Using Direct Connection Type Test Fixture This section describes the calibration procedures to follow when a direct connection type test fixture is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A and a device is connected to the test fixture contacts.
Calibration A. Calibration When Using Direct Connection Type Test Fixture • 16089B Kelvin Clip Lead • 16089C Kelvin Clip Lead • 16089D Alligator Clip Lead • 16089E Kelvin Clip Lead Step 1. Make sure that the adapter selection is set to “No Adapter (NONE).” See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection. Step 2. Perform the fixture compensation in accordance with “Fixture Compensation” on page 151.
B. Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 1-m Extension This section describes the calibration procedures to follow when the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A is extended with a 1-meter-long four-terminal pair configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection.
Calibration B. Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 1-m Extension 151. NOTE When the measurement port is extended by 1 meter with the four-terminal pair configuration, neither user calibration nor port extension compensation is required for measurement (they cannot be performed). Fixture Compensation When the 16451B is Used When you perform only the fixture OPEN compensation and fixture SHORT compensation, follow the normal fixture compensation procedures described in “Fixture Compensation” on page 151.
C. Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 2-m Extension This section describes the calibration procedures to follow when the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A is extended with a 2-meter-long four-terminal pair configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection.
Calibration C. Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 2-m Extension Step 2. Perform the fixture compensation in accordance with “Fixture Compensation” on page 151. NOTE When the measurement port is extended by 2 meters with the four-terminal pair configuration, neither user calibration nor port extension compensation is required for measurement (they cannot be performed).
D. Calibration When an Exclusive Fixture is Connected to the 42942A When an exclusive test fixture supplied by Agilent Technologies is connected to the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter, which is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, and a device is connected to the test fixture, perform the calibration procedure described below.
Calibration D. Calibration When an Exclusive Fixture is Connected to the 42942A See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection. Step 2. When performing calibration for the 7-mm port of the 42942A with a user-defined calibration kit, be sure to use the proper calibration kit. Refer to “User Calibration” on page 147 for the user calibration procedure. User calibration is not required if you do not use a user-defined calibration kit. Step 3.
E. Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended Perform the following calibration when the 7-mm port of a 42942A connected to the Agilent 4294A is extended with a one-port configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection. Figure 6-5 Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended Step 1. Make sure that the adapter selection is set to “42942A Terminal Adapter (7mm 42942A).” See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection. Step 2.
Calibration E. Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended NOTE In measurements using the 4294A, the electrical length (delay time) of a 42942A dedicated test fixture (such as 16092A) and 42941A’s dedicated probe adapter can be regarded as 0. Step 4. Perform fixture compensation at the device contacts of the test fixture. See “Fixture Compensation” on page 151 for the fixture compensation procedure.
F. Calibration When a Probe Adapter is Connected to the 42941A Perform the following calibration when a probe adapter supplied with the 42941A Impedance Probe is directly connected to the 3.5-mm port of the 42941A, which is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, and a device is connected to the probe adapter. Figure 6-6 Calibration When a Probe Adapter is Connected to the 42941A This calibration procedure is applied when the following probe adapters are connected to the 3.
Calibration F. Calibration When a Probe Adapter is Connected to the 42941A See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection. Step 2. When performing calibration at the 3.5-mm port of the 42941A with a user-defined calibration kit, perform user calibration with the proper calibration kit. Refer to “User Calibration” on page 147 for the user calibration procedure. User calibration is not required when you do not use a user-defined calibration kit. Step 3. Connect a probe adapter to the 3.
G. Calibration When the 3.5-mm Port of the 42941A is Extended Perform the following calibration when the 3.5-mm port of a 42941A connected to the Agilent 4294A is extended with a one-port configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection. Figure 6-7 Calibration When the 3.5-mm Port of the 42941A is Extended Step 1. Make sure that the adapter selection is set to “42941A Impedance Probe (PROBE 42941A).” See “Adapter Setting” on page 67 for adapter selection.
Calibration G. Calibration When the 3.5-mm Port of the 42941A is Extended Step 2. Perform the user calibration at the other end of the extended 3.5-mm port of the 42941A Impedance Probe. You can use either the calibration kit supplied by Agilent Technologies or a user-defined calibration kit. See “User Calibration” on page 147 for the user calibration procedure. Step 3.
User Calibration User calibration can be performed only when “42942A Terminal Adapter (7mm 42942A)” or “42941A Impedance Probe (PROBE 42941A)” is selected in the adapter setting. User Calibration Procedure Perform user calibration as follows: NOTE User calibration consists of three calibration data acquisition procedures: OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD, and you must obtain all three types of calibration data when performing user calibration.
Calibration User Calibration When LOAD calibration data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to LOAD [DONE]. Step 12. Press the done key to start calculating the calibration coefficient from the measured OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD standard data. The coefficient is automatically saved to the internal memory. When the calculation and storage of the coefficient are completed, the Agilent 4294A returns to the User Calibration Menu.
Step 2. Press the USER CAL key to display the User Calibration Menu. Step 3. Press the DEFINE VALUE key to display the Calibration Data Definition Menu. Step 4. Select one of the calibration data definition keys, OPEN CONDUCT(G), OPEN CAP(C), SHORT RESIST(R), SHORT INDUCT(L), LOAD RESIST(R), or LOAD INDUCT(L), to confirm or set the calibration data definition.
Calibration Port Extension Compensation Port Extension Compensation Port extension compensation is used to compensate an error caused by the electrical delay when the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter or 3.5-mm port of the 42941A Impedance Probe is extended with a one-port configuration. Port extension compensation can be performed when “42942A Terminal Adapter (7mm 42942A)” or “42941A Impedance Probe (PROBE 42941A)” is chosen in adapter selection.
Fixture Compensation Fixture compensation procedure Perform the fixture compensation as follows: NOTE If the oscillator level is greater than 500 mV, an error, “REDUCE OSC LEVEL” or “BRIDGE UNBALANCED,” may occur during the Short correction and measurement may not be correct. When you set the oscillator level for measurement to 500 mV or even greater, set it to 500 mV for the Fixture correction.
Calibration Fixture Compensation Step 6. Press the OPEN key to start OPEN compensation data measurement. During the compensation data measurement, the message “WAIT--MEASURING STANDARD” is displayed in the instrument state area of the LCD's upper-left side. When OPEN compensation data measurement is completed, the softkey label OPEN on OFF (if it is off) changes to OPEN ON off. Step 7. Put the test fixture's device contacts in the SHORT state.
Turning the fixture compensation on or off The fixture compensation function is automatically turned on after completing each compensation data measurement. However, you can turn the function on or off as required. Step 1. Press the [Cal] key to display the Calibration Menu. Step 2. Press the FIXTURE COMPEN key to bring up the Fixture Compensation Menu. Step 3.
Calibration Fixture Compensation Step 4. Select one of the compensation data definition keys, OPEN CONDUCT(G), OPEN CAP(C), SHORT RESIST(R), SHORT INDUCT(L), LOAD RESIST(R), or LOAD INDUCT(L), to confirm or set the compensation data definition.
Selecting Calibration/Compensation Data Points You can choose the type of frequency points to use in obtaining user calibration data and fixture compensation data as follows: Step 1. Press the [Cal] key to display the Calibration Menu. Step 2. Press the COMP POINT [ ] key to select the measurement points used for user calibration or those for fixture compensation (pressing the key toggles your selection).
Calibration Selecting Calibration/Compensation Data Points List of fixed calibration/compensation frequency points When the fixed frequency points for user calibration and fixture compensation are selected (softkey label: COMP POINT [FIXED]), calibration/compensation is performed at the frequency points listed in Table 6-2. Table 6-2 Fixed Calibration/Compensation Points (100 points, in Hz) 40, 45, 55, 70, 91, 130, 195, 320, 600, 1k, 2.1k, 4k, 9.
7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results 7 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results This chapter describes how to configure the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer to display the measurement results in the way that best suits your needs.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Measurement Parameters Selecting the Measurement Parameters Step 1. Press the [Meas] key to display the Measurement Parameter menu. Step 2. Select the measurement parameter for each trace with a keystroke shown in Table 7-1.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Measurement Parameters NOTE You can set each measurement parameter without specifying the active trace or checking its current state. Chapter 7 159 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results The Agilent 4294A preserves the graph axis formats, scale settings, data and memory trace contents, and trace definitions for each parameter (for example, Ls) unless it is turned off or reset to its preset state.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format Selecting the Graph Axis Format When Using Cartesian Coordinates Unless the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B), it displays measurement results in a Cartesian-coordinate graph whose horizontal and vertical axes indicate the sweep and measurement parameter values, respectively.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format Vertical axis for |Z|: linear format Figure 7-2 Vertical axis for |Z|: logarithmic format 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format When Using Complex Parameters (COMPLEX Z-Y) When the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B), use the following procedure to select the graph axis formats: Step 1. Activate the trace for which you want to set the axis format. To activate: Press: Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Format] key to display the Format menu. Step 3.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format Figure 7-4 Polar chart whose Y axis indicates complex admittance (with only Trace B displayed) 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Auto-scaling the Trace Auto-scaling the Trace Step 1. Activate the trace you want auto-scaled. To activate: Press: Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Scale Ref] key to display the first page of the Scale Reference menu. Step 3. Press the AUTO SCALE key to auto-scale the trace based on the current trace data.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Auto-scaling the Trace After auto-scaling NOTE When you have both the data and memory traces displayed, you can specify which trace type you want auto-scaled. For more information, refer to “Selecting the Target Trace Type (Data or Memory)” on page 177. 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) This section describes how to manually scale the active trace for a Cartesian-coordinate graph. Note that these procedures do not apply when the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B).
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Positioning the reference line NOTE The reference line is a horizontal dotted line displayed in the same color as the corresponding trace. At the left end of the reference line, a “ ”symbol is displayed in the same color. 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Figure 7-7 Step 5. Press the REFERENCE VALUE key.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-8 NOTE Setting the reference value Alternatively, when you have the main marker displayed on the trace, you can press the MKR ® REFERENCE key to use the value at the marker position as the reference value. Thus, you can change the trace scale by placing the reference line at the position indicated by the main marker.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-9 Setting the scale per division 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Scaling the Trace Based on the Top and Bottom Values Whether the vertical axis is linear or logarithmic, you can scale the trace by specifying the highest (top) and lowest (bottom) values displayed within the graph. Step 1. Activate the trace you want to manually scale.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-10 Setting the top value Step 5. Press the BOTTOM VALUE value. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of the screen indicates the bottom value currently in effect, that is, the value that corresponds to the line displayed at the bottom of the graph. Step 6. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the bottom value.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-11 Setting the bottom value 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph This section describes how to manually scale the active trace when the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B).
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-12 Setting the X-axis reference value for a complex plane (for measuring complex impedance) 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Step 5. Press the REFERENCE Y VALUE key. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of the screen indicates the reference value currently in effect for the vertical (Y) axis; this value is a complex value.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph impedance) Step 7. Press the SCALE/DIV key. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of the screen indicates the scale per division currently in effect. For a complex plane, both the vertical and horizontal axes use the same scale per division. Step 8. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the scale per division.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-14 Setting the scale per division for a complex plane (for measuring complex impedance) 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Scaling the Active Trace for a Polar Chart When your graph is a polar chart, you can scale the active trace by specifying the full scale value, that is, the distance from the origin to the outermost circle. Step 1.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-15 NOTE Setting the full scale value for a polar chart (for measuring complex impedance) Alternatively, when you have the main marker displayed on the trace, you can press the MKR ® REFERENCE key to use the value at the marker position (i.e., the distance from the origin) as the full scale value.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Target Trace Type (Data or Memory) Selecting the Target Trace Type (Data or Memory) When changing the scale and display settings through the Scale Reference menu with both the data and memory traces displayed, you can specify whether to apply the new settings to the data or memory trace. To activate: Press: Trace A [A] Trace B [B] 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Step 1. Activate the trace you want to manually scale.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Enabling or Disabling Coupled Scaling Mode Enabling or Disabling Coupled Scaling Mode When both the data and memory traces are displayed, the Agilent 4294A synchronizes the scale settings between them so that changes made to the scale of either trace are automatically applied to the other. This feature, which is called “coupled scaling mode,” is enabled by default when the Agilent 4294A is in its preset state.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Trace Types Trace A Trace B Functions Data trace (yellow1) Displays measurement data/calculations (updated during measurement cycle) Memory trace (green1) Stores and displays previously measured data (captures data when DATA ® MEMORY is pressed) Data trace (blue1) Displays measurement data/calculations (updated during measurement cycle) Memory trace (brown1) Stores and dis
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation NOTE At this time, you may want to hold (stop) the sweep cycle for the data trace by pressing the HOLD key in the Trigger menu, which is accessible from the [Trigger] key. Doing so ensures that you can create an exact snapshot of the measurement data when you later store the data into the memory trace. Step 6. Press the [Display] key to display the Display menu. Step 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Memory trace Press: (Hidden) MEM MEMORY DATA MEM DATA and MEMORY DATA - MEM (Hidden) DATA-MEMORY DATA – MEM ------------------------------------ ´ 100 MEM (Hidden) DELTA % DATA/MEM (Hidden) DATA/MEM In the table above, DATA represents the current measurement data while MEM represents the data captured by pressing the DATA ® MEMORY key. Step 10.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Figure 7-17 Measuring reference data for comparison (with constant frequency of 50 MHz) Figure 7-18 Comparing trace data (by selecting DATA and MEMORY key) 182 Chapter 7
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Displaying differential from reference data (by selecting DATA - MEMORY key) Figure 7-20 Displaying differential percentage from reference data (by selecting DELTA % key) NOTE When the result of a calculation is displayed on the data trace, the Instrument Status area 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation on the measurement screen indicates a simplified expression of the calculation. For more information, refer to “17. Instrument Status Area” on page 57. You can use the scaling and marker features with the memory trace in the same ways as you can with the data trace.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces Superimposing Multiple Traces In its preset state, the Agilent 4294A plots a new trace while erasing the measuring points used for the last sweep cycle. If you prefer, you can configure the Agilent 4294A to plot a new trace without erasing any existing traces. This feature is called “trace superimpose.” Step 2.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces positions on the screen. Once you have turned on or off the trace superimpose feature, that setting is applied to both Traces A and B. Comparing traces using the list sweep function The list sweep in the Agilent 4294A sweeps multiple frequency sweep ranges (segments) under different conditions at one time.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces Comparing traces using list sweep function (single span mode) Figure 7-24 Displaying Figure 7-23 in segment span mode (reference) NOTE For all traces drawn by the list sweep function, you can read their values by using the marker. Also, by specifying a certain segment as the partial search range, you can execute 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces search within the segment (trace) only. For how to specify a partial search range in the list sweep, refer to “When the sweep type is list sweep:” on page 269.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) The Agilent 4294A provides a feature that allows you to monitor both the voltage and amperage values of the test signal level actually applied to the DUT, whether you measure the signal source level by voltage or current. This feature is called “test signal level monitor.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) Figure 7-25 Monitoring signal source level (voltage/current) with manual sweep enabled Using the Marker Feature to Determine the Test Signal Level You can use the main marker to determine the test signal level at your desired point on the trace.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) (Trigger Source)” on page 111). Alternatively, you can use the continuous sweep mode by implementing a free run trigger. NOTE Marker-based level monitoring takes effect when you start a new sweep cycle after turning on the test signal level monitor feature. Step 5. Press the LEVEL MON [ ] key to display the Level Monitor menu. Step 6. Activate the trace for which you want to monitor the signal level at the marker position.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) Figure 7-26 Using the marker-based monitoring feature to simultaneously display voltage and current levels 192 Chapter 7
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level Monitoring the dc Bias Level The Agilent 4294A provides a feature that allows you to monitor either the voltage or amperage value of the dc bias actually applied to the DUT. This feature is called the “dc bias level monitor.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level Traces A and B. Figure 7-27 Monitoring dc bias level with manual sweep enabled Using the Marker Feature to Determine the dc Bias Level During the dc bias sweep, you can use the main marker to determine the dc bias level (voltage or amperage) at your desired point on the trace.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level To: Press: Monitor the dc bias voltage level VOLT Monitor the dc bias current level CURRENT NOTE Marker-based level monitoring takes effect when you start a new sweep cycle after turning on the dc bias level monitor feature. Step 6. Press the [Utility] key to display the Utility menu. The main marker appears on the trace if it is not already displayed. Step 7. Press the LEVEL MON [ ] key to display the Level Monitor menu.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level trace is currently active. Traces A and B are each associated with a field called “Marker Statistics/Trace Bandwidth Analysis.” Each of these fields can be used to display one of three types of marker-based monitoring information: the test signal voltage level, the test signal current level, and the dc bias level (voltage or current).
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Phase Unit Selecting the Phase Unit When you are performing phase-based measurement, you can specify whether to use degrees or radian as the phase unit applied to the scaling and marker features. Step 1. Activate the trace for which you want to set the phase unit. Press: Trace A [A] Trace B [B] To set the phase unit, your parameter must be either |Z|-q / |Y|-q or COMPLEX Z-Y.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Displaying Phase Values without Wrapping at ±180° Displaying Phase Values without Wrapping at ±180° The Agilent 4294A provides a feature that allows you to display phase values without wrapping them at +180° or -180°. This feature, called “expanded phase,” is useful when measured phase values are in a continuous increase or decrease and some of them exceed +180° or -180°. To set up the expanded phase feature, follow these steps: Step 1.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Hiding the Non-active Trace Hiding the Non-active Trace When the screen is not split into upper and lower halves (see “Splitting the Graph” on page 200), Traces A and B appear on the same graph and may overlap each other, making it difficult to examine the DUT’s characteristics. In this case, you can optionally hide the non-active trace. Step 2.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Splitting the Graph Splitting the Graph You can split the display into upper and lower halves so that Traces A and B are each displayed on a separate graph. To split the display, follow these steps: Step 1. Press the [Display] key to display the first page of the Display menu. Step 2. Press the SPLIT on OFF (or SPLIT ON off) key to turn on or off the split display feature (pressing the key toggles your selection).
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Splitting the Graph Traces A and B with split display enabled NOTE Before you can turn on or off the split display feature, you must configure the screen assignments for HP Instrument BASIC by pressing the ALL INSTRUMENT or BASIC STATUS key. For more information, refer to “Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC” on page 202. 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC The Agilent 4294A can function as both an analyzer and an HP Instrument BASIC controller. You can specify which area of the screen should display the information related to HP Instrument BASIC (such as program and file lists or status data). To do this, follow these steps: Step 1.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC Entire screen assigned to analyzer functions Figure 7-32 Upper half assigned to analyzer functionality and lower half to HP Instrument BASIC 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC Figure 7-33 Entire screen assigned to HP Instrument BASIC Figure 7-34 Three status lines displayed for HP Instrument BASIC 204 Chapter 7
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Adding a Title to the Measurement Screen Adding a Title to the Measurement Screen The measurement screen provides two title fields, each corresponding to Trace A or B. You can add descriptive text to these fields, and your entered titles are displayed in the same color as the corresponding trace. To add titles to the screen, follow these steps: To activate: Press: Trace A [A] Trace B [B] 7. Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Step 1.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Adding a Title to the Measurement Screen Figure 7-35 Adding a title to measurement screen NOTE As a more convenient alternative, if your Agilent 4294A is equipped with an external keyboard, you can enter a new title through the keyboard. When you finished entering a new title, just press the [Enter] key on the keyboard to save the title. If you press the cancel key to cancel your entry, any existing title remains in the title field.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display The Agilent 4294A allows you to customize the intensity and color settings applied to the items displayed on the screen. NOTE Setting the Foreground Intensity To adjust the intensity of the text and graphics displayed on the screen, follow these steps: Step 1. Press the [Display] key to display the first page of the Display menu. Step 2.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display Step 5. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the background intensity factor (%) relative to the maximum intensity. NOTE • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9]) and then press the [´1] key. • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display Press: Pen 2 (#2 of the graphic drawing pen set 1) more 1/3 - PEN 2 Pen 3 (#3 of the graphic drawing pen set 1) more 1/3 - more 2/3 - PEN 3 Pen 4 (#4 of the graphic drawing pen set 1) more 1/3 - more 2/3 - PEN 4 Pen 5 (#5 of the graphic drawing pen set 1) more 1/3 - more 2/3 - PEN 5 Pen 6 (#6 of the graphic drawing pen set 1) more 1/3 - more 2/3 - PEN 6 7.
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display the saturation factor (%) relative to the pure color. NOTE • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9]) and then press the [´1] key. • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value.
8. Analysis and Processing of Result 8 Analysis and Processing of Result This chapter describes how to analyze the result of measurements by the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer and how to process the output result to the printer.
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace The value at each point of the trace can be read using the marker 0, which is called the “main marker.” Setting the sweep parameter value allows the main marker position to be moved as desired. Step 1. Activate the trace that you want to read. Active trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Marker] key.
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace Values read on the trace by the main marker NOTE When the marker movement is in non-complementary mode (when the softkey label displayed by pressing the [Marker] key indicates MKR [DISCRETE]), the marker can move only the actual measuring point on the trace.
Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Listing data at several points on the trace When the main marker (marker numbered 0) is used, data on the trace (sweep parameter value and measured value) are always displayed in the Marker Sweep Parameter Value and Marker Measurement Parameter Value fields in the right area of the screen. To display data at several points on the trace at one time, use the sub-markers (markers numbered 1 to 7) and the marker list function.
Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Figure 8-2 Displaying the marker positions using the softkey labels of the sub-markers The marker position display provided by the softkey labels in the Sub-Marker Setting menu may not be usable if you want to show the display at all times because the softkey display changes depending on the keys you operate. In this case, you can use the marker list function.
Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Figure 8-3 Listing marker positions with the marker list function NOTE If “Use the upper and lower halves of the screen for analyzer functionality and HP Instrument BASIC, respectively” has been selected as the setting of the assignment of the HP Instrument BASIC screen, turning on the marker list function does not display the measured graph but instead the marker list in the upper half of the screen and the HP Instrument BASIC
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) By placing the marker used as the reference at any point on the screen, you can set and display the positions (sweep parameter value and measurement parameter value) of the markers (main marker and sub-marker) based on relative values (differences) from the reference point.
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Delta marker mode Key operation Fixed delta marker mode (even if the trace changes, the delta marker is always fixed to a certain point on the graph; you set its position with both the sweep parameter value and measurement parameter value) FIXED DMKR When you select the delta marker mode, the delta marker (D) appears at the main marker position on the trace.
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) When you press the key, the current set value of the selected parameter indicating the delta marker position is displayed in the Setting Parameter Value field in the upper left area of the screen.
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) NOTE • “Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace” on page 212 • “Search the maximum/minimum measurements” on page 223 • “Search the point of target measurement” on page 225 • “Search the maximum/minimum peak” on page 228 The sweep parameter value or measurement parameter value you specify for moving the main marker should be a relative value from the delta marker.
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Figure 8-5 Displayed difference from the reference point in the fixed delta marker mode 8.
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading actual measurement points only/reading interpolated values between measurement points Reading actual measurement points only/reading interpolated values between measurement points The preset setting allows you to read, in addition to actual measurement points on the trace, any point between measurement points by an interpolation calculation using the marker (for example, you can directly enter the sweep parameter value of the desired destination with the numeric ke
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum measurements Search the maximum/minimum measurements Step 1. Activate the trace that you want to be searched. Active trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. If the main marker is not on the active trace, it appears at the position of the sweep center value on the trace. Step 3.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum measurements Figure 8-7 Minimum search value by trace NOTE When the MAX, MIN, TARGET or PEAK key is used for searching, one search is carried out for the trace when the key is pressed. If the search tracking function is on, search is executed every time a sweep is completed. For details on the search tracking function, refer to “Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking)” on page 235.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Search the point of target measurement You can use the target value search function to move the main marker in automatic mode to the point of the specified (target) measurement on the trace and to read the sweep parameter value at that point. Step 1. Activate the trace to be searched. Active trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Figure 8-8 Result of target value search (Trace B) NOTE If multiple target values are present on the trace, the main marker moves to the target value of the measuring points that were closest to the main marker immediately before the target value search was executed. If the target value is not found, the message “TARGET VALUE NOT FOUND” is displayed in the upper left area of the screen. Step 5.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Right search after Figure 8-8 NOTE To place the sub-marker on the searched point, press the SUB MKR key located on the same target menu to display the sub-marker setting menu. Then select the desired sub-marker out of the seven sub-markers. 8. Analysis and Processing of Result Figure 8-9 Step 6. Read the value displayed in the marker sweep parameter value field on the screen.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Search the maximum/minimum peak The peak search function enables the main marker to be moved to the maximum or minimum point in automatic mode. Step 1. Activate the trace to be searched. Active Trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. If the main marker is not on the active trace, the main marker appears at the position of the sweep center value on the trace. Step 3.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Peak menu to also place the sub-marker at that peak. This SUB MKR key is equivalent to the SUB MKR key on the Marker menu displayed by pressing the [Marker] key. For how to use the sub-marker, refer to “Listing data at several points on the trace” on page 214. Figure 8-10 Search the maximum peak of |Z| using the PEAK key 8.
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Figure 8-11 Search the next peak after Figure 8-10 using the NEXT PEAK key Figure 8-12 Search the right-hand peak after Figure 8-11 using the NEXT PEAK RIGHT key 230 Chapter 8
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Figure 8-13 Search the left-hand peak after Figure 8-11 using the NEXT PEAK LEFT key NOTE When the MAX, MIN, TARGET or PEAK key is used for searching, one search is carried out for the trace when the key is pressed. If the search tracking function is on, search is executed every time a sweep is completed.For details about the search tracking function, refer to “Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking)” on page 235.
Analysis and Processing of Result Define the Peak Define the Peak When peaks are defined, unwanted peaks can be excluded so that only the peaks matching the definition are detected. In Figure 8-14, the Agilent 4294A peaks are defined. Figure 8-14 Defining the Peak Definition of peak polarity Define the peak polarity according to the following steps: Step 1. Activate the trace for which the peak polarity is defined. Active Trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2.
Analysis and Processing of Result Define the Peak Softkey label Selected peak polarity PEAK PLRTY [NEG] Negative (if the measurement at that point is smaller than the measurement of the adjacent measuring points, it is regarded as a peak) Define peak sharpness The following steps are used to define the peak sharpness: Step 1. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. Step 2. Press the PEAK key to display the Peak menu. Step 3. Press the PEAK DEF MENU key to display the Peak Definition menu.
Analysis and Processing of Result Define the Peak “Search the maximum/minimum peak” on page 228. It should be noted, however, that a definition must be set in advance by using the PEAK DEF DX key and PEAK DEF DY key to ensure that the target peak is searched. To ensure that all peaks are detected, perform peak search after setting the peak DY value to zero using the PEAK DEF DY. Step 3. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. Step 4. Press the PEAK key to display the Peak menu. Step 5.
Analysis and Processing of Result Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking) Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking) In the preset setting, the maximum value/minimum value search, target value search, or peak search function is executed only once when the corresponding key (MAX key, MIN key, and so on) is pressed. On the other hand, you can set the search on the trace to perform automatically at the completion of each sweep (search tracking function). Step 1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Analyze trace bandwidth The Agilent 4294A can automatically derive the parameters called bandwidth, center value, Q value, peak, DL, and DR from the measurement trace. At the instant when the trace bandwidth analysis function is turned on and at the completion of each subsequent sweep, cutoff points are searched for on the sweep parameter value axis, starting from the main marker position at that time and advancing in both directions.
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Table 8-2 Definitions of parameters in trace bandwidth analysis Definition Bandwidth: Indicates the interval of sweep parameter values at two cutoff points (width = interval between sub-markers 2 and 3 in Figure 8-15). This definition does not depend on the D marker mode. Center: Indicates a midpoint between the sweep parameter values at two cutoff points (center = sweep parameter value at the position of sub-marker 1 in Figure 8-15).
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Figure 8-15 Trace bandwidth analysis function (different definition for each D marker mode) NOTE The cutoff value in Figure 8-15 indicates the set value when the fixed value (FIXED VALUE key) in the definition of the cutoff point is selected. For the definition of the cutoff point, see “Define the cutoff point in trace bandwidth analysis” on page 238.
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Step 4. Select the definition of the cutoff point in trace bandwidth analysis from the following: Definition of cutoff point 1 Key operation MKRVAL ------------------------2 MKRVAL/(Ö2) MKRVAL ´ 2 MKRVAL*(Ö2) MKRVAL ------------------------2 MKRVAL/2 Fixed value (specified by numerical value) FIXED VALUE 1. MKRVAL: Indicates the measurement parameter value (measurement) at the position of the main marker (marker 0).
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth bandwidth analysis. Delta marker mode Key operation Fixed delta marker mode FIXED DMKR Tracking delta marker mode TRACING DMKR Delta marker off DMKR OFF When you have selected the delta marker mode, the delta marker (D) appears at the main marker position on the trace.
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Bandwidth Analysis Result area on the right of the screen. Trace bandwidth analysis result NOTE If the trace bandwidth analysis function is turned on, the straight line showing the cutoff line is displayed parallel to the sweep parameter axis. Step 5.
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth peak value. If the two cutoff points cannot be found by trace bandwidth analysis, the message TARGET VALUE NOT FOUND will appear in the upper left area of the screen. If a partial search range is specified by following “Specify partial search range” on page 267, trace bandwidth analysis will be executed within that range. Even if the trace bandwidth analysis function is turned off, the marker used for analysis will not disappear from the screen.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set the marker separately for either trace A or B Set the marker separately for either trace A or B In setting the preset time, marker setting procedures are applied to both traces A and B (for example, movements of the main marker are common to traces A and B). This is because the marker coupling function is turned on in the preset time setting. To set the marker separately for either trace A or B, the following steps must be taken: Step 1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Selecting target trace (data or memory) for marker analysis Selecting target trace (data or memory) for marker analysis The Agilent 4294A provides the data trace and memory trace for both trace A and trace B, which you can use to display measured data. Note that, in the preset setting, the target for the analysis using the maker is the data trace (all operations such as moving the marker and displaying data are applied to the data trace).
Analysis and Processing of Result Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time You can use the following procedure to select how the sweep parameter value is displayed in the Marker Sweep Parameter Value field: time relative to the sweep start or relaxation time.
Analysis and Processing of Result Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time Figure 8-18 Marker X-axis display: Time from start 246 Chapter 8
Analysis and Processing of Result Clearing (turning off) the marker from the screen Clearing (turning off) the marker from the screen This section describes how to turn off each marker or all markers on the screen. Turning off the sub-markers Follow these steps to turn off each sub-marker (markers numbered 1 to 7). Step 1. Activate the trace displaying the sub-marker you want to turn off. Active Trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Marker] key to display the Marker menu.
Analysis and Processing of Result Clearing (turning off) the marker from the screen Active Trace Key operation Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Marker] key to display the Marker menu. Step 3. Press the DMODE MENU key to display the Delta Marker menu. Step 4. Press the DMKR OFF key to turn off the delta marker.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics The Agilent 4294A is provided with four types of 3-element equivalent circuits and one type of 4-element equivalent circuits.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics Figure 8-19 Equivalent circuit diagram display Step 6. Press the SELECT CIRCUIT key to display the Equivalent Circuit Select menu. Step 7. Select the equivalent circuit with key A, B, C, D or E.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics Table 8-3 Selection of equivalent circuit Equivalent circuit model Typical frequency characteristics Sample (example) 2 Resonator E 1. Measurement parameter: | Z | - q, Sweep type: log, Vertical axis: | Z | is log and q is linear 2. Measurement parameter: | Z | - q, Sweep type: linear (or log), Vertical axis: | Z | is log and q is linear Step 8.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics When the equivalent circuit parameter has been calculated based on the result of sample measurement, we recommend that frequency characteristics be simulated based on the equivalent circuit parameter by following the procedures to “Simulate the frequency characteristics based on the equivalent circuit parameter” (below).
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics value field in the upper left area of the screen. Step 10. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the parameter value. • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9], [-]and [.]) and then press one of the unit keys ([G/n], [M/m], [k/m], or [´1]). • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace A function is provided to automatically calculate the statistics (mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak value) of the trace data and display them. If the partial search function is on, statistics are calculated for the specified search range.
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace Statistics display of trace NOTE Each time a single sweep is completed, the statistics are calculated and the display is updated. In Figure 8-22 on page 255, the trace statistics display function is used to obtain the peak-to-peak value (difference between the minimum value and the maximum value).
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Set a limit line (a line to indicate the upper and lower limits of the trace) to the data trace. If the measurement is within the specified range, it is evaluated as having passed the test. If not, it is evaluated as having failed the test. “PASS” appears in the limit line test result field on the screen when accepted, whereas “FAIL” appears if rejected.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Step 2. Activate the trace for testing the limit line. Active Trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 3. Press the [Marker] key to display the main marker on the trace. NOTE The limit line table can be set without displaying the marker.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. This setting allows a new start value to be written for the start value string (START) on the line of the segment being edited in the limit line table. NOTE Instead of directly entering the start value of the segment according to Steps 8 and 9, you may also follow the procedure below: (1) Press the [Entry Off] key.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • Enter the value using the numeric keys ([0] through [9], [.] and [-]) and then press a unit key ([G/n], [M/m], [k/m], or [´1]). • Turn the rotary knob (m) to the right or left to set the value. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the value.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation (2) Move the main marker to the position of the segment stop value using the rotary knob (m) or the step keys ([][¯]). (3) Key operations of more 1/3 - more 2/3 - MKR Æ VALUE STOP allow the measurement parameter value at the stop point of the trace to be substituted into the limit range middle value. After setting in this order, press the more 3/3 - more 3/1 keys to go back to the Segment Edit menu (2/3). Step 18.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Limit line table edit function Key operation Add a new segment to the end of the selected segment and start the edit mode of the segment. ADD Delete all of the segments in the list sweep table being edited. CLEAR LIST - yes (cancel) Completed limit line table NOTE From 1 to 18 segments can be set in the limit line table. 8.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Conduct the limit line test After completing the limit line table, conduct the limit line test according to the following procedure. Step 1. Press the [System] key to display the system menu. Step 2. Press the LIMIT TEST key to display the Limit Test menu. Step 3. Press the LIMIT TEST on OFF key to turn execute the limit line test.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Limit line test function ON (example of rejection by test) NOTE When the limit line test is turned on, the test result (pass/fail) is output as a PASS/FAIL signal through the 24-bit I/O port of the rear panel. Step 4. Operate the BEEP FAIL on OFF (or BEEP FAIL ON off) key to activate a beep sound in the event that the limit line test indicates failure.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • Figure 8-28 In the even of a failure, the limit line test fail bit of the GP-IB status byte is set to “1.” For more information on the GP-IB status byte, refer to Programming Manual.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Figure 8-29 Limit line movement by offset (+ 1 kHz) Step 7. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the measurement parameter offset value. • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9], [-]and [.]) and then press one of the unit keys ([G/n], [M/m], [k/m], or [´1]). • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set.
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Figure 8-30 Limit line movement by offset (- 10 degrees) NOTE Pressing the MKR ® AMP. OFST. key allows the measurement parameter value at the main marker position to be substituted into the measurement parameter offset value of the limit line.
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range Specify partial search range Under the presetting conditions, the maximum value search ([Search] - MAX), the minimum value search ([Search] - MIN), target value search ([Search] - TARGET), peak search ([Search] - PEAK) and equivalent circuit analysis ([Display] - more 1/2 EQUIV CKT - CALCULATE PARAMETERS) are executed over the entire sweep range.
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range Figure 8-31 Minimum value search by turning on partial search range NOTE The partial search range cannot be set in excess of the preset sweep range. If you turn on the partial search function using the PART SRCH on OFF key before entering the partial search range, you can set the partial search range while checking the boundary line position. Note that you can use the marker to enter the partial search range.
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range When the sweep type is list sweep: Step 1. Activate the trace in which you want to specify a partial search range. Active Trace Key operation Trace A [A] Trace B [B] Step 2. Press the [Search] key to display the Search menu. Step 3. Press the SEARCH RANGE MENU key to display the Search Range menu. Step 4.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data The Agilent 4294A supports three types of data storage devices: floppy disks, volatile memory disks, and nonvolatile memory disks (flash memory). This section describes how to save data obtained through a series of measurement processes within the Agilent 4294A into a storage device and how to recall data from the storage device.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-4 Agilent 4294A internal data and saving methods Agilent Saving method and saved contents 1 4294A internal data State save Trace data Data array (measurement data before data trace storage) Memory array (measurement data before data trace storage) Graphics Data save Graphics save on/off Ö on/off Data trace array on/off Memory trace array on/off Ö Surface screen at the time of saving 1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data NOTE Storage device Key operation Non-volatile memory disk (flash memory) FLASH MEMORY When using the floppy disk drive, make sure a disk is first inserted in the drive. If the floppy disk is set to “Write Protect,” the data cannot be saved. Set the disk to “Write Enable” before using it.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data NOTE There is no need to attach an extension to the file name. Step 7. After entering the file name in the character string input line, press the done key or [´1] key to save the file. To suspend saving, press the cancel key. NOTE Steps 6 and 7 can be executed from the external keyboard connected to the rear panel. After entering the file name, press the [Enter] key of the keyboard to save the file. An extension [.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Step 7.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data NOTE Key Function BACK SPACE or [Back Space] Returns the cursor (_)of the character string input line by one character to the left and erases the character in that position. CLEAR NAME Erases the entire the character string entered in the character string input line. There is no need to attach an extension to the file name. Step 11.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-5 Example of data saved in the text (ASCII) format 4294A REV1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Structure of data saved in the text format Table 8-6 shows the structure of data saved in the text format. The data is divided into 2 sections: status block and data block. The data block is further divided into 2 parts: instrument setup part and data part. Table 8-6 Data structure Contents 4294A REV1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data expressed as an underscore (_). Strings including instrument setups and data array names are enclosed with double quotation marks ("). At the end of each line, the linefeed code is inserted. Table 8-6 uses the Ü mark for the notation of a linefeed code. Data contents of the status block The status block stores information related to the instrument and the date when the data was saved. Contents Description 4294A REV1.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data calibration data and the fixture compensation data. Table 8-7 Example of calibration data saved in the data part "Cal Point: FIXED" Ü Ü "Frequency"_"Comp[open] Real"_"Comp[open] Imag"_"Comp[short] Real"_"Comp[short] Imag" _"Comp[load] Real"_"Comp[load] Imag" Ü 4.00000000000e+01_2.947073e-09_-1.565653e-09_-6.253917e-03_1.008368e-03_5.008568e+01_ -3.311127e-02 Ü 4.50000000000e+01_-7.903406e-11_9.789698e-10_-4.783846e-03_-7.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Contents of the data part when saving the data array Table 8-9 is an example of the data part when specifying saving the data array. Table 8-9 Example of the data array data saved in the data part (part of trace A) "TRACE: A" Ü "FORMAT: LOG" Ü Ü "Frequency"_"Data Real"_"Data Imag" Ü 4.00000000000e+01_1.976390e-02_5.641327e-03Ü 2.24493714300e+06_8.738007e+00_2.715469e+02Ü 4.48983428600e+06_2.407099e+01_5.634623e+02Ü .........
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-12 shows the contents of the saved memory array.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-15 is an example of the data part when specifying saving the memory trace array. Table 8-15 Example of the memory trace array data saved in the data part (part of trace A) "TRACE: A" Ü "FORMAT: LOG" Ü Ü "Frequency"_"Memory Trace Real"_"Memory Trace Imag" Ü 4.00000000000e+01_2.055326e-02_0.000000e+00 Ü 2.24493714300e+06_2.716875e+02_0.000000e+00Ü 4.48983428600e+06_5.639762e+02_0.000000e+00Ü ...........................
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Data contents saved in the trace data Depending on the specified measurement parameter, the contents saved in the trace data vary. The data array (Data Real and Data Imag) are always used to save the R and X values (data before the measurement parameter conversion or data operation).
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-18 Specified measurement parameter and saved data Measurement parameter Trace A Trace B Data Real Data Imag Data Trace Real Data Trace Imag Data Real Data Imag Data Trace Real Data Trace Imag |Z|-q R X |Z| - R X q - R-X R X R - R X X - Ls-Rs R X Ls - R X Rs (R) - Ls-Q R X Ls - R X Q - Cs-Rs R X Cs - R X Rs (R) - Cs-Q R X Cs - R X Q - Cs-D R X Cs -
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Saving a data array in touchstone format You can save 4294A's data array as a file in the touchstone format, based on the 1 port model, in a storage device. Step 1. Press the [Save] key to display the save menu. Step 2. Press the STORE DEV [ ] key to display the storage device menu. Step 3. Select one of the 4294A's storage devices.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data NOTE Key Function Step keys ([][¯]) Scrolls the character entry list displayed below the string entry line. Rotary knob (m m) Moves the cursor () below the displayed character list to right and left. SELECT LETTER or [G/n] Enters the character specified with the cursor () below the character list at the position of the cursor (_) in the string entry line. Numeric keys ([0] through [9], [.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-19 Example of data saved in touchstone format 8. Analysis and Processing of Result #_KHZ_S_MA_R_50‹ 1.00000000000e-01_3.33525005034e-01_-7.73675665259e-02‹ 4.00009600000e+03_3.33353237003e-01_9.86914411187e-02‹ 8.00009200000e+03_3.33415398880e-01_1.85199186206e-01‹ 1.20000880000e+04_3.33583392524e-01_2.72698938847e-01‹ 1.60000840000e+04_3.33311851436e-01_3.00653338432e-01‹ 2.00000800000e+04_3.33375343866e-01_3.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data The second and later lines are data lines. The contents of the data lines depend on the setting in the option line. Table 8-21 Contents of data line Description First column A frequency. Its unit is kHz specified in the option line. Second column An absolute value of the S parameter. Third column A phase of the S parameter.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data The setting of the storage device you select using [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 MASS STORE [ ] is applied when using the 4294A's storage devices from the HP Instrument BASIC function, and it is different from the selection of the storage device using the STORE DEV [ ] key here. However, the storage devices themselves are common. Step 7. Press the return key to return to the save menu.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data The extension ".TIF" is automatically added to the file name of the file you saved. If you try to perform the GRAPHICS save operation for a screen such as a list sweep table and limit line table during edit with the [Save] key, pressing the [Save] key finishes the edit mode and changes the screen and you cannot save a desired display screen.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data File Select menu serve as the file names and the directory name lists (first four items in alphabetical order when there are four or more files or directories) read from the selected storage device. Step 6. When the file to be overwritten is not displayed as a softkey label, use the following method to display the file as a softkey label: • • Function Key operation Displays the previous page of the list.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data device by the STORE DEV [ ] key. To store the power as a default setting file on a floppy disk, store the file in the nonvolatile memory (flash memory) once. Then copy it onto the floppy disk by using the file utility menu displayed by [Save] - FILE UTILITIES and key operations. If the AUTOREC.STA file is present on both the floppy disk and the nonvolatile memory disk when the power is turned on, only the AUTOREC.
Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Step 5. When the file to be recalled is not displayed as a softkey label, use the following method to indicate the file as a softkey label: • • Function Key operation Displays the previous page of the list. PREV FILES Displays the next page of the list. NEXT FILES To move the directory, press the softkey of the corresponding directory name.
Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Connect a printer to the printer board located on the rear panel of the Agilent 4294A. This allows you to print a graphic representation of the measurement result, a list of the measurements, and a list of setting statuses. For the printer to be used, see Table 8-23.
Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer 1. The printing color may differ from that on the screen owing to the limitations of the ink of your printer. For the setup procedures for color on the screen, see “Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display” on page 207. NOTE The background during printing is always set to white. Step 4.
Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Step 10. Press the more 1/2 key to display the Copy Setup menu. Step 11.
Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer the Copy Data menu is also indicated.
Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Figure 8-34 List of measurement conditions Step 4. While checking the print contents displayed on the screen, select the time stamp and display/print form. Scroll the screen to check print contents. Key operation Display the next page. NEXT PAGE Display the previous page.
9. Setting/Using Control and Management Functions 9 Setting/Using Control and Management Functions This section describes how to set/use the control and management functions of the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer that are not directly related to measurements or analysis.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Re-displaying an Instrument Message Re-displaying an Instrument Message A message displayed in the instrument message area will be overwritten by the next message displayed. Also, the message currently displayed disappears when the [Entry Off] key is pressed. Follow these steps to re-display and check instrument messages previously displayed. Step 1. Press the [System] key to display the System menu. Step 2.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the Internal Clock Setting/Checking the Internal Clock The Agilent 4294A has a built-in clock that maintains the current date and time. This internal clock is used for time stamps when outputting to a printer (printing the date and time), for recording the date and time when saving internal data or HP Instrument BASIC programs to a file, and for other functions requiring date/time recording.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the Internal Clock Step 7. Press the DAY key. In the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen, a number indicating the currently set day is displayed. Below it, the currently set date (year, month, and day) is displayed in a smaller size as in Step 5. Step 8. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the “day.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the Internal Clock Steps 6 through 9. Step 5. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the “hour.” • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9]) and then press the [´1] unit key. • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. “Hour” can be set to an integer ranging from 0 through 23. Step 6.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting the Built-in Speaker (Beep Sound) Setting the Built-in Speaker (Beep Sound) The Agilent 4294A has a built-in speaker to output beep sounds. The beep sound functions are classified into the following three groups. You can set each of them on or off. Table 9-1 Beep functions of the Agilent 4294A Type Function Completion beep Sounds when storage of calibration or instrument states is completed. Warning beep Sounds when a warning message occurs.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files Managing Files The Agilent 4294A provides three types of data storage device: floppy disk drive, volatile memory disk, and nonvolatile memory disk (flash memory). This section describes how to manage data files with these devices. For how to save and recall internal data, refer to “Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data” on page 270.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files To create a new directory in a location other than the current directory, press the CHANGE DIRECTORY key to display the Filename Select menu. Step 7. Use the following softkeys to move from the current directory to the directory under which you want to create a new directory. Function Key operation Displays the previous page of the file/directory list. PREV FILES Displays the next page of the file/directory list.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files NOTE You can perform Steps 10 and 11 with the external keyboard connected to the rear panel. After entering a directory name, press the [Enter] key on the keyboard to execute creation of the directory. Copying a File Follow these steps to copy (duplicate) a file stored in any storage device of the Agilent 4294A. Step 1.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files target file as a softkey label. • • NOTE You can scroll the softkey label file/directory list by using the softkeys on the File Selection menu. Function Key operation Displays the previous page of the list. PREV FILES Displays the next page of the list. NEXT FILES To move to another directory, press the softkey of the desired directory name.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files NOTE Each of the following menus allows you to independently select a storage device. However, for each type of device, there is only a single device used commonly for all of the menu settings. • The Mass Storage menu displayed by the STORE DEV [ ] key. • The Copy Destination Device menu displayed by the DEST DEV [ ] key. • The IBASIC Mass Storage menu displayed by the key operation: [System] - IBASIC more 1/3 - MASS STORE Åm ].
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files NOTE You can perform Steps 11 and 12 with the external keyboard connected to the rear panel. After entering the filename, press the [Enter] key on the keyboard to execute the save. The same extension as that of the copy source is automatically added to the filename of the copy destination file. Deleting a File or Directory Follow these steps to delete a file or directory on a storage device of the Agilent 4294A. Step 1.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files Function Key operation Moves to the specified directory and displays the names of the files and directories under it. Directory name\ Moves to the parent directory and displays the names of the files and directories under it. ..\ Step 8. Press the softkey corresponding to the file or directory you want to delete to display the File Deletion Confirmation menu.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files In [ ] of the STORE DEV [ ] key's key label, the selected storage device is displayed. Softkey label Selected storage device STORE DEV [FLOPPY] Floppy disk drive STORE DEV [MEMORY] Volatile memory disk STORE DEV [FLASH] Nonvolatile memory disk (flash memory) Step 7. Press the FORMAT key to display the Format Confirmation menu. Step 8. Press the yes key to start the initialization of the medium of the specified storage device.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the GPIB Setting/Checking the GPIB This section describes how to set or check the interface necessary to use the Agilent 4294A's GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus). For more information on automatic measurements using the GPIB, refer to Programming Manual.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN Setting/Checking the LAN This section describes how to set or check the addresses necessary to use the Agilent 4294A's LAN (Local Area Network) functions. For more information on the use of the LAN, refer to the Programming Manual. Setting/Checking the IP Address Follow these steps to set or check the IP (Internet Protocol) address. The IP address is delimited into four parts by periods; each part is independently set. Step 1.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. The 3rd part of the IP address can be set to an integer ranging from 0 through 255. Step 9. Press the 4th key. In the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen, the 4th part of the IP address (current set value) is displayed.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN Step 5. Press the 2nd key. In the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen, the 2nd part of the gateway address (current set value) is displayed. Below it, the entire currently set IP address is displayed in a smaller size. Step 6. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the 2nd part of the gateway address.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN Setting/Checking the Subnet Mask Follow these steps to set or check the subnet mask. The subnet mask is delimited into four parts by periods; each part is independently set. Step 1. Press the [Local] key to display the Local menu. Step 2. Press the SUBNET MASK key to display the Subnet Mask Setting menu. Step 3. Press the 1st key.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN Step 10. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the 4th part of the subnet mask. • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9]) and then press the [´1] unit key. • Turn the rotary knob (m) until the desired value is set. • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. The 4th part of the subnet mask can be set to an integer ranging from 0 through 255. Step 11.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Checking the Firmware Version Checking the Firmware Version You can check the version of the installed firmware (a built-in program to control the Agilent 4294A) by either of the following two methods. Checking by Key Operation Step 1. Press the [System] key to display the System menu. Step 2. Press the DIAGNOSTIC TEST key to display the Self-Diagnosis menu. Step 3. Press the FIRMWARE REVISION key.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A The Agilent 4294A has a built-in self-test function to confirm whether it is operating normally. This self-diagnosis consists of three test groups: “internal tests,” “external tests,” and “display tests.” This section describes how to automatically execute the “internal tests” in a batch process that does not need special tools and is easy to perform.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A currently selected test item is displayed in the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen. Step 3. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the test number for the item whose result you want to check. • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ([0] to [9]) and then press the [´1] unit key.
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A 322 Chapter 9
10 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics 10.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Specifications describe the instrument's warranted performance over the temperature range of 0°C to 40°C (except as noted). Supplemental performance characteristics are intended to provide information that is useful for applying non-warranted performance parameters to the instrument. Such parameters are denoted as SPC (supplemental performance characteristics), typical, or nominal.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics NOTE at four-terminal pair port of the 4294A or 7-mm port of the 42942A ± [(10 + 0.05 ´ f)% + 1 mV] (at 23 ± 5°C) at measurement port of the 42941A, 16048G/H ± [(15 + 0.1 ´ f)% + 1 mV] (at 23 ± 5°C) f: frequency [MHz]. These characteristics apply when an OPEN is connected to each port. Test signal level should be £ 0.5 Vrms when the measured impedance is £ 50 W.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Signal Level Monitor Voltage range (same as the voltage signal level setting range) Voltage monitor accuracy at four-terminal pair port of the 4294A or 7-mm port of the 42942A ± (10 + 0.05 ´ f + 100/Zx) [%] (at 23 ± 5°C, typical) at measurement port of the 42941A, 16048G/H ± (10 + 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Range 0 to ± 40 V (see Figure 10-1) Resolution 1 mV Accuracy ± [0.5% + (5 + Zd ´ |Imon|) mV] (at 23 ± 5°C, typical) ± [1.0% + (10 + Zd ´ |Imon|) mV] (beyond 23 ± 5°C, typical) dc current bias at constant current mode Range 0 to ± 100 mA (see Figure 10-1) Resolution 40 mA Accuracy ± [1% + (0.5 + |Vmon|/10000) mA] (at 23 ± 5°C, typical) ± [2% + (1.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-1 dc Bias Range (SPC) Sweep Characteristics Available sweep parameters Frequency, signal voltage, signal current, dc bias voltage, dc bias current Sweep types Linear, log1, list1, zero-span, manual Manual sweep Available for all sweep types Sweep directions Up-sweep, down-sweep Number of measurement points 2 to 801 List Sweep Available setup parameters for each segment Sweep frequency range, number of me
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Measurement Time Figure 10-2 Measurement Time (SPC) NOTE When the 42941A Impedance Probe or the 42942A Terminal Adapter is used, measurement time is 1.5 times longer than the value shown in Figure 10-2.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Averaging factor 1 to 256 (integer) Adapter Setup Adapter Selection NONE No adapter (the 16047E or other direct connection type test fixture) is connected 4TP 1M Four-terminal pair 1 m (16048G) 4TP 2M Four-terminal pair 2 m (16048H) 7-mm 42942A Terminal Adapter (42942A) PROBE 42941A Impedance Probe (42941A) Calibration Calibration User calibration Calibration performed with user-defined calibration kit (OPEN, SHO
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics 3.5-mm port of the 42941A Impedance Probe Within ± 5°C from the adapter setup temperature. Measurement accuracy applies when the adapter setup is performed at 23 ± 5°C. When the adapter setup is performed beyond 23 ± 5°C, the measurement accuracy decreases to half the value described. Measurement terminal of the 16048G or 16048H Within ± 5°C from the adapter setup temperature.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at Qx £ 10 (Dx ³ 0.1) at Qx > 10 (Dx < 0.1) 2 Q x ´ E ( 1 + D x ) ¤ 100 ± -----------------------------------------------------------1+ Q x ´ E ( 1 + D x ) ¤ 100 Q x2 ´ E ¤ 100 ± -------------------------------------- Q ´ E ¤ 100 1+ x G accuracy at Dx > 0.1 at Dx £ 0.1 NOTE 1 + D x2 ± E ´ -------------------- [%] Dx ± E ¤ D x [%] Dx: measurement value of D. Qx: measurement value of Q. Da: measurement accuracy of D.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at oscillator level > 64 mV, £ 125 mV 125 0.03 ´ æ ---------- – 1ö è V mV ø at oscillator level £ 64 mV 64 - ö æ --------– 1 ´ ( 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics KBW = at measurement BW = 5 1 at measurement BW = 4 1 at measurement BW = 3 frequency £ 1 MHz 3 frequency > 1 MHz 4 at measurement BW = 2 frequency £ 1 MHz 4 frequency > 1 MHz 5 at measurement BW = 1 frequency £ 1 MHz 6 frequency > 1 MHz 10 YODC = at dc bias range = 1 mA 0 [S] at dc bias range = 10 mA 1 [mS] at dc bias range = 100 mA 10 [mS] EPL [%] = when 16048G is used f 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics f: frequency in MHz. VmV: oscillator level in mV. Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 7-mm Port of the 42942A Equation 10-2 shows the impedance measurement accuracy [%] at the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at oscillator level £ 125 mV 125 ---------V mV EPBW [%] = at measurement BW = 5 0 at measurement BW = 4 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.03 frequency < 50 kHz 0.06 at measurement BW = 3 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.1 frequency < 50 kHz 0.2 at measurement BW = 2 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.2 frequency < 50 kHz 0.4 at measurement BW = 1 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.4 frequency < 50 kHz 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Equation 10-3 Impedance Measurement Accuracy [%] at 3.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.03 frequency < 50 kHz 0.06 at measurement BW = 3 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.1 frequency < 50 kHz 0.2 at measurement BW = 2 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.2 frequency < 50 kHz 0.4 at measurement BW = 1 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.4 frequency < 50 kHz 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at frequency £ 1 MHz <5 at frequency > 1 MHz, £ 5 MHz f 30 ´ --5 at frequency > 5 MHz, £ 30 MHz at frequency > 30 MHz f 50 + 150 ´ -----30 200 Residual part NOTE Residual impedance f 5 ´ --------- [mW/°C] 100 Residual admittance f --------- [mS/°C] 100 f: frequency in MHz. These characteristics apply when the temperature of the probe, for a length of 30 cm from the tip, is changed. 339 10.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Parameters Yo , Ep , and Zs Figure 10-3 Parameters Yo , Ep , and Zs 340 Chapter 10
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Examples of Calculated Impedance Measurement Accuracy Figure 10-4 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at Four-terminal Pair Port of Agilent 4294A’s Front Panel (Oscillator Level = 0.5 Vrms) 341 10.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-5 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 7-mm Port of 42942A Terminal Adapter Connected to the Agilent 4294A (Oscillator Level = 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-6 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 3.5-mm port of 42941A Impedance Probe Connected to the Agilent 4294A (Oscillator Level = 0.5 Vrms) 343 10.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Display Functions Display Size/Type 8.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Equivalent Circuit Analysis Circuit models 3-component model (4 models), 4-component model (1 model) Analysis types Equivalent circuit parameters calculation, frequency characteristics simulation Limit Line Test Available setup parameters for each segment Sweep start value, sweep stop value, upper limit (middle value) and lower limit (delta limit) for sweep start, upper limit (middle value) and lower limit (delta limit)
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics GPIB Standard conformity IEEE 448.1-1987, IEEE 488.2-1987, IEC 625, JIS C 1901-1987 Available functions (function code)1 SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C1, C2, C3, C4, C11, E2 Numeric data transfer formats ASCII, 32- or 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point format, DOS PC format (32-bit IEEE reversed byte order) 1. See the standard’s documentation for a description of each code.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Number of I/O bits 8 bits for input or output, 16s bit for output Pin Assignment (see Figure 10-8 and Table 10-1) Figure 10-8 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Table 10-1 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Pin No.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Table 10-1 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Pin No.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics General Characteristics External Reference Input Frequency 10 MHz ± 10 ppm (typical) Level - 5 dBm to + 5 dBm (typical) Input impedance 50 W (nominal) Connector type BNC (female) Internal Reference Output Frequency 10 MHz (nominal) Level 0 dBm (typical) Output impedance 50 W (nominal) Connector type BNC (female) High Stability Frequency Reference Output (Option 1D5) Frequency 10 MHz (nominal) Level 0 dBm
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-9 Required Pulse Width (Tp) for External Trigger Input External Program RUN/CONT Input Level TTL Connector type BNC (female) External Monitor Output Connector type D-SUB, 15-pin HD Display resolution (pixels) 640 ´ 480 (VGA) Operating Conditions Temperature Disk drive non-operating condition 0°C to 40°C Disk drive operating condition 10°C to 40°C Humidity (at wet bulb temperature £ 29°C, without conde
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Non-operating Conditions Temperature - 20°C to + 60°C Humidity (at wet bulb temperature £ 45°C, without condensation) 15% to 95% RH Altitude 0 m to 4,572 m Other Specifications EMC · EN 55011(1991) / CISPR 11(1990) Group 1, Class A · EN 50082-1(1992) / IEC 61000-4-2(1995) 4 kV CD, 8 kV AD · EN 50082-1(1992) / IEC 61000-4-3(1995) 3 V/m, 27 MHz - 1 GHz · EN 50082-1(1992) / IEC 61000-4-4(1995) 0.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-10 Dimensions (front view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) Figure 10-11 Dimensions (rear view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) 352 Chapter 10
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-12 Dimensions (side view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) 353 10.
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Furnished Accessories Furnished Accessories Agilent Part Number1 Description Qty 04294-900x0 Operation Manual2 1 04294-900x1 Programming Manual2 1 E2083-90005 HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook2 1 04294-901x0 Service Manual3 1 04294-180x0 Sample Program Disk (3.
A. Manual Changes A Manual Changes This appendix contains the information required to adapt this manual to versions or configurations of the Agilent 4294A earlier than the current printing date of this manual. The information in this manual applies directly to an Agilent 4294A with a serial number prefix that is listed on the title page of this manual.
Manual Changes Manual Changes To adapt this manual to your 4294A, refer to Table A-1 and Table A-2. Table A-1 Manual Changes by Serial Number Serial Prefix or Number Table A-2 Make Manual Changes Manual Changes by Firmware Version Version Make Manual Changes 1.10 Agilent Technologies uses a two-part, ten-character serial number that is stamped on the serial number plate (see Figure A-1). The first five characters are the serial prefix and the last five digits are the suffix.
Change 1 The firmware before the revision 1.0x does not support the following function. • Saving the internal data in the touchstone format. Change to the revision 1.0x Chapter 8 , “Analysis and Processing of Result,” on page 211 Delete the following section • “Saving a data array in touchstone format” on page 285 • “Using a file saved in touchstone format” on page 286 Table B-105 on page 421 Modify as follows.
Manual Changes Change to the revision 1.0x Miscellaneous Changes The option system of the 4294A has changed since February 2003. Apply the following changes.
B. Key Definitions B Key Definitions This chapter describes the functions of the front keys (both hardkeys and softkeys) of the Agilent 4294A.
Key Definitions Functions of hardkeys Functions of hardkeys This section describes the function and corresponding GPIB command for each hardkey. Table B-1 ACTIVE TRACE key Hardkey Function GPIB command [A] Trace A is selected as the active trace. Changes the configurations to trace A (for example, when |Z|-q are selected as measurement parameters, the trace of |Z| is selected). This selection is available only for functions where trace A and trace B can be set independently.
Key Definitions Functions of hardkeys Table B-4 MARKER block Hardkey Function GPIB command Displays the marker at the sweep center value position if it has not been displayed and lets you enter a sweep parameter value that specifies a marker position. Also displays Table B-58, “Marker (Marker) menu,” on page 392.
Key Definitions Functions of hardkeys Table B-6 ENTRY block Hardkey Function GPIB command [Back Space] Moves the cursor one space back and deletes the character to the left of the cursor. If you make a mistake in entering a value through the numeric keys, you can use this key to correct your entry. (N/A) [0] to [9], [.], [-] (numeric key) Use these keys to enter each numeral that makes up your entry. Press a unit key to put your entered value into effect.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] key Table B-7 Key operation: Measurement parameter (Measurement) menu (1/3) [Meas] Softkey Function GPIB command Selects impedance absolute value and impedance phase as measurement parameters. The 1st parameter on the softkey label (in this case, |Z|) is assigned to trace A; the 2nd parameter (in this case, q), to trace B.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] key Table B-9 Key operation: Measurement parameter (Measurement) menu (3/3) [Meas] - more 1/3 - more 2/3 Softkey Function GPIB command COMPLEX Z-Y | Selects complex impedance (Z) and complex admittance (Y) as measurement parameters. If these parameters are selected, the graph is displayed in the complex plane or polar coordinates (selected using Table B-12, “Format (Format) menu (2),” on page 365).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] key Table B-11 Format (Format) menu (1) Key operation: [Format]1 Softkey Function GPIB command Selects the linear scale as the vertical axis (Y axis) for the graph. FMT LINY LOG Selects the log (logarithm) scale as the vertical axis (Y axis) for the graph. FMT LOGY PHASE UNIT [ ] Toggles the phase display unit between degree [DEG] and radian [RAD] each time this key is pressed.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-13 Display (Display) menu (1/2) Key operation: [Display] Softkey Function GPIB command SPLIT on OFF Toggles on and off the trace split display. When the split display is on, the scale is horizontally divided into two parts on the screen; trace A is displayed in the upper half, trace B in the lower half.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-15 Trace definition (Define Trace) menu Key operation: [Display] - DEF TRACE[ ] Softkey Function GPIB command DATA | For the current active trace (A or B), stores the measured data into the data trace MEMORY | For the current active trace (A or B), displays the memory trace on the screen1. Before selecting this key, you must store data into the memory trace.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-17 Title menu Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - TITLE Softkey Function GPIB command SELECT LETTER Enters the character at the character selection cursor (), which has been selected with the arrow keys ([] or [¯]) and the rotary knob, at the position of the cursor (_) on the string entry line and moves the cursor to the right by 1 character.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-19 Equivalent circuit selection (Select Circ) menu Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - EQUIV CKT - SELECT CIRCUIT Softkey Function GPIB command Selects equivalent circuit A. Equivalent circuit A is generally suitable for the equivalent circuit analysis of inductors with high core loss. EQUC CIRA B | Selects equivalent circuit B.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-21 Display allocation (Disp Alloc) menu Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - ALLOCATION Softkey Function GPIB command HALF INSTR HALF BASIC | Uses the upper half of the screen as the instrument screen1 and the lower half as ALL BASIC | Uses the entire screen as the HP Instrument BASIC screen2.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-23 Item color modification (Color Item) menu (1/3) Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - MODIFY COLOR - MODIFY ITEM COLOR Softkey Function GPIB command Selects the trace B memory trace, scale reference lines, and limit lines as the display items that can be changed with the MODIFY COLOR key. COLO TRBM GRATICULE Selects the graph grid as the display item that can be changed with the MODIFY COLOR key.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-25 Key operation: Item color modification (Color Item) menu (3/3) [Display] - more 1/2 - MODIFY COLOR - MODIFY ITEM COLOR - more 1/3 - more 2/3 Softkey Function GPIB command PEN 4 | Selects PEN 41 as the display item that can be changed with the MODIFY COLOR key. COLO PEN4 PEN 5 | Selects PEN 51 as the display item that can be changed with the MODIFY COLOR key.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Table B-27 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-1/2) Key operation: [Scale Ref]1 Softkey Function GPIB command For the selected trace (data trace/memory trace of trace A/B), executes automatic scale adjustment based on the trace data when the key is pressed.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Table B-28 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-2/2) Key operation: [Scale Ref] - more1/2 Softkey Function more 2/2 Displays Table B-27, “Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-1/2),” on page 373.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Table B-30 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (3) Key operation: [Scale Ref]1 Softkey Function D&M COUPLE ON OFF When both the data trace and the memory trace are displayed on the screen, selects performing the scale configurations in this menu for both the data trace and the memory trace together (couple on) or for each of them separately (couple off). GPIB command SCAC {ON|OFF} Table B-31 B. Key Definitions 1.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key Table B-32 Measurement bandwidth/averaging (Bw/Average) menu Key operation: [Bw/Avg] Softkey Function GPIB command BANDWIDTH [ ] ä Displays Table B-33, “Measurement bandwidth (Bandwidth) configuration menu,” on page 376. In [ ], the currently selected measurement bandwidth is displayed.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key Table B-33 Key operation: Measurement bandwidth (Bandwidth) configuration menu [Bw/Avg] - BAND WIDTH [ ] [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT/ADD - more 1/3 - more 2/3 - BAND WIDTH [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Selects 3 as the measurement bandwidth (during list sweep segment edit, sets the measurement bandwidth of the segment to 3).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Table B-34 Calibration (Calibration) menu Key operation: [Cal] Softkey Function GPIB command ADAPTER [ ] ä Displays Table B-35, “Adapter configuration (Adapter) menu,” on page 378. In [ ] of the softkey label, the currently selected adapter configuration is displayed. (N/A) FIXTURE COMPEN ä Displays Table B-37, “Fixture compensation (Fixture Comp) menu,” on page 380.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Table B-35 Key operation: Adapter configuration (Adapter) menu [Cal] - ADAPTER [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Displays Table B-36, “Adapter setup (Adapter Setup) menu,” on page 379. If you select an adapter configuration corresponding to a key other than the NONE key (HP 16047E test fixture, etc.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Table B-37 Fixture compensation (Fixture Comp) menu Key operation: [Cal] - FIXTURE COMPEN Softkey Function GPIB command OPEN on OFF Validates/invalidates (turns on/off) the OPEN correction of the fixture compensation for measurements. If the measurement of the OPEN data using the OPEN key and the storage of the compensation coefficient have not been performed, this key cannot be toggled on and off.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Table B-39 User calibration (User Cal) menu Key operation: [Cal] - USER CAL Softkey Function GPIB command Toggles on and off applying the user calibration to measurements. The user calibration is done by using a user’s unique calibration kit (OPEN, SHORT, LOAD) whose values are defined by the user. If you use the calibration kit attached to the 4294A or its accessories, this user calibration function is not used.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key 1. Though the softkey labels are the same as those in Table B-38, “Calibration data definition (Define Value) menu,” on page 380, the set values are saved separately. Table B-42 Port extension (Prt Extension) menu Key operation: [Cal] - PORT EXTENSION Softkey Function GPIB command EXTENSION on OFF Toggles on and off the port extension compensation.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-43 Sweep (Sweep) menu Key operation: [Sweep] Softkey Function GPIB command Displays Table B-44, “Sweep parameter (Sweep Param) menu,” on page 383. In [ ] of the softkey label, the currently selected sweep parameter is displayed (frequency sweep [FREQ], signal level sweep [OLEV], or dc bias sweep [DCB]).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-44 Key operation: Sweep parameter (Sweep Param) menu [Sweep] - PARAMETER [ ] Softkey return Function Returns to Table B-43, “Sweep (Sweep) menu,” on page 383. Table B-45 Key operation: GPIB command (N/A) Sweep time (Sweep Time) menu [Sweep] - TIME Softkey Function GPIB command SWEEP TIME Sets sweep time. SWET POINT DELAY Sets the measurement start delay time for each measurement point.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-47 List sweep (List Sweep) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST Softkey Function GPIB command Sets the pen number for the trace of the list sweep segment specified by the pointer (>). There are six graphics pens that have different colors. See Table B-24, “Item color modification (Color Item) menu (2/3),” on page 371, or Table B-25, “Item color modification (Color Item) menu (3/3),” on page 371 to modify each pen color.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-49 Segment edit (Edit Segment) menu (2/3) Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT - more 1/3 [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - ADD - more 1/3 Softkey Function GPIB command BIAS MODE [ ] ä Displays Table B-51, “DC bias mode (DC Bias Mode) menu,” on page 387. In [ ] of the softkey label, the currently selected dc bias mode (voltage mode: [VOLT] or current mode: [CURR]) is displayed.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-51 DC bias mode (DC Bias Mode) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT - more 1/3 - BIAS MODE [ ] [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - ADD - more 1/3 - BIAS MODE [ ] [Source] - more 1/2 - MODE [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Selects the voltage source as the dc bias source configuration. DCMOD VOLT CURRENT | Selects the current source as the dc bias source configuration.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Source] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Source] key Table B-53 Source oscillator (Source Osc) menu Key operation: [Source] Softkey Function GPIB command FREQUENCY Sets the fixed oscillator frequency (CW frequency) when performing sweeps with a parameter other than frequency. CWFREQ LEVEL Sets the fixed oscillator level when performing sweeps with a parameter other than oscillator level.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Source] key Table B-55 Key operation: DC bias range (DC Bias Range) menu [Source] - BIAS MENU - MEAS RANGE [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Selects < 10 mA (less than 10 mA) as the dc bias range1. DCRNG M10 100mA Selects < 100 mA (less than 100 mA) as the dc bias range1. DCRNG M100 return Returns to Table B-54, “DC bias (Source Bias) menu,” on page 388. (N/A) B. Key Definitions 10mA | 1.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Trigger] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Trigger] key Table B-56 Trigger (Trigger) menu Key operation: [Trigger] Softkey Function GPIB command HOLD | Selects the sweep stop. The status indication area at the left side of the screen shows “Hld.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Trigger] key Table B-57 Key operation: Trigger source (Trig source) menu [Trigger] - SOURCE [ ] Softkey return Function Returns to Table B-56, “Trigger (Trigger) menu,” on page 390. GPIB command (N/A) B.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Table B-58 Marker (Marker) menu Key operation: [Marker] Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ON off Toggles on and off all the markers displayed on the screen. The markers include main marker (marker number: 0), sub markers (marker number: 1 - 7), and delta marker (D). Even if you turn off the markers using this key, their states at the on status are stored.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Table B-59 Sub marker configuration (Set SMKR) menu Key operation: [Marker] - SUB MKR Softkey Function GPIB command 6: OFF For sub marker 6, executes the same operation as the above key for sub marker 1. SMKR6 ON 7: OFF For sub marker 7, executes the same operation as the above key for sub marker 1. SMKR7 ON return Returns to Table B-58, “Marker (Marker) menu,” on page 392.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Table B-61 Delta marker (Delta MKR) menu Key operation: [Marker] - DMODE MENU Softkey Function GPIB command DMKR STIMULUS For the selected D marker (D marker, fixed D marker, or tracking D marker), sets the position in a stimulus value (sweep parameter value).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] key Table B-62 Marker® (Marker ®/Zoom) menu (1/2) Key operation: [Marker®] Softkey Function GPIB command Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) into the sweep start value. In other words, the sweep range is changed by using the marker position as the new sweep start value.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] key Table B-63 Marker® (Marker ®/Zoom) menu (2/2) Key operation: [Marker®] - more 1/2 Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ZOOM Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) into the sweep center value and simultaneously changes the current sweep span value to the sweep span value specified with the ZOOMING APERTURE key.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-64 Search (Search) menu Key operation: [Search] Softkey Function Moves the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) to the maximum MIN | Moves the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) to the minimum TARGET ä | Moves the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) to the position of the PEAK ä SEAM MAX B.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-65 Target (Target) menu Key operation: [Search] - TARGET Softkey Function TARGET VALUE Sets the destination where the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) GPIB command SEATARG will be moved as the measurement parameter value of the trace1 (sets the target value). After the value is entered, the main marker moves to the position of the measurement parameter value.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-66 Peak (Peak) menu Key operation: [Search] - PEAK Softkey Function GPIB command SUB MKR ä Displays Table B-59, “Sub marker configuration (Set SMKR) menu,” on page 392. (N/A) return Displays Table B-64, “Search (Search) menu,” on page 397. (N/A) Table B-67 B. Key Definitions 1. If COMPLEX Z-Y has been selected as the measurement parameter, this is the primary measurement parameter value.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-68 Trace bandwidth analysis definition (Widths Def) menu Key operation: [Search] - WIDTHS DEF MENU Softkey Function GPIB command MKRVAL¤(Ö2) | Uses the value obtained by dividing the measurement parameter value at the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) by Ö2 as the value of the cutoff point for trace bandwidth search.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-69 Search range (Search Rng) menu (1) Key operation: [Search] - SEARCH RANGE MENU1 Softkey Function GPIB command Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) into the partial search range upper limit. In other words, the sweep range is changed using the current position of the main marker as the new partial search range upper limit.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] key Table B-71 Utility (Utility) menu Key operation: [Utility] Softkey Function GPIB command MKR LIST on OFF Toggles on and off the marker list function. This function displays the list of the sweep parameter values and measurement parameter values of all markers (main marker, sub markers, D marker).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] key Table B-73 Key operation: Level monitor (Level Mon) menu [Utility] - LEVEL MON [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Turns off the marker level monitor function. Usual markers are displayed. MKRMON OFF AC-V | Displays the voltage value of the test signal at the marker position on the current active trace (A or B) in the upper right area of the screen.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-74 System (System) menu Key operation: [System] Softkey Function GPIB command IBASIC ä Displays Table B-75, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (1/3),” on page 404.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-75 HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (1/3) Key operation: [System] - IBASIC Softkey Function more 1/3 Displays Table B-76, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (2/3),” on page 405. Table B-76 GPIB command (N/A) HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (2/3) [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 Softkey CAT B. Key Definitions Key operation: Function Enters CAT in the HP Instrument BASIC command line1.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-76 HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (2/3) Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 Softkey Function more 2/3 Displays Table B-77, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (3/3),” on page 406. GPIB command (N/A) 1. Before displaying the result in the command line, you must select the BASIC STATUS key, HALF INSTR HALF BASIC key, or ALL BASIC key in Table B-21, “Display allocation (Disp Alloc) menu,” on page 369. 2.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-78 IBASIC edit (Editor) menu Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - Edit Softkey Function GPIB command Inserts OUTPUT @Hp4294 TO 800 at the current cursor position. (N/A) ENTER @Hp4294 Inserts ASSIGN @Hp4294 TO 800 at the current cursor position. (N/A) END Inserts END at the current cursor position. (N/A) GOTO LINE Enters ENTER LINE NUMBER/LABEL? in the HP Instrument BASIC command line.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-80 IBASIC command name (Command Name) menu Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 - more 2/3 - COMMAND ENTRY Softkey Function GPIB command CLEAR NAME Deletes all entered characters. (N/A) done Finishes the entry of characters and executes the entered command. (N/A) cancel Cancels the entry of characters and returns to Table B-77, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (3/3),” on page 406.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-83 Key operation: Limit line edit (Edit Limit) menu [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE Softkey Function GPIB command From the limit line table, specifies a segment number to be edited. The currently specified segment is indicated by the pointer (>) on the table. You can change the specified segment number using the ENTRY block keys (numeric key, rotary knob, [][¯] keys) on the front panel.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-84 Key operation: Segment edit (Edit Limit) menu (1/3) [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - EDIT [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - ADD Softkey MIDDLE VALUE Function Sets the limit center value of the measured value at the sweep start point of the GPIB command LIMVSTAR segment1. When setting the center value, also set the difference value (difference between upper and the lower limits) with the DELTA LIMIT key.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-85 Segment edit (Edit Limit) menu (2/3) Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - EDIT - more 1/3 [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - ADD - more 1/3 Softkey Function DELTA LIMIT Sets the limit center value of the measured value at the sweep stop point of the GPIB command LIMDSTOP more 2/3 Displays Table B-86, “Segment edit (Edit Limit) menu (3/3),” on page 411.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-87 List deletion (Clear List?) menu Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - CLEAR LIST Softkey Function GPIB command yes Deletes the contents of the limit line table that is being edited from the edit area.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-90 Time configuration (Set Time) menu Key operation: [System] - CLOCK - TIME Softkey Function GPIB command Sets the time (hour). MINUTE Sets the time (minute). SECOND Sets the time (second). done Finishes the time configuration and returns to Table B-89, “Internal clock (Clock) menu,” on page 412. (N/A) cancel Cancels the time configuration and returns to Table B-89, “Internal clock (Clock) menu,” on page 412.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-93 System diagnosis (Diagnosis) menu Key operation: [System] - DIAGNOSTIC TEST Softkey Function GPIB command EXTERNAL TEST | Refer to “Service Manual.” (N/A) DISPLAY TEST Refer to “Service Manual.” (N/A) MAC ADDRESS Displays the MAC address assigned to this Agilent 4294A on the screen. A unique MAC address is assigned to each instrument. The MAC address cannot be changed.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Local] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Local] key Table B-94 Local (Local) menu Key operation: [Local] Softkey Function GPIB command Sets this instrument as the system controller when it is used in a GPIB system. This mode can only be selected by manual operation with the SYSTEM CONTROLLER key. Only one system controller can exist on each GPIB system.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Local] key Table B-95 Key operation: LAN address (LAN Address) menu [Local] - IP ADDRESS [Local] - GATEWAY ADDRESS [Local] - SUBNET MASK Softkey cancel Function Cancels setting the IP address, gateway address, or subnet address specified with the above keys and returns to Table B-94, “Local (Local) menu,” on page 415.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-98 Copy (Copy) menu Key operation: [Copy] Softkey Function GPIB command Starts printing the measurement graph displayed on the screen with the printer connected to the printer parallel port on the rear panel.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-100 Copy configuration (Copy Setup) menu (2/2) Key operation: [Copy] - SETUP - more 1/2 Softkey Function GPIB command LANDSCAPE on OFF Toggles on and off the print mode for using forms in the horizontal orientation (landscape). If your printer does not support landscape orientation, this setting is invalid.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-102 Copy data (Copy Contents) menu Key operation: [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - LIST VALUE [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - OPERATING PARAMETERS [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - CAL KIT VALUE [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - COMPEN KIT VALUE Softkey Function GPIB command Prints the information (measured value list, operating parameter, or calibration kit value) displayed on the screen with the printer connected to the printer parallel port on the rear p
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-104 Limit test segment copy start (Copy Contents) menu Key operation: [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - LIMIT TEST SEGMENTS Softkey Function GPIB command START Prints the limit line table displayed on the screen with the printer connected to the printer parallel port on the rear panel.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-105 Save (Save) menu Key operation: [Save] Softkey Selects storage of the configuration states and internal data array of the Agilent GPIB command SAVDSTA B. Key Definitions STATE ä Function 4294A and displays Table B-106, “Filename entry (File Name) menu,” on page 421.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-106 Filename entry (File Name) menu Key operation: [Save] - STATE [Save] - DATA - BINARY/ASCII [Save] - GRAPHICS [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - CREATE DIRECTORY Softkey Function GPIB command done Using the entered string as the filename, executes storing states, data, or graphics. When creating a directory, a directory having the entered string is created.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-109 Power-on configuration save (Save config?) menu Key operation: [Save] - POWER ON CONFIG Softkey Function GPIB command Stores the current configuration of the Agilent 4294A as the configuration at power-on (power-on configuration). Also, returns to Table B-105, “Save (Save) menu,” on page 421. (N/A) cancel Cancels the storage of the power-on configuration and returns to Table B-105, “Save (Save) menu,” on page 421. (N/A) B.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-111 File selection (Select File) menu Key operation: [System] - PROGRAM MENU [Save] - RE-SAVE FILE [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - PURGE FILE/ CHANGE DIRECTORY/ COPY FILE Softkey Function GPIB command (filename) For the program menu ([System] - PROGRAM MENU), this key immediately executes the program having the specified filename.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-113 Format confirmation (Format Media?) menu Key operation: [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - FORMAT Softkey Function GPIB command Starts the initialization of the mass storage (disk) specified with the STORE DEV [ ] key in Table B-110, “File utility (File Utility) menu,” on page 423. Executing the initialization of the mass storage (disk) deletes all files on the disk.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-115 Copy destination device (Dest Device) menu Key operation: [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - COPY FILE - (filename) - DEST DEV [ ] Softkey return Function Returns to Table B-114, “Copy destination filename (Dest File) menu,” on page 425. GPIB command (N/A) 1.
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] key Table B-116 Recall (Select File) menu Key operation: [Recall] Softkey Function GPIB command This key loads the specified state file and uses the instrument configuration states stored in the file (including the internal data array).
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] key 428 Appendix B
C. Error messages C Error messages The Agilent 4294A provides error messages to indicate its operating status. This appendix describes the error messages of the Agilent 4294A. Error messages are outputted on the LCD or through the GPIB. This section gives a description of each error message and how it should be handled.
Error messages ADC OVERLOAD NOTE If an error with a positive error number occurs, only its error message is displayed on the LCD following the string of “CAUTION:” (in this case, its error number is not displayed). On the other hand, if an error with a negative error number occurs, “CAUTION: HP-IB error occurred” is always displayed on the LCD. When error messages are outputted through GP-IB, their error number and error message are outputted for all errors (“CAUTION:” is not added).
Error messages Block data error memory (SRAM), which stores user calibration data, fixture compensation data, GP-IB address, IP address, and so on. This is caused by the battery used for backup being drained. To again enable the battery-powered backup memory, turn on the power and keep the device on for approximately 10 minutes to charge the battery completely. -160 Block data error An error not described by error numbers from -161 to -169 occurs during the syntax analysis of block data.
Error messages CALIBRATION NOT USABLE four-terminal pair extension. 12 CALIBRATION NOT USABLE A command to execute data measurement for unnecessary (not allowed) calibration (user calibration or fixture compensation) for the current adapter selection is sent. The command is invalid.
Error messages CAN'T SAVE GRAPHICS WHEN COPY IN PROGRESS the minimum frequency and the maximum frequency, respectively, within all segments) with the LIST SPAN [ ] key or the LISPAN SINGLE command and, as a result, the command is ignored. When executing the list sweep when the sweep span of each segment is set to zero, the list sweep span is automatically set to the segment span and cannot be changed.
Error messages Data out of memory The data may be invalid. Otherwise, a newly initiated read operation may not have been completed since the latest access. -225 Data out of memory The Agilent 4294A does not have enough memory to perform the requested operation. -222 Data out of range A data element (that did not violate the standard) out of the range defined by the Agilent 4294A is received. -231 Data questionable Data may be questionable, and so the accuracy of measurement data may be deteriorated.
Error messages EEPROM WRITE FAIL E 194 EEPROM WRITE FAIL A write error is detected in the memory (EEPROM) to store the OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD data for the four-terminal pair extension setting. Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office or the company you purchased this instrument from. -200 Execution error A comprehensive execution error occurs and the Agilent 4294A cannot detect further details of the error.
Error messages FREQUENCY SWEEP ONLY When a measurement parameter other than COMPLEX Z-Y (i.e., scalar parameter measurement) is selected, you attempt to select a display format not available for the measurement parameter, for example, the complex plane display format (command: FMT COMP), and, as a result, the command is ignored.
Error messages Init ignored The variable name is illegal. This message is displayed when you attempt to refer to a variable that does not exist. -213 Init ignored Another measurement is being executed, so the measurement start request is ignored. 141 INSUFFICIENT MEMORY Multiple processes are executed at the same time and the memory is exhausted, which causes the last process to be aborted.
Error messages Invalid string data The parser (syntax analysis program) expects a separator, but a character other than a separator is sent. For example, although “;” should be used to separate two sent program messages such as “MEAS IRIM;FMT LOGY”, the semicolon (;) for separating the program messages is missing as “MEAS IRIM FMT LOGY”. -151 Invalid string data Character string data is expected but the given string data are invalid for some reason. (Refer to IEEE488.2,7.7.5.2.
Error messages Memory error and a floppy disk is write-protected. If necessary, disable the write-protection of the floppy disk. -311 Memory error An error is detected in the memory of the Agilent 4294A. 34 MEMORY TRACE NOT ACTIVE Although no data is stored in the memory trace, you attempt to execute a command (DISP MEMO, DMNM, and so on) that uses the memory trace. Therefore, the command is invalid. First, use the DATMEM command and store data in the memory trace.
Error messages NO STATE/DATA FILES ON MEMORY softkey labels with the recall ([Recall]) key, file re-save (RE-SAVE FILE) key, file deletion (PURGE FILE) key, directory change (CHANGE DIRECTORY) key, or file copy (COPY FILE) key, no file or directory corresponding to the execution of the key is on the floppy disk.
Error messages OSC LEVEL MONITOR NOT VALID O 140 OSC LEVEL MONITOR NOT VALID When the oscillator level monitor is not on, you attempt to execute a command to turn on the marker’s ac voltage level monitor or the marker’s ac current level monitor (MKRMON ACV or MKRMON ACI) and, as a result, the command is ignored. Before turning on the marker’s ac voltage level monitor or the marker’s ac current level monitor, turn on the ac bias level monitor (command: OMON ON).
Error messages Program mnemonic too long An error occurred in a downloaded program. A program error other than -281 to -289 occurred. -112 Program mnemonic too long The length of the header exceeds 12 characters. (Refer to IEEE488.2,7.6.1.4.1.)) -286 Program runtime error An error occurs while an HP Instrument BASIC program is being executed. To obtain detailed information on the particular error, use the ERRM$ or ERRM command of HP Instrument BASIC.
Error messages REDUCE OSC LEVEL error occurs, for example, when data in a file to be read out is destroyed or when an extension for a file name does not match with the contents of the file. 134 REDUCE OSC LEVEL The oscillator level is considerably higher than the measured |Z| (absolute value of impedance) of the DUT, causing increased nonlinear measurement error that cannot be ignored. This message is displayed when the oscillator level is set to greater than 0.
Error messages Suffix not allowed A suffix error. An error other than -131 to -139 occurs in the notation of a suffix. -138 Suffix not allowed A suffix is added to a numeric value element to which no suffix should be added. -134 Suffix too long The suffix is too long. The suffix contains the notation of 12 characters or more. (Refer to IEEE488.2,7.7.3.4.) -102 Syntax error There is a command or data type that cannot be recognized.
Error messages Trigger error The received block, equation, or string type program data comply with the standard, but the amount of data exceeds the limit that the 4294A can deal with, due to memory or device-specific conditions related to memory. -210 Trigger error A trigger error. An error other than -211 to -219 has occurred.
Error messages WRONG I/O PORT DIRECTION 446 Appendix C
D. Initial Settings D Initial Settings This appendix provides initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, and settings that can be backed up.
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up The columns of Table D-1 show the following items. • Initial settings (factory settings) • Settings reset from the front panel or the GPIB by the PRES command • Settings reset from the GPIB by the *RST command • Settings that can be saved/recalled Table D-1 uses the following symbols.
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Function Setting Measurement Active trace condition Measurement parameter Initial settings (factory settings) [Preset] *RST Save/ Recall A ¬ ¬ Ö A: |Z| B: q ¬ ¬ Ö ¬ ¬ Ö ¬ ¬ Ö Linear ¬ ¬ Ö UP ¬ ¬ Ö Sweep 0 ¬ ¬ Ö Measurement point 0 ¬ ¬ Ö Start value 40 Hz ¬ ¬ Ö Stop
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings (factory settings) [Preset] *RST Save/ Recall On/Off (GPIB Command only) On ¬ ¬ Ö Backlight On/Off (GPIB Command only) On ¬ ¬ Ö Trace A/B split display Off ¬ ¬ Ö Trace definition Data ¬ ¬ Ö Accumulate display Off ¬ ¬ Ö Non-active trace display hiding Off ¬ ¬ Ö
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings (factory settings) [Preset] *RST Save/ Recall Open Off ¬ ¬ Ö Short Off ¬ ¬ Ö Function Setting Fixture On/Off compensation Load G ¬ Ö ¬ ¬ Ö C 0F ¬ ¬ Ö R 0W ¬ ¬ Ö L 0H ¬ ¬ Ö R 50 W ¬ ¬ Ö L 0H ¬ ¬ Ö Fixed ¬ ¬ Ö Data measurement point setting for
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Function Analysis Limit test Setting Equivalent circuit analysis Equivalent circuit model Equivalent circuit parameter Save/ Recall A ¬ ¬ Ö Off ¬ ¬ Ö Display Off ¬ ¬ Ö 0 ¬ ¬ Ö Value Off ¬ ¬ Ö Trace bandwidth analysis On/Off Off ¬ ¬ Ö Fixed ¬ ¬ Ö Waveform analysis (GPIB com
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Function Printer Setting Color Resolution Beep Others Initial settings (factory settings) [Preset] *RST Save/ Recall Black and White No effect ¬ Ö 75 DPI No effect ¬ Ö Backup Top margin 1 inch No effect ¬ Ö Left margin 1 inch No effect ¬ Ö Landscape printing Off No effect ¬ Ö F
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up 454 Appendix D
Index Symbols -, 56 *, 56, 57 ?, 56 Numerics [0]-[9][.
Index CW frequency, 104 D D marker mode, 56 data array data contents saved with the data save function, 280 data block, 277 data part, 277 data contents saved with the data save function, 278 data save structure of files saved in the text format, 275, 286 touchstone file, 285 data trace array data contents saved with the data save function, 281 DATE key, 301 DATE MODE [ ] key, 301 DAY key, 301 dc bias range, 108, 109 setting, 107 dc bias function, 326 DCB, 57 deleting directory, 310 file, 310 DEST DEV [ ]
Index recording medium, 311 inlet with a fuse box, 52 installation, 17 keyboard, 25 rackmount kit, 26 instrument message displaying again, 300 instrument setup part, 277 data contents saved with the data save function, 278 INSTRUMENT STATE block, 47 internal clock setting/checking, 301 internal reference output, 51, 349 internal test, 320 INTERNAL TEST key, 320 IP address setting/checking procedure, 314 IP ADDRESS key, 314 K [k/m] key, 46 key definitions, 359 keyboard installation, 25 L LAN gateway address
Index P Peak, 55 peak definition, 232 phase unit, 197 point averaging, 127 algorithm, 128 POR, 58 Por, 58 port extension compensation, 150 power cable, 21 options, 22 source requirements, 20 switch, 48 power requirement, 351 PRB, 58 [Preset] key, 48 Preset value, 448 presetting, 82 printer parallel port, 345 port, 52 printing, 294 PURGE FILE key, 310 Q quick start, 29 R rackmount kit, 26 rear panel, 50 Recall Settings that can be recalled, 448 recall, 270 [Recall] key, 48 RECALL MESSAGE key, 300 recording
Index trace bandwidth, 236 trace data data contents saved with the data save function, 279 trace math, 179 trigger event, 112 function, 329 source, 111 [Trigger] key, 46 TrkD, 56 U unit keys, 46 UNKNOWN terminals, 49 up arrow, 46 user calibration, 147 defining standard value, 148 user calibration data data contents saved with the data save function, 278 [Utility] key, 47 V V downarrow, 57 VC, 57 ventilation requirements, 28 voltage signal level, 324 W warning beep, 304 weight, 351 X [x1] key, 46 Y YEAR key
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