Certifications 2

Reference No:
Valve Regulated Lead-acid Battery
Hitachi Chemical Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.
Page 12 / 20
Date of issuing: January 01, 2020
necessarily matched results have been obtained, there is
also the positive result in chromosome analysis using
peripheral blood of workers who received the occupational
exposure of lead. However, the used method is insufficient
in most of the tests, overall it stated that it cannot be
conclusive evaluation of genotoxicity in human. Inorganic
lead compounds in MAK / BAT (2010) are classified as
germ cell mutagenicity 3A.
Carcinogenicity :
In carcinogenicity evaluation of IARC, it is classified as
Group 2A as inorganic compounds. Therefore, this
substance was classified as Category 1B of GHS
Carcinogenicity. In addition, it is classified as A3 in ACGIH
as inorganic lead compound.
Reproductive toxicity :
Although there is no data of this substance, as effect on
humans of inorganic lead compounds, an increase in the
spontaneous abortion of pregnancy before 20 weeks was
observed by a high concentration exposure of mothers in
cases or epidemiological studies.
There is description that exposure during the pregnancy is
related increased in teratogenicity, low weight newborns
and suppression of body weight gain after birth.
Although decrease in sperm count and semen volume,
morphological changes of sperm, and decreasing of sperm
motility were observed by the occupational exposure, in
most studies, it is observed dose-response relationship
between these effects and exposure concentration of lead,
and toxicity for sperm has been reported to have been
unclear.
Specific target organ toxicity
(single exposure) :
Although there is no data of this substance, neurotoxic
effect of lead is known, and receives the influence of the
lead in both the peripheral nerves and the central nervous
system. Lead encephalopathy is one of the early symptoms
of acute exposure. From also that there is a report of the
suppression of the pituitary hands and nerve conduction
velocity by the occupational exposure, it is classified as
"Category 1 of GHS specific target organ toxicity (single
exposure) (nervous system)". In high concentration acute
exposure of lead and inorganic lead compounds, it causes
dysfunction of the proximal tubule. There is the description
that it causes Fanconi syndrome (diabetes, amino acid
urine disease, phosphate urine disease and the like) as
renal symptoms of acute lead poisoning. Therefore, it was
classified as “Category 1 of GHS specific target organ
toxicity (single exposure) (kidney)”.
Moreover, lead is also known to give a change in the blood