User’s Guide AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W PCI-to-SCSI MultiChannel RAID Adapters With SCSISelect AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
Adaptec, Inc. 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 Copyright © 1996 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptec, the Adaptec logo, and SCSISelect are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Printed in Singapore STOCK NO.: 510810-00, Rev. D RF 3/96 AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ AHA-3980/3980W /3985/3985W PCI-to-SCSI MultiChannel RAID Adapters with SCSISelect User’s Guide R AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
Copyright Copyright © 1996 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Adaptec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035. Trademarks Adaptec, the Adaptec logo, AHA, MultiChannel, and SCSISelect are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions.
■ To request additional documentation for Adaptec products, call 800-934-2766 or 510-732-3829, M–F: 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time. FCC Compliance Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in residential installations.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Contents 1 Getting Started System Requirements 1-2 Using This Document 1-3 Conventions 1-4 Advisories 1-4 PART 1: Learning the Basics 2 Array Basics Array Types 2-1 RAID 0 (Striped Disks) 2-1 RAID 1, RAID 1/0 (Mirrored Disks) 2-2 RAID 5 2-2 RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT 2-3 Disk Requirements 2-3 Number of Disks in an Array 2-3 Mixing Disks from Different Manufacturers or with Different Capacities 2-4 Mixing Disks on Different RAID Adapter Channels 2-4 3 Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software Adapte
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Synchronous and Asynchronous Data Transfers 4-2 The SCSISelect Configuration Utility 4-3 NetWare and DOS Support 4-3 Upgrading Your AHA-3980/3985 Adapter 4-3 Supported SCSI Devices 4-4 Devices Supported under NetWare 4-4 Devices Supported under MS-DOS 4-4 PART 2: Setting Up Arrays 5 Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives AHA-398x Layout 5-2 Installing the AHA-398x in a PCI Slot 5-3 Connecting SCSI Devices 5-5 Choosing SCSI Cables 5-7 Connecting Internal SCSI Dev
Contents NetWare 4.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Verifying an Array at a Scheduled Time 9-3 Canceling a Verification 9-3 Changing the Priority of a Verification in Progress 9-4 Testing Spare Disks 9-4 Reconstructing Data on a Replacement Disk 9-4 Reconstructing the Data Immediately 9-5 Reconstructing the Data at a Scheduled Time 9-6 Canceling Reconstruction 9-6 Changing the Priority for Reconstructing Data 9-6 Reactivating an Off-line Array 9-7 Scheduling Tasks 9-7 Scheduling a Task 9-7 Changing the Schedule 9-9 Del
Contents 11 Initializing Arrays Choosing the Initialization Method 11-1 Choosing the Data Block Size 11-2 Reinitializing an Array 11-2 12 Working from a Remote Workstation Standard Adaptec CI/O Features 12-1 Adaptec CI/O Features When Working with the Administrator Utility 12-2 Enabling a Remote Workstation to Receive Administrator Utility Data 12-3 Remotely Accessing the Administrator Utility 12-4 PART 4: Advanced Hardware Topics 13 Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect Default AHA-398x Settings 13-1
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Formatting a SCSI Disk 13-11 Verifying a Disk 13-12 14 Using a CD-ROM Drive Using a CD-ROM Drive under DOS 14-1 Using a CD-ROM Drive under NetWare 14-5 A Hardware Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Checklist A-1 Startup Diagnostics A-2 BIOS Startup Messages A-3 aha3980.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 Getting Started This User’s Guide explains how to install and use the Adaptec AHA-398x family of MultiChannel PCI-to-SCSI RAID adapters, which are designed to provide powerful disk array support in NetWare servers that have a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus. Each AHA-398x adapter has either two or three SCSI channels; each channel has the equivalent functionality of a separate SCSI bus.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The CI/O software allows you to monitor and manage the network from remote workstations. System Requirements The AHA-398x RAID adapter and software must be installed on a NetWare server that has the following system resources: Hardware/Firmware ■ An 80486DX or Pentium computer that complies with PCI Rev. 2.
Getting Started If you intend to use Adaptec CI/O, it must be installed on the remote workstation from which you plan to monitor the arrays. See the Adaptec CI/O documentation to learn the hardware and software requirements for the remote workstation. Using This Document To use this document, first read Part 1 to learn the basics of arrays and how they are supported by AHA-398x host adapters and the supporting software.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Conventions The following typographic conventions are used in this document: bold Used for key names (… press the Enter key …) and for options you are directed to select (… select SCSI Disk Utilities …). Helvetica Used for screen messages (…Save changes?…) and for text you must type exactly as shown. Helvetica Italics Used for program and file names when referenced in the text (… aspi8dos …).
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Part 1 Learning the Basics AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 2 Array Basics Adaptec’s RAID adapter and RAID software let you set up and manage disk arrays on NetWare servers. A disk array is a group of disks that appears to the system as a single virtual disk. This is accomplished through software. RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) refers to disk arrays in which part of the array storage capacity may be used to store redundant information. The redundant information lets you restore user data if a disk in the array fails.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide RAID 0 arrays do not store redundant data, so they are not true RAID applications. If one disk fails, the entire array fails and all array data is lost. The fault-tolerance of a RAID 0 array, therefore, is less than that of any single disk in the array. The term RAID 0 is widely used for these arrays, however, because they are conceptually similar to true RAID applications.
Array Basics RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT arrays are functionally identical to RAID 0 and RAID 5 arrays, but you can convert from a RAID 0 CVT array to a RAID 5 CVT array and back again without loss of data and without reformatting. The CVT formats allow you to use the more reliable RAID 5 format for normal use, then switch to RAID 0, which has higher write performance, for large data transfers (for example, restoring data from tape).
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide In addition to the main disks, you can specify up to two spare disks (spares) for mirrored and RAID 5 arrays. (RAID 0 arrays do not have spares.) Spares are automatically activated when an array disk fails. A spare must have at least the capacity of the smallest disk in the array.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 3 Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software You use Adaptec’s RAID software to set up and manage up to four bootable or nonbootable arrays. The following RAID software is included with your AHA-398x adapter: ■ Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility ■ Administrator Utility ■ Adaptec CI/O Software ■ Copy Drivers Utility ■ DOS and NetWare Device Drivers This section gives an overview of each part of the software and explains where to look for more information.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The Administrator Utility The NetWare-based Administrator utility lets you create and manage arrays.
Understanding the Adaptec RAID Software The Copy Drivers Utility Use the DOS-based Copy Drivers Utility to copy DOS and NetWare drivers from the AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette to the server’s hard disk drive. The drivers are automatically copied to the appropriate directory. You may need to edit your config.sys, autoexec.bat, or startup.ncf files in order to load the drivers. The Copy Drivers Utility is described in detail in Copying Drivers on page 6-8.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 4 Understanding the AHA-398x Adapter Adaptec’s AHA-398x adapter is a multichannel PCI-to-SCSI RAID adapter for disk arrays. As a host adapter, the AHA-398x provides the interface between your computer’s PCI bus and your SCSI drives. As a RAID adapter, the AHA-398x lets you create and operate arrays of SCSI disks. The AHA-398x has special onboard features that speed many RAID read and write operations. Multiple Independent Channels Each AHA-3980/3980W adapter has two SCSI channels: A and B.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Standard SCSI and SCSI-2 Features AHA-398x adapters support all SCSI functions supported by Adaptec’s other host adapters, including the following SCSI-2 features: ■ Scatter/Gather: Allows high performance even in computers with fragmented memory buffers ■ Disconnect/Reconnect: Maximizes SCSI bus usage in systems with multiple targets ■ Tagged Command Queuing: Allows a SCSI device to return data in a different order than that requested by the adapter In addition
Understanding the AHA-398x Adapter The SCSISelect Configuration Utility The AHA-398x includes the onboard SCSISelect configuration utility. SCSISelect allows you to change AHA-398x settings, such as channel termination and parity checking, without changing switches or jumpers on the board. SCSISelect also provides utilities for formatting SCSI disk devices and scanning them for defects. See Chapter 13, Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Supported SCSI Devices AHA-398x RAID adapters support single-ended SCSI devices (to determine whether a device is single-ended, check the device documentation). AHA-3980/3985 adapters support 8-bit SCSI devices and AHA-3980W/3985W adapters support both 8-bit and 16-bit SCSI devices. The following sections describe SCSI device support under NetWare and under MS-DOS. Devices Supported under NetWare The AHA-398x supports all SCSI devices supported by NetWare 386 3.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Part 2 Setting Up Arrays AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 5 Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives This chapter explains how to physically install an AHA-398x adapter in your computer and connect SCSI drives to it.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide AHA-398x Layout Figures 5-1 and 5-2 (and the tables following each figure) identify the major AHA-398x components. You may find it helpful to refer to this information while installing the adapter and attaching the SCSI devices. J1 J2 J8 J3 J9 J4 J10 J6 J13 Figure 5-1.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives J2 J4 J12 J5 J10 J6 J7 J8 J3 Figure 5-2.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide 1 Remove the cover from the computer case. 2 Locate an unused, unobstructed 5-volt PCI bus slot that supports bus mastering. PCI bus slots are typically white or ivory and are shorter than ISA or EISA slots. Usually, there are three PCI slots. One of these may be a shared slot—that is, it may have both an ISA connector and a PCI connector—but only one kind of board can be inserted in the slot at any one time.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives 6 Carefully press the connector on the bottom of the AHA-398x into the slot, as shown in Figure 5-3, until the metal contacts on the bottom of the AHA-398x are securely seated in the slot. Figure 5-3. Inserting the AHA-398x 7 Attach the AHA-398x bracket to the computer chassis with the screw from the expansion slot cover that you removed.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide This section explains how to connect both internal and external SCSI devices to the channel connectors.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives Choosing SCSI Cables Always use high-quality SCSI cables to connect the AHA-398x to devices on the SCSI bus. Poor-quality cables can cause data corruption, parity errors, and other problems. High-quality cabling is especially critical if you use Fast SCSI data transfer rates. The cables used for external SCSI devices vary widely in quality and electrical characteristics.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide 2 Plug the SCSI connector at one end of the ribbon cable (the end without the passthrough terminator) into one of the AHA-398x’s internal SCSI connectors, as shown in Figure 5-4. Colored Stripe SCSI Ribbon Cable 1 Pin 1 Internal SCSI Connector Figure 5-4. Internal SCSI Ribbon Cable to AHA-398x The colored stripe on one side of the ribbon cable must match up with the number 1 printed on the AHA-398x beneath the connector.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives 4 To connect other internal SCSI devices, plug the devices into the other connectors on the ribbon cable, as shown in Figure 5-6. Pin 1 Colored Stripe To Host Adapter 2nd Internal SCSI Device To 1st Internal SCSI Device Figure 5-6. Connecting a Second Internal SCSI Device 5 Disable SCSI termination on all internal devices. If the internal cable does not have a passthrough terminator, terminate the last SCSI device on the cable.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Connecting External SCSI Devices The AHA-398x external connector is on Channel A, which also has an internal connector. With the AHA-3980 and AHA-3985 host adapters, you can connect to a total of seven 8-bit SCSI devices to the Channel A connectors. With the AHA-3980W and AHA-3985W adapters, you can connect a total of fifteen 8-bit and 16-bit devices.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives 2 Attach the connector at the other end of the external cable to either one of the SCSI connectors on the external SCSI device, as shown in Figure 5-8. External SCSI Cable External SCSI Device Figure 5-8. External Cable to External SCSI Device 3 To connect other external SCSI devices, daisy chain each device to the previous device until all external SCSI devices have been connected, as shown in Figure 5-9. External SCSI Cables Figure 5-9.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Note: The computer in which the AHA-398x is installed can share external SCSI devices with another computer. For more information, see Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer on page 5-18. Terminating the SCSI Bus SCSI bus terminators must be either installed in, or enabled on, the first and last SCSI devices on each AHA-398x channel; otherwise, the devices will not operate properly. Terminators on all other devices must be removed or disabled.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives Terminating Channels B and C Follow these steps to terminate the end devices on Channel B or C (see Figure 5-10): 1 Leave the AHA-398x channel termination enabled (the default). 2 Leave the passthrough terminator in place to terminate the other end of the channel. (If you do not use the passthrough terminator, you must install a terminator, or enable termination, on the last SCSI device attached to the channel.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Terminating Channel A The procedure for terminating Channel A depends on whether you use one or both of the Channel A connectors. If you use only one of the connectors (that is, the internal or the external connector, but not both), the termination procedure is the same as that just described for Channels B and C.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives Setting SCSI IDs and Preparing a Boot Device Each device on the SCSI bus, including the AHA-398x, must have a unique SCSI ID. SCSI IDs uniquely define each SCSI device on the bus and determine which device has priority when two or more devices try to use the SCSI bus at the same time. SCSI IDs on one channel do not interfere with IDs on another channel.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Connecting the SCSI Bus Activity Light An LED light on the front panel of most computers indicates activity on the disk. If you disconnect the cable from the motherboard and attach it to the LED connector on the AHA-398x, the LED will light whenever there is activity on any of the SCSI channels. Note: You may not want to change the connection if your computer system includes non-SCSI disk drives, because the LED will no longer light when these drives are active.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives Installing Multiple Adapters You can install multiple AHA-398x RAID adapters in the same computer. You can also install an AHA-398x in computers that have other PCI-, ISA-, or EISA-based host adapters. However, keep the following considerations in mind: ■ All drives in an array must be connected to the same host adapter. A single array cannot include drives from two or more host adapters.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Sharing SCSI Devices with a Second Computer The AHA-398x adapter and an Adaptec host adapter in a second computer can share the same SCSI devices without constantly changing the cable configuration. In this arrangement, one of the two computers can be powered at any one time, and that computer can then access the devices. The host adapter in the unpowered computer acts as a terminator at one end of the SCSI bus.
Installing the AHA-398x and the SCSI Drives 3 Connect the AHA-398x channel, the SCSI devices, and the host adapter in the second computer as shown in Figure 5-13. AHA-3980/3985 Computer 1 Other SCSI Host Adapter Computer 2 Figure 5-13. SCSI Devices Shared by Two Computers 4 Assign different SCSI IDs to the AHA-398x channel and the host adapter in the second computer (see Host Adapter (Channel) SCSI ID on page 13-2). IDs 6 and 7 are preferable, since they have highest priority on the SCSI bus.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Completing AHA-398x Installation To complete installation of the AHA-398x RAID adapter, follow these steps: 1 Replace and secure the cover of the computer case. 2 Reconnect the power cords to all external SCSI devices and the computer. 3 Turn ON the power to all external SCSI devices. (You must turn on the SCSI devices before you turn on the computer.) 4 Turn ON the computer.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 6 Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers This chapter explains how to prepare a boot device connected to your AHA-398x adapter and how to install the DOS and NetWare drivers you will need to load software and to use arrays. The boot device can be an array or a stand-alone disk drive. We recommend that you boot your computer from an array, because you can take advantage of the data redundancy provided by most levels of RAID.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide If your computer has two or more PCI adapters, the boot device must be connected to the adapter in the PCI slot that is scanned first. See page 5-17 for more information. 3 Be sure the boot drive (or a drive that will be part of the boot array) has been assigned SCSI ID 0 on channel A. 4 Obtain a licensed copy of MS-DOS, and boot the computer from Disk 1 - the Setup disk.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers Creating an Array with the Initial Array Configuration Utility You can also create arrays with the Administrator Utility described in Part 3 of this document. However, if you want to install NetWare on the array, you must create it with the Initial Array Configuration Utility. This section describes only the Initial Array Configuration Utility options that are required to create an array.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide ferent color. You can also press the ↑ and ↓ keys until the option is highlighted and then press Enter. If you have a monochrome monitor and the highlight bar is not visible, press Ctrl-B to change to monochrome mode. 4 Press Enter to define Array #1 (assuming that you have not yet defined any other arrays). The Select Array Type menu appears on the left of the screen, as shown in Figure 6-16.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers Note: A spare is a disk drive associated with an array that will be used automatically as a replacement if one of the active drives in the array fails. 7 When the next screen appears, as shown in Figure 6-17, press Tab to highlight a channel. When the drives on the highlighted channel appear in the SCSI IDs on Channel menu, select the drives for the array. (Press the ↑ and ↓ keys until the drive name is highlighted, then press Ins or Enter.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Note: A spare must have at least the capacity of the smallest drive in the array. If you do not want a spare: Type n and continue with step 9. To select a spare: Follow these steps: a At the prompt, type y. b If more than one drive is available, a second prompt appears, asking how many spares the array will have. Type 1 or 2 and press Enter. c To select each spare, follow the directions in step 7.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers 13 Press Esc and, with the newly-created diskette still in the drive, reboot the computer when you see the prompt. Formatting and Partitioning the Array or Drive Follow these steps regardless of whether you are creating a boot drive or a boot array. 1 Insert the diskette onto which you copied the Initial Array Configuration Utility into the A drive of the computer with the AHA-398x adapter. Then reboot the computer.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide At this point you have installed enough DOS to enable you to install NetWare. If you want to fully install DOS, complete these steps: 1 Remove the copied Initial Array Configuration Utility diskette from the drive and insert Disk 1 of the licensed copy of DOS. 2 3 Reboot the computer. Proceed with the DOS Setup program. Ignore the message about DOS already being installed.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers 4 When you are prompted, press Enter to accept the suggested default directory where the NetWare drivers will be copied. This will be either \server.312 or \nwserver. 5 If a CD-ROM drive is connected to the AHA-398x and you will use it to install NetWare from a CD disc, return to the Main Menu and select CD-ROM drivers. Otherwise, skip to step 7.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide b Look at the first screen that appears. The screen lists the PCI bus number and channels for each AHA-398x. The PCI bus number precedes each channel letter. The entry 01:A (Channel A on PCI bus 1), for example, indicates the AHA-398x is on PCI bus 1. c When finished, press Esc to exit SCSISelect. 2 Insert the NetWare 3.12 installation disc in the computer’s CD-ROM drive. 3 Change to the directory that contains the NetWare file install.bat.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers Note: The NetWare Create Startup option does not work correctly with PCI devices. If you use it, you will find four load aha3980 lines that need to be deleted. 10 If, during the NetWare installation, you did not modify the autoexec.bat file to include the path for server.exe, change to the directory containing server.exe. Usually, the directory is c:\server.312. 11 At the DOS prompt, type server and press Enter. The server loads.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide When a screen similar to the one in Figure 6-19 appears, continue with the next step. NetWare Server Installation v4.x NetWare Loadable Module Load Disk Driver Choose a disk driver that corresponds to the disk controller hardware in the server. Repeat this step for additional drivers. Select a disk driver AHA3980.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers After you finish specifying the drivers, a summary screen shows the drivers that the installation program will load. 12 The installation program attempts to load aha3980.dsk but cannot, because no PCI bus number has been specified yet. You must add command line parameters to aha3980.dsk to specify the bus number. The ardrvr.dsk does not require any changes. To add command line parameters, follow these steps: a Press F3.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide b Check to make sure there is a load line for ardrvr. Your startup.ncf should now load aha3980.dsk for every installed AHA-398x adapter, followed by a single ardrvr load line. Note: The aha3980.dsk driver supports the NetWare tape backup utility, sbackup.nlm. Use aha3980.dsk, not the adaptec.nlm driver provided by NetWare, when running this utility. Adaptec’s aha3980.dsk driver takes advantage of ASPI features bypassed by adaptec.nlm.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers 3 View the information that appears on the screen. A sample screen is shown in Figure 6-20. Adaptec Initial Array Configuration Utility Configuration for Array #1 Type = RAID5 Drives = 4 Boot Array = Yes Array Size (MB) = 8158 Array Status = Initialized Data Block Size (KB) =16 Capacity Status Channel SCSI ID Member 2040 MB UP A 1 0 2040 MB UP A 3 1 2040 MB UP B 4 2 2040 MB UP B 5 3 Press any key to continue Figure 6-20.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Replacing an Array Drive Follow these steps to replace a down drive in an array: 1 2 From the Main Menu, select Replace Array Drive. 3 When the next screen appears, press Tab to highlight the channel of the drive you want to replace. When the drives on the highlighted channel appear in the SCSI IDs on Channel menu, select the drive you want to replace. When the menu of arrays appears, select the array that has the drive you want to replace.
Preparing a Boot Device and Installing Drivers ■ Low-level Format: Performs a low-level SCSI format. This writes a consistent pattern to the disks and checks the disks for defects. Then it fills the array with zeroes. Low-level formatting can take a long time (the speed varies by drive model), and you cannot abort it once it has started. Follow these steps to initialize an array: 1 2 Select Initialize Array from the Array Menu. When the Select Array menu appears, select the array you want to initialize.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Part 3 Managing Arrays AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 7 Understanding the Administrator Utility You use the Administrator utility to create and manage arrays while running NetWare.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Starting the Administrator Utility To start the Administrator utility, follow these steps: 1 2 If the server is not running, start it. At the server prompt, enter one of the following commands: a Enter load c:aruadmin if this is the first time you have run the Administrator Utility. If no previously defined arrays are detected, the utility starts in setup mode. If one or more arrays have already been defined and if arumon is not in autoexec.
Understanding the Administrator Utility The Main and System Menus The Administrator utility has two primary menus: the Main Menu, shown in Figure 7-21, and the System Menu, shown in Figure 7-22. If your system has only one array, the Main Menu appears when you start the Administrator utility. If your system has multiple arrays, the System Menu appears when you start the utility.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide ■ Format/Initialize Array: Format or initialize an array for a specified RAID level. For details, see Chapter 11, Initializing Arrays. ■ Convert RAID Level: Switch between RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT formats. For information on why you might do this, see RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT on page 2-3. For instructions, see Converting between RAID 0 CVT and RAID 5 CVT on page 10-7. ■ Change Array Configuration: Add an array (see Adding an Array on page 10-1).
Understanding the Administrator Utility System Menu If a server has more than one array, the System Menu appears when you start the Administrator utility. If you select Select Target Array, the first option, a list of array names appears in a separate menu. If you select an array name, the Main Menu for that array appears, as shown in Figure 7-21. You select options in the Main Menu to perform tasks related to that array.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Grayed Menu Options Grayed menu options are not selectable, usually because they do not apply to the chosen array. If an array has no failed drives, for example, the Reconstruct Functions option on the Main Menu is grayed, because no drives need to be reconstructed. Similarly, the Convert RAID Level option is always grayed for a mirrored array, because you cannot convert a mirrored array to another format.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 8 Monitoring Array Performance The Administrator utility monitors the performance of the arrays and compiles statistics—for example, number of reads and writes and number of bad sectors reassigned—and lets you view this information at the server console. If you have the Adaptec CI/O software, you can also view the statistics at a remote workstation. The Administrator utility also monitors arrays for problems, such as failed drives. If it detects a problem, it issues an alert.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Overview for Array #1 Array Model = AHA-3980 Two Channel RAID on PCI Bus #1 Creation date = Tue Oct 4 11:11:57 1994 Array Type = Mirrored Array Physical Capacity = 515MB State = Fault-tolerant Drives = 2 Spare Drive Count = 1 Date of last Verify is Fri Jan 27 18:14. Date of last reconstruction is NEVER. Error message repeat interval is 15 minutes. Figure 8-23.
Monitoring Array Performance 5 At the last information screen, press any key to return to the Status Menu. 6 Press Esc to return to the System Menu or Main Menu. Displaying Performance Statistics To display the performance statistics for an array or the disks in an array, follow these steps: 1 If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select Select Target Array. Then select the array for which you want the statistics. The Main Menu for that array appears.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Displaying Volume Information To display volume information for an array, follow these steps: 1 If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select Select Target Array. Then select the array for which you want the information. The Main Menu for that array appears. 2 From the Main Menu, select Display Array Status. The Status Menu appears. 3 Select Display Volume(s) on Array. The list of volumes for that array appears.
Monitoring Array Performance rezeros all temporary statistics (not just those displayed onscreen). Saving the Statistics in the Log File You can save the current statistics in the aru.log file (for information on this file, see The Log File on page 8-8). To do so, use either of the following procedures: ■ Display the Statistics Menu for the array (see steps 1 through 3 in Displaying Performance Statistics on page 8-3), and select Log Current Data Values.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Broadcast Messages (Continued) Message Text Meaning Drive #n of Adaptec disk array #n went DOWN. The drive is not responding. Verify that the drive has power and that all cables are properly connected. If the drive still does not respond, it may have failed. Adaptec disk array monitor has lost contact with the array driver. The array monitor cannot find the array driver. This message appears if you unloaded the array driver, but not the array monitor.
Monitoring Array Performance 4 If you choose Broadcast only to specified locations, the Administrator utility creates a file named arubcast.lst in the sys:system directory. A message noting this appears onscreen. Press any key to clear the message, then edit the arubcast.lst file to enter the workstations where messages will appear. Each line in the file can have one name, which must be typed exactly as it appears in the server connection list.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The Log File The aru.log file provides an audit trail of events and error messages. It is stored in the sys:system directory. If you receive an error message or have a problem with the arrays, check the log file to determine the sequence of events that led to the problem. This will help you troubleshoot the problem. You should periodically back up the log file and then delete it. ❒ 8-8 AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 9 Managing Arrays Use the Administrator utility to verify array data, test spare disks, reconstruct data on replacement disks, and reactivating off-line arrays. The Administrator Utility’s Scheduler function lets you schedule most of these tasks to run automatically at a specified time or interval. Verifying Arrays Use the Administrator utility to verify the consistency of data on mirrored and RAID 5 arrays.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Assigning a Priority You assign verifications a priority on the server. The priority, which can be 0 through 9, determines the proportion of verification I/O operations relative to other system I/O operations. At priority 1, 1 of 10 system I/O operations will be verification I/O operations; at priority 2, 2 of 10; at priority 3, 3 of 10; and so on. At priority 0, the lowest priority, verification I/O operations occur only when the system is free.
Managing Arrays Configuration for Array #1 Array Type = Mirrored Utility is 90% complete Drives = 2 Member SCSI ID 0 1 1 3 Spare0 6 Status UP UP UP Channel A A B Utility Running = Verify Priority = 0 Capacity 515MB 515MB 515MB Side Mirror Primary #1 Secondary #0 Figure 9-25. Configuration Screen, Showing Percentage of Verification Completed While Verify runs, the logical block addresses (LBAs) of any repaired data blocks appear onscreen. If no bad blocks were repaired, no message appears.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Changing the Priority of a Verification in Progress If a verification is slowing other server operations unacceptably, you can lower the priority of the verification on the server. You can also speed a verification by increasing its priority. Change the priority at either the Verify Menu or at the screen showing the Verify status bar: ■ From the Verify Menu, select Change Priority. A prompt appears, indicating the current priority and asking for the new priority.
Managing Arrays Note: If your drive enclosure requires that all host adapter activity stop while you replace a drive, use Hot Swap Pause. For details, see Pausing Host Adapter Activity When Replacing Disks on page 9-11. Reconstructing the Data Immediately You can reconstruct data immediately or schedule it to be reconstructed at a specified time. To reconstruct the data immediately, follow these steps: 1 If the system has only one array, skip to step 2.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The Reconstruct utility also tracks reconstructions, displaying a status bar that indicates the percentage completed. To display the status bar, press Alt-Esc until the status bar appears. Reconstructing the Data at a Scheduled Time Because reconstructing data may slow a system, you may want to schedule this operation for a time when system use is light. You can use the Scheduler to start reconstructing the data automatically at a specified time.
Managing Arrays Reactivating an Off-line Array An array goes off-line if the power fails or if someone removes a second disk when one has already been removed. To reactivate an offline array, follow these steps: 1 If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array you want to reactivate. The Main Menu for that array appears. 2 From the Main Menu, select Reactivate Off-line Array.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide 4 Select one of these options: Schedule Task to Run Once: To schedule the task for a single time. Schedule Cyclic Task: To schedule the task to run at regular intervals. Test Now (appears only if you selected Schedule Spare Testing): To test the spare immediately. If you select this option, you are finished—ignore the remaining steps. 5 If you select Schedule Cyclic Task, the Task Schedule Intervals Menu appears.
Managing Arrays Changing the Schedule To change the schedule for a task, follow the procedure given in Scheduling a Task (beginning on page 9-7), entering the information for the new schedule. The new schedule automatically replaces the old schedule for that task. Deleting a Scheduled Task You can delete a scheduled task by following these steps: 1 If the system has only one array, skip to step 2. Otherwise, from the System Menu select the array for which you want to schedule a task.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide 2 3 From the Main Menu, select Hardware Functions. Select Display Host Adapter Drives. A screen similar to that in Figure 9-26 appears. Adaptec Disk Array Administrator ADAPTEC AHA-3980 Bus #1 Channel A Channel B #0 #1 #2 #3 SCSI IDs QUANTUM CONNER CONNER CONNER on Channel LPS34 335MB CFA540 537MB CFA540 537MB CFA540 537MB Array #1, Member #0 Tab = Select channel Up/Dn Arrow = Select drive Figure 9-26.
Managing Arrays 4 Use the ↑ and ↓ keys to select the drive you want to identify. The selected drive is denoted by an arrow to the left of the drive number (the first column on the screen). 5 To blink the drive light for the selected drive, press Enter. A blinking icon appears to the right of the drive number, and the drive light itself starts blinking. 6 To stop blinking the drive light, press Enter again.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 10 Changing Array Configurations This chapter explains how to ■ Add up to four arrays to the server ■ Modify an array by changing the RAID level, the drives in the array, or the number of spares ■ Convert a RAID 0 CVT array to a RAID 5 CVT array and vice versa ■ Delete one or more arrays from the server Adding an Array To add a new nonbootable array, follow these steps: 1 From the System Menu or the Main Menu, select Change Array Configuration. 2 Select Add an Array.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Adaptec Array #1 Selection List Adaptec Adaptec Adaptec Adaptec Array Array Array Array #1 #2 #3 #4 Type=Mirrored Drive Channel #0 A #1 A ID 0 3 Channel B ID 6 Spare #0 Up/Dn Arrow = Select array Enter = Configure array Esc = Done Figure 10-27. Viewing Array Configuration Information 3 From the Selection List Menu, select the array you want to add. The Select Array Type Menu appears in the upper left corner of the screen.
Changing Array Configurations 6 Type the number of drives (excluding spares) you want in the array, and press Enter. The utility scans the host adapter for drives, then displays a screen such as that shown in Figure 10-28.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide 8 If the array is mirrored or RAID 5 and you have one or more disks left, a prompt appears, asking whether you want to choose a spare disk. Note: A spare must have at least the capacity of the smallest disk in the array. If you do not want a spare: Type n and continue with step 9. To select a spare: Follow these steps: a At the prompt, type y. b If more than one disk is available, a second prompt appears, asking how many spares the array will have.
Changing Array Configurations Note: See Chapter 11, Initializing Arrays, for more information about selecting a data block size and an initialization method. 16 When initialization of the array is complete, press any key to continue. The status line displays a percentage complete number while the array is being initialized. Modifying an Array You can modify an existing array by changing the RAID level, by changing the disks in the array, or by adding or changing a spare disk.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Selecting Different Disks for the Array The procedure for changing the disks in an array is similar to that for adding a new array. The main difference is that you must restart the server after you change the disks in an existing array. With a new array, you do not need to restart the server. Follow these steps to select different disks for an array: 1 From the System Menu or the Main Menu, select Change Array Configuration. 2 Select Redefine Array.
Changing Array Configurations 4 If you can add more than one spare, you are prompted to enter the number of spares you want to add. Type the number (1 or 2) and press Enter. The Administrator Utility scans for drives on the host adapter used for that array, then displays the screen shown in Figure 10-28. 5 Press Tab to highlight the channel with the spare disk(s). The disks on the highlighted channel appear in the SCSI IDS on Channel Menu.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide format before you begin writing the data. With its high write performance, RAID 0 CVT allows you to transfer data more quickly. Once the data is transferred, you can convert back to the fault-tolerant RAID 5 CVT format. Note: If you convert a RAID 5 CVT array with spares to a RAID 0 CVT array, the RAID 0 CVT array retains the spares, but they are not usable. When you convert the array back to a RAID 5 CVT array, the spares can again be used.
Changing Array Configurations Note: Status screens are not shown for conversions from RAID 5 CVT to RAID 0 CVT, because the conversions are instantaneous. Canceling a Conversion You can cancel a conversion of RAID 0 CVT to RAID 5 CVT while it is underway by using either of the following procedures: ■ From the Convert Menu, select Abort Convert. ■ At the status bar screen, press Esc. From the menu that appears, select Abort. An onscreen message confirms that the conversion was aborted.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Deleting Arrays and Deinstalling NLMs Caution: Back up data before you delete an array. When you delete the array, all array data will be lost! Deleting an Array Follow these steps to delete an array: 1 From the Main Menu or the System Menu, select Change Array Configuration. The System Configuration Menu appears. 2 Select Delete an Array. A menu of arrays appears, if more than one array is defined. 3 Select the array you want to delete.
Changing Array Configurations Installing the Array Utilities in the sys:system Directory The array utilities must be installed in the NetWare sys:system directory. If sys:system exists when you create the initial arrays, the Administrator utility automatically installs the array utilities in sys:system. Otherwise, you must install the utilities later, after you create the sys:system directory.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 11 Initializing Arrays When you create or redefine an array, you are automatically prompted to initialize it. Initializing erases all existing data on the array and prepares it for high-level formatting. You cannot store data on the array until it is initialized. Initialization is also available as a separate command in the Administrator Utility. If necessary, you can reinitialize an existing array. (This should seldom be necessary.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Choosing the Data Block Size When initializing arrays other than RAID 1 arrays, you must choose the size of the data blocks that will be striped across the array. The allowable sizes are 8, 16 (the default), 32, and 64 KBytes. The default size gives the best overall performance with most arrays. If you will perform mostly sequential access on the array, you may achieve better performance if you use larger stripe sizes and larger NetWare volume block sizes.
Initializing Arrays 4 Select Initialize Array to Zero or Low-Level Format. Caution: Remember, initializing an array erases all data on the array disks. If the array disks contain data you want to keep, be sure to back them up before you initialize the array! A menu of block sizes appears (this menu does not appear if the array is a mirrored array with only two drives). 5 Select a block size. For recommended block sizes, see Choosing the Data Block Size on page 11-2.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The Format utility also tracks formatting. For initialization, it displays a status bar indicating the percentage of initialization completed. For low-level formatting, it displays the elapsed formatting time. To display this information, press Alt-Esc until the Adaptec RAID Format Utility screen appears. You can display this screen even if you exit the Administrator utility.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 12 Working from a Remote Workstation Adaptec CI/O software lets you monitor SCSI subsystems, including arrays, from a remote workstation. You can also use Adaptec CI/O to access the Administrator utility from a remote workstation. The Adaptec CI/O documentation explains the capabilities of Adaptec CI/O and provides instructions for using it. This chapter summarizes the capabilities that pertain to arrays and explains how to set up Adaptec CI/O to work with the Administrator utility.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Figure 12-30. Viewing Array Information ■ Configure an alarm to trigger an action, such as starting a program or activating a remote paging device. (This function requires additional HP OpenView modules not included with CI/O.) For more information on the capabilities of Adaptec CI/O, see the Adaptec CI/O documentation.
Working from a Remote Workstation ■ You can create an Adaptec CI/O submap that displays the following array information: RAID level, number of drives, and number of spares. For information on submaps, see the Adaptec CI/O documentation. ■ You can use the SCSI I/O Monitor to display the array status (fault-tolerant, critical, or off-line) and the number and size of data reads and writes. For information on the SCSI I/O Monitor, see the Adaptec CI/O documentation.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Remotely Accessing the Administrator Utility To access the Administrator utility from within Adaptec CI/O, follow these steps: 1 Click on the Remote Console button on the CI/O toolbar. This opens a Novell NetWare RConsole window, which lists the servers. 2 Select the name of the server where the Administrator utility is installed. 3 When prompted, enter your log-in name and password. You must have supervisory privileges.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Part 4 Advanced Hardware Topics AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Stock Number: 510810-00, Rev.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 13 Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect The AHA-398x RAID adapter has an onboard SCSISelect configuration utility, which allows you to change adapter settings without opening the computer or handling the adapter board. The factory default settings for the AHA-398x are correct for most computers; however, there may be cases in which you need to modify the settings. This chapter describes the default settings, explains when you should change them, and gives instructions for doing so.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Default AHA-398x Settings Basic Channel Settings Host Adapter SCSI ID Default Value 1 7 SCSI Parity Checking Host Adapter SCSI Termination Enabled 1 Enabled Individual Settings for Each SCSI Device Default Value Initiate Sync Negotiation Yes Maximum Sync Transfer Rate 10 MBytes/sec2 Enable Disconnection Yes Send Start Unit SCSI Command No Include in BIOS Scan Yes Initiate Wide Negotiation (AHA-3980W/3985W only) Yes 1 Each channel 2 has its own set
Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect SCSI Parity Checking SCSI parity checking is a procedure used to verify the accuracy of data transfer on the SCSI bus. By default, parity checking is enabled on all AHA-398x channels. Disable parity checking for a channel if any SCSI device on the channel does not support SCSI parity. Most currently available SCSI devices support SCSI parity. If you are not sure whether a device supports SCSI parity, read the documentation for the device.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Some older SCSI-1 devices do not support synchronous negotiation. If you have such a device, your computer may operate erratically or hang if Initiate Sync Negotiation is enabled. If this happens, set Initiate Sync Negotiation to no for these devices. Maximum Sync Transfer Rate This setting determines the maximum synchronous data transfer rate that the channel supports. Allowable settings are 5.0, 6.7, 8.0, and 10.0 MBytes/sec.
Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect Leave Enable Disconnection at its default value if the channel connects to two or more SCSI devices. This optimizes SCSI bus performance. Disable disconnection if you connect an older SCSI device that does not support disconnection. Send Start Unit Command This setting determines whether the channel sends the Start Unit command to the SCSI device.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide SCSISelect Basics Use SCSISelect to ■ Change the AHA-398x settings ■ List the SCSI IDs of devices attached to the AHA-398x ■ Format disk drives attached to the AHA-398x ■ Check the disk drives for defects and reassign bad blocks This section explains how to start SCSISelect, exit from it, and select menu options. Starting SCSISelect A banner similar to the one shown in Figure 13-31 appears when you turn on or reboot your computer.
Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect Using SCSISelect Menus To select a SCSISelect menu option, move the cursor to the option with the ↑ and ↓ keys, then press Enter. In some cases, selecting an option displays another menu. You can return to the previous menu at any time by pressing Esc. Exiting SCSISelect To exit SCSISelect, press Esc until a message prompts you to exit. (If you changed any AHA-398x settings, you are prompted to save the changes before you exit.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Note: Press F5 to toggle the display between color and monochrome. (This feature may not work on all monitors.) Adaptec AHA-3980/3985 SCSISelect(TM) You have more than one channel in your system. Move the cursor to the bus:channel of the one to be configured and press . Utility v1.16 Bus:Channel 01:A 01:B - Toggle color/monochrome Arrow keys to move cursor, to select option, to exit ( * =default) Figure 13-32.
Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect 4 From the Options menu, select Configure/View Host Adapter Settings. The Configuration menu appears, as shown in Figure 13-34. Adaptec AHA-3980/3985 SCSISelect(TM) Utility v1.16 AHA-3980/3985 at Bus:Channel 01:A Configuration SCSI Bus Interface Definitions Host Adapter SCSI ID ..................................... SCSI Parity Checking ..................................... Host Adapter SCSI Termination .......................
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide For AHA-3980W/3985W host adapters, this screen includes the Initiate Wide Negotiation option. Note: If you do not know the SCSI ID of a device you want to configure, press Esc until the Options menu appears, then select SCSI Disk Utilities. A list of SCSI devices and their SCSI IDs appears, as shown in Figure 13-36. Note the ID of the device you want to configure. Press Esc to redisplay the Options menu, then repeat steps 4 and 5.
Configuring the Adapter with SCSISelect 10 Press any key to reboot the computer. The changes take effect after the computer reboots. Listing SCSI IDs With SCSISelect, you can list the SCSI IDs of devices attached to the AHA-398x. This lets you quickly verify that no devices on a channel have duplicate IDs. To view the SCSI IDs, follow these steps: 1 Start SCSISelect (see Starting SCSISelect on page 13-6). 2 Select the channel that has the devices you want to list. The Options menu appears.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide To format a disk with SCSISelect, follow these steps: 1 Follow steps 1 through 3 in Listing SCSI IDs on page 13-11. 2 From the list of SCSI devices, select the device you want to format. A small menu appears. 3 Select Format Disk. A prompt appears, asking you to confirm that you want to format the disk. 4 Select Yes to start formatting the disk, or No to cancel formatting.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 14 Using a CD-ROM Drive You may need to install a CD-ROM drive on your computer so you can load software. For example, NetWare 3.12 and 4.xx are usually installed from a CD disc. The AHA-3980/3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities diskette included with your AHA-398x adapter contains the DOS and NetWare driver software you need in order to use a CD-ROM drive on your computer.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The aspi8dos.sys and aspicd.sys files are copied to the c:\scsi directory when you select Copy Drivers/CD-ROM Drivers in the Array Driver Copy Utility (see Copying Drivers on page 6-8). The mscdex.exe file is included with MS-DOS 6 (see your MS-DOS documentation for details). Note: If you use MS-DOS 5 and do not have mscdex.exe, we recommend that you upgrade to MS-DOS 6 or above. You can also obtain mscdex.
Using a CD-ROM Drive Command Line Options for aspi8dos.sys Option Example /ccbs /ccbs8 Specifies the maximum number of concurrent ASPI commands that can be supported. The valid range is 1 through 16. The default is 4. If you increase this value, the size of the ASPI manager also increases. Use this option only if you want to run an ASPI program that specifies a higher number of concurrent commands. /d /d Displays information about the AHA-398x and attached SCSI devices when the computer boots.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Command Line Options for aspicd.sys Option Example Use /d: /d:aspicd0 Required in the config.sys command line. Assigns a name to the CD-ROM drive so that mscdex can assign the CD-ROM a logical drive letter. The name must exactly match the CD-ROM drive name in the mscdex command line in autoexec.bat. Use any eight-character name. /id={…} /id=2+4 /id=3+5+1:4 Specifies CD-ROM drives controlled by aspicd. By default, aspicd controls all drives.
Using a CD-ROM Drive Using a CD-ROM Drive under NetWare To operate a CD-ROM on the AHA-398x under NetWare, you need aspicd.dsk. This driver is copied to your hard disk when you run the Array Driver Copy Utility and select Copy Drivers/NetWare 3.xx [or 4.xx] Drivers (see Copying Drivers on page 6-8). Follow these steps to set up the CD-ROM drive under NetWare: 1 Edit the server autoexec.ncf file to include the following lines: load nwpa (NetWare 4.01 and 4.02 only) load cdrom.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ A Hardware Troubleshooting This appendix explains how to diagnose and fix problems that may occur when you install an AHA-398x. If you do not find the solution to your problem here, check the readme.txt file on the AHA-3980/ 3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities disk, which accompanies the AHA-398x. That file contains information not available when this document was published. If you still need assistance after reading that file, call Adaptec Technical Support at the number on page ii.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide If your motherboard BIOS supports PCI-to-PCI bridges, you may have an IRQ conflict. The PCI bus is designed to automatically assign IRQ settings to the AHA-398x, but you may need to assign some of these values manually in the CMOS setup program. For details, see the readme.txt file on the AHA-3980/ 3985 Drivers and RAID Utilities disk.
Hardware Troubleshooting ■ Did not find all channels: Indicates that the routine detected fewer than two channels or more than three channels. You may need a new AHA-398x host adapter; call Adaptec or your reseller. ■ Unknown Error in AIC-7870 Diagnostics: You may need a new AHA-398x host adapter; call Adaptec or your reseller. ■ Interrupt Test for SCSI device at [bus number:device ID] failed.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide A drive larger than 1 gigabyte has been detected with 64 head / 32 sector partitioning. This drive is not compatible with the 255 head / 63 sector translation which has been enabled on this adapter. Data could be corrupted! Please check your system setup! Press any key to continue. This message appears if the BIOS detects a large-capacity drive that has invalid partition information in the master boot record.
Hardware Troubleshooting New device(s) detected or Drive missing from previous configuration or Array member missing from previous configuration or Drive configuration change or Array configuration change If you see any of these messages, followed by Run ARUADMIN or ARCONFIG to update array configuration, the BIOS has detected that you have made a change to the hardware configuration.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide aha3980.dsk Error Messages Any error that occurs while the NetWare driver aha3980.dsk is initializing prevents the driver from loading. If an error does occur, the driver first beeps the computer and then displays a numbered error message in this format: ERR xxx:message The xxx indicates the error code, and message describes the error.
Hardware Troubleshooting 205 Invalid 'removable' setting, use 'off' You can only enter off or on for this option (e.g., removable = off). 206 Invalid 'fixed_disk' setting, use 'off' You can only enter off or on for this option (e.g., fixed_disk = off). 208 SCSI present but not enabled/configured for PCI. The motherboard BIOS was unable to enable the AHA-398x, perhaps because the motherboard BIOS does not support PCI-to-PCI bridge technology.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Booting the Computer from a SCSI Drive ■ Be sure that both standard hard disks are mapped out of the computer by setting the CMOS setup to No Drives Installed. ■ Be sure that the SCSI boot drive is on Channel A and has the lowest SCSI ID on that channel. Also, verify that each device on the channel has a unique SCSI ID. You can use SCSISelect to determine the SCSI IDs of devices on the SCSI bus, as described in Listing SCSI IDs on page 13-11.
Hardware Troubleshooting ■ Be sure to reboot the computer after changing any values on a channel, in a CMOS setup program, or on a SCSI device. This ensures that the new initial values are loaded. ■ Be sure that the SCSI bus is properly terminated. ■ Be sure that the disk is formatted and has a DOS partition. ■ Check cable connections and pin-1 orientation. Using SCSI Drives as C and D ■ Make sure your computer's CMOS setup is set to No Drives Installed, as is required for SCSI host adapters.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide ■ If the AHA-398x LED remains on when the computer hangs, the AHA-398x may be interfering with your computer’s operation. It may be installed in a PCI slot that does not support bus mastering. See your computer documentation. Other Problems and Solutions The screen is difficult to read when I run SCSISelect. Press F5 to toggle the display between color and monochrome modes. This may make it easier for you to read the screen.
Hardware Troubleshooting ■ 05h - Illegal request The Adaptec formatting utility does not support a low-level format of this device; however, the device may already be lowlevel formatted by the manufacturer. (This error rarely occurs.) ■ 06h - Unit attention The removable media may be write-protected. Disable write protection and run the utility again. The Additional Sense Code field provides more information about the error. The meaning of these codes may be listed in your hardware manual.
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ B Software Error Messages This appendix describes the error messages displayed by the Adaptec RAID software, explains the probable cause of the error, and suggests remedies. Messages are listed in alphabetical order. A SCSI Inquiry command failed. A SCSI Mode Select command to a drive in the disk array failed. A SCSI Mode Sense command to a drive in the disk array failed. During formatting, the formatting utility issues these SCSI commands to all drives.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Attempt to obtain Adaptec driver version failed. An array utility tried to obtain the version number of the Adaptec array driver (ardrvr.dsk) but was unable to do so—probably because the driver is not loaded. Load ardrvr.dsk and try again. Before you can include this device, you must dismount all volumes on it. You selected a disk with mounted volumes to be a spare or to be part of a new array. You must dismount all volumes on the disk before you do this.
Software Error Messages I/O error occurred on array #n during Convert. Conversion aborted. I/O error occurred on array #n during Reconstruct. Reconstruct aborted. I/O error occurred on array #n during Verify. Verification aborted. The utility was unable to convert, reconstruct, or verify the array. Try the procedure again. If it still fails, call Adaptec Technical Support. No current broadcast string found. The aru.ini file does not include the necessary broadcast information.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide The Read Capacity command for drive #n failed. During formatting, the formatting utility issues a SCSI Read command to all drives. If you receive this message, a drive did not respond to the command. Check the power and cable connections for the drives. If a drive still does not respond, it is probably bad. Replace it and try formatting again. The SCSI Read Capacity command for spare #n failed.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ C Glossary of RAID Software Read this appendix for an overview of ■ NetWare drivers used by the arrays ■ NetWare loadable modules used with the arrays ■ Other files associated with the Adaptec RAID software NetWare Drivers ardrvr.dsk The array driver, which makes the array disks appear to the server as a single virtual disk and controls array operations.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide NetWare Loadable Modules aruadmin.
Glossary of RAID Software arumon.nlm The Array Monitor utility, which performs the following functions: ■ Monitors the array driver for error conditions and displays the error messages on the server console. The messages are also broadcast to any client locations selected by the operator. ■ Automatically starts the Reconstruct utility (arurec.nlm) if a drive fails in an array that contains a spare. ■ If a function is scheduled, loads the Scheduler utility (arusched.nlm) when the server starts.
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Other Files aru.ini A text file that contains the following configuration information: ■ Monitor type: Color or monochrome. The default is C (color). ■ Persons who will receive broadcast messages: The default is Everybody. ■ Scheduling information: The scheduled times for verifications, spare tests, or reconstruction of data on a replacement disk ■ Auto-Correct flag for the Verify function: The default is Y (that is, Auto-Correct is on).
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ A Adaptec CI/O Software 12-1–12-4 overview of 3-2 remotely accessing the Administrator Utility 12-4 special features through the Administrator Utility 12-2 standard features 12-1 system requirements 1-3 Adaptec RAID Software See also Administrator Utility and Initial Array Configuration Utility glossary of files C-1–C-4 overview of 3-1–3-3 Add an Array Option 10-1 Add Spare Drives Option 10-6 Adding Arrays 6-3, 10-1–10-5 Administrator Utility basics 7-1–7-6 exiting 7-2 getting help 7-6 gray menu op
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide identifying 9-9 modifying 10-5–10-7 monitoring 8-1–8-8, 12-1–12-4 number of disks in 2-3 partitioning 6-7 performance statistics 8-3 reactivating an off-line array 9-7 reconstructing data 9-4–9-6 remote management 12-1–12-4 remote monitoring 12-1–12-4 replacing a drive 6-16 scheduling tasks 9-7–9-9 selecting different disks 10-6 selecting different spares 10-7 status of arrays 8-2 verifying arrays 9-1–9-4 Arrays, Types see Array Types aru.ini file 9-3, C-4 aru.
Index Connector Locations 5-2 Conventions, Formatting 1-4 Conversion Status Bar 10-8 Convert Menu 10-8 Convert RAID Level Option 10-8 Converting between RAID 0 and RAID 5 10-7–10-9 canceling a conversion 10-9 changing the priority of conversions 10-9 spares, disposition of 10-8 tracking conversions 10-8 Copy Drivers Utility overview of 3-3 Creating Arrays 6-3, 10-1–10-5 Customer Support See Technical Support D Data Block Size 11-2 Data Sampling Rate changing 8-4 default rate 8-4 Data Transfer 13-3, 13-4 Da
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide G Glossary of RAID Software C-1–C-4 H Hard Disk Drive booting from A-8 configuration problems A-7– A-10 formatting 13-11 greater than 1 GByte support 4-4, A-4 verifying 13-12 Hardware Functions Option 9-9 Help, Getting 7-6 Highlight Bar Problems 7-5 Host Adapter See AHA-398x Adapter Hot Swap Pause Option 9-11 I ID See SCSI ID Include in BIOS Scan default setting 13-2 defined 13-5 Initial Array Configuration Utility creating an array 6-3 deleting an array 6-15 displa
Index Display Array Status 8-2 Display Host Adapter Drives 9-10 Hardware Functions 9-9 Hot Swap Pause 9-11 Log Current Data Values 8-5 Reactivate Off-line Array 9-7 Reconstruct Functions 9-5 Redefine Array 10-6 Reset Temporary Statistics 8-4 Scheduler Functions 9-7 Temporary Array Statistics 8-3 Temporary Drive Statistics 8-3 Verify Functions 9-2 Menus getting help 7-6 gray options 7-6 selecting options from 7-5 Messages changing the repeat interval 8-7 list of broadcast messages 8-5 who receives messages 8
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide Port Addresses A-2 Priority of Background Operations, Explained 9-2 R RAID 0 Arrays data block size 11-2 described 2-1 number of disks in 2-3 RAID 0 CVT Arrays converting to RAID 5 CVT 10-7– 10-9 data block size 11-2 described 2-3 number of disks in 2-3 RAID 1 Arrays data block size 11-2 described 2-2 number of disks in 2-3 spare disks 2-4 RAID 1/0 Arrays data block size 11-2 described 2-2 number of disks in 2-3 spare disks 2-4 RAID 5 Arrays data block size 11-2 descr
Index SCSI Command Failure A-10 SCSI Device Configuration Menu 13-9 SCSI Devices changing the configuration of 13-7–13-11 connecting external devices 5-10 connecting internal devices 5-7 default configuration 13-3–13-5 differential 5-6 listing SCSI IDs of 13-11 sharing devices between two computers 5-18 single-ended 4-4, 5-6 support for 4-4, 5-5 SCSI Disk Utilities 13-1 formatting a disk 13-11 listing SCSI IDs 13-11 verifying a disk 13-12 SCSI Drive, Booting from A-8 SCSI Features 4-2 SCSI ID changing the c
AHA-3980/3980W/3985/3985W User’s Guide sys:system Directory creating on an array 10-11 installing Adaptec utilities in 10-11 System Menu 7-3, 7-5 System Requirements 1-2 hardware/firmware 1-2 software 1-2 V Verify Functions Option 9-2 Verify Menu 9-2 Verify Status Bar 9-2 Verifying a Disk 13-12 Verifying Arrays 9-1–9-4 Auto-Correct option 9-3, C-4 canceling verifications 9-3 T Tagged Queuing 4-2 Tape Backup Utility, NetWare 6-14, 14-5 Temporary Array Statistics Option 8-3 Temporary Drive Statistics Optio
