® TM InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A Help Hot Line (U.S.
This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless.
Limited Warranty Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the following warranty).
Table of Contents SECTION 1 General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 SECTION 2 Firmware Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL 3.4.2 View Preference SECTION 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 Fusion Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.1 Expansion Hub Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.2 Expansion Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 75 Ohm Type F Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing RS-232 Serial Connector . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL 6.6.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (Over-the-Air) Systems . . 6-35 6.7 Optical Power Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36 6.8 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37 6.8.1 Uplink Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8.2 RAU Attenuation and ALC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8.2.1 Using the RAU 10 dB Attenuation Setting . . . . . . . . . 6.8.2.
CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 8 Replacing Fusion Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 8.1 Replacing an RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 8.2 Replacing a Fusion Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 8.3 Replacing a Fusion Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 SECTION 9 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 9.1 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Figures Figure 2-1 Fusion System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Figure 2-2 Three Methods for OA&M Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 Figure 2-3 System Monitoring and Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Figure 2-4 Fusion’s Double Star Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL Figure 7-10 AdminBrowser Configuration Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-32 Figure 7-11 AdminBrowser Configuration Window (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33 Figure 7-12 Simplex Base Station to a Fusion Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38 Figure 7-13 Duplex Base Station to a Fusion Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Tables Table 2-1 Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 Table 2-2 Wavelength and Laser Power Specifications Table 2-3 Environmental Specifications Table 2-4 Operating Frequencies Table 2-5 850 MHz RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 Table 2-6 1900 MHz RF End-to-End Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12 Table 2-7 900 MHz RF End-to-End Performance . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL 2 Table 6-5 UMTS Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL Table 9-5 Summary of CATV Cable Wiring Problems Table C-2 Faults for System CPU Table C-3 Faults for RAUs Table C-4 Warnings/Status Messages for Hubs Table C-5 Warning/Status Messages for System CPUs Table C-6 Warning/Status Messages for RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONFIDENTIAL 4 InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev D
SECTION 1 General Information This section contains the following subsections: • Section 1.1 Firmware Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 • Section 1.2 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 • Section 1.3 Conventions in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 • Section 1.4 Standards Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Firmware Release 1.1 Firmware Release For the latest Software and Firmware Release and associated documentation, access the LGC Wireless Customer Portal at lgcwireless.com. 1.2 Purpose and Scope This document describes the InterReach Fusion system. • Section 2 InterReach Fusion System Description This section provides an overview of the Fusion hardware and OA&M capabilities. This section also contains system specifications and RF end-to-end performance tables.
Conventions in this Manual • Appendix A Cables and Connectors This appendix provides connector and cable descriptions and requirements. It also includes cable strapping, connector crimping tools, and diagrams. • Appendix B Compliance This section lists safety and radio/EMC approvals. 1.3 Conventions in this Manual The following table lists the type style conventions used in this manual.
Standards Conformance 1.4 Standards Conformance • Fusion uses the TIA-570-B cabling standards for ease of installation. • Refer to Appendix B for compliance information. 1.5 Related Publications • AdminBrowser User Manual, LGC Wireless part number D-620607-0-20 Rev.
InterReach Fusion System Description SECTION 2 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 2.1 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 • Section 2.2 System Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 • Section 2.3 System OA&M Capabilities Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 • Section 2.4 System Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Overview The Fusion system supports two configurable bands: • Band 1 in 35 MHz and can be configured for 850 MHz, or 900 MHz. • Band 2 in 75 MHz and can be configured for 1800 MHz, 1900 MHz, or 2100 MHz Both bands support all protocols. Fusion remote access units contain combinations of Band 1 and Band 2 frequencies to support various world areas, that is 850 MHz/1900MHz for North America or 900 MHz/2100 MHz for Europe and Asia.
System Hardware Description • Firmware Updates are downloaded (either locally or remotely) to the system when any modifications are made to the product, including the addition of new software capabilities and services. • OA&M capabilities, including fault isolation to the field replaceable unit, reporting of all fault and warning conditions, and user-friendly web browser user interface OA&M software package. 2.
System OA&M Capabilities Overview Figure 2-1 2.3 Fusion System Hardware System OA&M Capabilities Overview InterReach Fusion is microprocessor controlled and contains firmware to enable much of the operations, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) functionality. Complete alarming, down to the field replaceable unit (that is, Fusion Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and Remote Access Unit) and the cabling infrastructure, is available.
System OA&M Capabilities Overview Figure 2-2 Use AdminBrowser to configure or monitor a local or a remote Fusion system. Three Methods for OA&M Communications PC/Laptop RS-232 running a Standard Browser RS-232 Ethernet Modem 2 TCP/IP 1 PSTN LAN Switch 3 Ethernet Fusion Main Hub R-J-45 Ethernet t Modem Fusion Main Hub F-conn. Fusion Main Hub Admin Browser Fusion Main Hub RAU AdminBrowser OA&M software runs on the Fusion Main Hub microprocessor and communicates to its downstream RAUs.
System OA&M Capabilities Overview Figure 2-3 PC/Laptop running a standard web browser System Monitoring and Reporting Fusion Main Hub AdminBrowser Use a standard browser to communicate with remotely or locally installed Fusion systems running AdminBrowser. The Main Hub queries status of each Expansion Hub and each RAU and compares it to previously stored status. RAU Fusion Expansion Hub AdminBrowser The Expansion Hub queries the status of each RAU and compares it to the previously stored status.
System Connectivity 2.4 System Connectivity The double star architecture of the Fusion system, illustrated in Figure 2-4, provides excellent system scalability and reliability. The system requires only one pair of fibers for eight antenna points. This makes any system expansion, such as adding an extra antenna for additional coverage, potentially as easy as pulling an extra CATV cable.
System Operation 2.5 System Operation Figure 2-5 Downlink (Base Station to Wireless Devices) The Main Hub receives downlink RF signals from a base station using 50 Ohm coaxial cable. Main Hub The Main Hub converts the RF signals to IF, then to optical signals and sends them to Expansion Hubs (up to four) using optical fiber cable. Expansion Hub The Expansion Hub converts the optical signals to electrical signals and sends them to RAUs (up to eight) using 75 Ohm CATV cable.
System Specifications 2.
System Specifications Table 2-2 Wavelength and Laser Power Specifications Measured Output Power Wavelength Main Hub Expansion Hub 1310 nm +20 nm 890 uW 3.
System Specifications 850/1900 RAU Table 2-5 850 MHz RF End-to-End Performance Typical Parameter Downlink Uplink Average gain with 75 m RG-59 at 25°C (77°F) (dB) 15 15 Ripple with 150 m RG-59 (dB) 2.5 3 Output IP3 (dBm) 38 Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) Help Hot Line (U.S.
System Specifications Table 2-6 1900 MHz RF End-to-End Performance Typical Parameter Downlink Uplink Average gain with 75 m RG-59 at 25°C (77°F) (dB) 15 15 Ripple with 150 m RG-59 (dB) 3.
System Specifications 900/2100 RAU Table 2-9 900 MHz RF End-to-End Performance Typical Parameter Downlink Uplink 15 15 Ripple with 75 m RG-59 (dB) 3 4 Output IP3 (dBm) 38 Average Downlink gain with 75 m RG-59 at 25°C (77°F) (dB) Input IP3 (dBm) –5 Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) 26 Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) Table 2-10 16 2100 MHz RF End-to-End Performance Typical Parameter Downlink Uplink Average gain w/ 75 meters RG-59 @ 25°C (dB) 15 15 Ripple with 75 m RG-59 (dB) 2.
System Specifications Table 2-12 900 MHz (SMR) RF End-to-End Performance Typical Downlink Uplink Average Downlink gain with 150 m CATV at 25°C (77°F) (dB) Parameter 15 15 Ripple with 150 m CATV (dB) 2.
SECTION 3 Fusion Main Hub This section contains the following subsections: • Section 3.1 Fusion Main Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 • Section 3.2 Fusion Main Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8 • Section 3.3 Main Hub Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 • Section 3.4 Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 3-1 Main Hub in a Fusion System Downlink Path: The Main Hub receives up to 3 individual (Band1, 2, or 3) downlink RF signals from a base station, repeater, or MetroReach Focus system using 50 Ohm coaxial cable. It converts the signals to IF then to optical and sends them to up to four Expansion Hubs using fiber optic cable. The Main Hub also sends OA&M communication to the Expansion Hubs using the fiber optic cable.
Figure 3-2 Main Hub Block Diagram Help Hot Line (U.S.
Fusion Main Hub Front Panel 3.1 Fusion Main Hub Front Panel Figure 3-3 Fusion Main Hub Front Panel 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 6 1. 5 Four fiber optic ports (labeled PORT 1, PORT 2, PORT 3, PORT 4) • One standard female SC/APC connector per port for MMF/SMF input (labeled UPLINK) • One standard female SC/APC connector per port for MMF/SMF output (labeled DOWNLINK) 2. Four sets of fiber port LEDs (one set per port) • One LED per port for port link status and downstream unit status 3.
Fusion Main Hub Front Panel 3.1.1 Optical Fiber Uplink/Downlink Ports The optical fiber uplink/downlink ports transmit and receive optical signals between the Main Hub and up to four Expansion Hubs using industry-standard SMF or MMF cable. There are four fiber ports on the front panel of the Main Hub; one port per Expansion Hub.
Fusion Main Hub Front Panel Upon power up, the Hub goes through a 20-second test to check the LED lamps. During this time, the LEDs blink through the states shown in Table 3-1, letting you visually verify that the LED lamps and the firmware are functioning properly. Upon completion of initialization, the LEDs stay in one of the first two states shown in Table 3-1. The Hub automatically sends the program bands command to all connected RAUs.
Fusion Main Hub Front Panel Table 3-1 Fusion Hub Status LED States (continued) LED State Indicates POWER STATUS Green • The Main Hub is connected to power and all power supplies are operating. • The Main Hub DL input signal level is too high. POWER STATUS Red Red (60-ppm) • One or more power supplies are out-of-specification. Red Fiber Port LEDs The Main Hub has one pair of fiber port LEDs for each of the four fiber ports. The LED pairs can be in one of the states shown in Table 3-2.
Fusion Main Hub Rear Panel 3.2 Fusion Main Hub Rear Panel Figure 3-4 Band 1 UL1 Band 3 Band 2 UL3 UL2 DL1 Fusion Main Hub Rear Panel DL3 DL2 4 2 3 1 5 1. AC power cord connector 2. Two air exhaust vents 3. Three N-type, female connectors fore each band (Band 1, Band 2, and Band 3): • Uplink (labeled UL1, UL2, and UL3) • Downlink (labeled DL1, DL2, and DL3) 3.2.1 3.2.1.1 4. One 9-pin D-sub female connector for contact alarm monitoring (labeled ALARMS) 5.
Fusion Main Hub Rear Panel Table 3-3 9-pin D-sub Pin Connector Functions Pin Function 1 Alarm Sense Input (DC Ground) 2 Alarm Sense Input 3 3 Alarm Sense Input 2 4 Warning Source Contact (positive connection) 5 Warning Contact (negative connection) 6 DC Ground (common) 7 Fault Source Contact (positive connection) 8 Alarm Sense Input 1 9 Fault Source Contact (negative connection) This interface can both generate two source contact alarms (Fault and Warning) and sense 3 single external
Main Hub Specifications 3.3 Main Hub Specifications Table 3-4 Main Hub Specifications** Specification Enclosure Dimensions (H × W × Description D)a: 89 mm x 438 mm x 381 mm (3.5 in. x 17.25 in. x 15 in.) 2U Weight <5.
Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages 3.4 3.4.1 Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages Description The Fusion Main Hub monitors and reports changes or events in system performance to: • Ensure that fiber receivers, amplifiers and IF/RF paths are functioning properly. • Ensure that Expansion Hubs and Remote Access Units are connected and functioning properly. An event is classified as fault, warning, or status message. • Faults are service impacting. • Warnings indicate a possible service impact.
Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages 3.4.2 View Preference AdminBrowser 1.0 or higher enables you to select (using the screen shown in Figure 3-5) the type of events to be displayed. Figure 3-5 Preferences Check Boxes To modify the setting, using AdminBrowser, select Alarms J Set Alarm Preference and select the desired choice. After you click OK, AdminBrowser refreshes and updates the tree view according to the new setting. NOTE: The setting is strictly visual and only in AdminBrowser.
Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages This page is intentionally left blank. Help Hot Line (U.S.
Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages 3-14 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Fusion Expansion Hub SECTION 4 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 4.1 Expansion Hub Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 • Section 4.2 Expansion Hub Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 • Section 4.3 Expansion Hub Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8 • Section 4.4 Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 • Section 4.
Expansion Hub Overview Figure 4-2 4-2 CONFIDENTIAL Expansion Hub Block Diagram InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev H
Expansion Hub Front Panel 4.2 Expansion Hub Front Panel Figure 4-3 1 Expansion Hub Front Panel 2 34 5 7 6 8 1. One port LED per type F connector port for link status and downstream RAY status (8 pair total). 2. Eight CATV cable, type F connectors (labeled PORT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 3. One pair of unit status LEDs • One LED for unit power status (labeled POWER) • One LED for unit status (labeled E-HUB STATUS) 4.
Expansion Hub Front Panel 4.2.1 75 Ohm Type F Connectors The eight type F connectors on the Expansion Hub are for the CATV cables used to transmit and receive signals to and from RAUs. Use only 75 ohm type F connectors on the CATV cable. The CATV cable also delivers DC electrical power to the RAUs. The Expansion Hub’s DC voltage output is 54V DC nominal. A current limiting circuit protects the Hub if any port draws excessive power.
Expansion Hub Front Panel SC/APC fiber connectors throughout the fiber network, including fiber distribution panels. This is critical for ensuring system performance. 4.2.4 LED Indicators The unit’s front panel LEDs indicate fault conditions and commanded or fault lockouts. The LEDs do not indicate warnings or whether the system test has been performed. Only use the LEDs to provide basic information or as a backup when you are not using AdminBrowser.
Expansion Hub Front Panel Unit Status and DL/UL Status LEDs The Expansion Hub unit status and DL/UL status LEDs can be in one of the states shown in Table 4-1. These LEDs can be: steady green steady red There is no off state when the unit’s power is on. Table 4-1 Expansion Hub Unit Status and DL/UL Status LED States LED State Indicates POWER EH STATUS DL STATUS UL STATUS Green / Green • The Expansion Hub is connected to power and all power supplies are operating.
Expansion Hub Front Panel Table 4-1 Expansion Hub Unit Status and DL/UL Status LED States (continued) LED State Indicates • Optical power in is below minimum (the Main Hub is not connected, is not powered, or the Main Hub’s downlink laser has failed, or the downlink fiber is disconnected or damaged.) • Optical power out is below minimum (the Expansion Hub uplink laser has failed; is unable to communicate with the Main Hub). UL STATUS LED state must be checked within the first 90 seconds after power on.
Expansion Hub Rear Panel 4.3 Expansion Hub Rear Panel Figure 4-4 Expansion Hub Rear Panel 1 2 1. AC power cord connector 2. Two air exhaust vents 3. DB-9 connector Table 4-3 3 9-pin D-sub Pin Connector Functions Pin Function 1 Alarm Sense Input (DC Ground) 2 Alarm Sense Input 3 3 Alarm Sense Input 2 4 N/C 5 N/C 6 DC Ground (common) 7 N/C 8 Alarm Sense Input 1 9 N/C This interface can monitor and generate three single external alarm contacts (Alarm Sense Input 1 through 3).
Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages 4.4 Faults, Warnings, and Status Messages This interface monitors the output contact closures from a Universal Power Supply (UPS). Verify the output contact closure state (normally closed or normally open) of the UPS, and set the appropriate contact definition using AdminBrowser. • Faults are service impacting. • Warnings indicate a possible service impact. • Status messages are generally not service impacting.
Expansion Hub Specifications 4.5 Expansion Hub Specifications Table 4-4 Expansion Hub Specifications Specification Description Enclosure Dimensions (H × W × D) 89 mm x 438 mm x 381 mm (3.5 in. x 17.25 in. x 15 in.) 2U Weight < 6.6 kg (< 14.5 lb.
Remote Access Unit SECTION 5 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 5.1 RAU Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 • Section 5.2 Remote Access Unit Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 • Section 5.3 RAU LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 • Section 5.4 Faults and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 • Section 5.
RAU Overview Figure 5-1 Remote Access Unit in a Unison System Downlink Path: The RAU receives downlink IF signals from a Fusion Hub using 75 Ohm CATV cable. It converts the signals to RF and sends them to a passive RF antenna using 50 Ohm coaxial cable. Also, the RAU receives configuration information from the Fusion Hub using the 75 Ohm CATV cable. Also, the RAU receives configuration information from the Main Hub via the Cat-5/5E/6 cable.
RAU Overview The Fusion RAUs are manufactured to a specific set of bands (one 35 MHz-Band 1, one 75 MHz-Band 2). Table 5-1 lists the Fusion RAUs, the Fusion Band, and the frequency bands they cover.
Remote Access Unit Connectors Table 5-2 Cable Type System Gain (Loss) Relative to CATV Cable Length for RAUs CommScope Part Number Plenum Rated Solid Copper Conductor 2293K Yes X 2285K Yes 5913 No Zero-loss RF Maximum Length (meters) Distance Where RF is 10dB Below Input RF (meters) 275 375 X 240 240* X 240 240* Copper Clad Conductor RG-59 RG-11 NOTE: Exceeding the distance of copper-clad cable will result in the attached RAU becoming non-functional.
RAU LED Indicators 5.3 RAU LED Indicators Upon power up, the RAU goes through a two-second test to check the LED lamps. During this time, the LEDs blink green/green red/red, letting you visually verify that the LED lamps and the firmware are functioning properly. NOTE: Refer to Section 9 for troubleshooting using the LEDs. Status LEDs The RAU status LEDs can be in one of the states shown in Table 5-3. These LEDs can be: off steady green steady red There is no off state when the unit’s power is on.
Remote Access Unit Specifications 5.5 Remote Access Unit Specifications Table 5-4 Remote Access Unit Specifications Specification Description Dimensions (H × W × D) 133.5 mm × 438 mm × 381 mm (5.25 in. × 17.25 in. × 15 in.) Weight < 2.1 kg (< 4.6 lb.
Designing a Fusion Solution SECTION 6 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 6.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 • Section 6.2 Downlink RSSI Design Goal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 • Section 6.3 Maximum Output Power per Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4 • Section 6.4 System Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview The design goal is always a stronger signal than the mobile phone needs. It includes inherent factors which affect performance. • RF source (base station or BDA), type of equipment if possible. 2. Determine the downlink power per carrier from the RF source through the DAS: Refer to Section 6.3, “Maximum Output Power per Carrier,” on page 6-4.
Downlink RSSI Design Goal 6. Determine the items required to connect to the base station: Refer to Section 6.8, “Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station,” on page 6-37. Once you know the quantities of Fusion equipment to be used, you can determine the accessories (combiners/dividers, surge suppressors, repeaters, attenuators, circulators, and so on.) required to connect the system to the base station.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3 Maximum Output Power per Carrier The following tables show the recommended maximum power per carrier out of the RAU 50 Ohm Type-N connector for different frequencies, protocols, and numbers of carriers. These maximum levels are dictated by RF signal quality and regulatory emissions issues. In general, as the number of RF carrier increases, the maximum power per carrier decreases.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.1 850 MHz Cellular Cellular Power per Carrier Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers AMPS TDMA GSM EDGE CDMA WCDMA 1 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16 15 2 16.5 16.5 13.5 13.5 13 11 3 16.5 15.0 11.5 11.5 11 8 4 13.5 13 10.0 10.0 10.0 6.5 5 12.0 11.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 5.0 6 10.5 10.5 8.5 8.5 8.0 7 9.5 9.5 8.0 8.0 7.5 8 8.5 8.5 7.5 7.5 7.0 9 8.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 10 7.0 7.5 6.5 6.5 11 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.5 12 6.5 6.5 6.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.2 800 MHz or 900 MHz SMR Table 6-1 Power per Carrier Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers iDEN Analog FM CQPSK C4FM Mobitex/ DataTac POCSAG/ REFLEX 1 14.5 23.0 19.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 2 11.0 17.0 14.0 16.5 16.5 16.5 3 8.5 13.5 11.5 13.0 13.0 13.0 4 7.0 10.0 9.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 5 6.0 9.0 8.0 8.5 6 5.0 7.5 6.5 7.0 7 4.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 8 3.5 5.5 5.0 5.5 9 3.0 8.0 4.5 4.5 10 2.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 11 2.0 12 1.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.3 900 MHz EGSM and EDGE Table 6-2 GSM/EGSM and EDGE Power per Carrier Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers GSM EDGE 1 16.0 16.0 2 13.0 13.0 3 11.0 11.0 4 10.0 10.0 5 9.0 9.0 6 8.0 8.0 7 7.5 7.5 8 7.0 7.0 9 6.5 6.5 10 6.0 6.0 11 5.5 5.5 12 5.0 5.0 13 5.0 5.0 14 4.5 4.5 15 4.0 4.0 16 4.0 4.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.4 1800 MHz DCS Table 6-3 DCS Power per Carrier Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers GSM EDGE 1 16.5 16.5 2 14.5 14.5 3 12.5 12.5 4 11.5 11.5 5 10.5 10.5 6 9.5 9.5 7 9.0 9.0 8 8.5 8.0 9 8.0 7.5 10 7.5 7.0 11 7.0 6.5 12 6.5 6.0 13 6.5 6.0 14 6.0 5.5 15 5.5 5.0 16 5.5 5.0 20 4.5 4.0 30 2.5 2.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.5 1900 MHz PCS Table 6-4 PCS Power per Carrier Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers TDMA 1 16.5 2 16.5 3 15.0 4 13.0 GSM EDGE CDMA WCDMA 16.5 16.5 16.0 15.0 15.5 15.5 13.0 11.0 13.5 13.5 11.0 8.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 6.5 5.0 5 11.5 11.0 10.5 9.0 6 10.5 10.5 9.5 8.0 7 9.5 10.0 9.0 7.5 8 8.5 9.0 8.0 7.0 9 8.0 8.5 7.5 10 7.5 8.0 7.0 11 7.0 7.5 6.5 12 6.5 7.0 6.0 13 6.5 6.5 6.0 14 6.0 6.5 5.5 15 5.
Maximum Output Power per Carrier 6.3.6 2.1 GHz UMTS UMTS Power per Carrier Table 6-5 No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) WCDMA 1 15.0 2 11.0 3 8.0 4 6.5 5 5.0 6 4.0 7 3.0 Note: measurements taken with no baseband clipping. Note: Operation at or above these output power levels may prevent Fusion from meeting RF performance specifications or FCC Part 15 and EN55022 emissions requirements.
System Gain 6.4 System Gain The system gain of the Fusion defaults to 0 dB or can be set up to 15 dB in 1 dB increments. In addition, uplink and downlink gains of each RAU can be independently decreased by 10 dB in one dB steps using AdminBrowser. 6.4.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to CATV Cable Type Length The recommended maximum lengths of CATV cable are as follows: • For RG-59 cable 150 meters for CommScope PN 2065V. • For RG-6 cable 170 meters for CommScope PN 2279V.
System Gain Table 6-6 Cable Type System Gain (Loss) Relative to CATV Cable Length Zero-loss RF Maximum Length (meters) Distance Where RF is 10dB Below Input RF (meters) 150 210 X 120 120* X 110 110* 150 210 170 230 170 175* 170 170* X 170 230 X 275 375 CommScope Part Number Plenum Rated Solid Copper Conductor 2065V Yes X 2022V Yes 5572R No 5565 No X 2279V Yes X 2275V Yes X 5726 No X 5765 No 2293K Yes Copper Clad Conductor RG-59 RG-6 RG-11 2285K Yes
Estimating RF Coverage 6.5 Estimating RF Coverage The maximum output power per carrier (based on the number and type of RF carriers being transmitted) and the minimum acceptable received power at the wireless device (that is, the RSSI design goal) essentially establish the RF downlink budget and, consequently, the maximum allowable path loss (APL) between the RAU’s antenna and the wireless device.
Estimating RF Coverage 6.5.1 Path Loss Equation In-building path loss obeys the distance power law1 in equation (2): PL = 20log10(4πd0f/c) + 10nlog10(d/d0) + Χs (2) where: • PL is the path loss at a distance, d, from the antenna • d = the distance expressed in meters • d0 = free-space path loss distance in meters • f = the operating frequency in Hertz. • c = the speed of light in a vacuum (3.0 × 108 m/sec).
Estimating RF Coverage 6.5.2 RAU Coverage Distance Use equations (1) and (2), on pages 6-13 and 6-14, respectively, to estimate the distance from the antenna to where the RF signal decreases to the minimum acceptable level at the wireless device. With d0 set to one meter and path loss slope (PLS) defined as 10n, Equation (2) can be simplified to: PL(d) = 20log10(4πf/c) + PLS·log10(d) (3) Table 6-9 gives the value of the first term of Equation (3) (that is., (20log10(4πf/c)) for various frequency bands.
Estimating RF Coverage Table 6-10 shows estimated PLS for various environments that have different “clutter” (that is, objects that attenuate the RF signals, such as walls, partitions, stairwells, equipment racks, and so.). Table 6-10 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments Environment Type Example PLS for 850/900 MHz PLS for 1800/1900 MHz Open Environment very few RF obstructions Parking Garage, Convention Center 33.7 30.
Estimating RF Coverage Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 800 MHz SMR Applications Table 6-11 Distance from Antenna Environment Type Meters Feet Open Environment 75 244 Moderately Open Environment 64 208 Mildly Dense Environment 56 184 Moderately Dense Environment 48 156 Dense Environment 40 131 Table 6-12 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 850 MHz Cellular Applications Distance from Antenna Environment Type Meters Feet Open Environment 73 241 Moderately O
Estimating RF Coverage Table 6-14 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 900 MHz EGSM Applications Distance from Antenna Facility Meters Feet Open Environment 70 231 Moderately Open Environment 60 197 Mildly Dense Environment 53 174 Moderately Dense Environment 45 149 Dense Environment 38 125 Table 6-15 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1800 MHz DCS Applications Distance from Antenna Facility 6-18 CONFIDENTIAL Meters Feet Open Environment 75 246 Moderately Op
Estimating RF Coverage Table 6-16 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1900 MHz PCS Applications Distance from Antenna Facility Meters Feet Open Environment 72 236 Moderately Open Environment 56 183 Mildly Dense Environment 49 160 Moderately Dense Environment 40 132 Dense Environment 29 96 Table 6-17 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 2.
Estimating RF Coverage 6.5.3 Examples of Design Estimates Example Design Estimate for an 850 MHz TDMA Application 1. Design goals: • Cellular (859 MHz = average of the lowest uplink and the highest downlink frequency in 800 MHz Cellular band) • TDMA provider • 12 TDMA carriers in the system • –85 dBm design goal (to 95% of the building) — the minimum received power at the wireless device • Base station with simplex RF connections 2. Power Per Carrier: The tables in Section 6.
Estimating RF Coverage Equipment Required: Since you know the building size, you can now estimate the Fusion equipment quantities that will be needed. Before any RF levels are tested in the building, you can estimate that two antennas per level will be needed. This assumes no propagation between floors. If there is propagation, you may not need antennas on every floor. a. 2 antennas per floor × 8 floors = 16 RAUs b. 16 RAUs ÷ 8 (maximum 8 RAUs per Expansion Hub) = 2 Expansion Hubs c.
Estimating RF Coverage Example Design Estimate for an 1900 MHz CDMA Application 1. Design goals: • PCS (1920 MHz = average of the lowest uplink and the highest downlink frequency in 1900 MHz PCS band) • CDMA provider • 8 CDMA carriers in the system • –85 dBm design goal (to 95% of the building) — the minimum received power at the wireless device • Base station with simplex RF connections 2. Power Per Carrier: The tables in Section 6.
Estimating RF Coverage 6. Equipment Required: Since you know the building size, you can now estimate the Fusion equipment quantities needed. Before you test any RF levels in the building, you can estimate that four antennas per level will be needed. This assumes no propagation between floors. If there is propagation, you may not need antennas on every floor. a. 4 antennas per floor × 16 floors = 64 RAUs b. 64 RAUs ÷ 8 (maximum 8 RAUs per Expansion Hub) = 8 Expansion Hubs c.
Link Budget Analysis 6.6 Link Budget Analysis A link budget is a methodical way to account for the gains and losses in an RF system so that the quality of coverage can be predicted. The end result can often be stated as a “design goal” in which the coverage is determined by the maximum distance from each RAU before the signal strength falls beneath that goal. One key feature of the link budget is the maximum power per carrier explained in Section 6.3.
Link Budget Analysis Table 6-18 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems Consideration Description BTS Transmit Power The power per carrier transmitted from the base station output Attenuation between BTS and Fusion This includes all losses: cable, attenuator, splitter/combiner, and so forth. On the downlink, attenuation must be chosen so that the maximum power per carrier going into the Main Hub does not exceed the levels given in Section 6.3.
Link Budget Analysis Table 6-18 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems (continued) Consideration Description Log-normal Fade Margin This margin adds an allowance for RF shadowing due to objects obstructing the direct path between the mobile equipment and the RAU. In RF site surveys, the effects of shadowing are partially accounted for since it is characterized by relatively slow changes in power level. Body Loss This accounts for RF attenuation caused by the user’s head and body.
Link Budget Analysis 6.6.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell Application Table 6-19 Line Narrowband Link Budget Analysis: Downlink Downlink Transmitter a. BTS transmit power per carrier (dBm) b. Attenuation between BTS and Fusion (dB) c. Power into Fusion (dBm) 33 –23 10 d. Fusion gain (dB) 0 e. Antenna gain (dBi) 3 f. Radiated power per carrier (dBm) 13 Airlink g. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6 h. Log-normal fade margin with 9 dB std.
Link Budget Analysis Table 6-20 Line Narrowband Link Budget Analysis: Uplink Uplink Receiver a. BTS noise figure (dB) 4 b. Attenuation between BTS and Fusion (dB) c. Fusion gain (dB) –10 d. Fusion noise figure (dB) 1-4-32 e. System noise figure (dB) 22.6 f. Thermal noise (dBm/30 kHz) –129 g. Required C/I ratio (dB) h. Antenna gain (dBi) i. Receive sensitivity (dBm) 0 22 12 3 –97.4 Airlink j. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6 k. Log-normal fade margin with 9 dB std.
Link Budget Analysis 6.6.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA Standards A CDMA link budget is slightly more complicated because you must consider the spread spectrum nature of CDMA. Unlike narrowband standards such as TDMA and GSM, CDMA signals are spread over a relatively wide frequency band. Upon reception, the CDMA signal is de-spread. In the de-spreading process the power in the received signal becomes concentrated into a narrow band, whereas the noise level remains unchanged.
Link Budget Analysis PTX + PRX = –76 dBm (for PCS, J-STD-008) where PTX is the mobile’s transmitted power and PRX is the power received by the mobile. The power level transmitted under closed-loop power control is adjusted by the base station to achieve a certain Eb/N0 (explained in Table 6-22 on page 6-30).
Link Budget Analysis Table 6-22 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA (continued) Consideration Description Eb/No This is the energy-per-bit divided by the received noise and interference. It’s the CDMA equivalent of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This figure depends on the mobile’s receiver and the multipath environment.
Link Budget Analysis 6.6.4 CDMA Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell Application Table 6-23 Line CDMA Link Budget Analysis: Downlink Downlink Transmitter a. BTS transmit power per traffic channel (dBm) 30.0 b. Voice activity factor 50% c. Composite power (dBm) 40.0 d. Attenuation between BTS and Fusion (dB) –24 e. Power per channel into Fusion (dBm) 9.0 f. Composite power into Fusion (dBm) 16.0 g. Fusion gain (dB) 0.0 h. Antenna gain (dBi) i.
Link Budget Analysis • b and c: see notes in Table 6-22 regarding power per carrier, downlink • e=a+d • f=c+d • i=e+g+h • j=f+g+h • p = –k + l + m + n + o • s=q+r • v=s+t+u • w=j–p–v • x = j (downlink) + m (uplink) + P where P = Ptx + Prx = –73 dB for Cellular –76 dB for PCS Help Hot Line (U.S.
Link Budget Analysis Table 6-24 Line CDMA Link Budget Analysis: Uplink Uplink Receiver a. BTS noise figure (dB) 3.0 b. Attenuation between BTS and Fusion (dB) c. Fusion gain (dB) –30.0 d. Fusion noise figure (dB) 22.0 e. System noise figure (dB) 33.3 f. Thermal noise (dBm/Hz) –174.0 g. Noise rise 75% loading (dB) h. Receiver interference density (dBm/Hz) i. Information rate (dB/Hz) j. Required Eb/(No+lo) 5.0 k. Handoff gain (dB) 0.0 l. Antenna gain (dBi) m.
Link Budget Analysis • e: enter the noise figure and gain of each system component (a, b, c, and d) into the standard cascaded noise figure formula Fsys = F1 + F2 – 1 G1 + F3 – 1 G1G2 + .... where F = 10 (Noise Figure/10) G = 10(Gain/10) (See Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.) • h=e+f+g • m = h + i + j –k – l • r=n+o+p+q • t=s–r–m 6.6.
Optical Power Budget 6.7 Optical Power Budget Fusion uses SC/APC connectors. The connector losses associated with mating to these connectors is accounted for in the design and should not be included as elements of the optical power budget. The reason is that when the optical power budget is defined, measurements are taken with these connectors in place. The Fusion optical power budget for both multi-mode and single-mode fiber cable is 3.0 dB (optical).
Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station 6.8 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station The Fusion system supports two RF sources: one for Band 1 and one for Band 2. This section explains how each band can be connected to its associated base station. Each Fusion Main Hub band has separate system gain parameters. For example, Band 1 can be set for +5 dB of downlink system gain while Band 2 can have +15 dB of downlink system gain.
Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station A good rule of thumb is to set the uplink attenuation such that the noise level out of Fusion is within 10 dB of the base station’s sensitivity. 6.8.2 RAU Attenuation and ALC The RAU attenuation and ALC are set using the AdminBrowser Advanced RAU Settings command. Embedded within the uplink RF front-end of each Fusion RAU band is an ALC circuit.
Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station Figure 6-2 ALC Operation Input Signal Level Activation Level -30dBm Output Signal Level 4 Release Level -45dBm 3 1 2 Attack Phase Hold Phase 5 Release Phase Time 6.8.2.1 Using the RAU 10 dB Attenuation Setting Each RAU band can, independently of the other RAUs in a system, have its uplink or downlink gain attenuated by 10dB in 1dB steps for each RAU band. This is accomplished by selecting the check boxes in the Advanced RAU Settings dialog box.
Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station 6.8.2.2 Using the Uplink ALC Setting Uplink automatic level control (UL ALC) circuitry for each band within the RAU provides automatic level control on high-power signals in the uplink path. This functionality is required to prevent RF signal compression caused by a single or multiple wireless devices in very close proximity to the RAU band. Compression causes signal degradation and, ultimately, dropped calls and data errors, and should be prevented.
Installing Fusion SECTION 7 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 7.1 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 • Section 7.2 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 • Section 7.3 Preparing for System Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6 • Section 7.4 Fusion Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10 • Section 7.
Installation Requirements NOTE: Faulty cabling is the cause of a vast majority of problems. All CATV cable should be tested to TIA-570-B specifications. 7.1.1 Component Location Requirements Fusion components are intended to be installed in indoor locations only. If outdoor installation is desired, such as a parking garage, the Fusion components must be installed in the appropriate environmental enclosures. 7.1.
Safety Precautions NOTE: The proper crimp tool and die must be matched by the connector type. 7.1.3 Distance Requirements Table 7-1 shows the distances between Unison components and related equipment. Table 7-1 Distance Requirements Equipment Combination Cable Type Cable Length Additional Information Repeater/BTS to Fusion Main Hub Coaxial; N male connectors 3–6 m (10–20 ft) typical Limited by loss and noise. Refer to your link budget calculation.
Safety Precautions 3. The internal power supplies have internal fuses that are not user replaceable. Consider the worst-case power consumption shown on the product labels when provisioning the equipment’s AC power source and distribution. 4. Verify that the Hub is grounded properly using the AC power cord third wire ground. NOTE: Be careful with the mechanical loading of the rack mounted hub.
Safety Precautions 7.2.3 Fiber Port Safety Precautions The following are suggested safety precautions for working with fiber ports. For information about system compliance with safety standards, refer to Appendix B. WARNING: Observe the following warning about viewing fiber ends in ports. Do not stare with unprotected eyes at the connector ends of the fibers or the ports of the hubs. Invisible infrared radiation is present at the front panel of the Main Hub and the Expansion Hub.
Preparing for System Installation 7.3 7.3.1 Preparing for System Installation Pre-Installation Inspection Follow this procedure before installing Fusion equipment: 7.3.2 1. Verify the number of packages received against the packing list. 2. Check all packages for external damage; report any external damage to the shipping carrier.
Preparing for System Installation Table 7-2 3 Installation Checklist (continued) Installation Requirement Consideration Attenuator Installed between the circulator and the Hub downlink port to prevent overload. Optionally, it may be installed between the uplink port and the circulator.
Preparing for System Installation Table 7-2 3 Installation Requirement Installation Checklist (continued) Consideration Configuring the System PC/laptop running standard browser software Refer to the AdminBrowser User Manual (PN D-620607-0020) Miscellaneous Cross-over Ethernet cable Male connectors; Fusion Main Hub to a PC/laptop running a standard browser to the Fusion AdminBrowser software; local connection or LAN switch connector for remote connections.
Preparing for System Installation 7.3.4 Optional Accessories Table 7-4 3 Optional Accessories for Component Installation Description Wall-mount bracket (PN 4712) When using this bracket with an Fusion Main Hub, the Hub’s mounting bracket must be moved to the alternate mounting position (refer to the procedure on page page 7-11). Cable management (Cable manager: PN 4759; Tie wrap bar: PN 4757) Splice trays Pigtails with SC/APC connectors, 3 m (10 ft.
Fusion Installation Procedures 7.4 Fusion Installation Procedures The following procedures assume that the system is new from the factory and that it has not been programmed with bands. If you are replacing components in a pre-installed system with either new units or units that may already be programmed (for example, re-using units from another system), refer to Section 8. • Installing a Fusion Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fusion Installation Procedures • Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47 • Alarm Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48 • Alarm Sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-51 • Alarm Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fusion Installation Procedures Figure 7-1 Mounting Bracket Detail Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack • Using the screws provided, fasten the cable manager to the rack, immediately above or below the Main Hub. Installing a Main Hub Using the 12” Wall-Mounted Rack (PN 4712) Considerations: • The rack-mounting brackets on the Fusion Main Hub must be moved to the recessed mounting position to allow for the required 76 mm (3 in.) rear clearance.
Fusion Installation Procedures Figure 7-2 Installing in the Recessed Mounting Position NOTE: If wall stud spacing of 16” is not available, LGC recommends that 3/4” plywood be pre-installed to the wall. You can then attach the bracket to the plywood using the wood screws. 2. Remove both of the rack mounting brackets from the Hub. 3. Reattach each of the rack mounting brackets to the recessed wall mount position. 4. Install the Hub in the rack using the rack mounting screws.
Fusion Installation Procedures Figure 7-3 Using Hub Rack-Mounting Brackets for Direct Wall Installation Connecting the Fiber Cables to the Main Hub Considerations: • Before connecting the fiber cables, confirm that their optical loss does not exceed the 3 dB optical budget. • If you are using fiber distribution panels, confirm that the total optical loss of fiber cable, from the Main Hub through distribution panels and patch cords to the Expansion Hub, does not exceed the optical budget.
Fusion Installation Procedures To clean the fiber ports: You can clean the Hub’s fiber ports using canned compressed air or isopropyl alcohol and foam tipped swabs. Considerations: • If using compressed air: • The air must be free of dust, water, and oil. • Hold the can level during use. • If using isopropyl alcohol and foam tipped swabs: • Use only 98% pure or more alcohol Procedure using compressed air: 1. Remove the port’s dust cap. 2.
Fusion Installation Procedures used and which Expansion Hub the cables are intended for. This differentiates the connectors for proper connection between the Main Hub and Expansion Hubs. For example: First pair to Main Hub port 1: 11 (uplink), 12 (downlink); Second pair to Main Hub port 2: 21 (uplink), 22 (downlink); Third pair to Main Hub port 3: 31 (uplink), 32 (downlink); and so on. If the fiber jumper is labeled with 1 or 2: 1. Connect 1s to UPLINK ports on the Main Hub. 2.
Fusion Installation Procedures Powering On the Main Hub 1. Connect the AC power cord to the Main Hub. 2. Plug the power cord into an AC power outlet. 3. Turn on the power to the Main Hub and check that all the LED lamps are functioning properly. Upon power-up, the LEDs blinks for five seconds as a visual check that they are functioning. After the five-second test: LED states during power on will vary, depending on whether Expansion Hubs are connected. Refer to Table 7-5 for possible combinations.
Fusion Installation Procedures Table 7-5 During Installation Power On 2. Main Hub power is On with Expansion Hubs connected and powered on. Troubleshooting Main Hub LEDs During Installation (continued) LED State Action Impact PORT Off • If the port LEDs do not illuminate, check the fiber uplink for excessive optical loss. • If Expansion Hub’s DL STATUS LED is red: • Verify that the fiber is connected to the correct port (that is, uplink/downlink) • Swap the uplink and downlink cables.
Fusion Installation Procedures 7.4.2 Installing Expansion Hubs The Expansion Hub (2U high) can be installed in a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack or in a wall-mountable equipment rack that is available from LGC Wireless. Allow a clearance of 76 mm (3 in.) front and rear and 51 mm (2 in.) sides for air circulation. No top and bottom clearance is required. CAUTION: Install Expansion Hubs in indoor locations only.
Fusion Installation Procedures Installing an Expansion Hub Using the 12” Wall-Mounted Rack Considerations: • The rack (PN4712) is a 305 mm (12 in.) deep. The Expansion Hub is 381 mm (15 in.) deep. You must move the rack mounting brackets on the Expansion Hub to the center mounting position to allow for the 76 mm (3 in.) rear clearance that is required. • The maximum weight the rack can hold is 22.5 kg (50 lbs). To install the hub in a wall-mounted rack: 1.
Fusion Installation Procedures NOTE: Leave the dust caps on the fiber ports until you are ready to connect the fiber optic cables. Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack • Using the screws provided, fasten the cable manager to the rack, immediately above or below the Expansion Hub. Powering On the Expansion Hub 1. Connect the AC power cord to the Expansion Hub. 2. Plug the power cord into an AC power outlet. 3.
Fusion Installation Procedures To connect the fiber cables: The fiber cable is labeled with either 1 or 2, or is color-coded. For proper connection between the Main Hub ports and the Expansion Hub ports, refer to the numbering or color-coded connections you recorded when installing the Expansion Hub(s). If the fiber jumper is labeled with 1 or 2: 1. Connect 1 to DOWNLINK on Expansion Hub. The DL STATUS LED should turn green as soon as you connect the fiber. If it does not, there is a downlink problem.
Fusion Installation Procedures To connect the CATV cables: 1. Connect the CATV cables to the F ports according to the labels on the cables. The STATUS LEDs should be off because the RAUs are not connected at the other end of the CATV cable. 2. Record which cable you are connecting to which port (that is, from the label on the cable). This information is required for the As-Built Document. 3. Tie-off the cables or use the optional cable manager to avoid damaging the connectors because of cable strain.
Fusion Installation Procedures Table 7-6 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub LEDs During Installation During Installation LED State Action Impact 2. Expansion PORT Off Check the CATV cable. Hub power is On and RAUs are connected Power is not getting to the RAU. PORT Flashing Red (60 PPM) Test the CATV cable. If the cable tests OK, try another port. If the second port’s LEDs are Red/Off, replace the RAU. If the second RAU doesn’t work; replace the Expansion Hub.
Fusion Installation Procedures 7.4.3 Installing RAUs CAUTION: Install RAUs in indoor locations only. Do not connect an antenna that is installed in an outdoor location to an RAU. For outdoor installations, a protective enclosure is required. Installing RAUs Mount all RAUs in the locations marked on the floor plans. Considerations: • Install 800 iDEN and 850/1900 MHz RAUs so that their antennas will be separated by enough space to reduce signal interference between the 800 and 850 bands.
Fusion Installation Procedures these situations is to provide sufficient isolation by physically separating the interfering transmitters and receivers. iDEN occupies spectrum at both 800 MHz and 900 MHz (Tx:806–825/Rx:851–870 and Tx:896–901/Rx:935–940), while the Cellular A and B carriers share a single 850 MHz block (Tx:869–894/Rx:824–849).
Fusion Installation Procedures To prevent either of these conditions, use the following guidelines: • In-band 800 iDEN intermodulation products < -90dBm • Lower frequency 800 iDEN signals < –30dBm for Unison Given a typical DAS configuration (4 iDEN carriers, omni-directional antennas, line of sight), these guidelines translate to an antenna spacing (d1) of 6 – 9 meters.
Fusion Installation Procedures To connect the CATV cable: 1. Connect the CATV cables to the F female port on the RAU according to the label on the cable. Power is supplied by the Fusion Main Hub over the CATV cable conductors. Upon power up, the LEDs will blink for two seconds as a visual check that they are functioning. After the two-second test: • The LINK LED should be green indicating it is receiving power and communications from the Fusion Main Hub.
Fusion Installation Procedures 7.4.3.2 Installing RAUs in a Multiple Operator System When installing both iDEN and Cellular systems in parallel, either as dual-band or multiple operator systems, you must take special provision to assure that the individual RAUs do not interfere with each other. The 850/1900 MHz and iDEN RAU’s antennas must be separated by at least 6 meters (20 feet) to assure that the iDEN downlink signals do not interfere with the Cellular uplink signals. 7.4.
Fusion Installation Procedures Programming the Fusion Main Hub Using AdminBrowser • Connect the provided TCP/IP crossover cable to the laptop and then to the Admin/LAN RJ-45 port on the Fusion Main Hub’s front panel. • Turn on the laptop and start the Fusion Main Hub. Windows 2000 1. Right-click My Network Places and select Properties. 2. Highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click Properties. A screen similar to the Figure 7-7 appears.
Fusion Installation Procedures Windows XP 1. Click Start>Settings>Network Connections>Local Area Connection. The window shown in Figure 7-8 appears. Figure 7-8 Local Area Connection Properties Window 2. In the This connection uses the following items, scroll down to and select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click Properties. 3. Perform steps 3 through 8 in the preceding section. Using AdminBrowser 1. Launch your web browser, type Https://192.168.0.100 in the URL line, and click Go. 2.
Fusion Installation Procedures 3. Click System Configuration and then click Set Date/Time. A page similar to Figure 7-9 appears. Figure 7-9 4. Enter the desired time and date in the format indicated on the page and click Set Date/Time. A page appears requiring you to reboot the system for the new date and time to take effect. 5. Select the Fusion Main Hub and click Install/Configure System. A screen similar to the Figure 7-10 appears. Figure 7-10 6.
Fusion Installation Procedures The label is the system name displayed next to the icons and used in messages.It can be up to 32 characters long depending upon the firmware version. The default system label is “Fusion” and will be used if you enter nothing. 7. Type in a Date and Time or leave the current system date and time unchanged. Enter time is a 24-hour format. 8. Use the next section to schedule a System Test.
Fusion Installation Procedures • You should not have to select the bands. The system self configures the band by validating that all the RAUs connected are the same type. • Use the pull-down to specify the Uplink and Downlink gain for each band. You can set system gain within the specified range in 1 dB increments. • Use the pull-down to set the Uplink Automatic Level Control to either “Single” or “Multiple” for each band in the system. (The default is “Multiple.” 11.
Splicing Fiber Optic Cable sponding legal sanctions of the national jurisdiction involved. Ownership of LGC Wireless equipment carries no automatic right of use. 7.5 Splicing Fiber Optic Cable The fiber cable must have SC/APC connectors for the entire run. If it does not, you can splice a pigtail, which has SC/APC connectors, to the fiber cable. LGC offers two pigtails: one for single-mode fiber (PN 4013SCAPC-3) and one for multi-mode fiber (PN 4012SCAPC-3).
Splicing Fiber Optic Cable 7. Position both fiber ends in the fusion splicer and complete splice in accordance with the fusion splicer’s operation instructions. 8. Ensure that the estimated loss for the splice as measured by the fusion splicer is 0.10 dB or better. 9. Slide the fusion splicing sleeve over the point of the fusion splice. 10. Place the sleeve and fused fiber into the fusion splicer’s heater. 11. Allow time for the splice sleeve to cure. 12.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source NOTE: Refer to Section 9 for troubleshooting. 7.6 Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source WARNING: Only LGC personnel or LGC-authorized installation personnel should connect the Fusion Main Hub to its Band associated base station or repeater. Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Fusion Main Hub (refer to Section 5.2 on page 5-4 for maximum power specifications).
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source 3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the receive simplex connector on the base station. 4. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK connector on the Hub for either Band 1, Band 2, and Band 3. Figure 7-12 Simplex Base Station to a Fusion Main Hub N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Insert attenuator, if needed Note: This applies to either Band 1, Band 2, and Band 3.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Figure 7-13 Duplex Base Station to a Fusion Main Hub N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Circulator Insert attenuator, if needed N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Duplex Base Station Note: This applies to either Band 1, Band 2, Band 3. Help Hot Line (U.S.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Connecting a Fusion Main Hub RF Band to Multiple BTSs WARNING: Only LGC personnel or LGC-authorized installation personnel should connect the Fusion Main Hub to a base station or repeater. Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Fusion Main Hub (refer to Section 5.2 on page 5-4 for maximum power specifications). If the maximum composite power is too high, attenuation is required.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Connecting a Fusion Main Hub to a Roof-top Antenna LGC Wireless recommends that you use a lightning arrestor or surge protector in a roof-top antenna configuration. Insert the lightning arrestor or surge protector between the roof-top antenna and the repeater connected to the Fusion Main Hub RF Band. 1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the roof-top antenna. 2.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Connecting a Fusion Main Hub to MetroReach Focus Refer to the MetroReach Focus manual for information. 7.6.2 Connecting Multiple Fusion Main Hubs to an RF Source You can use power combiner/splitters as splitters to connect multiple Fusion Main Hubs in order to increase the total number of RAUs in a system. You can also use power combiner/splitters to combine base station channels in order to increase the number of RF carriers the system transports.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source NOTE: Connections should not cross Bands. For example, all Band 1 connections should be made to the same hybrid power combiner/splitter connected to the repeater BTS that matches the Band 1 frequency. 3. Check Hub LEDs. After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the system is operating properly. Make sure the Hub is grounded. The warranty does not cover damage caused when an ungrounded Hub is powered on.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Connecting Two Fusion Main Hub’s RF Band Ports to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station Figure 7-16 N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Fusion Main Hub’s Downlink Port for either Band 1, Band 2, Band 3 N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Fusion Main Hub’s Uplink Port for either Band, Band 2, Band 3 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cable to Repeater or Base Station
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source Connecting Multiple Fusion Main Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or BTS WARNING: Only LGC personnel or LGC-authorized installation personnel should connect the Fusion Main Hub to a base station or repeater. Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Fusion Main Hub (refer to Section 5.2 on page 5-4 for maximum power specifications). If the maximum composite power is too high, attenuation is required.
Interfacing the Fusion Main Hub to an RF Source After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the system is operating properly. Make sure the Main Hub is grounded. The warranty does not cover damage caused when an ungrounded Hub is powered on. NOTE: Use a 50 ohm terminator on any unused power combiner/splitter ports. Figure 7-17 shows how to connect two Hubs to a duplex repeater or base station. You need to use one circulator and one more coaxial jumper cable, as shown.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System 7.7 Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System The Fusion Main Hub can generate (source) two contact alarms as well as sense three external contact alarm. • Alarm Source (refer to Section 7.7.1 on page 7-48) The Fusion Main Hub has two alarm contacts, fault (major) and warning (minor). These contacts are normally-closed (NC) and will open when an internal alarm is detected. NOTE: The contact can be changed to normally-open (NO) with AdminBrowser.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System Do not mix Unison and Fusion Main Hubs in the same daisy-chain. You can daisy-chain multiple Unison Hubs together and use the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable to connect the chain to a Fusion Main Hub, which will act as an alarm sensor. 7.7.1 Alarm Source Fusion always acts as an alarm source, no matter what type of equipment you are connecting to. Refer to Section 7.7.2 on page 7-51 if you want Fusion to sense Unison contact closures or other external alarms.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System Using a Base Station to Monitor Fusion NOTE: The BTS must be configured, by the carrier, for contact closure monitoring prior to connecting a Fusion Main Hub to it. When you connect a BTS to Fusion, the Fusion Main Hub is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and the BTS is the input (alarm sense), as shown in Figure 7-19. An interface cable is required between the daisy-chain cable and the BTS.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System Using a Base Station and AdminBrowser to Monitor Fusion NOTE: The BTS must be configured, by the carrier, for contact closure monitoring prior to connecting a Fusion Main Hub to it. In order to take full advantage of Fusion’s OA&M capabilities you can use LGC Wireless’ AdminBrowser software in addition to a BTS to monitor the system, as shown in Figure 7-20. Refer to Section 7.8.6 for SNMP optional feature capabilities.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System 7.7.2 Alarm Sense Use AdminBrowser to enable the Fusion system for “alarm sense” when connecting to the contact closure of Unison Main Hubs or other external alarms (refer to Set Contact Sense Properties in the AdminBrowser User Manual). Using Fusion to Monitor Unison When you connect Unison to Fusion, the Fusion Main Hub is the input of the alarms (alarm sense) and the Unison is the output (alarm source), as shown in Figure 7-21.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System Figure 7-22 Alarm Sense Contacts +5V 8 External Equipment Contacts 1 Diagnostic I 7-52 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System 7.7.3 Alarm Cables 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Figure 7-23 shows the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3), which supports fault and warning conditions. Figure 7-23 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable 1.
Connecting Contact Alarms to a Fusion System Alarm Sense Adapter Cable The alarm sense adapter cable (PN 4025-1) translates the Unison fault pinout to the sense input pins on the Fusion Main Hub. You must use this adapter cable, illustrated in Figure 7-24, with the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable when connecting Unison to Fusion.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8 Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options The following connectivity options are described: • Section 7.8.1 Direct Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-55 • Section 7.8.2 Modem Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-56 • Section 7.8.3 100 BASE-T Port Expander Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57 • Section 7.8.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection . . . . . . . . . . .
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8.2 Modem Connection In this configuration, the PC and the Fusion Main Hub connect to modems and communicate using a standard dial-up telephone connection. Figure 7-26 OA&M Modem Connection Straight-through modem cable Modem PSTN Modem Straight-through modem cable PC running Standard Browser Software NOTE: Refer to Appendix A.3 on page A-7 for the modem cable wiring information.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8.3 100 BASE-T Port Expander Connection In this configuration a LAN switch is used to allow the connection of multiple devices to a single PC with a 100 BASE-T port. Testing was performed with a Linksys 4-port switch. A standard RJ-45 Ethernet cable must be made to connect the LAN switch to the Fusion Main Hub. Figure 7-27 OA&M Connection using a 232 Port Expander AdminBrowser software is resident in Fusion.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection Using a line sharing switch, you can connect up to four modems to a single telephone line. Testing was performed with a Teltone Line Sharing Switch, model number M-394-B-01.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options Figure 7-29 Straight-through modem cable PC running Standard Browser Software Cascading Line Sharing Switches PSTN Modem Line Sharing Switch Standard phone cable Line Sharing Switch M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m Line Sharing Switch Straightthrough modem cables M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m Line Sharing Switch M o d e m M o d e m Help Hot Line (U.S.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8.5 Ethernet LAN Connection An Ethernet LAN connection can be used to communicate between the PC and Fusion. Testing was performed with an Linksys 4-port LAN switch.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7.8.6 SNMP Interface Faults and warnings can also be diagnosed with SNMP using a standard (NMS) network management system (optional). SNMP resident software in Fusion provides SNMP interactions for Traps and Notification. The Fusion SNMP includes a MIB for integrating into the Network Management System (NMS) and supports SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c. Figure 7-31 Fusion SNMP Configuration Options Help Hot Line (U.S.
Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options 7-62 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Replacing Fusion Components SECTION 8 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 8.1 Replacing an RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 • Section 8.2 Replacing a Fusion Expansion Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 • Section 8.3 Replacing a Fusion Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 8.1 Replacing an RAU Be aware that the new RAU must be the same bands as the one you are replacing.
Replacing an RAU 11. Set the attenuation of each band as the old RAU was programmed and click SAVE PROPERTIES. Perform System Test When convenient, perform System Test to optimize performance. During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Checking the RAU’s LEDs 1. The RAU’s LINK and ALARM LEDs should blink (green/red) on power up. • If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the RAU. 2.
Replacing a Fusion Expansion Hub 8.2 Replacing a Fusion Expansion Hub Replacing a Fusion Expansion Hub 1. Turn off the power to the Expansion Hub. 2. Disconnect all CATV cables, both fiber cables, and the AC power cord. 3. Replace the Expansion Hub with a new one. 4. Connect the AC power cord, all CATV cables, and both fiber cables – remembering to clean and correctly connect the uplink and downlink fiber. 5. Turn on the power to the Expansion Hub.
Replacing a Fusion Main Hub 8.3 Replacing a Fusion Main Hub You must record the system configuration settings from the old Fusion Main Hub’s memory before replacing the unit. You will program the new Main Hub with this information. If the Main Hub is programmed incorrectly, the system will not work. If the Hub to be replaced is not functioning and you cannot use AdminBrowser, get the configuration settings from the As-Built Document that was created as part of the original installation.
Replacing a Fusion Main Hub 10. Click SYSTEM CONFIGURATION and click on SETUP NETWORK CONNECTION OR MODEM CONNECTION if the Main Hub has Network or Modem equipment connected to it. During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Checking the Main Hub’s LEDs • The LEDs should blink through a 5-second test on power up. • If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the Main Hub. • If the LEDs do not illuminate at all, make sure the AC power cable is connected.
Replacing a Fusion Main Hub 8-6 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-x620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical Assistance SECTION 9 This section contains the following subsections: • Section 9.1 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 • Section 9.2 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 • Section 9.3 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3 • Section 9.4 Troubleshooting CATV . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance 9.2 Maintenance Keep the fiber ports clean and free of dust. No other periodic maintenance of the Fusion equipment is required. To clean the fiber ports: You can clean the Hub’s fiber ports using canned compressed air or isopropyl alcohol and cotton swabs. Considerations: • If you use compressed air: • The air must be free of dust, water, and oil. • Hold the can level during use. • If using isopropyl alcohol and foam-tipped swab: • Use only 98% pure or more alcohol.
Troubleshooting 9.3 Troubleshooting NOTE: Fusion has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless.
Troubleshooting 9.3.1 Troubleshooting Using AdminBrowser Use AdminBrowser software to determine the current faults and warnings for all of the units in the system. To troubleshoot, start with the Fusion Main Hub’s faults AND warnings, then proceed to each of the Expansion Hubs, finishing with each of the RAUs. NOTE: AdminBrowser v1.00 displays events (faults, warnings, or status messages) depending on your view preference. To change your view preference, refer to Section 3.3.
Troubleshooting c. Power cycle the Fusion Main Hub. d. RAU hardware faults. Try moving a working CATV to the suspect port and verifying that the RAU comes up OK. e. Try isolating the system components: – Check to see if the whole system is effected or a portion of the system. – If the whole system is effected, disconnect the DAS system from the RF source and see if the RF source is working. – Continue to isolate by disabling portions of the system.
Troubleshooting 9.3.3 Troubleshooting using LEDs The following troubleshooting guide is from the perspective that all Unison equipment is installed, their cables are connected, and they are powered on; it is assumed that the system was operating normally before the problem to be diagnosed occurred. (Refer to Section 7 for information on troubleshooting during initial installation of the system.) Always use AdminManager, if possible, to troubleshoot the system.
Troubleshooting 9.3.3.1 Troubleshooting Main Hub LEDs During Normal Operation • All of the Main Hub’s LEDs should be green during normal operation. If any LEDs are red, get status using AdminManager to determine the exact cause and recommendations. Table 9-1 During Normal Operation Expansion Hub Not Connected Troubleshooting Main Hub Port LEDs During Normal Operation Main Hub Port LEDs State Action Impact PORT Red If the Expansion Hub was disconnected accidentally, re-connect the cables.
Troubleshooting Table 9-2 During Normal Operation Main Hub Status LEDs At Any Time MAIN HUB STATUS Troubleshooting Main Hub Status LEDs During Normal Operation State Action Impact Red Use AdminBrowser to determine the exact cause of the fault. Internal Main Hub fault. Power cycle one time. If the fault remains, replace the Main Hub. Use AdminBrowser to check if the Main Hub is commanded Out-of-Service (every Expansion Hub port status LED will be red as well).
Troubleshooting 9.3.3.2 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub LEDs During Normal Operation • All of the Expansion Hub LINK and E-HUB/RAU LEDs that have RAUs connected should be Green/Green, indicating that the RAU is powered on, communication is established, and operation is normal. • The POWER, EHUB STATUS, DL STATUS, and UL STATUS LEDs should all be Green.
Troubleshooting Table 9-4 Troubleshooting Expansion Hub Status LEDs During Normal Operation During Normal Operation Expansion Hub Status LEDs State Action Impact At Any Time UL STATUS Red Check uplink fiber for optical loss. No communications between the Main Hub and the Expansion Hub. Power cycle Expansion Hub one time to check uplink laser. Uplink laser failure. DL STATUS Red Check the downlink fiber for optical loss No communications with the Main Hub.
Troubleshooting CATV 9.4 Troubleshooting CATV The following table summarizes CATV problems, as reported by AdminBrowser if a cable is cut or miswired. NOTE: Recommended minimum and maximum CATV cable lengths vary depending upon the type of CATV cable used. Refer to Section 6.1.2, “Cable and Connector Requirements,” on page 6-2. Table 9-5 Summary of CATV Cable Wiring Problems Problem Type Message Loose connector, shorted conductor or improper connection to the shield.
Technical Assistance 9-12 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Cables and Connectors APPENDIX A A.1 75 Ohm CATV Cable • Connects the Hub to the RAU(s) • Transmits multiband (downlink) and receives (uplink) IF signals • Delivers DC electrical power to the RAUs. The Fusion Hub’s DC voltage output is 54V DC nominal. A current limiting circuit is used to protect the Hub if it reaches its current limit • Carries configuration and status information • Use 75n Ohm type-F connectors with captive centerpins • Lengths: RG-59: • Minimum: 0 meters (0 ft.
Figure A-1 A-2 CONFIDENTIAL CommScope 2065V for RG-59 InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
Figure A-2 CommScope 2279V for RG-6 Help Hot Line (U.S.
Figure A-3 CommScope 2293K for RG-11 NOTE: LGC Wireless requires solid copper center conductor CATV cable for proper DC voltage to the RAU and maximum distances.
Use the following connectors and tools to prepare the cable ends: CommScope cable part number: 2065V Canare part number: F connector FP-C4F Crimp Tool TC-1, Crimp Die TCD-4C, Cable Strip preparation tool TS100E CommScope cable part number: 2279V Canare part number: F connector FP-C55A Crimp Tool TC-1, Crimp Die TCD-35CA, Cable Strip preparation tool TS100E CommScope cable part number: 2293V Canare part number: F connector FP-C71A Crimp Tool TC-1, Crimp Die TCD-7CA, Cable Strip preparation tool TS100E If the
Table A-1 Cable Type System Gain (Loss) Relative to CATV Cable Length for RAUs Zero-loss RF Maximum Length (meters) Distance Where RF is 10dB Below Input RF (meters) 150 210 X 80 80* X 70 70* 150 210 115 115 115 1115* 170 170* X 170 230 X 275 375 CommScope Part Number Plenum Rated Solid Copper Conductor 2065V Yes X 2022V Yes 5572R No 5565 No X 2279V Yes X 2275V Yes X 5726 No X 5765 No 2293K Yes Copper Clad Conductor RG-59 RG-6 RG-11 2285K Yes X 240
A.2 Fiber Optical Cables • Connects the Main Hub to Expansion Hub(s) • Transmits (downlink) and receives (uplink) optical signals • Carries configuration and status information • Use industry-standard 62.5µm/125µm MMF or Corning SMF-28 fiber, or equivalent. • SC/APC (angle-polished) connectors are required throughout the fiber network (port-to-port), including fiber distribution panels • Distances: • Multi-mode Fiber: up to 1.
A.4 Standard Modem Cable This cable (PN 4028-10) connects a modem to the Fusion Hub’s front panel serial port.
A.5 TCP/IP Cross-over Cable A TCP/IP cross-over cable (PN 4069-ADB) is used to connect a standard browser PC to the AdminBrowser with a Fusion Hub. A cable is included with the Fusion Hub. The pinouts for this cable are illustrated in Figure A-2.
A.6 DB-25 to DB-9 Null Modem Cable Use a DB-9 female to DB-9 female null modem cable to connect the craft person’s PC/Laptop to the RS-232 port on the front of the Fusion Hub for IP address configuration. Table A-2 lists the cable pinout and Figure A-3 shows a diagram of its wiring.
Compliance APPENDIX B B.1 Fusion System Approval Status InterReach Fusion has been approved as shown below. 800 SMR/iDEN Products • Safety: UL 60950, 3rd Edition • EMC: FCC part 15 class A • Radio: FCC Part90 850 Cellular Products • Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 90950 will all national deviations.
900 GSM/EGSM Products-Pending • Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 90950 will all national deviations. • Radio: EN 301 502 V.7.0.1 (2000-08) • EMC: EN 301 489-8 V.1.1.1 (2000-09), CISPR 24: 1998 1900 PCS Products • Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 90950 will all national deviations. • EMC: FCC part 15 class A • Radio: FCC part 24 2100 UMTS Products-Pending • Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 90950 will all national deviations. • EMC: ETSI TS 125 113 125 113: V4.3.
B.2 Human Exposure to RF The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted limits of human exposure to radio frequency (RF) emissions from portable or fixed RF systems that are regulated by the FCC. The exposure limits on the incident electric and magnetic fields and power densities are based on ANSI/IEEE and NCRP RF Safety Guidelines.
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Faults, Warnings, Status Tables APPENDIX C This appendix contains the following sections: • Section C.1 Fault Messages Reported by Hubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 • Section C.2 Faults Reported for System CPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5 • Section C.3 Faults for RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6 • Section C.4 Warning/Status Messages for Hubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7 • Section C.
NOTE: If you have a red STATUS LED without a fault message, it probably indicates that the unit is locked out. Table C-1 C-2 CONFIDENTIAL Fault Messages for Hubs Message Number Description Reason/Action {MF01} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the Hub. {MF02} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the Hub. {MF03} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the Hub.
Table C-1 Fault Messages for Hubs (continued) Message Number Description {MF34} Hardware failure (UL PLL Band 3). Cycle power once. If fault persists, replace the Hub. {MF35} Commanded Out-of-service (Band 3). Band 3 commanded out-of-service by User. {MF36} Problem detected in the Hub. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. {MF37} Problem detected in the Hub Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. {MF38} Problem detected in the Hub.
Table C-1 C-4 CONFIDENTIAL Fault Messages for Hubs (continued) Message Number Description Reason/Action {MF151} Port 7 Cable Fault. Possible electrical short in the coax cable, or RAU problem. {MF152} Port 8 Cable Fault. Possible electrical short in the coax cable, or RAU problem. {MF153} Port 1 Trip. Remote Unit is drawing too much current. {MF154} Port 2 Trip. Remote Unit is drawing too much current. {MF155} Port 3 Trip. Remote Unit is drawing too much current. {MF156} Port 4 Trip.
C.2 Faults Reported for System CPU Table C-2 Faults for System CPU Message Number Description Reason/Action {SF01} No internal communications. No internal communications in preceding 2 minutes. Power cycle to clear. {SF02} Problem detected in the system CPU. System CPU performed self reboot to clear. {SF03} Problem detected in the system CPU. System CPU performed self reboot to clear. {SF04} Problem detected in the system CPU. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information.
C.3 Faults for RAUs Table C-3 C-6 CONFIDENTIAL Faults for RAUs Message Number Description Reason/Action {RF01} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the RAU. {RF02} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the RAU. {RF03} Software error occurred and recovered. If this happens repeatedly, replace the RAU. {RF04} Software reset occurred and recovered, or firmware download. If this happens repeatedly, replace the RAU.
C.4 Warning/Status Messages for Hubs Warning Messages Warnings alert you to conditions that indicate possible service impact. Warnings are displayed in the Messages pane in red lettering. Before addressing warnings, ensure that all faults are resolved. Take appropriate action to resolve the warnings, as indicated in the following tables. NOTE: AdminBrowser v0000007 or higher displays events (faults, warnings, or status messages) depending on your view preference.
[Mnn]/X where nn equals the message number, and X equals the default of either Status (S) or Warning (W). Table C-4 C-8 CONFIDENTIAL Warnings/Status Messages for Hubs Message Number/ Default Description Reason/Action [M01]/S Fan 1 failure. Check the fan for rotation, air flow blockage, and dust. Replace the Hub on high temperature warning. [M02]/S Fan 2 failure. Check the fan for rotation, air flow blockage, and dust. Replace the Hub on high temperature warning.
Table C-4 Warnings/Status Messages for Hubs (continued) Message Number/ Default Description Reason/Action [M30]/S Problem detected in the system. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. [M31]/S Problem detected in the system. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. [M32]/S Problem detected in the system. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. [M33]/S Hardware failure (Test Tone PLL Band 3). Unable to perform DL system test.
Table C-4 C-10 CONFIDENTIAL Warnings/Status Messages for Hubs (continued) Message Number/ Default Description Reason/Action [M66]/S Problem detected in the Hub. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. [M67]/S Problem detected in the Hub. Contact LGC Wireless Support for more information. [M68]/S No UL test tone (Port 4/Band 1). Hub/Port UL path gain is low. [M69]/S No UL test tone (Band 2). Hub/Port UL path gain is low. [M70]/S No UL test tone (Port 2/Band 2).
Table C-4 Warnings/Status Messages for Hubs (continued) Message Number/ Default Description Reason/Action [M92]/W Port 4 UL path loss is high. Check the cable for high RF loss. Switch the cable connection to a different hub port. If the problem is on more than one port, replace the Hub, otherwise replace the RAU. [M93]/W Port 5 UL path loss is high. Check the cable for high RF loss. Switch the cable connection to a different hub port.
C.5 Warning/Status Messages for System CPUs In Table C-5, the message number is in the following form: [Snn]/X where nn equals the message number, and X equals the default of either Status (S) or Warning (W). Table C-5 C-12 CONFIDENTIAL Warning/Status Messages for System CPUs Message Number/ Default Description Reason/Action [S01]/W Alarm Input 1. Check equipment connected to alarm input 1. [S02]/W Alarm Input 2. Check equipment connected to alarm input 2. [S03]/W Alarm Input 3.
C.6 Warning /Status Messages for RAUs In Table C-6, the message number is in the following form: [Rnn]/X where nn equals the message number, and X equals the default of either Status (S) or Warning (W). Table C-6 Warning/Status Messages for RAUs Message Number Default Description Reason/Action [R01]/W Temperature High. Check RAU location for excessive temperature; check for air flow blockage and/or incorrect installation. Move the RAU to a cooler environment. [R02]/W No communications from Hub.
C-14 CONFIDENTIAL InterReach Fusion Installation, Operation, and Referencer Manual D-620TBD-0-20 Rev A
