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Adaptec, Inc. 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 Copyright © 1994-1995, Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Printed in Singapore STOCK NO.: 510609-00, Rev. B KL 1/95 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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Copyright Copyright © 1994-1995 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Adaptec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035. Trademarks Adaptec, the Adaptec logo, AVA, EZ-SCSI, FLEXI-Driver, and SCSISelect are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions.
■ To request additional documentation for Adaptec products, call 800-934-2766 or 510-732-3829, M–F: 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time. FCC Compliance Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in residential installations.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Table of Contents Preface Inside This Document xi Conventions xii Advisories xiii 1 Introduction About This Chapter 1-1 Overview 1-3 Features 1-4 Compatibility 1-4 Configuration Flexibility 1-4 Standard Device Support 1-5 Additional Support Through Adaptec EZ-SCSI Lite 1-5 Standard IDE or EIDE Support Through Disk Manager and FLEXI-Driver (AVA-2825 only) 1-6 Fast Data Transfer Rates 1-6 Advanced Fast SCSI-2 Implementation 1-7 Host Adapter Performance 1-7 System Requirements 1-8 Product Specificati
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Standard IDE or EIDE Controller (AVA-2825 Only) 2-7 Host Adapter BIOS Address 2-8 Installing the Host Adapter 2-8 Connecting SCSI Devices 2-10 Maximum SCSI Cable Lengths 2-10 Connecting Internal SCSI Devices 2-11 Connecting External SCSI Devices 2-13 Terminating the SCSI Bus 2-15 Internal and External SCSI Devices 2-15 Internal SCSI Devices Only 2-16 External SCSI Devices Only 2-17 Setting SCSI IDs 2-17 Connecting Floppy Drives (AVA-2822/2825 Only) 2-18 Connecting Standard I
Table of Contents 4 Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) About This Chapter 4-1 Standard IDE and EIDE Overview 4-3 Configuring the Computer’s CMOS Setup 4-4 Using Disk Manager Software with Large Standard IDE or EIDE Drives 4-4 Installing FLEXI-Driver Software 4-6 A Troubleshooting About This Appendix A-1 SCSI Troubleshooting Checklist A-3 SCSI Problems and Solutions A-4 Host Adapter Conflicts A-6 BIOS Startup Messages A-6 Standard IDE or EIDE Problems and Solutions A-8 Hardware A-8 Software
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide C Floptical Drive Support About This Appendix C-1 Floptical and Floppy Device Support C-3 Floptical Installation C-3 Floppy Device Drive Assignment C-4 VHD Format C-4 Glossary Index viii A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ List of Figures Figure 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 AVA-2820 Layout 2-4 2-6 Connecting the SCSI Ribbon Cable to an Internal SCSI Device 2-12 2-7 2-8 Connecting Subsequent Internal SCSI Devices 2-12 2-9 Connecting the External SCSI Cable to an External SCSI Device 2-14 2-10 2-11 Connecting Multiple External SCSI Devices 2-14 2-12 Termination Configuration with Internal SCSI Devices Only 2-16 2-13 Termination Configuration with External SCSI Devices Only 2-17 2-14 Connecting the Floppy Ribbon
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Figure 2-19 Connecting a Second Standard IDE or EIDE Drive 2-24 2-20 SCSI/Standard IDE or EIDE LED Connector 2-25 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 BIOS Banner 3-4 SCSISelect Options Menu 3-4 Configure/View Host Adapter Settings Screen 3-5 Host Adapter SCSI Termination Selection 3-6 SCSI Device Configuration Screen 3-7 Advanced Configuration Options Screen 3-10 SCSI Disk Utilities Screen 3-12 x A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Preface Inside This Document This document provides information on how to install and configure Adaptec® AVA™ -2820, AVA-2822, and AVA-2825 host adapters in 486 (and above) ISA VL-Bus computers. In this document, these host adapters are referred to collectively as the AVA-2820/2822/2825. Chapter 1 Introduction provides general information about and lists the features of the AVA-2820/2822/2825 host adapters.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Appendix B Large SCSI Disk Drive Support describes Adaptec’s extended BIOS translation feature, which allows you to support SCSI disk drives up to 8 Gigabytes (GBytes) in size. Appendix C Floptical Drive Support has information about installing and using Floptical® drives. Conventions The following typographic conventions are used in this document. bold Used for keystrokes (… press the Enter key …).
Preface Advisories Advisories are quick notes that stress an important point or warn of a potential hazard to you or your system. This document uses three kinds of advisories: Note: Text set off in this way presents reminders, tips, or suggestions that may make it easier for you to install, configure, and use your host adapter. Caution: Failure to observe this kind of advisory could result in loss of data or damage to your system and installed devices.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 Introduction About This Chapter Read this chapter to find out ■ An overview of the AVA-2820/2822/2825 host adapters ■ The features of the AVA-2820/2822/2825 ■ Information on Adaptec’s EZ-SCSI Lite software that provides driver support for most SCSI devices and makes driver installation easier than ever before 1-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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Introduction ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 Overview Adaptec has combined the power of the VESA local bus (VL-Bus) and Adaptec’s SCSI technology to give you a potent combination of I/O performance and connectivity for the DOS/Windows environment.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide features and minimizes the need to handle jumpers while installing the board or adding peripherals. Adaptec EZ-SCSITM Lite is a menu-driven software package that installs drivers and configures your DOS/Windows system and peripherals automatically. The aspi2dos ASPI manager enables optimal performance of SCSI devices in DOS and Windows. EZ-SCSI Lite allows your computer to access up to seven SCSI devices and has many features that make it easy to connect SCSI devices.
Introduction ■ Easy configuration of features such as selection of interrupts, host adapter SCSI ID, parity checking, and termination with BIOS-resident SCSISelect configuration utility Standard Device Support ■ Up to two hard disk drives under DOS through onboard BIOS (whether SCSI, standard IDE or EIDE hard disk drives) ■ Per computer, two physical standard IDE or EIDE drives on an installed AVA-2825 ■ Two floppy drives (including 2.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide ■ Graphical, fully automated Windows-based installation program with extensive online Help (DOS installation program also included) ■ Online tutorial application provides useful information about SCSI topics ■ Utility programs to format and partition SCSI devices, view SCSI configuration information, play audio CDs, etc.
Introduction SCSI ■ Up to 10.0 MBytes/sec synchronous Fast SCSI data rate ■ Up to 5.0 MBytes/sec synchronous SCSI data rate ■ Up to 3.0 MBytes/sec asynchronous SCSI data rate Standard IDE or EIDE (AVA-2825 only) ■ 3.3 MBytes/sec standard IDE data transfer rate ■ 5.0, 8.3, 11.1, or 16.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide System Requirements The following are minimum requirements for installing the AVA-2820/2822/2825: ■ An 486 VL-Bus computer system or higher ■ An available VL-Bus expansion bus slot The following are additional requirements for installing EZ-SCSI Lite, Disk Manager, and FLEXI-Driver software: ■ MS-DOS and IBM DOS 3.3 or above ■ Microsoft Windows 3.1x.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 2 Installation About This Chapter Read this chapter to find out ■ An overview of installing your host adapter and peripheral devices ■ The default settings of the host adapter ■ Jumper and switch settings and how to change them ■ Instructions for installing the host adapter, SCSI devices, floppy drives, and standard IDE or EIDE drives 2-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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Installation ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 2 Installation Overview This chapter guides you through installing your host adapter and peripheral devices. An overview of the installation steps is listed below. The steps should be performed in the order they appear.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Caution: The host adapter is sensitive to static electricity; even a mild shock can destroy a component on it. Keep the host adapter in its conductive wrapping until you are ready to install it in your computer. Before handling the host adapter, always ground yourself by touching an unpainted surface on your computer chassis. Host Adapter Layout Figure 2-1 shows the major components on the AVA-2820. J1 S1 J4 J7 J5 U12 Figure 2-1.
Installation Figure 2-3 shows the major components on the AVA-2825. J1 J2 S1 J7 J3 J4 J5 U12 Figure 2-3. AVA-2825 Layout The table below describes some components on the host adapters.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Default Settings Your host adapter is already configured for the majority of computers. The table below lists the default settings. See Chapter 3, SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect for other default settings available through SCSISelect.
Installation Floppy Controller (AVA-2822/2825 Only) Switch sw1 on the switch block allows you to enable or disable the onboard floppy controller on the AVA-2822/2825. The floppy controller is enabled by default. Make sure only one floppy controller in the computer is enabled. See Connecting Floppy Drives (AVA-2822/2825 Only) on page 2-18 for more details.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Host Adapter BIOS Address Switches sw3 and sw4 on the switch block allow you to select the BIOS address for the AVA-2820/2822/2825. The BIOS is permanently enabled.
Installation 2 Locate an unused VL-Bus slot in your computer and remove the corresponding slot cover. Slot Covers VL-Bus Slots Figure 2-4. VL-Bus Slot Diagram 3 Carefully remove the host adapter from the antistatic bag. Place the host adapter on top of the bag if you need to set it down. 4 5 Align and insert the host adapter in the VL-Bus slot. Secure the host adapter in your computer with the screw provided with the expansion slot cover.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Connecting SCSI Devices This section details cabling SCSI devices. Connect Floptical drives as any other SCSI device, then see Appendix C, Floptical Drive Support for configuration information. For connecting floppy drives, see Connecting Floppy Drives (AVA-2822/2825 Only) on page 2-18. For connecting standard IDE or EIDE drives, see Connecting Standard IDE or EIDE Drives (AVA-2825 Only) on page 2-21.
Installation Connecting Internal SCSI Devices Internal SCSI devices use a 50-pin flat SCSI ribbon cable with a 50-pin header internal connector. The cable has connectors at each end and two connectors in the middle; this allows you to connect three internal SCSI devices. To connect four or more internal SCSI devices to a SCSI bus, obtain a 50-pin SCSI ribbon cable with enough connectors to accommodate all of your internal SCSI devices.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide 2 Attach the connector on the other end of the 50-pin SCSI ribbon cable to the SCSI connector on the internal SCSI device. Pin 1 Colored Stripe Internal SCSI Device Figure 2-6. Connecting the SCSI Ribbon Cable to an Internal SCSI Device 3 To connect subsequent internal SCSI devices, plug the other connectors on the SCSI ribbon cable to the SCSI connectors on these devices.
Installation Connecting External SCSI Devices External SCSI devices are usually daisy-chained to the host adapter. This means that a simple two-ended cable runs from the host adapter to the connector on the first external SCSI device. A second connector on the back of the external SCSI device allows another cable to connect it with the second device in the chain. External SCSI devices use a 50-pin shielded cable with a highdensity external connector.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide 2 Attach the other connector of the external cable to either one of the SCSI connectors on the external SCSI device. 50-pin External SCSI Cable External SCSI Device Figure 2-9. Connecting the External SCSI Cable to an External SCSI Device 3 To connect subsequent external SCSI devices, obtain additional external cables and daisy-chain each device to the previous device until all external SCSI devices have been connected. 50-pin External SCSI Cables Figure 2-10.
Installation Terminating the SCSI Bus To reduce signal reflections on the SCSI bus, the first and last physical SCSI devices (including the host adapter) must have a set of resistors called terminators either installed or enabled. Identify which two SCSI devices form the physical endpoints of your SCSI bus, then terminate these devices. All other SCSI devices installed between the ends of the SCSI bus must have their terminators either removed or disabled.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide middle of the SCSI bus, and does not form a physical endpoint, host adapter termination must be disabled with SCSISelect. Host Adapter Termination Disabled Termination Enabled No Termination No Termination No Termination Termination Enabled Figure 2-11.
Installation External SCSI Devices Only When only external SCSI devices are connected to the host adapter and the host adapter is at the end of the SCSI bus, the last external SCSI device and the host adapter must be terminated. Host Adapter Termination Enabled No Termination No Termination Termination Enabled Figure 2-13. Termination Configuration with External SCSI Devices Only Setting SCSI IDs Each SCSI device (including the host adapter) on the SCSI bus must be set to a unique SCSI ID.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide ■ SCSI ID 0 is best reserved for the SCSI hard disk drive used as your computer’s boot device or the first SCSI drive in general. ■ SCSI ID 1 is best reserved for a second SCSI hard disk drive. Changing the SCSI ID setting for the host adapter is software selectable only and is done through your host adapter ’s SCSISelect utility. Refer to Host Adapter SCSI ID on page 3-6 for instructions.
Installation To connect floppy drives, follow these steps: 1 Attach the connector at one end of the 34-pin floppy ribbon cable to the floppy connector on the host adapter. Note: Maintain pin-1 orientation. Pin 1 of the floppy ribbon cable is designated by a colored stripe on one edge of the cable. Pin 1 of the host adapter or floppy drive connector is usually designated by an arrow, a delta symbol (▲), or a ‘1’ on the connector.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide 2 Attach the connector at the other end of the 34-pin floppy ribbon cable (the end with the twist in the cable) to the connector on the first floppy drive (Drive A). Maintain pin-1 orientation. Pin 1 Colored Stripe 1st Floppy Disk Drive Figure 2-15. Connecting the Floppy Ribbon Cable to the First Floppy Drive 3 To connect a second floppy drive, plug the middle connector on the floppy ribbon cable to the connector on the second floppy drive (Drive B).
Installation Connecting Standard IDE or EIDE Drives (AVA-2825 Only) Standard IDE or EIDE disk drives are connected to the host adapter by a 40-pin standard IDE or EIDE ribbon cable with a 40-pin header connector. Up to two physical standard IDE or EIDE disk drives can be connected to the host adapter. See Chapter 4, Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) for configuring standard IDE or EIDE drives and Standard IDE or EIDE Problems and Solutions on page A-8 for troubleshooting information.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide usually done through setting jumpers or switches on the disk controller. See your computer ’s documentation for details. Note: If the IDE controller is on a separate board, you may be able to remove it if the board is not also used for floppy drive support, serial ports, etc. 4 Attach the connector at one end of the 40-pin standard IDE or EIDE ribbon cable to the AVA-2825 standard IDE or EIDE connector. Note: Maintain pin-1 orientation.
Installation 5 Attach the connector at the other end of the 40-pin standard IDE or EIDE ribbon cable to the connector on the first standard IDE or EIDE drive. Maintain pin-1 orientation. Pin 1 Colored Stripe Standard IDE or EIDE Disk Drive Standard IDE or EIDE Ribbon Cable Figure 2-18.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Pin 1 Colored Stripe To Host Adapter Second Standard IDE or EIDE Disk Drive To First Standard IDE or EIDE Drive Figure 2-19. Connecting a Second Standard IDE or EIDE Drive Connecting the SCSI/Standard IDE or EIDE Activity LED Most computers have an LED (Light Emitting Diode) on the front panel. This light shows hard disk drive activity.
Installation Note: On computers with a two-position LED cable, connect the LED cable connector to pins 1 and 2 of J1. Two-position LED Cable Pin 1 LED Connector J1 Figure 2-20.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide – If you are using the AVA-2822/2825 floppy controller Make sure that the floppy drive(s) is connected to the host adapter with the 34-pin floppy ribbon cable with proper pin-1 orientation. Make sure the floppy controller in the computer is disabled.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 3 SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect About This Chapter Read this chapter to find out about ■ Configuring your host adapter and SCSI devices with the SCSISelect utility ■ Disk formatting and verifying utilities available in SCSISelect 3-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 3 SCSISelect Overview The AVA-2820/2822/2825 includes the onboard, menu-driven SCSISelect configuration utility, which allows you to change host adapter and SCSI bus settings without opening the computer or handling the host adapter. Use SCSISelect to change the default settings which may conflict with other devices (e.g., SCSI ID), perform low-level formatting on new SCSI disk devices, or verify SCSI disk media.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Running SCSISelect To run SCSISelect, turn ON or reboot your computer. During system startup, the AVA-2820/2822/2825 briefly displays a BIOS banner similar to Figure 3-1. The BIOS banner includes a description of each SCSI device connected to the host adapter and its corresponding SCSI ID number. Adaptec AVA-2820/2822/2825 BIOS v1.00 (c) 1994 Adaptec, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect Use the cursor (↑↓) and Enter keys to make selections. Press Esc at any time to return to the previous menu. Note: Press F5 to toggle between color and monochrome modes. (This feature does not work on all monitors.) Press F6 to reset all settings to their defaults. The defaults are marked with an asterisk (*) on all selection submenus.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Host Adapter Interrupt (IRQ) Channel Each add-in board installed in your computer, including the host adapter, must be assigned a unique IRQ. This interrupt allows the host adapter to send a message and get the immediate attention of the computer ’s CPU (central processing unit). Select this option to configure the IRQ for the host adapter. The default setting is 11. Host Adapter SCSI ID This option allows you to change the host adapter SCSI ID.
SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect Disable this feature only if the host adapter is in the middle of the SCSI bus, usually if both the internal and external SCSI connectors are used. Refer to Terminating the SCSI Bus on page 2-15 for additional termination information. SCSI Device Configuration This option allows you to configure certain parameters of each SCSI device connected on the SCSI bus. When this option is selected, a screen similar to Figure 3-5 appears.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Devices that negotiate synchronous data transfer rates can maintain a much higher conversation speed than devices that do not support this feature. When Initiate Sync Negotiation is set to yes, the host adapter initiates synchronous negotiation with the SCSI device. When set to no, the host adapter does not initiate synchronous negotiation with the SCSI device. The host adapter, however, always responds to synchronous negotiation initiated from the SCSI device.
SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect Enable Disconnection This option determines whether the host adapter allows a SCSI device to disconnect from the SCSI bus (sometimes called disconnect/reconnect). Disconnection allows the host adapter to perform other operations on the SCSI bus while the SCSI device is temporarily disconnected. When set to yes, the SCSI device may disconnect from the SCSI bus.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Dynamically Scan SCSI Bus for BIOS Devices must be enabled for Include in BIOS Scan to appear in the SCSI Device Configuration Options screen; refer to Advanced Configuration Options below. Advanced Configuration Options When this option is selected, a screen similar to Figure 3-6 appears. These settings do not normally need modification. Do not change these options unless you fully understand the ramifications. Adaptec AVA-2820/2822/2825 SCSISelect(TM) Utility v1.
SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect Caution: If a removable-media SCSI device is controlled by the host adapter BIOS, do not remove the media while the system is powered-on or data loss could occur! If you want to remove media while the system is powered, install device drivers. Refer to Additional Support Through Adaptec EZ-SCSI Lite on page 1-5. The following choices are available for this option: ■ Boot Only—Only the removable-media drive designated as the boot device is treated as a fixed disk.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Dynamically Scan SCSI Bus for BIOS Devices Enable this option to access and boot from a SCSI drive. When this option is enabled, the Include In BIOS Scan option appears on the SCSI Device Configuration screen; there, you can select which devices are scanned for booting. When this option is disabled, the SCSI boot drive must be set to SCSI ID 0. The default is enabled.
SCSI Configuration with SCSISelect Format Disk The Format Disk utility starts the Adaptec SCSI low-level format utility. This utility is compatible with the vast majority of SCSI disk drives. Your hard disk media must be low-level formatted before you can use your operating system’s partitioning and file preparation commands, such as MS-DOS fdisk and format. Most SCSI disk devices are preformatted, and do not need reformatting.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 4 Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) About This Chapter Read this chapter to find out about ■ Setting up your standard IDE or EIDE drives with the AVA-2825 host adapter ■ Configuring your computer ’s CMOS setup to recognize the standard IDE or EIDE drives ■ Installing Disk Manager and FLEXI-Driver software for use with your standard IDE or EIDE drives on the AVA-2825 4-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA
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Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 4 Standard IDE and EIDE Overview Standard IDE and EIDE is an interface scheme used to transport data in most computers. It has different specifications and requirements than SCSI. Configuration for standard IDE or EIDE disk drives is done by the motherboard BIOS, not the SCSI controller.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Configuring the Computer’s CMOS Setup If you simply moved your standard IDE or EIDE drive(s) from the computer’s disk controller to the AVA-2825, skip to Installing FLEXI-Driver Software below. If you added one or two standard IDE or EIDE drives to the computer, follow these steps: 1 Enter the CMOS setup for your computer. See your computer documentation for details. 2 Specify drive type information (cylinders, heads, etc.) as required for your computer.
Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) Caution: You must use the version of Disk Manager included with the AVA-2825. If an older version of Disk Manager is already installed on your computer, update it with this newer version. Otherwise, your IDE/EIDE disk drive may not operate reliably with the AVA-2825.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Disk Manager then partitions the disk, and performs a high-level format. Other Disk Manager installation options are available. For more information, see the FLEXI-Driver and Ontrack Disk Manager IDE/ EIDE Hard Disk Software Installation Guide. Installing FLEXI-Driver Software FLEXI-Driver is a device driver that allows you to easily use standard IDE or higher performance EIDE drives with your AVA-2825 host adapter.
Standard IDE or EIDE Configuration (AVA-2825 Only) view Help information. Press Esc to exit from a Help screen or to exit the Install program. a The Install program scans your computer for an Adaptec standard IDE or EIDE controller. Controller information is then listed on the bottom of the screen. Press Enter to continue. b The Install program scans your computer for standard IDE or EIDE drives and displays them at the bottom of the screen.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide e The Install program prompts you to install FLEXI-Driver for Windows. Accept the default directory of c:\windows or type the full path name where Windows is located and press Enter. Install updates your system.ini file and saves the previous version as system.bak. If you do not want to install FLEXI-Driver for Windows, press Esc. If Windows is not installed, you will not be able to install FLEXI-Driver for Windows; press Esc.
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Troubleshooting ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ A SCSI Troubleshooting Checklist The AVA-2820/2822/2825 host adapters have been tested for compatibility with popular SCSI devices. Most problems that might occur during installation can be traced to errors in preparing devices on the SCSI bus. The following suggestions should help you to solve any problems you may encounter. If you need more help in getting the host adapter running properly, see Adaptec Technical Support and Services on page ii.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide SCSI Problems and Solutions The screen is difficult to read when I run SCSISelect. Press F5 to toggle the display between color and monochrome modes. This may make the screen easier to read. I installed the host adapter, and my computer will not boot from the SCSI disk drive. If both SCSI and non-SCSI disk drives are installed, then the nonSCSI disk drive is always the boot device.
Troubleshooting ■ Sense Key (e.g., 06h - Unit Attention)—You can probably determine from the Sense Key information both the cause of the problem and its solution. The following are some of the more common Sense Key values and their meanings: 02h - Not ready The media is not ready to format. Be sure that the media is inserted in the drive and that the media is spun-up. 03h - Medium error The disk media may be defective. If it is a removable-media drive, try using a different media.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Host Adapter Conflicts I installed my host adapter at IRQ 12, and it does not work properly. What is wrong? Another device such as a mouse may be using IRQ 12. Change the adapter’s IRQ to the default value (IRQ 11) or to another value that is not being used by another board in the computer. See Configure/ View Host Adapter Settings on page 3-5. I’m having problems with my host adapter; it is not working properly.
Troubleshooting 2 Back up the data on the disk device, if you want to save it. Caution: All data on the target drive will be lost when you run the Format Disk utility. Back up your data! 3 Perform a SCSI low-level format with the Format Disk utility under SCSI Disk Utilities. See Format Disk on page 3-13. 4 Run SCSISelect again and set Extended BIOS Translation to Enabled. 5 6 Partition the drive again. Restore data to the disk device.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Standard IDE or EIDE Problems and Solutions Hardware I connected two standard IDE or EIDE drives to the AVA-2825 and the system only sees one. The first standard IDE or EIDE drive must be set up as the master drive and the second (if any) as the slave drive. The master drive must be assigned drive C in the CMOS setup. See your drive’s documentation. Some standard IDE or EIDE drives may not be compatible with each other in a specific configuration.
Troubleshooting I connected my Mode 1 IDE drive to the AVA-2825, and it is not performing as well as I expected. IDE drives operate in a range of performance levels, and some drives report their mode incorrectly. For these reasons, Mode 1 and Mode 2 drives do not always perform as well as expected. I installed two IDE drives on the AVA-2825 host adapter. Now a phantom partition which I cannot access appears on the second drive. Remove the partition from the second drive.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide If the line is missing from config.sys or the file is not in the directory, reinstall FLEXI-Driver from the floppy diskette as described in Installing FLEXI-Driver Software on page 4-6. FLEXI-Driver software must be installed from the floppy diskette for correct operation. If you simply copy the driver from the floppy disk to the hard disk the installation utility cannot evaluate your system configuration and set the appropriate driver features.
Troubleshooting The system reports a disk allocation problem (or equivalent) at bootup. Try one of the following suggested fixes: ■ Boot your system from a floppy diskette. In the config.sys move the command line device=c:\flexidrv\flexidrv.sys after any memory or disk management utility commands. FLEXI-Driver may conflict with some versions of memory and disk management utilities. Typically this type of problem is easily solved by changing the order of the commands.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide ■ Make sure that the following lines are in the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file and that the device=*wdctrl line is commented out: 32BitDiskAccess=On device=c:\windows\system\flexidrv.386 ■ If the changes are correct as described, and Windows still does not load properly, edit the system.ini file and reverse the changes to enable the standard Windows operating mode.
Troubleshooting My standard IDE (or EIDE) drive runs very slowly under Windows. Be sure that FLEXI-Driver for Windows is installed. If it is installed, be sure that the following lines are in the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file and that the device=*wdctrl line is commented out: 32BitDiskAccess=On device=c:\windows\system\flexidrv.386 ❒ A-13 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ B Large SCSI Disk Drive Support About This Appendix Read this appendix to find out ■ An overview of Extended BIOS Translation and the DOS 1 GByte limit for SCSI drives ■ When to use the Extended BIOS Translation feature ■ Questions and answers about Extended BIOS Translation B-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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Large SCSI Disk Drive Support ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ B Extended BIOS Translation As SCSI disk drives have recently grown beyond 1 GByte in formatted capacity, they have run up against the DOS cylinder limit. All current versions of DOS are limited to 1024 cylinders per drive. The standard translation scheme for SCSI host adapters, using 64 heads and 32 sectors, provides a maximum accessible capacity of 1 GByte.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Caution: Do not enable the Extended BIOS Translation feature in non-DOS environments. With Mixed Partition Drives Do not use Extended BIOS Translation on drives formatted with two or more partitions for different operating systems. Use standard translation because the sum of the DOS partitions will be less than 1 GByte. Partitions for UNIX and NetWare can be larger than 1 GByte when using standard translation. UNIX is understood to be AT&T/USL all versions, SCO v3.2.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ C Floptical Drive Support About This Appendix Read this appendix to find out ■ How the host adapter supports Floptical drives ■ Floptical drive assignment ■ Necessary formatting utilities C-1 A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide A AA A A Stock Number: 510609-00, Rev.
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Floptical Drive Support ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ C Floptical and Floppy Device Support Floptical drives are only supported by the DOS (3.0 and above) and Windows (3.0 and above). Floptical support for the host adapter BIOS is enabled with SCSISelect, see BIOS Support for Floptical Drives on page 3-12 for instructions. The AVA-2820/2822/2825 BIOS supports standard 3.5-inch VHD (Very High Density) 21 MByte Floptical diskettes, without requiring driver software. The 3.5-inch Floptical drives also support 720 KByte and 1.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Floppy Device Drive Assignment Since Floptical drives are similar to floppy drives, Drives A and B in the DOS environment may be assigned to either standard floppy drives or Floptical drives. Drive assignments vary, however, according to DOS versions. In general, versions of DOS prior to 5.0 map third and fourth floppy devices before hard disk drives. DOS 5.0 and later map third and fourth floppy drives after the hard disk drives.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Glossary A Adaptec EZ-SCSI A software program that automatically configures your computer to use the Adaptec SCSI host adapter and SCSI devices connected to it. EZ-SCSI copies applications and device drivers to the computer’s hard disk drive. In nearly every case, the computer and SCSI devices are configured correctly when the default values are accepted. Advanced SCSI Programming Interface See ASPI.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide computer is the special program used to boot and control the computer. Most Adaptec host adapters include an onboard BIOS that initializes the SCSI bus, runs bootup diagnostics, and performs other functions. BIOS Address The address in computer memory where the host adapter BIOS code is stored when you boot the computer. Bus C CD-ROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory. A high-capacity disc medium for storing data files and software programs.
Glossary Cylinder Disconnect/Reconnect A pair of tracks that lie over each other on the opposite sides of a disk. The heads in a disk device can write data to the tracks in a cylinder without moving. Cylinders are arranged in concentric circles radiating from the center of the disk device. D Disconnect occurs when a target releases control of the SCSI bus, allowing the bus to go to the Bus Free phase. Reconnect occurs when a target selects an initiator to continue an operation after a disconnect.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide computer. Double buffering means that the driver keeps one data buffer in the area between 0 KByte and 640 KBytes (for compatibility with older disk drive software) and another identical buffer in the memory area above 1 MByte. Driver See Device Driver. EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture. A kind of computer bus.
Glossary F DOS partitions on the media if you use this format. Fast SCSI A SCSI standard that allows data to be transferred at up to 10 MBytes/sec on an 8-bit SCSI bus and up to 20 MBytes/sec on a 16-bit (Wide) SCSI bus. The Fast SCSI bus is limited to 3 meters of cable. FAT File Allocation Table. A table, stored on disk media, that DOS uses to locate the blocks in which it writes data to a disk.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Host Adapter BIOS Internal SCSI Device See BIOS. A SCSI device such as a hard disk drive or a CD-ROM drive installed inside a computer case. Internal SCSI devices are connected to the SCSI bus with a flat ribbon cable. I IBM PC-AT Compatible Any computer that emulates exactly the IBM PC-AT and uses an ISA backplane bus. Interrupt Request Channel See IRQ. ICU ISA Configuration Utility. This utility helps users to determine optimal configurations.
Glossary J logical drives with different drive letters. Jumper Shunt A small removable metal and plastic device used to make an electrical connection between pairs of metal pins on a jumper block. You can install a jumper shunt on a jumper block to enable or disable certain features of a host adapter or some other device. K Logical Unit A device that is addressed when an initiator (usually the host adapter) sends a Read or Write command to a target.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide Motherboard The main printed circuit board in a computer. The motherboard normally contains the computer’s CPU, memory chips, expansion bus, and other important components. It also has expansion slots in which host adapters and other expansion boards can be inserted. Multisession A CD-ROM drive that is multisession capable can read CD-ROMs containing data written in more than one session.
Glossary PC-AT PIO A family of small computers sold by IBM, also called the Personal Computer-AT family of computers. The name is trademarked by IBM. See Programmed Input/Output. Peripheral Device Any optional input or output device, such as a printer or CD-ROM drive, that connects to a computer’s CPU. For SCSI peripherals this connection is made via the SCSI bus.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide S device may be an initiator, a target, or capable of both types of operation. SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface. A bus interface standard that defines physical and electrical characteristics for hardware devices. (The original SCSI standard is sometimes called SCSI-1.) SCSI provides a standard interface that enables many different kinds of devices, such as disk drives, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROM drives, and tape drives to interface with the host computer.
Glossary common ground carried on the cable between the attached SCSI components. Most SCSI devices use single-ended grounding. Single-ended is less expensive than differential SCSI and allows a maximum bus length of 3 meters. Single-threaded Operation A mode of computer operation in which only one program or process can operate or be active at any time.
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide run and generally improves system performance. V VESA Video Electronics Standard Association. An international, non-profit organization of computer equipment and software manufacturers that defines and promotes video standards for the VL-Bus technology. VL-Bus VESA Local Bus. A local bus technology that allows hard disk drives, video cards, and other peripherals to send data directly to and receive data directly from the computer ’s CPU.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Index A Adaptec Electronic Bulletin Board Service ii Adaptec Interactive Fax ii Adaptec Software, Ordering ii Arbitration Phase 2-17 ASPI Manager 1-6 aspi2dos 1-4 Asynchronous Negotiation 3-7 Asynchronous Support 1-7 B BIOS 2-5, 2-6, 2-8, 3-10, 3-11, 3-12, 4-3, A-6, B-3 BIOS Address 2-8 BIOS Banner 3-4 BIOS Support C-3 Boot Device 3-9, 4-4, A-4 C Cables external SCSI 2-10, 2-13 floppy ribbon 2-18 IDE/EIDE ribbon 2-21 internal SCSI ribbon 2-11 LED activity 2-25 ordering ii SCSI cable lengths 2-10
AVA-2820/2822/2825 User’s Guide SCSI hard disk 1-5, 2-18, 3-11, 3-13, 4-3, 4-5, A-4, B-3 SCSI hard disk over 1 GByte 3-11, A-6, B-3 SCSI tape 1-5 SCSI, configuration 3-7 Disconnect/reconnect 1-7, 3-9 Disk Device booting from 3-9 Disk Manager Software 4-4 DOS 1-8, 3-11, 4-4, 4-6, A-6, B-3 DOS Disk Capacity Limit IDE/EIDE 4-4 SCSI 3-11 Dynamically Scan SCSI Bus for BIOS Devices 3-12 E Electronic Bulletin Board Service ii Extended BIOS Translation 3-11, A-6, B-3, B-4 EZ-SCSI Lite 1-4, 1-6, 4-5 F Fast SCSI 1-
Index R U Removable-media Drive 3-10 Removable-media Drives 1-5, A-5 UNIX B-4 Utilities format disk 3-13, A-4, B-4 verify disk media 3-13 S SCSI Bus 2-15–2-17, 3-6, 3-9, A-3 SCSI Devices booting from 3-9 SCSI Disk Utilities see Utilities SCSI Hard Disks 3-11, 3-13, 4-3, 4-5, A-4, B-4 SCSI Hard Disks Over 1 GByte 3-11, A-6, B-3, B-4 SCSI I/O Port Address 2-6 SCSI ID 2-17, 3-6, 3-7, A-3, A-4, A-6 SCSI Termination 2-15–2-17, 3-6, A-3, A-4, A-5 SCSI Termination Power 2-15 SCSI-2 1-7 SCSISelect configuring
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