SW9000.BK Page i Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM ® http://www.3com.com/ Part No. DUA1699-0AAA02 100001-00 Rev.
SW9000.BK Page ii Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California 95052-8145 Copyright © 3Com Corporation, 1998. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without permission from 3Com Technologies.
SW9000.BK Page iii Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM VCCI Statement Information To The User If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: ■ Reorient the receiving antenna. ■ Relocate the equipment with respect to the receiver. ■ Move the equipment away from the receiver.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM ABOUT THIS GUIDE About This Guide provides an overview of this guide, describes guide conventions, tells you where to look for specific information and lists other publications that may be useful. Introduction This guide provides the required information to install and configure the Superstack® II Switch 9000 SX (3C16990). This guide is intended for use by network administrators who are responsible for installing and setting up network equipment.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2 ABOUT THIS GUIDE Finding Information in This Guide This table shows where to find specific information in this guide.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Conventions Conventions 3 Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide. Table 1 Icon Table 2 Notice Icons Notice Type Alerts you to... Note Important features or instructions Caution Risk of personal injury, system damage, or loss of data Warning Risk of severe personal injury Text Conventions Convention Description Screen displays This typeface represents information as it appears on the screen.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4 ABOUT THIS GUIDE Command Syntax Symbols Table 3 You may see a variety of symbols shown as part of the command syntax. These symbols explain how to enter the command, and you do not type them as part of the command itself. Table 3 summarizes command syntax symbols. Command Syntax Symbols Symbol Description angle brackets < > Enclose a variable or value. You must specify the variable or value.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Line-Editing Commands Line-Editing Commands Table 4 5 Table 4 describes the line-editing commands available using the command-line interface. Line-Editing Commands Command Description Backspace Deletes character to the left of cursor and shifts remainder of line to left. Delete or [Ctrl] + D Deletes character under cursor and shifts remainder of line to left. [Ctrl] + K Deletes characters from under cursor to the end of the line.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 1 SWITCH 9000 OVERVIEW This chapter describes the following: About the Switch 9000 ■ Switch 9000 features ■ How to use the Switch 9000 in your network configuration ■ Switch 9000 front view ■ Switch 9000 rear view ■ Factory default settings Network managers are currently faced with the challenge of creating networks that can provide high-speed and high performance to serve the needs of today’s network users.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 1-2 CHAPTER 1: SWITCH 9000 OVERVIEW ■ Virtual LANs (VLANs) ■ Support for 64 VLANs on a single Switch 9000 ■ Support for IEEE 802.1Q tagging ■ Controls traffic (including broadcasts) ■ Provides extra security ■ Protocol-sensitive filtering for VLANs ■ Recognition of the Priority Access Control Enabled (PACE) bit set by 3Com Etherlink® adapters and the other devices that support PACE ■ Responds to 802.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Summary of Features Full Duplex Switch Operation 1-3 The Switch 9000 provides full-duplex support for all ports. Full-duplex allows frames to be transmitted and received simultaneously and, in effect, doubles the bandwidth available on a link. The Switch 9000 will refuse a half duplex connection on any port. The Switch 9000 uses the same algorithm as a conventional 802.1d bridge for filtering, forwarding, and learning packets.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 1-4 CHAPTER 1: SWITCH 9000 OVERVIEW ■ Redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are operational. ■ Redundant paths are enabled if the main traffic paths fail. For more information on STP, refer to Chapter 7. IP Unicast Routing The Switch 9000 can route IP traffic between the VLANs configured as virtual router interfaces. Both dynamic and static IP routes are maintained in the routing table. RIP version 1 and RIP version 2 are supported.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Network Configuration Example Figure 1-1 1-5 Switch 9000 used in a backbone configuration The Switch 3000 on each floor is provided with a Gigabit Ethernet full-duplex link to the Switch 9000. Using Gigabit Ethernet as a backbone technology removes bottlenecks by providing scalable bandwidth, low-latency, high-speed data switching.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 1-6 CHAPTER 1: SWITCH 9000 OVERVIEW attached to the Switch 9000 providing improved performance to the Ethernet desktop. Switch 9000 Front View Figure 1-2 shows the Switch 9000 front view.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch 9000 Front View 1-7 LEDs Table 1-2 describes the LED behavior on the Switch 9000. Table 1-2 Switch 9000 LEDs LED Color Indicates Yellow Frames are being transmitted/received on this port. Off No activity on this port. Green Link is present; port is enabled. Green flashing Link is present; port is disabled. Off Link is not present. Power Green The Switch 9000 has been started up. MGMT Green The Switch 9000 is operating normally.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 1-8 CHAPTER 1: SWITCH 9000 OVERVIEW Switch 9000 Rear View Figure 1-3 shows the Switch 9000 rear view. Power socket and fuse Console port U L C U L ! 3C16990 MADE IN USA MAIN ASSEMBLY SERIAL NUMBER MAC ADDRESS Figure 1-3 Switch 9000 rear view The rear panel has the following features: Power Socket The Switch 9000 automatically adjusts to the supply voltage. The power supply operates down to 90 V.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Factory Defaults Factory Defaults 1-9 Table 1-3 shows the factory defaults for the Switch 9000 features.
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SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2-2 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLATION AND SETUP Configuration Rules for Gigabit Ethernet Installing the Switch 9000 Rack Mounting ■ Water or moisture cannot enter the case of the unit. ■ Temperature must be within the range of 0 to 40 degrees Celsius. ■ Air-flow around the unit and through the vents in the side of the case is not restricted. You should provide a minimum of 25mm (1-inch) clearance. ■ No objects are placed on top of the unit.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Installing the Switch 9000 Figure 2-1 2-3 Fitting the mounting bracket 5 Repeat the three previous steps for the other side of the Switch. 6 Refer to the instructions that shipped with your rack, runners, shelf or tray to complete the installation of the Switch into the mounting rack. CAUTION: When using rack mounting runners, a shelf, or a tray, make sure that the ventilation holes on the side of the Switch are not obstructed. 7 Connect cables.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2-4 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLATION AND SETUP Stacking the Switch and Other Devices Up to four units can be placed on top of one another. If mixing Switch 9000, Switch 3000 FX, Switch 1000, Switch 1200, and other SuperStack® II hubs, the smaller units must be positioned at the top using rubber feet. This section relates only to physically placing the devices on top of each other. The Switch cannot be used to form a stack.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Connecting Equipment to the Console Port 2-5 Figure 2-2 shows the pin-outs for a 9-pin to RS-232 25-pin null modem cable.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2-6 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLATION AND SETUP Powering-up the Switch To power-up the Switch, follow these steps: 1 Connect the power cable to the Switch. 2 Connect the power cable to the wall outlet 3 Turn the on/off Switch to the on position. Checking the Installation Power On Self-Test (POST) After turning on power to the Switch 9000, the device performs a Power On Self-Test (POST).
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Logging on for the First Time 2-7 5 Assign an IP address and subnetwork mask for VLAN default. The example below assigns an IP address of 123.45.67.8 and a subnetwork mask of 255.255.255.0. config vlan default ipaddress 123.45.67.8 255.255.255.0 Your changes take effect immediately.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3 ACCESSING THE SWITCH This chapter describes the following information that you can use to begin managing the Switch 9000: ■ Security access level overview ■ Configuring the Switch for management ■ Switch management methods ■ Configuring SNMP CAUTION: In order for configuration changes to be retained through a Switch power cycle or reboot, you must issue a SAVE command after you have made the change.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-2 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH Administrator Access Level An administrator-level account can view and change all Switch parameters, add and delete users, and change the password associated with any account name. The administrator can disconnect a Telnet management session. If this happens, the user is notified that the session has been terminated. If you have logged on with administrator access level, the command-line prompt ends with a (#) sign.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Security Access Levels 3-3 4 Enter the new password at the prompt. 5 Re-enter the new password at the prompt. 6 Save your changes by typing save Creating a Management Account The Switch can have a total of three management accounts. You can use the default names (admin and user), or you can create new names and passwords for the accounts. Passwords must have a minimum of four characters and can have a maximum of 12 characters.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-4 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH 3 Enter the new password at the prompt. 4 Re-enter the new password at the prompt. 5 Save your changes by typing save If you forget your password contact your local technical support representative, who will advise on your next course of action. Viewing Switch Accounts To view the accounts that have been created, you must have administrator privileges.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using Telnet Using the Console Interface 3-5 The command-line interface built into the Switch is accessible by way of the 9-pin, RS-232 console port located on the rear of the unit. For more information on the console port pin-outs, refer to Chapter 2. Once the connection is established, you will see the system prompt and you may log on. Using Telnet Any Telnet facility should be able to communicate with the Switch over a TCP/IP network.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-6 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH You can enable BOOTP on a per-VLAN basis by using the following command: enable bootp vlan [ | all] Manually Configuring the IP Settings If you are using IP without a BOOTP server, you must enter the IP parameters for the Switch in order for the SNMP Network Manager or Telnet software to communicate with the device.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using Telnet 3-7 4 At the password prompt, enter the password and press [Return]. When you have successfully logged on to the Switch, the command-line prompt displays the name of the Switch in its prompt. 5 Assign an IP address and subnetwork mask for the default VLAN by using the following command config vlan ipaddress {} For example: config vlan default ipaddress 123.45.67.8 255.255.255.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-8 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH Sample output from the show session command is as follows: 3C16990:2 # sh sess # Login Time User Type Location ============================================================ 0 Tue Mar 10 11:10:53 1998 admin console serial 4 Tue Mar 10 13:11:13 1998 user telnet 192.207.37.168 Terminate the session by typing clear session Disabling Telnet Access By default, Telnet services are enabled on the Switch.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using SNMP Accessing Switch Agents Saving Configuration Changes Supported MIBs In order to have access to the SNMP agent residing in the Switch, at least one VLAN on the Switch must have an IP address assigned to it. For more information on assigning an IP address, refer to “Manually Configuring the IP Settings,” on page 3-6.
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-10 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH Table 3-3 Configuring SNMP Settings Supported Traps (continued) Trap Description Falling alarm Indicates that an RMON alarm entry has crossed its falling threshold. Fan fail Indicates that one or more of the cooling fans inside the device has failed. A Fan okay trap will be issued once the fan has attained normal operation.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using SNMP Table 3-4 3-11 SNMP Configuration Commands Command Description config vlan ipaddress {} Configures an IP address for the VLAN. This is required in order to use an SNMP manager. enable snmp access Allows you to turn on SNMP support for the Switch. enable snmp trap Allows you to turn on SNMP trap support.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-12 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH Resetting and Disabling SNMP Table 3-5 ■ Authorized SNMP station list ■ SNMP trap receiver list ■ Logon statistics To reset or disable SNMP settings, use the commands in Table 3-5. SNMP Reset and Disable Commands Command Description disable snmp access Allows you to disable SNMP on the Switch. disable snmp trap Allows you to prevent SNMP traps from being sent from the Switch.
SW9000.BK Page 13 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring Ports 3-13 Options for the ping command are described in Table 3-6. Table 3-6 Traceroute Ping Command Parameters Parameter Description continuous Allows you to specify ICMP echo messages to be sent continuously. size Allows you to specify the size of the packet. The traceroute command allows you to trace the routed path between the Switch and a destination endstation.
SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-14 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH To configure the Switch to autonegotiate, use the following command: config port auto on Port Commands Table 3-7 Table 3-7 describes port commands. Port Commands Command Description config port auto on Allows you to enable 802.3z autonegotiation. config port auto off duplex full Allows you to disable autonegotiation on one or more ports.
SW9000.BK Page 15 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Load Sharing 3-15 Load sharing is most useful in cases where the traffic transmitted from the Switch to the load-sharing group is sourced from an equal or greater number of ports on the Switch. For example, traffic transmitted to a 2-port load-sharing group should originate from a minimum of two other ports on the same Switch.
SW9000.BK Page 16 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3-16 CHAPTER 3: ACCESSING THE SWITCH The following example defines a load-sharing group that contains ports 4 through 7, and uses the first port in the group as the master logical port 4: enable sharing 4 grouping 4-7 In this example, logical port 4 represents physical ports 4 through 7.
SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4 COMMANDS This chapter contains a description of each command-line interface command for the Switch 9000. It also provides the following information related to Switch 9000 commands: ■ Command syntax ■ Line editing commands ■ Command history substitution If an asterisk (*) appears in front of the command-line prompt, it indicates that you have outstanding configuration changes that have not been saved.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-2 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS If the command does not include a parameter, skip to Step 3. If the command requires more information, or if you want to include optional parameters, continue to Step 2a. a If the command has additional parameters include them after the command name. b If the command includes a parameter, enter the parameter name, and its values. The parameters values may include numerics, strings, or addresses, depending on the parameter.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Understanding the Command Syntax 4-3 config vlan engineering add port 1-3,6 could use the following shortcut: config engineering add port 1-3, 6 Numerical Ranges Commands that require you to enter one or more port numbers use the parameter, , in the syntax.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-4 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-1 Command Syntax Symbols (continued) Symbol Description vertical bar | Separates mutually exclusive items in a list, one of which must be entered. For example, in the syntax config snmp community [read | write] you must specify either the read or write community string in the command. Do not type the vertical bar. braces { } Enclose an optional value or a list of optional arguments.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Command History Substitution Command History Substitution 4-5 The Switch 9000 “remembers” the last 50 commands you enter. You can display a list of these commands by using the following command: history Common Commands Table 4-3 Table 4-3 describes common commands used to manage the Switch. Commands specific to a particular feature are described in the other chapters of this guide.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-6 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-3 Common Commands (continued) Command Description unconfig switch {all} Allows you to reset all Switch parameters (with the exception of defined VLANs and IP addresses) to the factory defaults. If you specify the keyword “all”, the IP addresses are reset as well. Switch 9000 Commands The tables in this section list all of the commands used on the Switch 9000.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch 9000 Commands General Switch Commands Table 4-4 4-7 Table 4-4 describes general Switch commands.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-8 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-4 General Switch Commands (continued) Command Description config devicemode [bridging | iprouting] Allows you to configure the operating mode of the Switch.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch 9000 Commands Switch Management Commands Table 4-6 4-9 Table 4-6 describes Switch management commands Switch Management Commands Command Description show management Displays network management configuration and statics including enable/disable states for Telnet and SNMP, SNMP community strings, authorized SNMP station list, SNMP trap receiver list, and logon statistics.
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-10 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-6 Switch Management Commands (continued) Command Description config snmp syscontact Allows you to configure the name of the system contact. A maximum of 32 characters is allowed config snmp sysname Allows you to configure the name of the Switch. The sysname appears in the command line interface prompt. A maximum of 32 characters is allowed. The default sysname is 3C16990.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch 9000 Commands Protocol Commands Table 4-8 4-11 Table 4-8 describes protocol commands. Protocol Commands Command Description show protocol { | all} Allows you to display protocol-related information, including: ■ Protocol name ■ List of protocol fields ■ List of VLANs that use this protocol create protocol Allows you to create a user-defined protocol.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-12 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-9 FDB Commands (continued) Command Description create fdbentry vlan Allows you to create a permanent FDB entry.
SW9000.BK Page 13 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands Table 4-10 Port Commands Command Description enable port Allows you to enable one or more ports. disable port Allows you to disable one or more ports. PACE Commands Table 4-11 Table 4-11 describes PACE commands. PACE Commands Command Description enable pace Allows you to enable recognition of the PACE bit. disable pace Allows you to disable recognition of the PACE bit.
SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-14 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-12 STP Commands (continued) Command Description config stpd forwarddelay Allows you to specify the time (in seconds) that the ports on this STPD spend in the listening and learning states when the Switch is the Root Bridge. The range is 4 through 30. The default setting is 15 seconds. config stpd maxage Allows you to specify the maximum age of a BPDU in this STPD.
SW9000.BK Page 15 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands Basic IP Commands Table 4-13 4-15 Table 4-13 describes basic IP commands.
SW9000.BK Page 16 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-16 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-13 Basic IP Commands (continued) Command Description disable bootp vlan [ | all] Allows you to disable the generation and processing of BOOTP packets. enable bootprelay Allows you to enable the BOOTP relay function on the router. disable bootprelay Allows you to disable the BOOTP relay function on the router.
SW9000.BK Page 17 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands IP Route Table Commands Table 4-15 4-17 Table 4-15 describes IP route table commands. IP Route Table Commands Command Description show iproute {vlan { | all | permanent | } Allows you to display the contents of the IP routing table. config iproute add default {} Allows you to add a default gateway to the routing table. A default gateway must be located on a configured IP interface.
SW9000.BK Page 18 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-18 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-16 ICMP Commands (continued) Command Description enable icmp useredirects Allows you to enable the modification of route table information when an ICMP redirect message is received. The default setting is disabled. disable icmp useredirects Allows you to disable the changing of routing table information when an ICMP redirect message is received.
SW9000.BK Page 19 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands RIP Commands Table 4-17 4-19 Table 4-17 describes the commands used to configure the RIP protocol. RIP Commands Command Description show rip {vlan | all} Displays RIP configuration and statistics for one or more VLANs. Display includes the state for RIP settings, and interface states.
SW9000.BK Page 20 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-20 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-17 RIP Commands (continued) Command Description enable rip exportstatic Allows you to enable the advertisement of static routes using RIP. The default setting is enabled. disable rip exportstatic Allows you to disable the filtering of static routes. config rip updatetime {} Allows you to change the periodic RIP update timer. The default setting is 30 seconds.
SW9000.BK Page 21 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands Logging Commands Table 4-18 4-21 Table 4-18 describes Switch logging commands. Logging Commands Command Description show log config Displays the log configuration, including the syslog host IP address, the priority level of messages being logged locally, and the priority level of messages being sent to the syslog host. show log {} {} Displays the current snapshot of the log.
SW9000.BK Page 22 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4-22 CHAPTER 4: COMMANDS Table 4-18 Logging Commands (continued) Command Description config syslog {} {} Allows you to configure the syslog host address and filter messages sent to the syslog host. Options include: ■ ipaddress — The IP address of the syslog host. ■ facility — The syslog facility level for local use.
SW9000.BK Page 23 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Commands Configuration and Image Commands Table 4-19 4-23 Table 4-19 describes configuration and image commands Configuration and Image Commands Command Description save {config} {primary | secondary} Allows you to save the current configuration of the Switch to NVRAM. You can specify the primary or secondary configuration area. If not specified, the configuration is saved to the configuration area currently in use.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) 5 Setting up Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) on the Switch 9000 eases many time-consuming tasks of network administration while increasing efficiency in network operations. This chapter describes the VLAN concepts and explains how to implement VLANs on the Switch 9000.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-2 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) ■ It helps to control traffic. With traditional networks, congestion can be caused by broadcast traffic that is directed to all network devices, regardless of whether they require it. VLANs increase the efficiency of your network because each VLAN can be set up to contain only those devices that need to communicate with each other. ■ It provides extra security.
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SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-4 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) Expanding Port-Based VLANs Across Switches To create a port-based VLAN that spans two Switches you must do two things: ■ Assign the port on each Switch to the VLAN. ■ Cable the two Switches together using one port on each Switch per VLAN. Figure 5-2 illustrates a single VLAN that spans two Switches. All ports on both Switches belong to VLAN Sales.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Overview of Virtual LANs 5-5 Figure 5-3 illustrates two VLANs spanning two Switches. On Switch 1, ports 1–4 are part of VLAN Accounting; ports 5–8 are part of VLAN Engineering. On Switch 2, ports 1–4 are part of VLAN Accounting; ports 5–8 are part of VLAN Engineering. VLAN Accounting spans Switch 1 and Switch 2 by way of a connection between Switch 1 port 2 and Switch 2 port 4.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-6 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) Tagged VLANs The Switch 9000 uses the IEEE 802.1Q D4 draft standard for rules associated with VLAN tagging. Tagging is a process that inserts a marker (called a tag) into the Ethernet frame. The tag contains the identification number of a specific VLAN, called the VLANid. Uses of Tagged VLANs Tagging is most commonly used to create VLANs that span Switches. The Switch-to-Switch connections are called trunks.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Overview of Virtual LANs 5-7 Figure 5-4 illustrates the physical view of a network that uses tagged and untagged traffic. MS M S M MS Switch 1 M = Marketing S = Sales 802.1Q Tagged server = Tagged port S M MS S M Switch 2 Figure 5-4 Physical diagram of tagged and untagged traffic Figure 5-5 shows a logical diagram of the same network.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-8 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) In Figure 5-4 and Figure 5-5: ■ The trunk port on each Switch carries traffic for both VLAN Marketing and VLAN Sales. ■ The trunk port on each Switch is tagged. ■ The server connected to port 1 on Switch 1 has a NIC that supports 802.1Q tagging. ■ The server connected to port 1 on Switch 1 is a member of both VLAN Marketing and VLAN Sales. ■ All other stations use untagged traffic.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Overview of Virtual LANs 5-9 The IP traffic has been divided into two IP subnets, 192.207.35.0 and 192.207.36.0. The subnets are internally routed by the Switch 9000. The subnets are assigned different VLAN names, Finance and Personnel, respectively. The remainder of the traffic belongs to the VLAN named MyCompany. All ports are members of the VLAN MyCompany. 192.207.35.1 192.207.36.1 My Company 192.207.35.0 Finance 1 192.207.36.
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-10 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) Defining Protocol Filters If necessary, you can define a customized protocol filter based on EtherType, LLC, and/or SNAP. Up to six filters may be part of a protocol filter.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring VLANs on the Switch 9000 5-11 The Default VLAN The Switch 9000 ships with one default VLAN that has the following properties: Configuring VLANs on the Switch 9000 ■ The VLAN name is default. ■ It contains all the ports on a new or initialized Switch. ■ The default VLAN is untagged, and has no VLANid or protocol filter assigned. This section describes the commands associated with setting up VLANs on the Switch 9000.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-12 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) Table 5-1 describes the commands used to configure a VLAN. Table 5-1 VLAN Configuration Commands Command Description create vlan Allows you to create a named VLAN. create protocol Allows you to create a user-defined protocol. config protocol add Allows you to configure a protocol filter.
SW9000.BK Page 13 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Displaying VLAN Settings 5-13 The following example creates a tag-based VLAN named video. It assigns the VLANid 1000. Ports 4–8 are added as tagged ports to the VLAN. create vlan video config video tag 1000 config video add port 4-8 tagged The following example creates a VLAN named Sales , with the VLANid 120. The VLAN uses both tagged and untagged ports. Ports 1–3 are tagged, and ports 4 and 7 are untagged.
SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 5-14 CHAPTER 5: VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) ■ Status for each port ■ Enabled/disabled ■ Tagged/untagged ■ Protocol information ■ IP address ■ STPD information Sample output from this command is as follows: 3C16990:7 # sh vlan all VLAN "Default" created by user Tagging: 802.1Q Tag 1 IP: 192.207.37.214/255.255.255.0 STPD: Domain "s0" is not running spanning tree protocol. Protocol: Match all unfiltered protocols. Qos Profile: QP1 Ports: 16.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 6 SWITCH FORWARDING DATABASE (FDB) This chapter describes the contents of the Switch forwarding database (FDB), how the FDB works, and how to configure the FDB. Overview of the FDB FDB Contents FDB Entry Types The Switch 9000 maintains a database of all addresses received on all of its ports. It uses the information in this database to decide whether a frame should be forwarded or filtered. The database holds up to a maximum of 12,000 entries.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 6-2 CHAPTER 6: SWITCH FORWARDING DATABASE (FDB) ■ PACE Prioritization Permanent entries — Permanent entries are retained in the database if the Switch is reset or a power off/on cycle occurs. The system administrator must make entries permanent. A permanent entry can either be a unicast or multicast MAC address. All entries entered by way of the command-line interface are stored as permanent. The Switch can support a maximum of 64 permanent entries.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring FDB Entries Configuring FDB Entries Table 6-1 6-3 To configure entries in the FDB, use the commands listed in Table 6-1. FDB Configuration Commands Command Description create fdbentry vlan Allows you to create a permanent FDB entry.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7 SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) Using the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) functionality of the Switch 9000 makes your network more fault tolerant. The following sections describe STP concepts, and how STP features are supported by the Switch. STP is a part of the 802.1d bridge specification defined by the IEEE Computer Society. To explain STP more effectively, the Switch 9000 will be defined as a bridge.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-2 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) Figure 7-1 Network with an illegal topology This configuration is illegal because it creates loops that cause the network to overload. However, STP allows you to use this configuration because STP detects duplicate paths and immediately prevents (or blocks) one of them from forwarding traffic. Figure 7-2 shows an example of enabling STP on the bridges in the configuration.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Overview of the Spanning Tree Protocol 7-3 If the link through Bridge C fails, as shown in Figure 7-3, the STP system reconfigures the network so that traffic from segment 2 flows through Bridge B.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-4 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) The Root Bridge generates BPDUs on all ports at a regular interval known as the Hello Time. All other bridges in the network have a Root Port. This is the port that costs the least in getting to the Root Bridge, and it is used for receiving the BPDUs initiated by the Root Bridge.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Spanning Tree Domains ■ 7-5 Within any given STPD, all VLANs belonging to it use the same spanning tree. Care must be taken to ensure that STPD instances within a single Switch do not see each other in the same broadcast domain. This could happen if, for example, another external bridge is used to connect VLANs belonging to separate STPDs. Defaults The default device configuration contains a single STPD called s0.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-6 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) STP Configurations When you assign VLANs to an STPD, pay careful attention to the STP configuration and its effect on the forwarding of VLAN traffic. Figure 7-4 illustrates a network that uses VLAN tagging for trunk connections. The following four VLANs have been defined: ■ Sales is defined on Switch A, Switch B, and Switch M. ■ Personnel is defined on Switch A, Switch B, and Switch M.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM STP Configurations 7-7 When the Switches in this configuration start up, STP configures each STP domain such that there are no active loops in the topology. STP could configure the topology in a number of ways to make it loop-free. In Figure 7-4, the connection between Switch A and Switch B is put into blocking state, and the connection between Switch Y and Switch Z is put into blocking state.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-8 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) STP Configurations to Avoid Within a single STPD, you must be careful when configuing your VLANs. The following figures illustrate networks that have been incorrectly set up so that the STP configuration disables the ability of the Switches to forward VLAN traffic. The tag-based network in Figure 7-5 has the following configuration: ■ Switch 1 contains VLAN Marketing and VLAN Sales.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Creating STP Domains 7-9 Figure 7-6 shows a similar configuration in which the VLANs are all port-based. The trunk connections between the Switches require one trunk port per Switch for each VLAN.
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SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring STP Table 7-1 7-11 STP Configuration Commands (continued) Command Description config stpd delete vlan [ | all] Allows you to remove one or all VLANs from an STPD. If all is specified, the association between the STPD and VLAN is removed, but both still exist.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-12 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) Configuration Example The following example creates and enables an STPD named Backbone_st. It assigns the Manufacturing VLAN to the STPD. It disables STP on ports 1 through 3, and port 4.
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SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 7-14 CHAPTER 7: SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) Disabling and Resetting STP Table 7-2 To disable STP or return STP settings to their defaults, use the commands listed in Table 7-2. STP Disable and Reset Commands Command Description delete stpd Allows you to remove an STPD. An STPD can only be removed if all VLANs have been deleted from it. disable stpd [ | all] Allows you to disable the STP mechanism on one or all STPDs.
SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8 IP UNICAST ROUTING This chapter describes how to configure IP routing on the Switch 9000. It assumes that you are already familiar with IP unicast routing.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-2 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING the router interface for Finance is assigned the IP address 192.206.35.1. Personnel belongs to the IP network 192.207.36.0; its router interface is assigned IP address 192.207.36.1. Traffic within each VLAN is switched using the Ethernet MAC addresses. Traffic between the two VLANs is routed using the IP addresses. 192.207.35.1 192.207.36.1 192.207.35.0 Finance 192.207.36.0 Personnel 1 2 3 4 192.207.35.11 192.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Overview of IP Unicast Routing 8-3 Dynamic Routes Dynamic routes are typically learned by way of RIP. Routers using RIP exchange information in their routing tables in the form of RIP advertisements. Using dynamic routes, the routing table contains only networks that are reachable. Dynamic routes are aged out of the table when a RIP update for the network is not received for a period of time.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-4 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Configuring IP Unicast Routing This section describes the commands associated with configuring IP unicast routing on the Switch 9000. Configuring routing involves the following steps: ■ Verify the Switch operating mode is set to iprouting, by using the following command: show switch If it is not, use the following command: config devicemode iprouting ■ Create and configure two or more VLANs.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Verifying the IP Unicast Routing Configuration Verifying the IP Unicast Routing Configuration 8-5 Use the show iproute command to display the current configuration of IP unicast routing for the Switch, and for each VLAN. The show iproute command displays the currently configured routes, including how each route was learned. Additional verification commands include: ■ show iparp Displays the IP ARP table of the switch.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-6 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Table 8-1 describes the commands used to configure basic IP settings on the Switch. Table 8-1 Basic IP Commands Command Description enable bootp {vlan | all} Enables the generation and processing of BOOTP packets on a VLAN to obtain an IP address for the VLAN from a BOOTP server. The default setting is enabled for all VLANs.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring DHCP/BOOTP Relay Table 8-1 8-7 Basic IP Commands (continued) Command Description clear ipfdb [ | vlan | all] Removes the dynamic entries in the IP forwarding database. Table 8-2 describes the commands used to configure the IP route table. Table 8-2 Route Table Configuration Commands Command Description config iproute add {} Adds a static address to the routing table.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-8 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Table 8-3 RIP Configuration Commands (continued) Command Description enable rip splithorizon Enables the split horizon algorithm for RIP. Default setting is enabled. enable rip triggerupdate Enables triggered updates. Triggered updates are a mechanism for immediately notifying a router’s neighbors when the router adds or deletes routes, or changes the metric of a route. The default setting is enabled.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Configuring DHCP/BOOTP Relay Table 8-3 8-9 RIP Configuration Commands (continued) Command Description disable rip splithorizon Disables split horizon. disable rip poisonreverse Disables poison reverse. disable rip triggerupdate Disables triggered updates disable rip exportstatic Disables the filtering of static routes. unconfig rip {vlan | all} Resets all RIP parameters to the default VLAN.
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-10 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Table 8-4 ICMP Configuration Commands (continued) Command Description unconfig irdp Resets all router advertisement settings to the default values. disable icmp redirects {vlan | all} Disables the generation of ICMP redirects on one or more VLANs. disable icmp unreachables Disables the generation of ICMP unreachable messages on one or more VLANs.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Routing Configuration Example 192.207.35.1 8-11 192.207.36.1 My Company 192.207.35.0 Finance 192.207.36.0 Personnel 1 2 3 IP NetBIOS IP NetBIOS IP NetBIOS 4 IP NetBIOS = IP traffic = NetBIOS traffic Figure 8-2 Unicast Routing Configuration Example In this configuration, all IP traffic from stations connected to ports 1 and 3 have access to the router by way of the VLAN Finance. Ports 2 and 4 reach the router by way of the VLAN Personnel.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-12 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Displaying Router Settings Table 8-5 To display settings for various IP routing components, use the commands listed in Table 8-5.
SW9000.BK Page 13 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Resetting and Disabling Router Settings Table 8-5 Router Show Commands (continued) Command Description show rip stat {vlan | all} Displays RIP-specific statistics.
SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 8-14 CHAPTER 8: IP UNICAST ROUTING Table 8-6 Router Reset and Disable Commands (continued) Command Description disable rip {vlan | all} Disables RIP for one or more VLANs. When RIP is disabled, the parameters are not reset to their defaults, and the states are not cleared. Disables RIP for a VLAN causes all routes learned from that VLAN to be advertised with a GarbageTime metric of 16, before being deleted from the route table.
SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS 9 This chapter describes how to view the current operating status of the Switch, how to display information in the Switch log, and how to take advantage of the RMON capabilities available in the Switch.
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SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Status Monitoring Table 9-1 9-3 Switch Monitoring Commands (continued) Command Description show port collisions Displays collision statistics for each port. show port config Displays state, link status, speed, and autonegotiation setting for each port. show port errors Displays error information for one or more ports. show port packet Displays a histogram of packet statistics for one or more ports.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-4 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS Table 9-1 Switch Monitoring Commands (continued) Command Description show stpd port Displays port-specific STP information, including STP port configuration and state.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Port Statistics 9-5 The following port statistic information is collected by the Switch: Link Status — The current status of the link. Options are: ■ Ready — The port is ready to accept a link. ■ Active — The link is present at this port. Transmit Packet Count (Tx Pkt Count) — The number of packets that have been successfully transmitted by the port.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-6 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS Port Errors The Switch 9000 keeps track of errors for each port. To view port error, type show port errors The following port error information is collected by the Switch: Link Status — The current status of the link. Options are: ■ Ready — The port is ready to accept a link. ■ Active — The link is present at this port.
SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch Logging 9-7 Receive Jabber Frames (RX Jab) — The total number of frames received by the port that were of longer than the support maximum length and had a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) error. Receive Alignment Errors (RX Align) — The total number of frames received by the port that occurs if a frame has a CRC error and does not contain an integral number of octets.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-8 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS Table 9-3 Subsystem Description Brdg Bridge-related functionality. Examples include low table space and queue overflow. SNMP SNMP information. Examples include community string violations. Telnet Information related to Telnet logon and configuration performed by way of a Telnet session. VLAN VLAN-related configuration information. Port Port management-related configuration.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Switch Logging 9-9 If priority is not specified, only messages of critical priority are displayed. If the subsystem is not specified, all subsystems are displayed. If you enable the log display on a terminal connected to the console port, your settings will remain in effect even after your console session is ended (unless you explicitly disable the log display).
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-10 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS Logging Commands Table 9-4 The commands described in Table 9-4 allow you to do the following: ■ Configure logging options ■ Reset logging options ■ Display the log ■ Clear the log Logging Commands Command Description config log display {} {} Allows you to configure the real-time log display.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM RMON Table 9-4 9-11 Logging Commands (continued) Command Description show log {} {} Allows you to display the a snapshot of the log. Options include: ■ ■ priority — Filters the log to display messages with the selected priority or higher (more critical). Priorities include critical, warning, and informational. If not specified, informational priority messages and higher are displayed.
SW9000.BK Page 12 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-12 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS A typical RMON setup consists of the following two components: About the RMON Groups ■ The RMON probe — An intelligent, remotely controlled device or software agent that continually collects statistics about a LAN segment or VLAN. The probe transfers the information to a management workstation on request or when a predefined threshold is crossed.
SW9000.BK Page 13 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM RMON 9-13 Alarms The Alarms group provides a versatile, general mechanism for setting threshold and sampling intervals to generate events on any MIB variable. Alarms inform you of a network performance problem and they can trigger automated action responses through the Events group. Events Effective use of the Events group saves you time.
SW9000.BK Page 14 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 9-14 CHAPTER 9: STATUS MONITORING AND STATISTICS An RMON probe, however, autonomously looks at the network on behalf of the management workstation without affecting the characteristics and performance of the network. The probe reports by exception, which means that it only informs the management workstation when the network has entered an abnormal state.
SW9000.BK Page 15 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM RMON 9-15 When using the RMON features of the Switch, you should note the following: About Event Actions ■ After the default sessions are created, they have no special status. You can delete or change them as required. ■ The greater the number of RMON sessions, the greater the burden on the management resources of the Switch. However, the forwarding performance of the Switch is not affected. You can define up to 50 alarms for the Switch.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 10 SOFTWARE UPGRADE AND BOOT OPTIONS This chapter describes the procedure for upgrading the Switch software image. It also covers how to save and load a primary and secondary configuration file on the Switch. Upgrading the Software The image file contains the executable code that runs on the Switch 9000. It comes preinstalled on the Switch from the factory.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 10-2 CHAPTER 10: SOFTWARE UPGRADE AND BOOT OPTIONS You can select which image the Switch will load on the next reboot by using the following command: use image {primary | secondary} If you do not specify which image to use, the Switch automatically loads the primary image.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Boot Option Commands Returning to Factory Defaults 10-3 To return the Switch configuration to factory defaults, use the following command: unconfig switch This command resets the entire configuration, with the exception of user accounts and passwords that have been configured. To reset all parameters, use the following command: unconfig switch all Boot Option Commands Table 10-1 Table 10-1 lists the commands associated with Switch 9000 boot options.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM SAFETY INFORMATION A You must read the following safety information before carrying out any installation or removal of components, or any maintenance procedures on the Switch 9000. Important Safety Information WARNING: Warnings contain directions that you must follow for your personal safety. Follow all instructions carefully Please read the following safety information thoroughly before installing the Switch 9000.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM A-2 APPENDIX A: SAFETY INFORMATION ■ This unit operates under SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) conditions according to IEC 950. The conditions are only maintained if the equipment to which it is connected also operates under SELV conditions. ■ The appliance coupler (the connector to the unit and not the wall plug) must have a configuration for mating with an EN60320/IEC320 appliance inlet.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Important Safety Information ■ If the power cord plug is unsuitable and must be replaced, you may find other codings for the respective connections. Connect the power supply wires for the unit according to the following scheme: ■ ■ ■ Fuse ■ A-3 Brown wire to the Live (Line) plug terminal which may be marked with the letter ‘L’ or colored red. Blue wire to the Neutral plug terminal which may be marked with the letter ‘N’ or colored black.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM A-4 APPENDIX A: SAFETY INFORMATION Lithium Battery ■ Replace the lithium battery with the same or equivalent type, as recommended by the manufacturer. WARNING: There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. ■ Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturers instructions. ■ Do not disposed of the batteries in water, or by fire. ■ Disposal requirements vary by country and by state.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM L’information de Sécurité Importante Power A-5 ■ Pour réduire les risques d'incendie ou de choc électrique, installez ce groupe sous abri dans une zone dont la température et l'humidité sont régulées et qui ne contient pas de produits contaminateurs conductifs. ■ Pour garantir le respect des normes internationales de sécurité, utilisez uniquement l'adaptateur électrique remis avec cet appareil.
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SW9000.BK Page 7 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM L’information de Sécurité Importante A-7 porte-fusibles. Pour ce groupe, vous devez uniquement utiliser des fusibles réalisés par le même constructeur et offrant le même pouvoir de coupure et respectant le même type que le fusible d'origine. Refermez le porte-fusibles. Fuse Ports pour fibres optiques Batterie au lithium ■ Pour respecter les normes européennes de sécurité, il ne faut pas monter un fusible de rechange sur l'admission de cet appareil.
SW9000.BK Page 8 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM A-8 APPENDIX A: SAFETY INFORMATION ■ ■ les batteries au lithium ne figurent pas sur la liste EPA des déchets dangereux. Par conséquent, vous pouvez en général vous en débarrasser comme s'il s'agissait d'un déchet normal. si vous souhaitez vous débarrasser de quantités importantes, contactez un service local de gestion des déchets. ■ Le module batteries ne contient aucun produit dangereux. ■ Chaque cellule contient 0,035 gramme de lithium environ.
SW9000.BK Page 9 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Wichtige Sicherheitsinformationen Power Cord ■ Das Gerät muß an eine geerdete Steckdose angeschlossen werden, die die europäischen Sicherheitsnormen erfüllt. ■ Das Gerät nicht an eine Wechselstromsteckdose anschließen, die nicht geerdet ist. ■ Die Netzsteckdose muß in der Nähe des Geräts und leicht zugänglich sein. Die Stromversorgung des Geräts kann nur durch Herausziehen des Gerätenetzkabels aus der Netzsteckdose unterbrochen werden.
SW9000.BK Page 10 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM A-10 APPENDIX A: SAFETY INFORMATION Fuse Faseroptikanschlüsse - Optische Sicherheit ■ Zur Erfüllung europäischer Sicherheitsnormen darf keine Ersatzsicherung am Geräteeingang angebracht werden. Es dürfen nur Sicherungen vom gleichen Hersteller, der gleichen Marke und Art mit dem Gerät verwendet werden. ■ Niemals mit einem Vergrößerungsgerät ein Übertragungs-LED/Laser betrachten, während dieses eingeschaltet ist.
SW9000.BK Page 11 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Wichtige Sicherheitsinformationen Lithiumbatterie ■ A-11 Die Lithiumbatterie nach den Empfehlungen des Herstellers durch eine Batterie des gleichen oder eines gleichwertigen Typs ersetzen. WARNHINWEIS: Wird die Batterie falsch ersetzt, besteht Explosionsgefahr. ■ Verbrauchte Batterien nach den Angaben des Herstellers entsorgen. ■ Batterien nicht in Wasser eintauchen oder verbrennen. ■ Die Entsorgungsbestimmungen sind je nach Land verschieden.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM B TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Physical Dimensions Height: 3.5 inches x Width: 17.32 inches x Depth: 17.32 inches Weight: 22 pounds Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature 0 to 40˚ C Storage Temperature -10 to 70 ˚ C Operating Humidity 10% to 95% relative humidity, noncondensing Standards EN60068 (IEC68) Safety Agency Certifications UL 1950, EN60950, CSA 22.2 No.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM C TROUBLESHOOTING If you encounter problems when using the Switch, this Appendix may be helpful. If you have a problem which is not listed here or in the release notes, please contact your local technical support representative. LEDs Power LED does not light: Check that the power cable is firmly connected to the device and to the supply outlet. Check the unit fuse. For information on changing the fuse, see Appendix A.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM C-2 APPENDIX C: TROUBLESHOOTING Both sides if the gigabit link must be enabled or disabled. It the two are different, typically the side with auto-negotiation disabled will have the link LED list, and the side with auto-negotiation enabled will not list. The default configuration for a gigabit port is auto-negotiation enabled.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using the Command-Line Interface C-3 Traps are not received by the SNMP Network Manager: Check that the SNMP Network Manager's IP address and community string are correctly configured and that the IP address of the Trap Receiver is configured properly on the Switch. The SNMP Network Manager or Telnet workstation can no longer access the device: Check that Telnet access or SNMP access is enabled.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM C-4 APPENDIX C: TROUBLESHOOTING You forget your password and cannot log on: If you are not an administrator, another user having administrator access level can log on, delete your user name, and create a new user name for you, with a new password. Alternatively, another user having administrator access level can log in and initialize the device. This will return all configuration information, including passwords, to the initial values.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Using the Command-Line Interface C-5 VLAN Names: There are restrictions on VLAN names. They cannot contain white spaces and cannot start with a numeric value unless you use quotation marks around the name. If a name contains white spaces or starts with a numeric, you must use quotation marks whenever referring to the VLAN name. 802.1Q links do not work correctly: Remember that VLAN names are only locally significant through the command line interface.
SW9000.BK Page 6 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM C-6 APPENDIX C: TROUBLESHOOTING The Switch keeps aging out endstation entries in the Switch Forwarding Database (FDB): Reduce the number of topology changes by disabling STP on those Switches that do not use redundant paths. Specify that the endstation entries are static or permanent. Routing The Switch sees RIP updates but other routers don’t: Ensure that the RIP transmit and receive modes are appropriate for the environment.
SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM D TECHNICAL SUPPORT 3Com provides easy access to technical support information through a variety of services. This appendix describes these services. Information contained in this appendix is correct at time of publication. For the very latest, we recommend that you access 3Com Corporation’s World Wide Web site as described below.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM D-2 APPENDIX D: TECHNICAL SUPPORT Country Data Rate Telephone Number Australia up to 14400 bps 61 2 9955 2073 Brazil up to 14400 bps 55 11 547 9666 France up to 14400 bps 33 1 6986 6954 Germany up to 28800 bps 4989 62732 188 Hong Kong up to 14400 bps 852 2537 5608 Italy (fee required) up to 14400 bps 39 2 27300680 Japan up to 14400 bps 81 3 3345 7266 Mexico up to 28800 bps 52 5 520 7853 P. R.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Support from Your Network Supplier 3ComForum on CompuServe® Online Service D-3 Country Telephone Number Country Telephone Number Australia 1 800 123853 Netherlands 06 0228049 Belgium 0800 71279 Norway 800 11062 Denmark 800 17319 Portugal 0505 442 607 Finland 98 001 4444 Russia (Moscow only) 956 0815 France 05 90 81 58 Spain 900 964 445 Germany 0130 81 80 63 Sweden 020 792954 Italy 1678 99085 U.K.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM D-4 APPENDIX D: TECHNICAL SUPPORT Support from 3Com If you are unable to receive support from your network supplier, technical support contracts are available from 3Com. Contact your local 3Com sales office to find your authorized service provider using one of these numbers: Regional Sales Office 3Com Corporation U.S.
SW9000.BK Page 5 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM Returning Products for Repair Returning Products for Repair D-5 Before you send a product directly to 3Com for repair, you must first be obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number. Products sent to 3Com without RMA numbers will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender’s expense. To obtain an RMA number, call or fax: Country Telephone Number Fax Number U.S.A.
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SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM GLOSSARY ageing The automatic removal of dynamic entries from the Switch Database that have timed-out and are no longer valid. ARP Address Resolution Protocol. The protocol used to dynamically bind high-level IP addresses to low-level hardware addresses. ARP is used only across a single physical network and is limited to networks that support hardware broadcasts.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2 GLOSSARY CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection that is a channel access method used by Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 standards in which devices transmit only after finding the data channel clear for some period of time. When two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs and the colliding devices delay their retransmissions for a random amount of time.
SW9000.BK Page 3 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3 LAN latency line speed MAC MIB multicast NVRAM Local Area Network that consists of connected computing resources (such as PCs, printers, and servers) covering a relatively small geographic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). Characterized by high data rates and low error rates. The delay between the time a device receives a frame and the time the frame is forwarded out of the destination port. See baud rate. Media Access Control.
SW9000.BK Page 4 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 4 GLOSSARY on a wide range of computers and networking equipment and may be used to manage many aspects of network and endstation operation. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) A bridge-based mechanism for providing fault tolerance on networks. STP works by allowing the implementation of parallel paths for network traffic, and ensuring that redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are operational and enabled if the main paths fail.
SW9000.BK Page 1 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM INDEX INDEX E EMC statement ii Events (RMON group) 9-13, 9-14 F Numerics 3Com Bulletin Board Service (3ComBBS) D-1 3Com sales offices D-4 3Com URL D-1 3ComFacts D-2 3ComForum D-3 A accounts, creating 3-3 alarms 9-15 Alarms (RMON group) 9-13, 9-14 autonegotiation 3-13 fax service.
SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 2 INDEX dynamic routes 8-3 populating 8-2 static routes 8-3 settings, displaying 8-12 L LEDs 1-7 load sharing 3-14 Load Sharing, configuring 3-15 log display 9-8 logging and Telnet 9-9 commands 9-10 fault level 9-7 local 9-8 real-time display 9-8 remote 9-9 subsystem 9-7 timestamp 9-7 logging on 3-2 R rack mounting 2-2 rebooting 10-2 Remote Monitoring.
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SW9000.BK Page 2 Wednesday, April 1, 1998 11:00 AM 3COM SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD PERSON’S MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR MODIFY, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.
